高考英语一轮复习 Unit 4 The power of nature高考拆组训练 新人教版选修6-新人教版高三选修6英语试题

Unit4Thepowerofnature阅读理解组块专练——练速度(限时：35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解ATheMetropolitanMuseumofArt,morecommonlyknownas“theMet”，locatedinNewYorkCity,isthelargestartmuseumintheUnitedStates.Itsimpressivepermanentcollectionishometoovertwomillionworks,dividedamongseventeenspecializeddepartments.Itisamongthemostvisitedartmuseumsintheworld.Themainbuildingisoneoftheworld’slargestartgalleries.OnMarch18,2016,themuseumopenedthatMetBreuerMuseum,greatlyenrichingthemuseum’smodernandup­to­dateartprogram.TheMet’spermanentcollectionconsistsofworksofartfromclassicalantiquestoancientEgyptianartifacts(史前古器物),paintingsandsculpturesfromallbutafewoftheEuropeanmasters.ItalsohasanoutstandingcollectionofAmericanandmodernartandproudlyhousesextensiveholdingsofAfrican,Asian,Oceanian,IndianandIslamicart.Visitorscanalsofindlargecollectionsofmusicalinstrumentsandcostumes,aswellasantiqueweaponsfromaroundtheglobe.TheMetropolitaneq\x(语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了位于纽约的大都会艺术博物馆的一些信息。)1．WhatisspecialabouttheMet?A．Itsname. B．Itscollection.C．Itsbuilding. D．Itslocation.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Itsimpressivepermanentcollectionishometoovertwomillionworks,dividedamongseventeenspecializeddepartments.”可知，大都会艺术博物馆的特别之处在于它的收藏。故选B项。2．WhatdoweknowabouttheMet’scollections?A．TheyarefromEuropeanmasters.B．TheymainlycomefromEurope.C．Theyareaboutantiqueweapons.D．Theycoverartsofdifferenttimes.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第二段第一、二句可推知，大都会艺术博物馆的收藏包含了不同时期的艺术品。故选D项。3．WhywastheMetropolitanA．Toshowtheowners’prideinitslargesize.B．Toinvestandmakemoremoneyinthefuture.C．ToofferarteducationtotheAmericanpeople.D．Tobringtheworldwideartists’dreamintoreality.解析：选C推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句“TheyallsharedthesamepassionofbringingartandarteducationtotheAmericanpeople.”可推知，大都会艺术博物馆的建立是为了给美国人民提供艺术教育。故选C项。BArcticseaiceismeltingfasterthanexpected,andthatmeansbigchangesinEarth’sclimatesystem.ThatwarningcomesfromtheWorldMeteorologicalOrganization(WMO).ItsscientistsarecallingfortheestablishmentofanArcticobservatorytohelpdealwithpossibledangerouschangesresultingfromthemeltingice.TheWMObelieveschangesintheArcticareaarelikelyevidenceofacomingdisaster.Itnotedthattemperaturesaroundtheworldcontinuetorise.Thenextyearispredictedtobethehottestyearsincemodernrecord­keepingbegan150yearsago.TheArcticiswarmingatleasttwotimesasfastastheworldaverage,theWMOsaid.ThehighestArcticsealevelsinMarchweresaidtobethelowestonrecord.PetteriTaalasistheWMO’sSecretary­General.Hesaidthatthechangesintheclimatewerehavingaseriousresult.Forexample,hesaid,thetreelineinmountainareasismovingupward.“Therearealsosomespeciesofanimalswhohavedifficultiesincopingwiththesechanges，”Taalassaid.Theseincludepolarbears,Arcticseals,andevensomebirds.Hesaidthechangingclimatewillalsohaveaneffectonfisheries.TaalasalsowarnedthatthemeltingoftheArctic’sfrozenpermafrostcouldreleaselargeamountsofgreenhousegases.Thosegasesaretheonesthatspeeduptheriseoftemperatures.ButthemeltingoftheArcticseaiceisalsoopeningupnewtransportation,travelandexplorationpossibilities.TaalassaidthatlessicecouldcutthetimeittakesforshipstosailbetweenEuropeandEastAsia.OpeningtheArcticwouldalsoincreasetheriskofaccidentsinhazardouswatersandoilspills.Thecold,undevelopedenvironmentismoredifficulttocleanupthanotherareas.TaalascalledfortheestablishmentofanArcticobservatorytostudy,predictandreacttoclimatechange.HesaidthiswouldkeeptransportationinArcticwaterssafe.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了北极冰川加速融化及其带来的影响和应对措施。4．WhichofthefollowingwillbeinfluencedbythewarmingaccordingtoTaalas?A．Environment. B．Transportation.C．Travel. D．Agriculture.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第五段内容可知，Taalas认为北极冰川加速融化是因为气候变暖，而气候变暖会对林木业、动物和渔业造成严重影响，并产生温室气体，这些都是对环境的影响。故选A。5．What’stheadvantageofthemeltingArcticseaiceaccordingtothepassage?A．Itpreventsthegreenhousegasesproducing.B．Itwillmakesummernotashotasbefore.C．AnArcticobservatoryneedstobesetup.D．Itbroadenstrafficandscienceresearch.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第六段第一句“ButthemeltingoftheArcticseaiceisalsoopeningupnewtransportation,travelandexplorationpossibilities.”可知，北极冰川的融化扩大了交通和科学研究的领域。故选D。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hazardous”inParagraph7mean?A．Deepandfreezing. B．Involvingriskordanger.C．Smoothandbalanced. D．Safeandslow.解析：选B词义猜测题。画线词所在句中的“hazardouswatersandoilspills”和下句中的“Thecold,undevelopedenvironment”应属同一类环境。hazardous与“寒冷和未开发的”相对应，应意为“危险的”。故选B。7．Whereisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A．Ageographybook. B．Aschoolbooklet.C．Atravelguide. D．Asciencereport.解析：选D文章出处题。本文主要介绍了北极冰川加速融化及其带来的影响和应对措施，并且文中列举了相关人士的观点，因此本文可能出自科学报告。故选D。COneSundayMalachiBradleywassearchingforwildmushroomsineasternUtahwhenherealizedhehadwanderedtoofarfromthemountainlakewherehewashikingwithhisfatherandsiblings.The10­year­oldboytriedlookingforaroadtoflagdownadriver,buttheareaabout200mileseastofSaltLakeCitywastooremote.Herememberedthesurvivalskillshisfatherhadtaughthimandeventuallyhunkered(蹲下)downbetweenrocksstillwarmfromthesuntoprotecthimselffromthecoldmountainnight.“Itwasstrangenothavinganybodywithme,butIjustkeptgoing.IknewIhadtomakeitback,ormyfamilywouldbereallysad，”MalachisaidonTuesday.Overthenearly30hourshewasmissinginthebackcountry.Hefoundriverwatertodrinkandeventriedunsuccessfullytocatchafishwithaspearmadefromastick.Meanwhile,dozensofsearchandrescueworkersweresearchingtheareaonhorsesandATVs(全地形车),aswellasintheair,buttheycouldn’tspotMalachiinthewoodedarea.Asnightfellandtemperaturedropped,MalachiwrappedhisT­shirtaroundhislegs,huddledinhisjacketandprotectedhimselffromtheweatherbetweentherocks.Theremainingwarmthhelpedhimgetthroughthenight.BackatPaulThenextday,Malachiheardapolicehelicopterflyingoverhead.Heknewthesearchersaboardthecraftcouldn’tseehimthroughthetrees,sohestartedwalkingagainuntilhefoundaclearing.HestayedthereandbrieflyfellasleepuntilasearchplanespottedhimfromtheairandahelicopterlandedtopickhimuponMonday.“Malachiwasfoundaboutfivemilessoutheastofwherehewentmissing，”UintahCountySheriffVanceNortonsaid.Itappearedthathewandereddownadeepandnarrowvalleyandoverahillbeforehefoundtheclearing.Malachisaidhewouldgocampingagain,butnexttimehewouldnotgetawayfromotherpeople.“I’velearnedfrommymistakes，”hesaid.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个在丛林中迷路的小男孩独自求生，并最终获救的故事。8．WhatdidMalachimanagetodotosurvive?A．Buildashelteronhisown.B．Catchafishwithaspear.C．Staybetweenrocksatnight.D．Findaroadtostopapassingcar.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“...eventuallyhunkered(蹲下)downbetweenrocksstillwarmfromthesuntoprotecthimselffromthecoldmountainnight”和第五段中的“Asnightfellandtemperaturedropped...protectedhimselffromtheweatherbetweentherocks.”可知，他蹲在温暖的石头之间来抵御夜晚的寒冷。故选C项。9．HowcouldtheplanespotMalachi?A．Hekeptwavingandshoutingloudly.B．Hestoodonthetopofarock.C．HeusedhisT­shirttomakeasignal.D．Hestayedinanareawithouttreesorbushes.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第七段中的“...sohestartedwalkingagainuntilhefoundaclearing.Hestayedthereandbrieflyfellasleepuntilasearchplanespottedhimfromtheair...”可知，为了让直升机发现他，他找到了一块林中空地。clearing意为“空地”。故选D项。10．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.A．DannyBradleykeptafireburningtolethissonknowthewaybackB．MalachiBradleywassearchingforsomeflowerswhenhegotlostC．MalachialwaysstayedwherehewentmissingandwaitedforrescueD．Malachi’steacheroncetaughthimhowtosurviveinawilderness解析：选A推理判断题。根据第六段中的“BackatPaulLake,hisfather,DannyBradley,andafriendwhohadjoinedthemforthecampingwerekeepingafireburning,hopingtheboymightwanderbackbyhimself.”可知，他的父亲和一个朋友在营地让火一直燃烧，是希望男孩可以自己走回来。故选A项。11．WhatlessondoesMalachiBradleylearnfromtheexperience?A．Bebravewhenindanger.B．Stayclosetootherswhencamping.C．Becautioustotakeanadventure.D．Believeinoneselfwhenfacingdifficulties.解析：选B细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“...butnexttimehewouldnotgetawayfromotherpeople”可知，下一次他不会再离开其他人了。故选B项。DWehaveaproblem,andthestrangethingisthatwenotonlyknowaboutit,butalsocelebrateit.Justtoday,someoneboastedtomethatshewassobusyshe’saveragedfourhoursofsleepanightforthelasttwoweeks.Shewasn’tcomplaining;shewasproudofthefact.Sheisnotalone.Whyaretypicallyrationalpeoplesoirrationalintheirbehavior?Theansweristhatwe’reinthemidstofabubble.Icallit“TheMoreBubble”．Thenatureofbubblesisthatsomethingisabsurdlyovervalueduntil—eventually—thebubblebursts,andwe’releftwonderingwhyweweresoirrationallyanimatedinthefirstplace.Thethingwe’reovervaluingnowistheopinionofdoingitall,havingitall,achievingitall.Thisbubbleisbeingenabledbyacombinationofthreepowerfultrends:smartphones,socialmedia,andextremeconsumerism.Theresultisnotjustinformationoverload,butopinionoverload.Wearemoreawarethanatanytimeinhistoryofwhateveryoneelseisdoingand,therefore,whatweshouldbedoing.Intheprocess,wehavebeensoldabillofgoods:thatsuccessmeansbeingsupermenandsuperwomenwhocangetitalldone.Ofcourse,weboastedaboutbeingbusy—it’scodeforbeingsuccessfulandimportant.Andouranswertotheproblemofmoreisalwaysmore.Weneedmoretechnologytohelpuscreatemoretechnologies.Weneedtoshiftourworkloadtofreeupourowntimetodoyetevenmore.Luckily,thereisasolutiontothepursuitofmore:thepursuitofless,butbetter.Agrowingnumberofpeoplearemakingthischange.IcallthesepeopleEssentialists.Thesepeoplearedesigningtheirlivesaroundwhatisessentialandremovingeverythingelse.Thesepeoplearrangetohaveactualweekends(duringwhichtheyarenotworking).Theycreatetechnology­freezonesintheirhomes.TheytradetimeonFacebookwithcallingthosefewfriendswhoreallymattertothem.Insteadofrunningtodifferentmeetings,theyputspaceontheircalendarstogetimportantworkdone.Sowehavetwochoices:Wecanbeamongthelastpeoplecaughtupin“TheMoreBubble”，orwecanjointhegrowingcommunityofEssentialistsandgetmoreofwhatmattersinouronepreciouslife.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。受智能手机、社交媒体和极端消费主义的影响，许多人乐于说自己很忙，这掩盖了生活的本质。我们应当关注生活中最重要的部分，屏蔽那些无关紧要的事物。12．Whenthewomansaidfortwoweekssheonlysleptforfourhoursanight,________.A．shewasunsatisfiedwithherlifestyleB．shewasaskingforsuggestionsC．shetookprideindoingsoD．sheknewfewpeoplewerelikeher解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Shewasn’tcomplaining;shewasproudofthefact.”可知，当这个女士说自己最近两周每晚只睡四个小时时，她对自己这样做感到自豪。故C项正确。13．WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A．Thecauseandresultof“TheMoreBubble”．B．Theadvantagesof“TheMoreBubble”．C．Thesolutionsto“TheMoreBubble”．D．Thenewtrendsof“TheMoreBubble”．解析：选A段落大意题。通读第四段可知，该段首先分析了“TheMoreBubble”的起因：受智能手机、社交媒体和极端消费主义的影响；接着又分析了“TheMoreBubble”的后果：信息太多、观点太多，吹嘘忙就是成功和重要的秘诀。故A项正确。14．Accordingtothearticle,Essentialistsarethosewho________.A．giveupcertainthingsforwhatmattersinlifeB．prefertochangefrequentlyC．aretiredofinformationandopinionD．areeagertobecomesuccessfulandimportant解析：选A细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句“Thesepeoplearedesigningtheirlivesaroundwhatisessentialandremovingeverythingelse.”可知，Essentialists是指那些为生活中重要的东西而放弃某些不重要的东西的人。故A项正确。15．Wecaninferfromthearticlethattheauthor________“TheMoreBubble”．A．issupportiveof B．isundecidedaboutC．disapprovesof D．wondersabout解析：选C推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“Theresultisnotjustinformationoverload,butopinionoverload.”并结合第四段内容可知，“TheMoreBubble”导致信息膨胀、观点泛滥，从而掩盖了真实的生活；据此可以判断，作者对此持反对态度。故C项正确。Ⅱ.阅读七选五(2018·江西重点中学联考)Therearesomanythingswedoinourdailylivesthathavebecomea“habit”.__1__Howyouanswerthephoneisahabit.Thewayyousitinthecarwhenyoudriveisahabit.Haveyouevertriedtochangethewayyoudosomething,afteryou’vedoneitinacertainwayforsolong?It’snotveryeasytodo.Theminuteyourminddriftstosomethingelse,yougorightbacktotheoldwayofdoingthings.__2__It’sawayofdoingthingsthathasbecomeroutineorcommonplace.Tochangeanexistinghabitorformanewonecanbeatedioustask.Let’spicksomethingfairlyeasytostartwith,likespending15minutesinthemorningreadingtheBible.Ifyouwanttoturnsomethingintoahabitthatyoudoeveryday,youhavetoWANTtodoit.__3__Makeafirmdecisiontodothisonadailybasis.Imprintitinyourmind.Writeseveralnotestoyourselfandputtheminplaceswhereyouwillseethem.Bythealarmclock,onthebathroommirror,ontherefrigeratordoor,inyourbriefcase,andunderyourcarkeysaregoodplacestostart.Afterthenewnesswearsoff,thenyouwillhavetoremindyourself,“Hey,Iforgotto...”Keepusingthenotesifyouhaveto,__4__Somepeoplesayitwilltakeoveramonthtosolidifyitandmakeitsomethingyouwilldowithouthavingtothin