陕西省安康市2023-2024学年高三下学期开学考试英语试题

2024届高三年级测评英语考生注意：1．本试卷共150分。考试时间120分钟。2．请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A．£19.15．B．£9.18．C．£9.15．答案是C。1．Whoisateacher?A．Thewoman’ssister．B．Thewomanherself．C．Thewoman’sbrother．2．Whatdoesthemanthinkofthedesk?A．It’swonderful．B．It’scolorful．C．It’sexpensive．3．Whattimeisitnow?A．10:30．B．11:00．C．11:30．4．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Theirfavoritewaysoftraveling．B．Theirtriptothebeach．C．Theirweekendplans．5．Whatistheweatherlikenow?A．Rainy．B．Cloudy．C．Sunny．第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whowillpickupthecake?A．Thewomanspeaker．B．janie．C．Maya．7．Whatarethespeakersprobablydoing?A．Decoratingtheirhouse．B．Preparingasurprisingparty．C．Gettingreadytohaveapicnic．听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8．Howmanydaysdoesthemanworkinaweek?A.5days．B．6days．C．7days．9．Whatdoesthemanprobablydo?A．Apoliceman．B．Apassenger．C．Apilot．听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10．Whydoesthemanmakethephonecall?A．Toaskaboutherfaxnumber,B．TogettoknowDr.Sharp．C．Tomakeanappointment．11．Whatdoesthemanneedforhisnewjob?A．Afullphysicalcheck-up．B．Atestabouttheposition．C．AformsignedbyDr.Sharp．12．Howwillthewomaninformthemanafterreceivingtheform?A．Bycallinghim．B．Byvisitinghim．C．Bye-mailinghim．听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13．Whichplacedidthemanvisitfirst?A．Amuseum．B．Acastle．C．Achurch．14．Whatdidthemanlikeinthemuseum?A．Oldpaintings．B．Oldstamps．C．Oldclocks．15．Howdoesthemanfeelinthecastle?A．It’snotwarm．B．It’sboring．C．It’sdangerous．16．Whatdidthemanbuy?A．Abook．B．Somepostcards．C．Amodelchurch．听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17．WhendoestheHomecomingDayusuallytakeplace?A．InearlySeptember．B．InearlyOctober．C．InlateOctober．18．WhatkindofgameisthereonHomecomingDay?A．Abaseballgame．B．Abasketballgame．C．Afootballgame．19．WhatistheQueenortheKingmostlikelytobegoodat?A．Dancing．B．Singing．C．Chatting．20．Howmanycelebrationsarementioned?A．Two．B．Three．C．Four．第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AVolunteerattheEcoTarium!WesimplycouldnotoffertheprogramsandspecialeventsthatmaketheEcoTariumauniqueresourcetoourcommunitywithoutourdiverseanddedicatedcorpsofvolunteers.Tobeconsideredforamorespecificposition,lookthroughthevolunteerlistingsbelow,andsubmitanapplication.ZooAmbassadorVolunteerOurzooambassadorvolunteerswillassisttheZoologyDepartmenttoconnectwithgueststhroughengagingeducationalexperiencesaboutouranimalresidentsWearelookingforvolunteerswhoarepassionateaboutanimalsandexcitedtointeractwithguestsofallages.VolunteersmayalsocompletebehavioralstudiesonnumerousanimalswithinthecareoftheEcoTariumtohelpenhancethewelfareforouranimals!AnimalCareVolunteerAnimalcarevolunteerswillaidinallareasofhusbandry(农牧业),includingfeeding,cleaning,recordkeeping,traininganimals,andbehavioralobservations.Theywillworkwithavarietyofanimalsunderourcare,includingmammals,birds,reptiles,amphibiansandinsects.Thepositionisphysicallydemandingandrequiresworkinginallweatherconditions.EducationProgramVolunteerThroughconversationsandhands-onactivities,educationprogramvolunteershelpvisitorsmakemeaningfulconnectionstoourexhibits,encouragecuriosityandscientificinquiry,andchallengevisitorstodivedeeperintotheconceptsexploredatourmuseum.CollectionsVolunteerTheEcoTariumseeksvolunteerswhoareinterestedinmakingacontributiontosciencebyuncoveringlostspecimens(标本)intheEcoTariumcollection!Photograph,measure,andtakenotesonbirds,eggs,seashells,orpressedflowers.Thisisanexcellentpositionforahighschoolorcollegestudentconsideringacareerinbiologyorlabscience.Itisalsoappropriateforcitizenscientistsofanyage.Itoffersanopportunitytoseeexamplesofrareorextinctplantsandanimals.1.Whatcanananimalcarevolunteerdo?A.Collectlostspecimens.B.Learntofeedandcleananimals.C.Finishsomestudiesontheexhibits.D.Helpelderlyvisitorsinteractwithanimals.2.Whichpositionmostsuitsabiologymajor?A.CollectionsVolunteer. B.AnimalCareVolunteer.C.EducationProgramVolunteer. D.ZooAmbassadorVolunteer.3.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Tolisttheadvantagesofvolunteers.B.Tospreadknowledgeaboutvolunteers.C.Totrainmorepeopletobecomevolunteers.D.Tointroducesomepositionsaboutvolunteers.BOnJuly28,Iretiredfrommyposition.Afterteachingformanyyears,Ilookedforwardtokayaking(划独木舟)withmygrandsons,seeingfriendsandtravelingforleisurewithmyhusband.Butmybodyhadotherplansforme.Abrokenspine(脊椎)inmybacktookmedownapaththatupendedmyplans.Ihavelonghadbackpain.However,Ipushedthroughthepaintodomywork,whichworsenedmycondition.DoctorsurgedanoperationwhenincreaseddisabilitymeantIcouldnotsit,standorwalkforalongtime.ButIwantedtoseewhetherphysicaltherapy(治疗)couldcreateaneasieroption.Indeed,hardworkwithagreatphysicaltherapisthasletmeimprovemymobility,sittingandstanding.ButX-raystoldadifferentstory.Myspinewasunstableandbending.Aftercarefulconsiderationandasecondopinionfromanotherprofessional,Iagreedtosurgeryyetinthenearterm.Needlesstosay,thepastmonthshavebeentoughandthewayaheadwillbeeventougher.Kayakingwithmygrandsonsinthepeacefulnessofthelakeisalloutofreach,fornow.WhenImetmyphysicaltherapistforthefirsttime,Iwasamess.Helistenedtomeoutlinemyhistorywithtearsandthencalmlysaid,“Youhavetomakefriendswithyourbody.”Ihaverepeatedthatlinetomyselfdailyandworkedtoembracemybody.Ihavefocusedongratitude.I’mgratefulthatIdonothaveafataldisease.I’mgratefulthatthebodyIhaveremainsalerttotheworld,lovedbyfamilyandfriends.I’mgratefulthatIamstillmyself.Idon’tknowexactlyhowthefuturewillplayout.ThesurgeonassuresmethatIshouldbeabletogetinmykayakbysummer.ButImayhavetomakefriendswithadifferentbody,onethatismineregardlessoftheshape.4.Whydidtheauthor’sconditionbecomeworse?A.Shedislikedphysicaltherapy.B.Shehurtherbackwhenkayaking.C.Shestillworkeddespitebackpain.D.Shewasunwillingtohaveanoperation.5.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromparagraph3?A.Sheforgottokayakwithhergrandsons.B.Shedecidedtoacceptanoperationrightaway.C.Shecompletelyrecoveredafterphysicaltherapy.D.Sheaskedanotherdoctorforadviceontheoperation.6.Whatchangedtheauthor’sattitudetowardsherbody?A.Herwishtoenjoyretirementlife.B.Herphysicaltherapist’sadvice.C.Herworseningphysicalcondition.D.Herloveforherfamilyandfriends.7.Whichofthefollowingisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.LearningtoacceptmybodyB.EnjoyingmyretirementlifeC.FightingagainstmybackpainD.BeinggratefulforwhatIhaveCRememberMalcolmGladwell’sfamous“10,000-hourrule”fromhisbestsellingbookOutliers?Itproposesthatachievingmasteryinanyfieldrequiresroughly10,000hoursofpractice,emphasizingtheimportanceofearlyprofessionalizationandintensivepracticeforbecominganeliteinaparticularfield.Thisapproach,knownas“deliberatepractice”,encouragessettinggoalsfromayoungage,investingtimeandspecializinginaspecificfield.Onpaper,itsoundslikeagoodpathtosuccess,butwhenwelookatthelivesofeliteathletes,musiciansandscholars,wefindadifferentstory.Inreality,manyindividualswhohaverisentothetopoftheirrespectivefieldstookamorediverseandwindingroute.Theyoftenexploredawiderangeofactivities,gainedabroadskillset,andonlyspecializedatalaterstageinlife.Inotherwords,theideathatonemustknowone’sspecializationfromayoungageisfundamentallywrong.Studieshaveshownthatanapproachcalledthe“samplingperiod”isoftenmoreeffectiveforachievingsuccess.Duringthisphase,individualstryvariousactivities,gaindiverseskills,identifytheirstrengthsandweaknesses,andonlychooseafieldtospecializeinoncetheyhaveaclearerunderstandingoftheirpassionsandabilities.Eliteathletes,forexample,rarelyspecializeinasinglesportataveryyoungage.Instead,theyengageinavarietyofsportsduringtheirformativeyears,whichallowsthemtoacquirebroadphysicalskillsanddiscovertheirinterestsandtalents.Theseearlydiversificationexperiencesprovidevaluablelessonsthatcanbeappliedtotheirchosensports.ConsiderthejourneyofRogerFederer,oneofthegreatesttennisplayersofalltime.Attheageof6,hedabbledinrugby,skiingandwrestling,onlyreturningtotennislater.Thetrialperiodbenefitedhimnotjustbecausehefoundhistruepassionbutalsobecausehisexperiencesinvarioussportsenrichedhistennisgamewithauniquesetofskills.8.Whatdoestheauthorthinkof“10,000-hourrule”?A.It’seffective. B.It’scostly. C.It’sunpractical. D.It’sunproven.9.“Deliberatepractice”stressestheimportanceofthefollowingaspectsexcept______.A.earlygoal-setting B.diverseskills C.focusedpractice D.fieldspecialization10.WhyisRogerFederermentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Toshowthedifficultytobeaneliteathlete.BToprovetheadvantageofthe“samplingperiod”.CTogiveanexampleofapplying“deliberatepractice”.D.Totellusoneofthegreatesttennisplayersofalltime.11.Whichstatementwouldtheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Kidsshouldtrymanykindsofactivities. B.Passioncanbefoundatayoungage.C.Manyfailurescanleadtosuccesses. D.Learntobeanathletesinceyoung.DElectricallypoweredvertical-take-off-and-landing(eVTOL)aircraft—flyingcarsareanideawhosetimehasnotquiteyetcome,butisfastapproaching.Manyfirmsareofferingvariousdesigns.Noneofthese,however,willbeJetson-likefamilyflyingcars.Pivotal,basedinSiliconValley,bycontrasthascraftedsomethingthatpeoplecanpurchaseandpilotthemselves.Helixisasingle-seatvehicle,so“flyingmotorbike”mightbemoreaccurate.Fromnextyear,manypeoplewillbeabletoorderoneforpersonaluse,thoughtheywillnotbeabletotakedeliveryuntilJune.MarcusLengfoundedPivotalin2011,andsomeback-of-the-envelopecalculationshemadesuggestedthatelectriclift-offofahuman-carryingcraft,usingmotorspoweredbythelithium-ionbatteriesoughttowork.HethusbuiltamodelandflewitinthegardenofhishouseinWarkworth,Ontario.Now,afteramelioratingit,thefirmthinksithassomethingmarketable.Theaircrafthas,nevertheless,changedlittleinitsfundamentalsovertheyears.Ithastwopairsofwingsandeightpropellers（螺旋桨）,makingitslightlyresembleasquashed“H”whenseenintheskyfrombelow.Andthereisnoundercarriage.Instead,itsbellyiscurvedinawaysimilartoahumpbackwhale’s,soitrockstostabilityafterlanding.Pilot’slicenceornot,buyerswillstillneedsometrainingtoflyaHelix.Pivotalinsistsonthis.Forthesamereason,thecraft’ssoftwarewillstopthepilotdoinganythingthatdoesnotfititssafetyrules.Andif,despitethis,somethingdoesgowrong,itisfittedwithaparachute（降落伞）.TheHelix’stopspeedisarespectable100kph,butitsrangeisonly30km.Andrefuelingitisabitofapain.Fillingupfromthemainstakesfourandahalfhours,thoughaspecialhigh-powersystemsimilartothoseemployedforelectriccarscanbringthatdownto75minutes.WhileHelixstilldoesn’tcomparetotheflyingcarfromtheJetsons,itcouldbeastepforward.12.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.HelixhasbeenusedinWarkworthwidely.B.Flyingcarswon’tbeallowedforpersonaluse.C.Lengwasthefirstpersontodesignflyingcars.D.Helixisonlysuitableforonepersontodrive.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ameliorating”inparagraph3’mean?A.Testing. B.Driving. C.Improving. D.Repairing.14.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Helix’srelativedevices. B.Helix’strainingprocess.C.Helix’ssafetymeasures. D.Helix’sworkingprinciple.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsHelix?A.Doubtful. B.Objective. C.Indifferent. D.Cautious.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whilesocializingcomesnaturallyforsome,itcanbeastruggleforothers.Shynessisanormal,commonpersonalitytrait(特征).____16____.Ifyou’reoftenhesitanttoengageinsocialsituations,youmayinteractwiththosearoundyouinamorecomfortableway.Weoutlinefourstrategiesforovercomingshynessinlife.GetExcitedAboutANewAdventureYoumayhavebeenshymostofyourlife.____17____.Workingthroughshynessanddevelopingincreasedconfidencemayseemlikeadiscouragingtaskforyou,butviewingthejourneyasanexcitingadventuretopartsunknowncanbeexcitingand,inturn,mayboostyourself-esteem.PayAttentionToYourWords____18____.Talkingtoyourselfinanegativewaywhendescribingyourselfcandamageyourself-confidence.Considerreplacingphraseslike“Iamshy”with“Iamlearningtobemorecomfortable”insocialsituations.Thiscangoalongwaytowardmovingfromshynesstoconfidence.PracticeMindfulness(正念)Mindfulnessinvolvesdrawingyourattentiontothepresentandbeingawareofyourthoughts,feelings,andsurroundings.____19____.Inonestudy,participantsinamindfulnessprogramexperiencedanimprovedviewoftheirself-worth.TakeSmallStepsGettingstartedcanbethehardestpartoflearninghowtobemoresocialforthosewhoareshy.____20____.Youcanstartoutsmall.Trychattingwiththetelleratthebankorthepersonaheadofyouinthecheckoutline.Thiscanhelpyoubuildconfidenceandworkyourwayuptomoredifficultchallenges.A.Ifso,that’sapartofyouthatyou’reusedtoB.SometimesthebestpathtowardaddressingafearisexposureC.MindfulnesscanhelpreducesymptomsofsocialanxietydisorderDTakingtimetotendtoyourappearancecanmakeabigdifferenceE.HowwecommunicateandcharacterizeourselvescanbepowerfulF.However,shynesscanmakeithardforpeopletoconnectwithothersandachievetheirgoalsG.Butengagingwithpeopledoesn’thavetobepracticedasanimportantworkpresentation第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Packingupmyluggage,Ifeltawaveoffear.Maybetomorrow’sflightwouldbe____21____andIdidn’thavetogoafterall—I____22____hoped.ItwasMay2022,andI’d____23____myjobinLondontobeginayear-longjourneyaroundtheworld.Ilovedtotravelandhadbeen____24____tovisitmanycountrieswithfriendsandfamily.Thistime,I’dbetravellingalone,whichwaspretty____25____forawomanwithadisability,thoughIhavelearntto____26____lifeinawheelchairsinceIwas7.Accessibilityisn’tmuchofa(n)____27____insomecountries,butmyfirst____28____onmysolotripwasBali.AlthoughI’densuredmyhotelwouldn’tbeaproblem,Icouldn’t____29____anyrisks.“Ifitdoesn’t____30____,youcanalwayscomehome.”myparents____31____me.ButIwasn’tgoingtogiveupwithouta____32____.InBali,thehotelwhereIstayedwas____33____byakindwomanwhomadesureIhad____34____totheshowerandanythingelseIneeded.Withherhelp,Imadeittoamountain____35____andsawmostoftheisland’ssights.As____36____,theviewfromthetopwasthrilling.Afterthat,ImadethetripupasIwent,stayinginacountryuntilIgot____37____andmovedontothenext.WhereverIwent,suchasAfricaandAsia,Iwasgreatlyimpressedbythe____38____ofstrangershelpingme.____39____,I’dvisitedatotalof66countriesonmyownbyFebruary2023.Now,I’mfully____40____thatadisabilitydoesn’thavetostopapersonfromgettingoutthereandseeingtheworld.21.A.arranged B.analysed C.booked D.cancelled22.A.curiously B.secretly C.doubtfully D.proudly23.A.promised B.proved C.found D.quit24.A.sensitive B.nervous C.fortunate D.unwilling25.A.disappointing B.frightening C.embarrassing D.exciting26.A.objectto B.compareto C.adaptto D.belongto27.A.issue B.experience C.demand D.benefit28.A.collection B.communication C.assumption D.destination29.A.rid B.update C.organize D.tolerate30.A.workout B.settledown C.comeout D.breakdown31.A.believed B.ignored C.helped D.comforted32.A.strategy B.reward C.fight D.support33.A.challenged B.run C.damaged D.suspected34.A.access B.response C.reference D.addiction35.A.village B.range C.peak D.stream36.A.prepared B.explained C.required D.predicted37.A.fascinated B.bored C.accustomed D.amused38.A.cruelty B.stubbornness C.kindness D.selfishness39.A.Tostartwith B.Fromthenon C.Nowandthen D.Soonerorlater40.A.convinced B.guessed C.worried D.questioned第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The78thUnitedNationsGeneralAssemblypassedaresolution(决议)onFriday,officially____41____(announce)theLunarNewYear,alsoknownastheSpringFestival,asaUNfloatingholiday.Expertssaidthemoveshowsthe____42____(significance)influenceofChinesecultureandwillcontribute____43____thepromotionoftheGlobalCivilizationInitiative.TheLunarNewYearnotonlybearstheideasofpeaceandharmony____44____(value)byChinesecivilizationbutalsocarriesthecommonvaluesofhumanitysuchasfamilyharmonyandharmoniouscoexistencebetweenhumans____45____nature.ThereasonwhytheLunarNewYearcanpassnationalbordersandisincreasinglywelcomedbymanycountries____46____(lie)mainlyintherichculturalheritageofChinaandthedrivingforceofglobalization.Astheworld’ssecond-largesteconomy,China’sculturalelementshavespreadalongsideitseconomicinfluence.Inthetr