黄金卷07-【赢在高考黄金8卷】备战2024年高考英语模拟卷（北京专用）含解析

【赢在高考·黄金8卷】备战2024年高考英语模拟卷（北京专用）黄金卷07（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分知识运用（共两节,满分30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Asabiologistandphotographer,Ialwaystakemycameraeverywheretotakepicturesofwildanimals.Oneday,Iwasstandingonaboatwhenaverylargefemaleleopardseal(海豹)swamby.Iputonmydivingequipmentandgrabbedmy1.Iwasfrightenedbecauseshewassobig.Mymouthwasdry,andIcouldn’teven2.ButIknewitwastimeto3thismysteriouscreature.Ijumpedintothefreezingwater.Immediately,thesealswamtowardsme.Thensheputmyentirecameraandmuchofmyheadintohermouth.Thinkingthismustbeasignof4,Idecidedtostayverycalm.Althoughthesealwasshowingmeherteeth,Itriednotto5anyfear.Shediditafewmoretimes,andthenswamaway.Tomy6,shecamebackwithalivepenguin.Andsheevenshowedmehowtoeatit.Thenshepushedthepenguinintomycamera—shethoughtthecamerawasmymouth!Beingabiologist,Iunderstoodthatshewastryingto7me.ButIthoughtthatshewasreallytryingtocommunicatewithme.Atthispoint,shedidn’tseemvery8.Shestayedbymeandtookcareofmeforfourdays.Igotmanyamazingpicturesduringthosefourdays.And,moreimportantly,I’velearnedthatanimalsdonotalwaysbehavethewaywe9.Ibelievethe10experienceIhadwiththispowerfulandintelligentanimalwillstaywithmeforever.1．A．knife B．bag C．camera D．gun2．A．escape B．make C．move D．fight3．A．approach B．adopt C．imagine D．rescue4．A．respect B．sympathy C．reward D．threat5．A．confirm B．expose C．overcome D．reduce6．A．satisfaction B．regret C．surprise D．sorrow7．A．feed B．comfort C．attack D．assess8．A．reliable B．dangerous C．sensitive D．ambitious9．A．admire B．promise C．demand D．expect10．A．confusing B．similar C．incredible D．bitter第二节语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）A阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Gratitudeismorethanjustsaying“thankyou”.Gratitudeisadeeperappreciationforsomeoneorsomething.Expressinggratitudemakesusfeelapositiveemotion.Overthepastthirtyyears,there11(be)manystudiesshowingthatwritingagratitudelettertoanotherpersonoffersusanopportunity12(escape)fromnegativeemotions.Evenifwedon’tshareourwritingwithanyone,theactofcompletingtheexercisealonemakesushappierand13(satisfied)withlife.Themoreweexpressgratitude,themorepositivewefeel.B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AccordingtoChinaDaily,thesummerof2022becamethehottestsinceChina’smeteorological(气象学的)records14(begin).Theweatherforecastreportedthatthehightemperatureinsomeareascouldreach40℃,15(possible)breakingrecords.16(affect)bythehightemperatures,someareasexperienceddroughtandadecreaseinagriculturalproduction.Peopleandgovernmentsshouldbepreparedtodomoretotackleclimatechange.C阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Usually,stressisseenasbeingbad,butthisisnotalwaystrue.Eustress(积极压力)isthepositivetermforstress.It17(relate)towell-beingandpositiveattitudes.Eustressoccurswhenthegapbetweenwhatonehasandwhatonewantsis18(slight)pushed.Eustresscreatesabetterenvironmentforpeople,which19(make)themperformbetterandcostless.Therefore,Eustressisnecessary20achievement.第二部分阅读理解（共两节,38分）第一节（共14小题;每小题2分,共28分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AOneofthebestwaystoimproveourcommunitiesisthroughvolunteerwork.AccordingtoareportfromUnitedNationsVolunteers,itisestimatedthat140millionpeoplevolunteerineverynationandinavarietyofsettings.Forbesreportsthatresearchhasshownthatvolunteeringcangreatlybenefitvolunteers.Thesebenefitsincludeanincreasedsenseofproductivity,thedevelopmentofnewskills,resume-buildingexperience,improvedphysicalhealth,andtheemotionalrewardsthatcomewithothersappreciatingyouandyourefforts.Herearesometypesforyoutojoininlocalcommunities.SportsvolunteeringYoudon’tneedtobegoodatthesportinwhichyouwishtovolunteer.Someofthemostimportantcharacteristicsincludeenthusiasmandinterest.Yoursportsorganisationshouldputyouthroughanyqualificationsthatyouneedtocarryoutyourrole.Mostpeoplevolunteeronaveragetwoorthreehoursaweek,buttherearealsoopportunitiestovolunteermoreorlessoften.SupporttheRedCrossRedCrossisanorganizationthathelpswithdisasterrelief,blooddonations,andmore.BeingaRedCrossvolunteerprovidesexperienceinthemedicalfieldandallowsyoutohelpthoseinneed.TheRedCrossrespondstodisastersnationwideandhelpscommunitiesrecover.Itmaybedifficulttoseedamagedcommunities,butyoucouldhaveapartinassistingthemtorecover.Inaddition,youmaymeetnewfriendsalongtheway.OrganizeaSummerReadingProgramSummerreadingprogramsareonewaytokeepchildren’sreadingskillsactiveandtheirmindfreshduringthewholesummervacation.Organizingasummerreadingprogramisanexcellentwaytogetkidstoreadabook,broadentheirvocabulary,andlearnsomethingnew.Youcanshareyourfavoritebooks,offerprizestochildrenwhomeettheirgoals,andturntheprogramintoafriendlycompetition,allwhileteachingchildrentheimportanceofreading.21．Whatrequirementsdoyouneedtomeetifyouwanttovolunteerforsports?A．Befondofsports. B．Followthefixedschedule.C．Havepastthequalificationtests. D．Begoodatvariouskindsofsports.22．Thesummerreadingprogramcanhelpkidsto.A．sharetheirfavoritebooksB．organizebookreadingcompetitionsC．reviewwhattheyhavelearnedinschoolD．enrichtheirreadingexperienceinsummer23．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Tohelpmanagethelocalcommunity.B．Tointroducethecommunitiesinneed.C．Tointroducedifferentvolunteerprograms.D．Toshowthebenefitsofdoingvolunteerwork.BInfluencedbyherfamily,XustartedtolearnthecraftofmakingChineseknotsathome,butdidn’texpectthepastimetochangeherlifeatfirst.Xubecameacity-levelinheritorofthisprovincial-levelintangibleculturalheritagein2009,andhasbeendevotedtodevelopingthecraftsincethen.Asafanofphotography,sheoftentookphotosofdragonflies,butterfliesandflowersaroundalakenotfarfromherhome,thenshemadeknotsresemblingthem,andpostedthephotosonawebsite.Thatattractedtheattentionofsomepeople.Asanadvertisingdesignmajor,shemakesinnovatedknotsbasedonherknowledgeofdesign,andcanusevariousthreadstomakesmall,exquisitedesigns.ShehascreatedmanyseriesofworksbasedontraditionalChineseculture,suchasfestivals,teaandPekingOperacharacters.“ShowingChineseculturethroughtraditionalChinesecrafts—thatistheoriginalaspirationformeasaninheritoroftheintangibleculturalheritage,”saysXu.Shehasmademorethan3,000designs,andevenopenedtwoofflinebranchstores.Herproductsincludedecorationsofdifferentsizesthatcanbeputonwalls,carornaments,cellphonechainsandjewelry.“Ibelieveourintangibleculturalheritagecanbebetterdevelopedandpasseddownwhenitmeetspeople’sneedsindailylife,”saysXu.Chen,anonlinefollower,hasbeenteachinghowtomakeknotsintheUnitedArabEmirates.“InfluencedbyXu’swork,Ilearnthecrafttocultivatemytemperament,andIalsoteachchildrentobetterunderstandChineseculture,”saysChen.“ChinesecultureispopularintheUAE,andIoftenmakesomeknotswithChineseelementsforlocalpeopleasgifts.”Xuhasalsobeengenerousinhelpingothers.Shetaughtthisarttoworkerswholosttheirjobsinherhometown,allowingthemtomasteraskillfromwhichtheycouldearnanincome.Studentsandpeoplewithdisabilitieswerealsobeneficiaries.Indeed,morethan20peoplewithdisabilitiesnowactuallyworkforher.Despitethesuccessofhercareer,Xusaysworkingonthecrafthasbenefitedhermoreinaspiritualway.“Tyingknotsrequiresconcentration,andyoumustnotbedistractedduringtheprocess.Ithastrainedmetodealwithmattersinacalm,peacefulandrationalway,”saysXu.“Ibelievethelifeofonepersonisshort,andyouhavetherighttodecidehowtospendit.”24．Withtheknowledgeofdesign,Xucan________.A．postplentyofattractivephotosonthewebsiteB．drawthePekingOperacharactersmorevividlyC．makemanycreativeknotsrelatedtoChinesecultureD．takemanyprofessionalphotosofanimalsandflowers25．WhatcanwelearnaboutXu?A．Sheplanstoopenmoreofflinebranchstoresabroad.B．Shedesignsproductswithafocusonpeople’severydayneeds.C．Sheiswell-knownforteachinghowtomakeknotsintheUAE.D．Shewantstohelpdisabledstudentsimprovetheirconcentration.26．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeXu?A．Honestandeasy-going. B．Modestandstrong-willed.C．Humorousandhard-working. D．Innovativeandkind-hearted.27．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A．TraditionalChineseCraftsGoGlobalB．ChineseKnot-making,aSkillNottobeIgnoredC．TraditionalChineseCultureBecomesFashionableD．ChineseKnot-making,aChancefortheUnemployedCTherearehundredsofbacterial(细菌的)speciesinourstomach.Bacterialdiversityisagoodthing,ageneralcontributortoandmarkerofgoodhealth.Butwhatdoesahealthystomachlooklike?Studiesindicatethatthecompositionvariesbymanyfactors.Oneofthemostimportant,itturnsout,iswhoyoucurrentlylivewith.Researchershavecometotheconclusion:Dietandheritability(遗传力)areknowntoaffectthemicrobiome(微生物组),butsocialrelationshipsshapeitmost—especiallywhenitcomestomarriage.TheDutchProject,whichstudiedmicrobesin8,208individualsbelongingtothreegenerations,findsthattheheritabilityofmicrobesisonly1.9percent.Theynoticedmuchgreatersimilarityamongtheunrelatedindividualssharingahouseholdthanamongrelativeswhodonotsharehouseholds,includingtwinswhoselivingsituationsdifferinadulthood.Theresearchersfoundthatnearly50percentofmicrobialtypesweresignificantlyaffectedbycohabitation.Ingeneral,themicrobiomesofalltypesofcohabitors(includingparentsandchildren)weremoresimilarthanthoseofparticipantslivingseparatelynomattertheirrelatedness.Marriedcoupleswhoreporthavingaclose,lovingrelationshiphavethemostsimilarity.Evidenceofmicrobialsharing,especiallyofrarespecies,showsexchangesthroughinteractions.Andthatputshighlightonactsofcloserelationship—includingkissing.Scientistshaveknownfordecadesthatsocialrelationships,especiallymarriage,powerfullyaffecthealth.Notonlyarethemicrobiomesofcohabitingcouplesmoresimilartoeachother;theyalsoaremoresimilarlydiverse.Thereisagreaterrichnessofspeciesthaninunmarried,noncohabitingindividuals.Despitethedominatinginfluenceofaclose,cohabitingrelationship,themicrobiomecanbedifferentindiet,especiallyonerichinplantfiber.Itcanalsobeinfluencedbybehavior,suchasfarmingandgardeningandexercise.Moreover,it’sadaptabletoenvironment—greenspaceandpollutantsaroundyou.Livinginaruralenvironmentbringsincreasesinbacterialinkedtohealth,anddecreasesinbacteriathatareharmful.Livingwithpetsalsohasapositiveeffectonthemicrobiome,whileexposuretoairpollution,especiallycarexhaust,andpassiveexposuretocigarettesmokehavenegativeeffects.Itcanalsobeaffectedbydirectadditionofspecificspeciesofbacteria,deliveredinconsumableprobiotics(口服益生菌).Thereareprobioticsnowmarketedfordigestivehealth,othersaimedatimmunehealth,andstillothersforboostingmood.Nowthatit’sclearthatsocialrelationsplaythelargestroleinthemakeupofthemicrobiome,canprobioticsforsinglesbefarbehind?28．Whichgrouphasthemostsimilarmicrobiomes?A．Husbandandwife. B．Adulttwins.C．Grandfatherandgrandson. D．Colleagues.29．Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A．Diethasadominatinginfluenceonmicrobiomes.B．Cohabitationishelpfulforustohaveabalanceddiet.C．Socialrelationsplayasimilarroleassomeprobiotics.D．Themicrobiomesincouplesarelessdiversethansingles.30．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．WhoAretheHealthiestPeople? B．HowDoesSocialLifeAffectOurHealth?C．WhatWillaHealthyStomachLookLike? D．HowDoMicrobiomesWorkinOurBody?DHardlyadaygoesbywithoutacompanytellingusinitsbeautifullycraftedadvertisinghowmuchitcontributestotheenvironmentonourbehalf.Flowersgrowoutofpower-stationchimneys;SUVsarepresentedinnaturalhabitats;oilcompaniesusesunny,friendlylogosandpromisecleanertechnologies-although,infact,theyfailtomakeenoughinvestmentinrenewableoralternativeenergysources.Statisticsaremadeup,andthetiniestecologicalimprovementsareoverstatedinmulti-million-dollaradvertisingcampaigns,whileinthemeantimethegreedysideofthebusinesscontinues.Thisisknownasgreenwashing,whichmeans“makingthingsthatarenotgreenlookgreen”.ThephenomenonhaslongexistedsincethefirstEarthDayin1970,whencompaniesspent$300millionadvertisingthemselvesasgreencompanies—manytimesmorethanthemoneytheyactuallyspentonresearchintopollutionreductionitself.Andthetrendcontinuedoverthefollowingdecadeswhensomeoftheplanet’sworstpolluterstriedtopassthemselvesoffaseco-friendly.Asthepublic’senvironmentalawarenessgrew,sotoodidtheexperienceofcorporatepublicrelationsstrategies,andadvertisersfoundever-more-creativewaystouseagreencurtaintohidedarkmotives.Ofcourse,somebusinessesaregenuinelycommittedtomakingtheworldabetter,greenerplace.Butwhenacompanyspendsmoretimeandmoneyclaimingtobe“green”thanactuallyadoptingbusinesspracticesthatminimizeenvironmentalimpact,itisclearthat,forthem,environmentalismislittlemorethanaconvenientslogan(口号).Theirmessageis“buyourproductsandyouwillendglobalwarming,improveairqualityandsavetheoceans”.Atbest,suchgreenwashingpushesthefacttoitslimits;atworst,ithelpsconcealdeception.Andwhatabouttodaysconsumers?Fewofthemaretrulywell-equippedtomakeinformeddecisionsaboutwhatistrue.Greenwashingisonlypossiblebecauseconsumersoftenbelievewhattheyarebeingtold-whyelsewouldcompaniesdoit?Moreinformationandgreaterawarenessareessential.Analysingthetricksusedbyadvertisersshouldbepartofeveryschoolcurriculum.Non-governmentalorganisationscanspreadtheword.Consumergroupscanpunishthegreenwashingcompanies.Butitisnotenough.Legallyenforceablesystemsmustbeputinplace.Sowhatisalreadybeingdoneaboutplannedattemptstopullthewooloverconsumers’eyes?IntheUnitedStates,theFederalTradeCommissionistakingactionagainstmisleadingadvertisingclaims.FrancehaspublishedGreenClaimsGuidance,stressingthat“anadvertisementmustavoidconveyingamessagecontrarytotheacceptedprinciplesofsustainabledevelopment”.Allofthesesurelyaretheheartofthematter:thetrueimpactofadvertisingisthepromotionofunsustainablelifestyles.Andthereinliestherealdangertoourplanet,adangerwhichcannotbeignoredanylonger.31．Whatcanwelearnaboutgreenwashing?A．Itisanecologicalconcept.B．Itisamarketingtechnique.C．Itisanawarenesscampaign.D．Itisanadvertisinginnovation.32．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“concealdeception”inParagraph3mean?A．Hidethetruth. B．Raisetherisk.C．Exposetheweakness. D．Breakthelimit.33．Whatcanbeinferredaboutmostconsumers?A．Theyarelackinginlegalknowledge.B．Theyhaveencouragedgreenwashing.C．Theymayquestionconsumergroups.D．Theytendtomakesensibledecisions.34．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Actionstofightfalseadvertising.B．Waystoprotectcustomers’interest.C．Attemptstosolveenvironmentalproblems.D．Proposalstoensuresustainabledevelopment.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Anapologycanachievegreatthingsforboththegiversandthereceiversalthoughnobodylikestoadmitthattheywerewrong.Anapologyiscrucialtoourphysicalhealth.Whenweacknowledgethatwearewrongdoersandexpressourguilttoothers,wewillfreeourselvesfromtheuncomfortablestate.Thisactfeelslikeaweightonushasbeenlifted.35Researchshowedthatheartrate,sweatlevelsandfacialtensiondecreasedinvictimsofwrongsevenwhentheysimplyimaginedreceivinganapology.Apologizingaffectsusnotjustphysically,butalsomentally.36Whenpresentedwithanapology,thevictimsmayviewusasimperfecthumanbeingsandfinditeasiertogiveforgiveness.InapowerfulpieceinPsychologyToday,writerBeverlyEngeldescribedhowasimple“I’msorry”fromhermother,afterbeingestrangedfromeachotherforthreeyears,madeherrelievedemotionally.Butlet’sbereal,apologizingcanbedifficult.37Weshouldrecognizeouractiondidhurtsomeoneevenifourintentionmaynothavebeenso.Insteadofmakingexcusesforwhatwedid,trytobearresponsibilityandofferapromisetotakeactionsothatwewillnotrepeatthebehaviorinfuture.38Ofcourse,themosteffectiveapologiesoftenbringacosttoourdignity,sincewehavetoadmitthatwearewronginfrontofothersormanypeople.39Asisknown,itisoneofthemostpositiveactionswecantakewhenwedosomethingwrong—forourselves,theothers,andtherelationship.So,goahead,apologizealittlemoreoftenforthethingsworthapologizingfor.A．Thereareagreed-uponwaystoexpressourapologytoothers.B．It’sawayofshowingthepricewepaidforthewrongedaction.C．Agoodapologyaffectsthehealthofthoseonthereceivingend,too.D．Butthiscanoftenbeminorcomparedtothebenefitsofaproperapology.E．Thismeansweshouldtaketheblameandnottrytojustifyitorexplainitaway.F．Apologizeforwhatyoudidratherthanwhatotherpeoplemighthavethoughtaboutit.G．Ithastheabilitytodisarmothersoftheirangerandtopreventfurthermisunderstandings.第三部分书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。Beforeendinguponasupermarketshelf,anavocado(牛油果)hasproduced1.3kilogramsofcarbonintotheatmosphere.Itsproductionaloneconsumes60gallonsofwater.Despitethis,thefruitwilloftenbethrownawayashouseholdwaste.Householdfoodwasteistheresultofmismanagement.Muchofthewasteisavoidableandthefoodmayhavebeeneatenhaditbeenbettermanaged.Toreducehouseholdfoodwaste,agrowingnumberoffoodretailersdecidetoremovedatelabelling(标签),suchasthe“use-by”or“best-before”date,fromsomefreshfooditems.Paststudieshaveconfirmedtheimportanceofdatelabelling.Almost60%ofwesternEuropeanconsumerssurveyedsaidthey“always”checkdatelabelswhilepurchasing.Butdatelabellinghaslongcomeundercriticismbecausefailuretotrulyunderstanddatelabellingoftenleadstounreasonabledecisionmaking.Indeed,consumerscommonlydon’tacceptedible(可食用的),butdate-expired(过期的)food.Theremovalofdatelabellingisthereforeapromisingstart.Withoutdatelabels,informationthatmayaffectconsumers’understandingofwhatisedible,isremoved.Instead,consumersareencouragedtosense-checkfreshfooditems.Inthecaseofanavocado,theadvicegiventoconsumersisthatwhenripe,itshouldhavea“pleasantandslightlysweetaroma(气味)”,whiletheskinshouldbe“darkgreenorbrown”.Informationisalsoprovidedonhowanavocadoshouldlook,taste,andfeelwhen“overripe”.Itishopedthatabetterinformedconsumerwillbelesslikelytoblindlythrowawayfoodduetoanexpirationdate.40．Whatdofoodretailersdecidetodotoreducehouseholdfoodwaste?41．Whyhasdatelabellinglongbeencriticized?42．Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Ifconsumerscanbebetterinformed,theywillnotacceptedible,butdate-expiredfood.43．Oncedatelabelsareremovedfromsomefreshfooditems,whatproblem(s)mightbecaused?(Inabout40words)第二节(20分)假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校正在为高三毕业典礼征集活动方案。你有意参加，并对活动设计形成了一些想法。请你给英国好友Jim写一封邮件询问他的建议。内容包括：1.介绍设计想法；2.说明设计理由。注意：1.词数100左右;2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【赢在高考·黄金8卷】备战2024年高考英语模拟卷（北京专用）黄金卷07（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分知识运用（共两节,满分30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Asabiologistandphotographer,Ialwaystakemycameraeverywheretotakepicturesofwildanimals.Oneday,Iwasstandingonaboatwhenaverylargefemaleleopardseal(海豹)swamby.Iputonmydivingequipmentandgrabbedmy1.Iwasfrightenedbecauseshewassobig.Mymouthwasdry,andIcouldn’teven2.ButIknewitwastimeto3thismysteriouscreature.Ijumpedintothefreezingwater.Immediately,thesealswamtowardsme.Thensheputmyentirecameraandmuchofmyheadintohermouth.Thinkingthismustbeasignof4,Idecidedtostayverycalm.Althoughthesealwasshowingmeherteeth,Itriednotto5anyfear.Shediditafewmoretimes,andthenswamaway.Tomy6,shecamebackwithalivepenguin.Andsheevenshowedmehowtoeatit.Thenshepushedthepenguinintomycamera—shethoughtthecamerawasmymouth!Beingabiologist,Iunderstoodthatshewastryingto7me.ButIthoughtthatshewasreallytryingtocommunicatewithme.Atthispoint,shedidn’tseemvery8.Shestayedbymeandtookcareofmeforfourdays.Igotmanyamazingpicturesduringthosefourdays.And,moreimportantly,I’velearnedthatanimalsdonotalwaysbehavethewaywe9.Ibelievethe10experienceIhadwiththispowerfulandintelligentanimalwillstaywithmeforever.1．A．knife B．bag C．camera D．gun2．A．escape B．make C．move D．fight3．A．approach B．adopt C．imagine D．rescue4．A．respect B．sympathy C．reward D．threat5．A．confirm B．expose C．overcome D．reduce6．A．satisfaction B．regret C．surprise D．sorrow7．A．feed B．comfort C．attack D．assess8．A．reliable B．dangerous C．sensitive D．ambitious9．A．admire B．promise C．demand D．expect10．A．confusing B．similar C．incredible D．bitter【答案】1．C2．C3．A4．D5．B6．C7．A8．B9．D10．C【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者拍摄海豹的经历及感悟。1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我穿上了潜水设备，拿起了照相机。A.knife刀；B.bag包；C.camera照相机；D.gun枪。根据后文的“Thensheputmyentirecameraandmuchofmyheadintohermouth.”可知，海豹把我的头和相机放在了他的嘴里，所以我是带着相机潜水的。故选C项。2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的嘴唇发干，甚至都无法动弹的了。A.escape逃跑；B.make制作；C.move移动；D.fight斗争。根据前文的“Iwasfrightened”可知，我看见海豹后十分害怕，一动不动地待在那里。故选C项。3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我知道，这是接近这个神秘生物的好时候。。A.approach接近；B.adopt采取；C.imagine想象；D.rescue营救。根据后文的“Ijumpedintothefreezingwater.”可知，我决定跳入水里，近距离观察海豹，所以此处是接近这个海豹。故选A项。4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为这一定是威胁的信号，所以决定保持冷静。A.respect尊重；B.sympathy同情；C.reward回报；D.threat威胁；恐吓。根据前文的“Thensheputmyentirecameraandmuchofmyheadintohermouth.”可知，海豹看到人类后，采取了威胁恐吓人类的做法。故选D项。5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管海豹向我展示它的牙齿，但我尽力不显露出任何害怕。A.confirm确认；B.expose暴露；C.overcome克服；D.reduce减少。根据前文的“Idecidedtostayverycalm.”可知，尽管海豹在威胁我，但我还是尽力保持冷静，不露出害怕的神情。故选B项。6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：使我惊讶的是，它叼着一只活着的企鹅又回来了。A.satisfaction满足；B.regret后悔；C.surprise惊讶；D.sorrow悲伤。根据后文的“shecamebackwithalivepenguin.”可知，我没有想到海豹会去而复返，还带着一只企鹅，所以当它叼着一只活着的企鹅又回来了，我很惊讶。故选C项。7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名生物学家，我理解海豹尝试用企鹅喂我吃。A.feed喂养；B.comfort安慰；C.attack攻击；D.assess评估。根据前文的“Thenshepushedthepenguinintomycamera—shethoughtthecamerawasmymouth!”可知，海豹把照相机当成了我的嘴，把企鹅推到了我的“嘴边”，说明海豹是在喂养我，想让我吃了企鹅。故选A项。8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，它看上去似乎不那么危险了。A.reliable可靠的；B.dangerous危险的；C.sensitive多愁善感的；D.ambitious野心勃勃的。根据后文“Shestayedbymeandtookcareofmeforfourdays.”可知，从那一刻开始，海豹开始信任我，我也不再害怕它了。故选B项。9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：更重要的是，我得知动物的行为并不总是我们预期的那样。A.admire钦佩；B.promise承诺；C.demand要求；D.expect预期，期待；认为。根据前文“Thensheputmyentirecameraandmuchofmyheadintohermouth.”及“Thenshepushedthepenguinintomycamera—shethoughtthecamerawasmymouth!”可知，海豹的行为前后发生了很大的变化，一开始威胁我，后来信任了我，给我分享食物吃。说明海豹并不是像人们认为的那样可怕危险。故选D项。10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我相信与这只强大聪慧的动物在一起的不可思议的体验将伴随我终生。A.confusing令人困惑的；B.similar相似的；C.incredible难以置信的；惊人的；不可思议的；D.bitter痛苦的。根据前文“Shestayedbymeandtookcareofmeforfourdays.”及“Igotmanyamazingpicturesduringthosefourdays.”可知，我与海豹在一起的经历是非常美妙的，不可思议的。故选C项。第二节语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）A阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Gratitudeismorethanjustsaying“thankyou”.Gratitudeisadeeperappreciationforsomeoneorsomething.Expressinggratitudemakesusfeelapositiveemotion.Overthepastthirtyyears,there11(be)manystudiesshowingthatwritingagratitudelettertoanotherpersonoffersusanopportunity12(escape)fromnegativeemotions.Evenifwedon’tshareourwritingwithanyone,theactofcompletingtheexercisealonemakesushappierand13(satisfied)withlife.Themoreweexpressgratitude,themorepositivewefeel.【答案】11．havebeen12．toescape13．moresatisfied【导语】本文为一篇说明文。研究发现：感恩不仅仅是给人道一声“谢谢”，感恩是对某人或某事的更深层次的欣赏，同时也对我们的健康有好处，尤其是以写感谢信来表达感恩的这个方式，能使我们逃离负面情绪的影响。11．考查时态。句意：在过去的三十年里，有许多研究表明，给别人写一封感谢信给我们提供了一个逃离负面情绪的机会。根据时间状语Overthepastthirtyyears，句子谓语