普通高校专升本英语阅读理解专项强化真题试卷10(题后含答案及解析)

普通高校专升本英语阅读理解专项强化真题试卷10(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.Readingisthoughttobeakindofconversationbetweenthereaderandthetext.Thereaderputsquestions,asitwere,tothetextandgetsanswers.Inthelightoftheseheputsfurtherquestions,andsoon.Formostofthetimethis‘‘conversation”goesonbelowthelevelofconsciousness.Attimes,however,webecomeawareofit.Thisisusuallywhenwearerunningintodifficulties,whenmismatchisoccurringbetweenexpectationsandmeaning.Whensuccessfulmatchingisbeingexperienced,ourquestioningofthetextcontinuesattheunconsciouslevel.Differentpeopleconversewiththetextdifferently.Somestayveryclosetothewordsonthepage:otherstakeoffimaginativelyfromthewords,interpreting,criticizing,analyzingandexamining.Theformerrepresentsakindofcomprehensionwhichiswritteninthetext.Thelatterrepresentshigherlevelsofcomprehension.Thebalancebetweentheseisimportant,especiallyforadvancedreaders.Thereisanotherconversationwhichfromourpointofviewisequallyimportant,andthatistodonotwithwhatisreadbutwithhowitisread.Wecallthisa“process”conversationasopposedtoa“content”conversation.Itisconcernednotwithmeaningbutwiththestrategiesweemployinreading.Ifweareanadvancedreaderourabilitytoholdaprocessconversationwithatextisusuallyprettywelldeveloped.Notsoourabilitytoholdacontentconversation.Itispreciselythiskindofconversationthatisofimportancewhenweareseekingtodevelopourreadingtomeetthenewdemandsbeingplaceduponusbystudyingatahigherlevel.1．Accordingtotheauthor,whenwillourreadingbecomeconscious?A．Whenthereader’sexpectationsmatchwithwhatissaidinthetext.B．Whenthereaderhastroubleunderstandingwhattheauthorsays.C．Whenthereaderaskstoughquestionsandgetsproperanswers.D．Whenthereaderunderstandsatextwithnodifficulties.正确答案：B解析：通过阅读题干，whenwillourreadingbecomeconscious?划线部分就是关键词，而且要知道该词具有同义词aware，意思是“有意识的”；回到原文寻找关键词，在第二段的第一句找到consciousness，在第二句找到aware；接下来的几句就是答案了，thisisusuallywhenwearerunningintodifficulty，本句与选项Bhastroubleunderstanding…．相符，但与D选项中withnodifficulties相悖，所以排除D；且原文第三行的mismatch与A选项中的match相悖，所以排除A；B与D是意思相反的两个选项，答案就在二者之一。所以确定B就是答案。2．Atalowerlevelofcomprehension,readerstendto______.A．readatextslowlyandcarefullyB．readwithoutthinkinghardC．interpretatextintheirownwayD．focusonthemeaningofwordsonly正确答案：D解析：通过阅读题干，atalowerlevelofcomprehension，readerstendto______．划线部分就是关键词，上一题目是第二段，所以本题的目标段应为第三段，在此段中第三行的最后一个字找到higherlevel，正好与我们的目标词是反义词，原文中说thelatterrepresentshigherlevelsofcomprehension，前面出现了他theformer“前者”，说明前者就是thelowerlevel，再从本段前面去寻找，第一段的第一行，somestayveryclosetothewordsonthepage；otherstakeoff…．分号前就是前者，看选项与该部分相符的是D，所以D即为正确答案。3．A“process”conversationhastodowith______.A．theapplicationofreadingstrategiesB．matchingourexpectationswiththemeaningofatextC．thedevelopmentofourabilitytocheckthedetailsD．determiningthemainideaofatext正确答案：A解析：通过阅读题干A“process”conversationhastodowith______．划线部分就是关键词，回到原文中寻找，在最后一段的第二行锁定目标词，A选项中的readingstrategies“阅读策略”与在原文中距离目标词最近，itisconcernednotwithmeaningbutwiththestrategies…，(it代表processconversation，它与策略而不是意义有关)；由此A即为正确答案。4．Accordingtothepassage,itisofgreatimportanceforreadersatahigherleveltomaintainabalancebetween______.A．consciousandunconsciouslevelsofcomprehensionB．thereader’sexpectationsandthemeaningofatextC．lowerandhigherlevelsofcomprehensionD．interpretingandcriticizingatext正确答案：C解析：阅读题干itisofgreatimportanceforreadersatahigherleveltomaintainabalancebetween______．划线部分就是目标词，回到原文中寻找，在倒数第二段的最后一句中锁定目标词balance，以及上句话中的thelatterrepresentshigherlevels…，从上文中可知是维持低水平与高水平的平衡，所以与C选项相符，由此C即为正确答案。Thepovertylineisthelowestincomethatpeopleneedforanacceptablestandardofliving.Peoplewithincomebelowthepovertylineareconsideredpoor.Economistsstudythecausesofpovertyinordertofindsolutionstotheproblem.AbouttenpercentofthepeopleintheUnitedStatesarebelowthepovertyline.However,ifthesepeoplehadstablejobs,theycouldhaveanacceptablestandardofliving.Economistssuggestseveralreasonswhypoorpeopledonothavejobs.Foronething,morethanhalfofthepeopleintheUnitedStatesarenotqualifiedtowork.Over40percentofthepoorpeoplearechildren.Bylaw,childrenlessthan16yearsoldcannotworkinmanyindustries.Andalargenumberofpoorpeopleareold.Manycompaniesdonothirepeopleover65yearsold.Somepooradultsdonotlookforjobsforavarietyofpersonalreasons:theyaresick,theyhavefamilyproblems,ortheydonotbelievethattheycanfindajob.Otherpoorpeoplelookforajobbutcannotfindone.Manypooradultsneverwenttohighschool.Therefore,whentheylookforjobs,theyhavefewskillsthattheycanoffer.Atthepresenttime,thegovernmentthinksitcanreducepovertyinthecountryinthefollowingways.First,ifthenationaleconomygrows,companieshiremoreworkers.Someofthepoormayfindajob,andtheywillnolongerbebelowthepovertyline.Second,ifthegovernmentspendsmoneyonsocialprograms,educationandtrainingforthepoorpeople,thepoorwillhavetheskilltooffer.Thenitismorelikelythattheycanfindjobs.Finally,ifthegovernmentdistributessociety’sincomedifferently,itraisessomepoorpeopleabovethepovertyline.Thegovernmentcollectstaxesfromthenon-poorandgivesmoneytothepoor.Thesepaymentstothepoorarecalledwelfare.Someeconomistsarelookingforbettersolutionstothepovertyproblem.However,atthepresenttime,manypeoplestilldependonwelfaretoliveapoorlife.5．Theauthor’smainpurposetowritethisarticleis______.A．toinformusofwhatthepovertylineisB．toexplainwhysomepeoplearepoorC．tofindsolutionstotheproblemofpovertyD．toshowsympathyforthosepoorpeople正确答案：C解析：通过阅读题干theauthor’smainpurpose，得知此题为主旨大意题型，重点阅读第一段或最后一段的首句和末句。第一段的前两句解释了贫困线的定义及划分，最后一句表明“经济学家研究贫困的原因为了找到问题的解决方法(solution)；最后一段的首句也提到了solution。据此，选择四个选项中有solution的，即C为正确答案。6．HowmanypeopleareconsideredpoorintheUnitedStates?A．Morethan50percent.B．About10percent.C．Over16percent.D．Over40percent.正确答案：B解析：通过阅读选项知道本题与数字有关，本题属于这篇阅读的第二个题，所以目标段应该在第二段，集中在本段中的数字。开头就可看到abouttenpercentofthepeopleintheUnitedStates，且划线部分与本题题干相符，所以选项B即为正确答案。7．MostoftheAmericanpoorpeoplearenotqualifiedforemploymentbecause____.A．theydonothavemotivationtoworkB．theyareill-educatedandhavefewskillsC．theyaretooyoungortoooldtoworkD．theyhavephysicalandfamilyproblems正确答案：C解析：通过阅读题干mostoftheAmericanpoorpeoplearenotqualifiedforemploymentbecause______．划线部分是关键词，回到原文寻找与其相符的目标部分，在第三段中锁定在首句，后面提到的内容都是与年龄有关的内容，第二行中有16yearsold，倒数第二行的最后一个字是65yearsold．这表明主要原因是年龄太小或太大。所以选项中与年龄有关的措辞是C；由此C即为答案。8．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Bettersolutionstothepovertyproblemsarenotyetfound.B．Welfaresystemwillenablepeopletobecomerich.C．Poorpeopleareboundtoberichifrichpeoplehelpthem.D．Employmentisthebestsolutiontothepovertyproblem.正确答案：A解析：通过阅读题干知道本题为推断题(infer)，分析四个选项A和D中都存在solution，而A选项的内容就是本文最后一段的首句的含义。D中具有最高级best，通常在原文中出现最高级时，才有可能选最高级。所以A即为正确答案。A)Onmywayhome,Ihelpedtocatchathiefwhohadrobbedanoldmanofhiswallet.B)OnlyLijunknowshowtogetintouchwithhim.C)AssoonasIwentintotheroom,somebodycametoshowmewheretosit.D)Thedrivertooktheoldladytoanearbyhospitalimmediately.9．司机赶快把老太太送到附近的医院。A．B．C．D．正确答案：D10．我在网家的路上帮忙抓住了一个抢老人钱包的小偷。A．B．C．D．正确答案：A11．只有李军知道怎样与她联系。A．B．C．D．正确答案：B12．我一进屋就有人过来指点我坐在那里。A．B．C．D．正确答案：CA)ItisthebesthotelthatIhaveeverstayedin.B)Childasheis,Tomcanrecitemorethanonehundredpoems.C)Weshouldgivehimachancetoturnoveranewleaf.D)It’sapitythatyoushouldhavefailedinthefinalexamlastterm.13．尽管汤姆还是个孩子，他能背诵一百多首诗歌。A．B．C．D．正确答案：B14．你没能通过上学期的期末考试，真是太遗憾了。A．B．C．D．正确答案：D15．我们应该给他一个改过自新的机会。A．B．C．D．正确答案：C16．这是我所住过的最好的旅馆。A．B．C．D．正确答案：ATopreservefood,thegrowthofbacteria(细菌)mustbecontrolled.Water,warmth,andfoodareallneededforbacteriatobecomestrongandhealthy.Somekindsofbacterianeedair,butotherkindsgrowonlywhenairisabsent.Extremesoftemperature,eitherhotorcold,cankillbacteria.Beforeelectricice-boxeswereinvented,freezingandcoolingwerelimitedbythecoldclimate.Inwarmerregions,foodwascooledbyputtingitintheshade,incoldwaterfromthewell,orinpits(坑)intheground.Cookingwillusuallykillbacteriaifthetemperatureishighenoughandthehightemperaturelastslongenough.Certainmethodsofcookingremovewater,andthisaidsinpreservingfood.Dryingistheoldestandmostcommonmethodofpreservingfood.Foodcanbedriedbythesun,byheatorbycombinationofthetwo.Saltwasusedbymanyhuntingpeople.Whenpeoplebegantoeatvegetables,saltbecameaneededpartoftheirlife.Salthelpstopreservefoodbecauseitslowsorstopsbacteriatogrow.Otherchemicalsbesidessaltareusedinpreservingfood.Somepeopleopposetheuseofchemicalsinfood.Theysaythatthesechemicalsmayharmpeopleifthechemicalscanharmbacteria.17．Howcanwepreservefoodaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A．Bycontrollingthetemperature.B．Byputtingfoodinarefrigerator.C．Bycontrollingthegrowthofbacteria.D．Byputtingfoodinaplacewithoutair.正确答案：C解析：事实细节题。根据文章第一段首句可知，要想保存食物，必须控制细菌的生长，所以C为正确答案。18．Cookingisaneffectivewayinpreservingfoodbecause______.A．allcookingmethodsremovewaterB．cookingcanmakethefoodbecomedryC．thelightincookingcankillbacteriaD．cookingcankillbacteria正确答案：D解析：事实细节题。根据文章第三段第一、二句可知，在一定的条件下(即温度够高、烹饪时间够长)，烹饪法能杀死细菌，因此是一种保存食物的有效方法。19．Themethodofsaltingfood______.A．wasnotusedinthepastB．involvestheuseofchemicalsC．isnotlikedbymostpeopleD．isnolongerusedbyhunter正确答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第三、四句“…Otherchemicalsbesidessaltareusedinpreservingfood．”可知，除了食盐之外，还有其他的化学物质被用来保存食物。注意，besides为“除……之外，还有”之意，故可推出，腌制法包含了化学物质(即食盐)的使用。故选B。20．Whyaremanypeopleagainsttheuseofchemicalstopreservefood?A．Becausechemicalsarenotnecessaryforpreservingfood.B．Becauseasmallquantityofbacteriainfoodisgoodforthebody.C．Becausethosechemicalsthatkillbacteriamaynotbegoodforpeople.D．Becausethereareotherbetterwaystopreservefood.正确答案：C解析：事实细节题。根据文章最后一段最后两句可知，人们反对使用化学物质来保存食物的原因是“thesechemicalsmayharmpeopleif．．．”，C项是其同义转述。故选C。21．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Waysofpreservingfood.B．Thebacteriainourfood.C．Theimportanceofpreservingfood.D．Waysofcookingfood.正确答案：A解析：主旨大意题。在第一段作者介绍了保存食物的原理，从第二段起开始介绍保存食物的各种方法，如冷冻法、烹饪法、晒干法、腌制法等。因此，文章的主旨是保存食物的不同方法。故选A。Maybeten-year-oldElizabethputitbestwhenshesaidtoherfather,“But,Dad,youcan’tbehealthyifyou’redead.“Dad,inahurrytogethomebeforedarksohecouldgoforarun,hadforgottentowearhissafetybelt—amistake75%oftheUSpopulationmakeeveryday.Thebigquestioniswhy.Therehavebeenmanymythsaboutsafetybeltseversincetheirfirstappearanceincarssomefortyyearsago.Thefollowingaretwoofthemostcommon.MythNumberOne:Safetybelts“trap”peopleincarsthatareburningorsinkinginwater.Truth:Sorry,butstudiesshowthatpeopleknockedunconsciousduetonotwearingsafetybeltshaveagreaterchanceofdyingintheseaccidents.Peoplewearingsafetybeltsareusuallyprotectedtothepointofhavingaclearheadtofreethemselvesfromsuchdangeroussituation,nottobetrappedinthem.MythNumberTwo:Safetybeltsaren’tneededatspeedsoflessthan30milesperhour(mph).Truth:Whentwocarstravelingat30mphhiteachother,anunbelteddriverwouldmeetthewindshieldwithaforceequaltodivingheadfirstintothegroundfromaheightof10meters.22．WhydidElizabethsaytoherfather,“But,Dad,youcan’tbehealthyifyou’redead”?A．Hewasdrivingatgreatspeed.B．Hewasrunningacrossthestreet.C．Hedidn’thavehissafetybelton.D．Hedidn’ttakehismedicineontime.正确答案：C解析：推理判断题。从文章第二段可知，父亲急于在天黑前赶回家跑步，而忘了系上安全带。由此可推知，小女孩这样说是因为她爸爸没有系上安全带。故选C。23．Thereasonfatherwasinahurrytogethomewasthathe______.A．wasn’t