湖南省怀化市2023-2024学年高一年级上册期末考试英语试题

怀化市2023年下期期考试题

高一英语

考试时长：120分钟满分：150分

1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号写在答题卡和该试题卷的封面上，并认真核对

条形码上的姓名、准考证号和科目。

2.考生作答时，选择题和非选择题均须做在答题卡上，在本试题卷上答题无效。考生在答题

卡上按答题卡中注意事项的要求答题。

3.考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。

4.本试题卷共8页，如缺页，考生须声明，否则后果自负。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂

到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题L5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选

项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅

读一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.£9.5.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.

答案是C。

1.Wheredoesthewomanwanttogo?

A.Toariver.B.Toapark.C.Toabridge.

2.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Atravelexperience.B.Acapitalcity.C.Atripplan.

3.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Doctorandpatient.B.Classmates.C.Teacherandstudent.

4.WhydidCathygotoParis?

A.Totravelwithherparents.B.Toimproveherpaintingskills.C.Tovisitherfriends.

5.WhatdoesthemanthinkofMrSmith'stalk?

A.Encouraging.B.Interesting.C.Unbelievable.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项

中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完

后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Howdoesthewomanpay?

A.ByWeChatPay.B.ByAlipay.C.Incash.

7.Howmuchdoesthewomantipthewaiter?

A.$20.B.$30.C.$50.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheflowers?

A.Special.B.Expensive.C.Important.

9.Wherewillthegraduationceremonytakeplace?

A.Inthegym.B.Inthelibrary.C.Inthetheatre.

听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。

10.Howlongistheman'svacation?

A.10days.B.20days.C.30days.

11.Whoisgoingtoreadbooksduringthevacation?

A.Theman.B.Theman'swife.C.Theman'schildren.

12.Whatdoweknowabouttheman'schildren?

A.Theywanttomakenewfriends.

B.Theyareeagertotakethevacation.

C.Theywillbringacalendaronthetrip.

13.Whatwillthewomandothissummer?

A.SailtoEuropetovisitsomerelatives.

B.DrivetoHawaiitogoswimming.

C.FlytoEgypttoseesomefriends.

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14.Wherewillthewomanwork?

A.Inatransportbusiness.B.Inashoppingcentre.C.Inahospital.

15.Howwillthewomangotowork?

A.Bybus.B.Bycar.C.Bytrain.

16Whatistheman'sopiniononparkinginBroadgreen?

A.Itiscostly.B.Itiseasy.C.Itishard.

17.WhatisthedisadvantageofBroadgreen?

A.Itisfarfromtheshoppingplaces.

B.Thereisalotofnoisenearby.

C.Therentsinthatareaarehigh.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18.WhydoTim'sclassmatesHkemakingfriendswithhim?

A.Heisgoodlooking.B.Heissporty.C.Heishelpful.

19.WhatdoesTimlikedoing?

A.Sharingnoteswithhisclassmates.B.WatchingmoviesinEnglish.C.ReadingEnglishstories.

20.WhatdoesTimwanttodointhefuture?

A.Workasateacher.B.Starthisownpany.C.Beeabasketballplayer.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Ifyouhaveeverlosttouchwitholdschoolfriends,youmayfindyourselfwantingtomakecontactagain.

Someteensfindthatcertainschoolfriendsareworthkeepingcontactwithandwanttokeepthefriendshipgoing

strong.

Hangoutatthesameplaces

Onewayyoucangettogetherwitholdfriendsfromyourschoolistogotothesameplacesthattheygoto.If

youstillgotoschooltogether,youprobablyknowwhereeveryonegoesontheweekends.Ifyouareabletogo

theretoo,youmayfindthatyourrelationshipswithyouroldschoolfriendsstartupagain.

Joinsportsteams

Ifyouareathleticandyourformerfriendsaretoo,joiningschoolsportsteamsisagreatwaytocatchupwith

oldfriends.Thisdoesn'tmeanthatyoushouldjoinasportwhichyoudonotlikejustsoyoucanseeyourold

friends.However,ifyoulikesports,wishtojoinateamandyourformerfriendsareonthatteam,thenplayingthe

teamsportsisagreatwaytogettoknowthemagain.

Takepartinschoolclubs

Thereareoftenalotofschoolclubsinwhichteensparticipate.Dependingonyourinterestsandyourformer

friends9interests,youmayjustfindaclubatschool.Sharingamoninterestsuchasaclubactivitywillhelpyouto

havesomethinginmonandsomethingtotalkabout.

1.Whatcanyoudotogettogetherwitholdschoolfriends?

A.You'dbetterjointheschooldanceclubs.B.Youshouldhavedinnerwiththem.

C.Youmaygototheplaceswheretheygo.D.Youcanoftengoshoppingwiththem.

2.Whichactivityisbestforasportslovertocontactoldfriend?

A.Hangingoutatthesameplaces.B.Joiningschoolsportsteams.

C.Takingpartinschoolclubs.D.Participatinginschoolpetitions.

3.Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingthistext?

A.Totelldifferenthobbiesthatstudentshave.B.Tosharevariousinterestingthingsinschool.

C.Tojoinclubswiththesameinterests.D.Togiveadviceoncontactingoldfriends.

【答案】l.C2.B3.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些和老朋友保持联系的方法。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段“Onewayyoucangettogetherwitholdfriendsfromyourschoolistogotothesame

placesthattheygoto.Ifyoustillgotoschooltogether,youprobablyknowwhereeveryonegoesontheweekends.

Ifyouareabletogotheretoo,youmayfindthatyourrelationshipswithyouroldschoolfriendsstartupagain.（有

一种方法可以让你和学校的老朋友聚在一起，那就是去他们常去的地方。如果你们还在一起上学，你可能

知道每个人周末都去哪里。如果你也能去那里，你可能会发现你和老同学的关系又开始了）”可知，你可以

去老同学常去的地方来和老同学聚会。故选C。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段“Ifyouareathleticandyourformerfriendsaretoo,joiningschoolsportsteamsisa

greatwaytocatchupwitholdfriends.Thisdoesn'tmeanthatyoushouldjoinasportwhichyoudonotlikejustso

youcanseeyouroldfriends.However,ifyoulikesports,wishtojoinateamandyourformerfriendsareonthat

team,thenplayingtheteamsportsisagreatwaytogettoknowthemagain.（如果你是运动员，你以前的朋友也

是，加入学校的运动队是一个很好的方式来联系老朋友。这并不意味着你应该参加一项你不喜欢的运动，

这样你就可以看到你的老朋友。然而，如果你喜欢运动，希望加入一个团队，而你以前的朋友是那个团队

的成员，那么参加团队运动是再次了解他们的好方法）”可知，参加学校运动队最适合运动爱好者联络老朋

友。故选B。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段“Ifyouhaveeverlosttouchwitholdschoolfriends,youmayfindyourselfwantingto

makecontactagain.Someteensfindthatcertainschoolfriendsareworthkeepingcontactwithandwanttokeep

thefriendshipgoingstrong.（如果你曾经与老同学失去联系，你可能会发现自己想要再次联系。一些青少年发

现，某些学校的朋友是值得保持联系，并希望保持友谊牢固）”结合文章主要介绍了一些和老朋友保持联系

的方法。可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是提供联系老朋友的建议。故选D。

B

Lights,camera,action!Haveyoueverdreamedofbeingadirector?Atage29,DiDialreadyhasalmost10

yearsofdirectingexperienceunderhisbelt.Throughthemediapanyhefounded,hemakesadvertisingand

promotionalvideos,includingforTsinghuaUniversity.

ForDi,beingadirectoris"anadventurebasedoninterest”.Majoringinjournalism,hegotintodirectingby

chance.66In2013,1cameupwithanideaforTsinghua^admissionsvideobutcouldn'tfindadirector,Disaid."So

Idecidedtobethedirectormyself!Iendedupreallyenjoyingtheprocessofbeingcreativeandworkingwitha

team.ThatwaswhenIknewIwantedtobeadirector.

Whilemanypeoplethinkthatdirectorsareexpertsatart,Difoundthatdirectorsare,infact,expertsat

management.t6Onlyonethirdofmytimeisspentonset.Therestofthetime,I'mdoinglotsofplanningwithmy

customersandcolleagues,hesaid.Thisplanningprocessincludesworkingoutthevideo'sthemewiththeclient,

creatingascript,bringingtogetherthevisualsandtextcontent,andalsomanaginglogisticslikewheretoparkthe

carsandhowtobringelectricitytotheset.

Despitethepressure,Digetsgreatjoyfrommakinganimpactthroughhisworks.In2019,hemadeafilmfor

Tsinghua,whichtellsthestoryofagroupoffirstgenerationcollegestudents.Itwasviewedmorethan15million

timesonsocialmediaandbecameahottop20trendingtopiconSinaWeibo.Beingafirstgenerationcollege

studenthimself,Difeltverypassionateaboutthevideosgoalofinspiringstudentstousetheireducationtomakea

betterlifefortheirfamilies.Onemonthbeforethenationalcollegeentranceexamin2020,Direleasedafeature

filmencouraginghighschoolstudentstokeepworkinghardaftertheexamwaspushedbackbyonemonth.

“IwanttouncoverandshareChina'sstorieswiththeworld,truestoriesofChineseyouthfightingfortheir

dreams,saidDi.

4.WhatdoweknowaboutDiDi?

A.Hestarteddirectingattheageof19.B.Hestudiedfilmdirectingatcollege.

C.Hewantedtobeadirectorwhenyoung.D.HestarredinTsinghua'sadmissionsvideo.

5.WhatdoesDithinkisnecessaryfordirectors?

A.Artisticskill.B.Technicalknowledge.

C.Moneymanagementskill.D.Organizationalskill.

6.WhyarethetwofilmsmentionedinParagraph4?

A.TogiveexamplesofDi?smostpopularworks.B.ToshowhowDiinspirespeoplethroughhisworks.

C.TostresshiscontributionstoTsinghuaUniversity.D.ToprovethepopularityofDiasadirector.

7.WhatdoesDiaimtodothroughhisfilms?

A.Furtherhiscareeroverseas.B.Beefamousandinfluential.

C.TellstoriesofyoungChinesetotheworld.D.Encouragestudentstogotofamousuniversities.

【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位名叫DiDi的年轻导演在自己创办的媒体公司中从事广告和

宣传视频制作工作，通过自己的作品影响他人。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段的“Atage29,DiDialreadyhasalmost10yearsofdirectingexperienceunderhisbelt.（29

岁的迪迪已经有了近10年的导演经验。）”可知，DiDil9岁时开始当导演。故选A。

【5题详解】

细节理解题o根据第三段的“Whilemanypeoplethinkthatdirectorsareexpertsatart,Difoundthatdirectorsare,

infact,expertsatmanagement.t6Onlyonethirdofmytimeisspentonset.Therestofthetime,I'mdoinglotsof

planningwithmycustomersandcolleagues,“hesaid.Thisplanningprocessincludesworkingoutthevideo'stheme

withtheclient,creatingascript,bringingtogetherthevisualsandtextcontent,andalsomanaginglogisticslikewhere

toparkthecarsandhowtobringelectricitytotheset.（虽然很多人认为导演是艺术专家，但迪发现导演实际上

是管理专家。“我只有三分之一的时间花在片场。其余时间，我与客户和同事一起做很多计划，”他说。这

个规划过程包括与客户一起制定视频主题，创建脚本，将视觉和文本内容整合在一起，以及管理物流，比如

在哪里停车以及如何为布景供电。）”可知，DiDi所做的事情是需要组织技能的，因此在DiDi看来组织技

能是导演必备的。故选D。

【6题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段的“In2019,hemadeafilmforTsinghua,whichtellsthestoryofagroupof

firstgenerationcollegestudents.Itwasviewedmorethan15milliontimesonsocialmediaandbecameahottop20

trendingtopiconSinaWeibo.Beingafirstgenerationcollegestudenthimself,Difeltverypassionateaboutthevideos

goalofinspiringstudentstousetheireducationtomakeabetterlifefortheirfamilies.Onemonthbeforethenational

collegeentranceexamin2020,Direleasedafeaturefilmencouraginghighschoolstudentstokeepworkinghard

aftertheexamwaspushedbackbyonemonth.（2019年，他为清华大学拍摄了一部电影，讲述了一群第一代大

学生的故事。该视频在社交媒体上的点击量超过1500万次，并成为新浪微博热门话题前20名之一。作为

第一代大学生，迪对视频的目标充满热情，即激励学生利用所学知识为家人创造更好的生活。在2020年高

考推迟一个月后，迪发布了一部故事片，鼓励高中生继续努力学习。）”可知，本段提到了这两部电影是为

了展示DiDi如何通过他的作品激励人们。故选B。

【7题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段的“"IwanttouncoverandshareChina'sstorieswiththeworld,truestoriesofChinese

youthfightingfortheirdreams,saidDi.（他说：“我想与世界分享中国的故事，中国年轻人为梦想而奋斗的真

实故事。可知，DiDi的目的是通过他的电影向世界讲述中国年轻人的故事。故选C。

C

Mostofushaveheardofthe3Rs:reduce,reuseandrecycle.Itisthecoreprincipleofasustainable（可持续

的）life,butfewofuscanapplyitinourownlives.Now,there5sa"lab"youcanexploreanddiscoveraway

towardlivingsustainably.

3RLabislocatedinXuhuidistrict,Shanghai.Itoffersexhibitions,activitiesandgoodsthatshowcasethe3R

principle.Thekeytoasustainablelife,accordingtoVincentT.M.Fong,the32yearoldfromHongKongwho

createdthelab,istomakeitalongtermpromise.t6Asustainablelifeshouldbesustainableitselfinthefirstplace.

Youcan'tleadasustainablelifeonawhim.Smallandfortablechangesareexactlywhatyouneed,^^Fongsaid.

Thelabregularlyhostsuglyfruitmarkets,offeringthesestrangefruitswhichareoftenthrownawayby

traditionalmarketsandconsumersataquiteattractiveprice."They'rethrownawaysimplybecauseoftheir

appearance.Buyingfruitregardlessofhowtheylookreducesfoodwastesignificantlyinourdailyliffe,“Fong

mented.

Awatertankwithtwotypesofstrawsisanotherequipmentinthelab."Onetypeismadefromnormalplastics

widelyusedinourdailylifewhiletheotherisfromPHA,anewreplacementforplastics,andthewaterissourced

fromtheSuzhouRiver,9,explainedNiLi,anemployeeofthelab.VisitorscanseehowthePHAstrawsdegrade（降

解）intoathinlayerinjustonemonth,whiletheothersremainunchanged.

“Leadingasustainablelifedoesnotnecessarilymeansacrifice,saidFong.Consuminguglyfruitandusing

degradableplasticsaresmallchangesthataregoodfortheenvironmentandeasytostickto.Onlyinthiswaycan

the3Rprinciplebeepartofourlives,headded.

Afterworkingthereforsixmonths,Ni,whowasn'tmindfulofthe3Rprinciplebeforearrivingatthelab,now

useshercupeverytimeshebuysacoffee.t4ThejobhasreshapedmyNisaid.

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“onawhim“inthesecondparagraphprobablymean?

A.Inarush.B.Onaregularbasis.

C.Withoutanyreason.D.Asamonpractice.

9.Whatisthepurposeoftheuglyfruitmarketat3RLab?

A.Toreducefoodwaste.B.Topromotehealthyeating.

C.Tosellnewkindsoffruit.D.Toprovidemoreaffordablefruit,

10.Whatcanthewatertankat3RLabshowtoitsvisitors?

A.Thewaterpollutioncausedbyplastics.B.ThedegradationofPHAstraws.

C.Theinteractionbetweentwotypesofstraws.D.Thedisappearanceofnormalplasticstraws.

11.WhatcanweinferfromthelastparagraphaboutNi?

A.Sheavoidsgoingtotraditionalmarkets.B.Shehasdevotedlesstimetoherhobbies.

C.Shehasgotridofafewbadhabits.D.Sheisleadingalowcarbonlifenow.

【答案】8.A9.A10.B11.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了3R实验室正在探索一种可持续生活方式。

【8题详解】

词句猜测题。根据划线短语的下文“Smallandfortablechangesareexactlywhatyouneed,（小而舒适的改变正

是你所需要的，）”可知，需要小而舒适的改变，也就是说你不可能一时兴起就过上可持续的生活的，所以

推断划线短语的意思是“一时兴起、匆忙地”。故选A项。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第三段“They'rethrownawaysimplybecauseoftheirappearance.Buyingfruit

regardlessofhowtheylookreducesfoodwastesignificantlyinourdailylife,（它们仅仅因为外表而被丢弃。购买

水果，不管它们看起来如何，都能大大减少我们日常生活中的食物浪费，）”可知，3R实验室丑陋水果市

场的目的是为了减少食物浪费。故选A项。

【10题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第四段“VisitorscanseehowthePHAstrawsdegrade（降解）intoathinlayerinjustone

month,whiletheothersremainunchanged.（参观者可以看到PHA吸管是如何在一个月内降解成薄薄的一层，

而其他吸管则保持不变。）”可知，3R实验室的水箱能向参观者展示PHA吸管的降解。故选B项。

【11题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章最后一段uAfterworkingthereforsixmonths,Ni,whowasn'tmindfulofthe3R

principlebeforearrivingatthelab,nowuseshercupeverytimeshebuysacoffee.（在那里工作了六个月后,倪在

来实验室之前并不知道3R原理，现在她每次买咖啡都要用自己的杯子。）”可推知，倪现在过着低碳生

活。故选D项。

D

Theyear2023markedthe20thanniversaryofChina'sfirstmannedspacemission,withYangLiweibeingthe

firstChineseastronauttogotospace.Sincethen,another17astronautshavereachedforthestars.Theselectionof

thefourthgenerationofastronautsbeganin2022andisnowinfullswing.Expertsrevealedhowdifficultthe

trainingisbeforeastronautscanexplorethespace.

Thehumanbodyisnotdesignedforspacelife.Astronautsarefacedwithmultiplechallengesonaspace

mission.Thechangesingravitycanhaveanimpactontheirbodies.Thefeelingofisolationandclosedlivingina

smallspacecraftformonthscandamagetheirmentalhealth.Emergenciesduringmissionschallengetheir

knowledgeandabilitytosolveproblemsunderhugepressure.Soifsnowonderthatastronautshavetomeet

extremelyhighstandardsandgothroughatoughtrainingprogram.

TomakesurethatChineseastronautspletetheirmissionsandreturntoEarthsafely,t6Eighttypes,including

over200subjectsoftraining,wereset,“HuangWeifen,chiefdesigneroftheastronautsystemforChina'smanned

spaceproject,toldCCTVNews.Apartfromphysicalfitnesstraining,italsoincludesbasicscientifictheories,

psychologicalhealth,andmock（模拟的）missions.

Amongthetrainingsubjects,themosttiringoneisunderwatertraining.Thistrainingisdesignedfor

astronautstoadapttothemicrogravityenvironmentinspace.AccordingtoHuang,astronautsstayunderwaterin

suitsweighingover100kilogramsforsixhoursatatime.Waterresistance（阻力）andtheheavysuitmakeevery

moveexhausting.a'NieHaishengoncereportedatwokilogramlossinweightafteroneunderwateitraining

exercise,9,saidHuang.Eachastronautreceivestrainingforatleastthreeandahalfyearsbeforehavingthechance

togotospace.

Whocanbeeastronauts?ThefirstandsecondgenerationsofChineseastronautswereselectedonlyfromthe

ChinesePeople'sLiberationArmyAirForce.However,since2018,whenthethirdgenerationselectionprocess

began,ordinarypeoplehavebeeninvitedtoapply.Theycanflywithpilotastronautstospace.

12.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?

A.Highstandardsastronautsneedtomeet.B.Healthproblemscausedbymicrogravity.

C.Requirementsofthetoughastronauttraining.D.Differentchallengesastronautsfaceinspace.

13.Whichisthemostphysicallydemandingforitsparticipantsaccordingtothearticle?

A.Mockmission.B.Underwatertraining.

C.Physicalfitnesstraining.D.Scientifictheorylearning.

14.WhydidHuangmentionNieHaishertg'stwokilogramweightloss?

A.Tostresshowchallengingthetrainingis.B.TodescribeNie'spersonalachievements.

C.Tointroducetheweightlimitforastronauts.D.Toexplaintheimportanceofpropertraining.

15.Whatisthemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?

A.TheQualitiesofBeinganAstronautB.AstronautsFacedwithMultipleChallenges

C.PreparingtheMindandBodyforSpaceD.The20thAnniversaryofChina'sSpaceMission

【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国第四代航天员的选拔已经开始，并且正在如火如荼地进行中。

专家透露，成为一名宇航员需要经历极其艰苦的训练，包括身体、心理和模拟任务等方面的训练。

【12题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第二段^Astronautsarefacedwithmultiplechallengesonaspacemission.Thechangesin

gravitycanhaveanimpactontheirbodies.Thefeelingofisolationandclosedlivinginasmallspacecraftfor

monthscandamagetheirmentalhealth.Emergenciesduringmissionschallengetheirknowledgeandabilityto

solveproblemsunderhugepressure.（宇航员在太空任务中面临着多重挑战。重力的变化会对他们的身体产生

影响。在小宇宙飞船中生活数月的孤立感和封闭感会损害他们的心理健康。任务期间的紧急情况挑战了他

们在巨大压力下解决问题的知识和能力。）”可知，第二段主要讨论了宇航员在太空中面临的各种挑战。故

选D。

【13题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段“Amongthetrainingsubjects,themosttiringoneisunderwatertraining.（在训练科目

中，最累人的是水下训练。）”可知，水下训练对参与者的体力要求最高。故选B。

【14题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段“Thistrainingisdesignedforastronautstoadapttothemicrogravityenvironmentin

space.AccordingtoHuang,astronautsstayunderwaterinsuitsweighingover100kilogramsforsixhoursatatime.

Waterresistance（阻力）andtheheavysuitmakeeverymoveexhausting.t6NieHaishengoncereporteda

twokilogramlossinweightafteroneunderwateitrainingexercise,9,saidHuang.（这项训|练是为宇航员适应太空

微重力环境而设计的。据黄说，宇航员穿着重达100多公斤的宇航服，一次在水下呆6个小时。水的阻力

和沉重的衣服使每一个动作都筋疲力尽。“聂海胜曾经报告说，在一次水下训练后，他的体重减轻了两公

斤。"黄说）”可知，黄提到聂海胜的两公斤体重损失是为了强调训练的挑战性有多大。故选A。

【15题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第三段“Apartfromphysicalfitnesstraining,italsoincludesbasicscientifictheories,

psychologicalhealth,andmock（模拟的）missions.（除了体能训练，它还包括基础科学理论、心理健康和模拟

任务。）”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了成为一名宇航员需要经历极其艰苦的训练，包括身体、心理和模拟

任务等方面的训练。所以选择项C"PreparingtheMindandBodyforSpace（为太空做好身心准备）”作为文

章标题最为合适。故选C。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12・5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选

项。

MinorColdisthe23rdsolartermofthe24traditionalChinesesolarterms.FormostareasofChina,itmarks

thestartofthecoldestdaysoftheyear.Still,bittercoldcan'tpreventpeoplefromenjoyingtheirlives.16

EnjoyMuttonhotpotandbakedsweetpotato.

Muttonhotpot,andbakedsweetpotatoaretworemendedfoodsforMinorCold.17Itcanhelp

preventcoldfromharmingtheirorgans.Theyangenergyinthethreetypesoffoodisstrengthenedthroughtheir

methodofcooking:boiling,stirfryingandbaking.

EatLabaporridge.

AnotherimportanttraditionalfoodforMinorColdisLabaporridge.18LocalpeopleinBeijing

oftencookLabaporridgeonthenightoftheseventhdayofthetwelfthlunarmonth.Afteronenight'sslow

simmering,alltheingredientsmeltintotheporridgeinthemorningoftheeighthday,beingawarmdelicacyto

enjoyoncolddays.

19

PeopleinNanjingusedtotakeMinorColdquiteseriously,andtheystillkeepacustomofeatingvegetable

ricetocelebratethissolarterm.Thericeissteamedwithaijiaohuang,sausageandsaltedduckthatareallthe

specialtiesinNanjing.

MakeChinesetraditionalherbalmedicine.

20Manypeopleneedthemtopreparenewmedicines,whichwillbeconsumedbeforetheLunar

NewYear.

A.StockupforNewYear.

B.TasteNanjingvegetablerice.

C.Itismadefromover20kindsofnuts,cerealsanddriedfruits.

D.MinorColdisalsothebusiesttimefordoctorsandpharmacies,

E.HerearesomethingsthathelpusstaywarmduringMinorCold.

EBeef,sesameandwalnutsarealsogoodchoicesforMinorCold.

G.AccordingtoChinesetradition,peopleeatfoodcontainingmoreyangenergy.

【答案】16.E17.G18.C19.B20.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了小寒，以及一些小寒的一些饮食习俗。

【16题详解】

I艮据上文“MinorColdisthe23rdsolartermofthe24traditionalChinesesolarterms.FormostareasofChina,it

marksthestartofthecoldestdaysoftheyear.Still,bittercoldcan,tpreventpeoplefi-omenjoyingtheirlives.（〃、寒

是中国传统二十四节气中的第23个节气。对于中国大部分地区来说，这标志着一年中最冷的日子的开

始。尽管如此，严寒并不能阻止人们享受生活）”以及后文主要介绍小寒的一些饮食习俗可知，有一些食物

可以帮助人们御寒。故E选项“这里有一些东西可以帮助我们在小寒期间保持温暖”符合语境，故选E。

【17题详解】

根据上文“Muttonhotpot,andbakedsweetpotatoaretworemendedfoodsforMinorCold.（羊肉火锅和烤红薯

是小寒的两种推荐食物）“以及后文"Itcanhelppreventcoldfromharmingtheirorgans.Theyangenergyinthe

threetypesoffoodisstrengthenedthroughtheirmethodofcooking:boiling,stirfryingandbaking.（它可以帮助防

止寒冷伤害他们的器官。这三种食物的阳气是通过它们的烹饪方法来增强的：煮、炒、烤）”可知，本句说

明吃羊肉和红薯是因为属于阳性食物。故G选项“根据中国的传统，人们吃含有更多阳气的食物”符合语

境，故选G。

【18题详解】

根据上文uAnotherimportanttraditionalfoodforMinorColdisLabaporridge.（小寒另一种重要的传统食物是

腊八粥）”可知，本句承接上文，说明腊八粥是用什么制作的。故C选项”它是由20多种坚果、谷物和干

果制成的”符合语境，故选C。

【19题详解】

根据本段内容"PeopleinNanjingusedtotakeMinorColdquiteseriously,andtheystillkeepacustomofeating

vegetablericetocelebratethissolarterm.Thericeissteamedwithaijiaohuang,sausageandsaltedduckthatareall

thespecialtiesinNanjing.（南京人过去很重视小寒，他们仍然保留着吃蔬菜饭来庆祝这个节气的习俗。米饭

是用南京的特色菜艾椒黄、香肠和咸鸭肉蒸的）”可知，本段主要介绍了南京蔬菜饭，故B选项“品尝南

京蔬菜饭”符合语境，故选B。

[20题详解】

根据后文“Manypeopleneedthemtopreparenewmedicines,whichwillbeconsumedbeforetheLunarNew

Year.（许多人需要他们来准备新的药物，这些药物将在农历新年前被消耗掉）”可知，后文提到了人们需要

某些人来准备新的药物，可推测是医疗方面的人员。故D选项“小寒也是医生和药房最忙的时候”符合语

境，故选D。

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

“Nothingwilleverbethesameagain”,Allysaidtoherself.

Ally'sfatherdiedlastsummer.Itwasn'tfair,Allythought.Dadwasyoungandhadneverbeen21.

Whyhadhisheartsuddenlystopped?Ally22slowlyintoherfather^favoritechairandlookedathis

pictureonthebookcase.Allysmiled,a4Imissyou,Dads”.

Shefeltahand23herhairandlookedup."Whydon'tyoueoutsidewithme,Ally?”hermother

asked.t6Thebirdsare24inthewoods.Bythistimelastyearyou'dalreadytakendozensofpictures.^^

Buthermothermustknow25wouldn'tbethesamethisyear.Howcoulditbe?Ally26.

Eversinceshecouldremember,sheandDadhadbeena27、searchingthewoodsforthespecialwood

warbler（林莺）."I'llbeoutinawhile,“sheanswered.

Afterhermotherleft,AllyreachedforthephotoalbumsheandDadhadputtogether.Onthecoverwasa

photoofatinyyellow28withbluegraywingsandblackeyes.Dadcutitfromalocalnewspaper.Ally

smiled,rememberingthe29lookonDad'sfacewhenheshowedhertheprettybird.

"Ican'tbelievesomeone30thislittleguywayuphereinNewJersey,hesaid.uWoodwarblersare

usuallyfoundinthesouth,notthisfarnorth.Ibetifwesearch31,Ally,we'llseethislittleguytogether

someday.^^Allyclosedhereyes.Shelovedthinkingaboutthetimes