电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版） 课件 Lesson 10 The mobile telephone system (I)

Unit4ElectronicsystemsLesson10TheMobileTelephoneSystem(I)《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》Lesson10TheMobileTelephoneSystem(I)BackgroundsTexttour

LanguageinuseVocabularyStructureReading/writingtechniques2024/5/292《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》Terminologycordlessphonebasestation,mobilestation

dialtone,dialing

antenna

packet-switchingMTSO,MSC,PSTN

TheHistoryofMobileRadioCommunicationBackgrounds2024/5/293《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》Terminology2024/5/294《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》cordlessphone

无绳电话2024/5/295《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》basestation,mobilestation

basestation基站mobilestation移动站2024/5/296《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》Dialtone,dialingAdialis…

Agraduatedsurfaceorfaceonwhichameasurement,suchasspeed,isindicatedbyamovingneedleorpointer.标度盘Thefaceofaclock.钟表针盘Asundial.日晷Thepanelorfaceonaradioortelevisionreceiveronwhichthefrequenciesorchannelsareindicated.调谐度盘Amovablecontrolknoborotherdeviceonaradioortelevisionreceiverusedtochangethefrequency.调谐钮Arotatablediskonatelephonewithnumbersandletters,usedtosignalthenumbertowhichacallismade.电话拨号盘2024/5/297《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》Antenna

天线Ametallicapparatusforsendingorreceivingelectromagneticwaves.alsocalledaerial2024/5/298《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》packet-switching

包交换，分组交换Apacketis…

Asequenceofbinarydigitsincludingdataandcallcontrolsignalsthatisswitchedasacompositewhole.Thedata,callcontrolsignals,andpossiblyerrorcontrolinformation,arearrangedinaspecificformat.

Ashortblockofdataoffixedlengthanddestinationinformation.Itistheunitinwhichinformation(amessage)istransferredinapacket-switchingnetwork.Packetsmayconsistofasmanyas8000bits,andmorefromnodetonodeinthenetwork.2024/5/299《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》MTSO:MobileTelephoneSwitchingOffice

移动电话交换局MSC:MobileSwitchingCenter

移动交换中心PSTN:PublicSwitchedTelephoneNetwork

公共交换电话网MTSO,MSC,PSTN2024/5/2910《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》TheHistoryofMobileRadioCommunication2024/5/2911《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》1880:Hertz–Initialdemonstrationofpracticalradiocommunication1897:Marconi–Radiotransmissiontoatugboatoveran18mipath1921:DetroitPoliceDepartment:--Policecarradiodispatch(2MHz frequencyband)1933:FCC(FederalCommunicationsCommission)–Authorizedfour channelsinthe30to40MHzrange1938:FCC–Ruledforregularservice1946:BellTelephoneLaboratories–152MHz(Simplex)1956:FCC–450MHz(Simplex)1959:BellTelephoneLaboratories–Suggested32MHzbandforhigh capacitymobileradiocommunication1964:FCC–152MHz(FullDuplex)1964:BellTelephoneLaboratories–Activeresearchat800MHz1969:FCC–450MHz(FullDuplex)2024/5/2912《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》1974:FCC–40MHzbandwidthallocationinthe800to900MHzrange1981:FCC–Releaseofcellularlandmobilephoneserviceinthe40MHzbandwidthinthe800to900MHzrangeforcommercialoperation1981:AT&TandRCC(RadioCommonCarrier)reachanagreementtosplit40MHzspectrumintotwo20MHzbands.BandAbelongsto nonwirelineoperators(RCC),andBandBbelongstowireline operators(telephonecompanies).Eachmarkethastwooperators.1982:AT&T

isdivested,andsevenRBOCs(RegionalBellOperating Companies)areformedtomanagethecellularoperations1982:MFJ(ModifiedFinalJudgment)isissuedbythegovernmentDOJ.Alltheoperatorswereprohibitedto(1)operatelong-distance business,(2)provideinformationservices,and(3)domanufacturingbusiness2024/5/2913《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》1983:AmeritechsysteminoperationinChicago1984:Most

RBOCmarketsinoperation1986:FCCallocates5MHzinextendedband1987:FCCmakeslotteryonthesmallMSAandallRSAlicenses1988:TDMA(TimeDivisionMultipleAccess)votedasadigitalcellularstandardinNorthAmerica1992:GSM(GroupeSpecialeMobile)operableinGermanyD2system1993:CDMA(CodeDivisionMultipleAccess)votedasanotherdigitalcellularstandardinNorthAmerica1994:AmericanTDMAoperableinSeattle,Washington1994:PDC(PersonalDigitalCellular)operableinTokyo,Japan1994:TwoofsixbroadbandPCS(PersonalCommunicationService)licensebandsinauction2024/5/2914《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》1995:CDMAoperableinHongKong1996:USCongresspassesTelecommunicationReformActBill1996:TheauctionmoneyforsixbroadbandPCSlicensedbands(120MHz)almostreaches20billionUSdollars1997:BroadbandCDMAconsideredasoneofthethirdgenerationmobilecommunicationtechnologiesforUMTS(UniversalMobile TelecommunicationSystems)duringtheUMTSworkshopconference heldinKorea1999:ITU(InternationalTelecommunicationUnion)decidesthenext generationmobilecommunicationsystems(e.g.,W-CDMA, cdma2000,etc)2024/5/2915《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》TexttourOutlineIntroductionFirst-GenerationMobilePhones:AnalogVoiceAMPS-AdvancedMobilePhoneSystem2024/5/2916《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》Wirelesstelephonescomeintwobasicvarieties:cordlessphonesmobilephonesMobilephoneshavegonethroughthreedistinctgenerations:AnalogvoiceDigitalvoiceDigitalvoiceanddataIntroduction2024/5/2917《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》SomefactsinhistoryMobilephonesinUSvs.inEurope

Introduction2024/5/2918《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》Thefirstsystemforcar-basedtelephoneswassetupinSt.Louisin1946.Suchpush-to-talksystems,wereinstalledinseveralcitiesbeginninginthelate1950s.IMTS(ImprovedMobileTelephoneSystem)wasinstalledinthe1960s.AMPS(AdvancedMobilePhoneSystem),wasfirstinstalledintheUnitedStatesin1982.First-GenerationMobilePhones:AnalogVoice2024/5/2919《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》CellsInallmobilephonesystems,ageographicregionisdividedupintocellsInAMPS,thecellsaretypically10to20kmacrossThecellulardesignincreasesthesystemcapacitybyatleastanorderofmagnitude,moreasthecellsgetsmaller.SmallercellsmeanthatlesspowerisneededAMPS-AdvancedMobilePhoneSystem2024/5/2920《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》TheideaoffrequencyreuseGroupedinunitsofsevencellswithdifferentgroupoffrequencies.Foreachfrequencyset,thereisabufferwherethatfrequencyisnotreused,providingforgoodseparationandlowinterference.AMPS-AdvancedMobilePhoneSystem2024/5/2921《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》(a)

Frequenciesarenotreusedinadjacentcells.(b)Toaddmoreusers,smallercellscanbeused.AMPS-AdvancedMobilePhoneSystem2024/5/2922《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》Basestation,MTSOorMSCAbasestationisatthecenterofeachcellAllthebasestationsareconnectedtoMTSO

TheMTSOscommunicatewiththebasestations,eachother,andthePSTNusingapacket-switchingnetwork.AMPS-AdvancedMobilePhoneSystem2024/5/2923《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》VocabularyHumble,consequent,install,interference,capacity,magnitude,switch

StructureReading/writingtechniquesLanguageinuse2024/5/2924《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》Vocabulary2024/5/2925《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》HumbleindictionaryMarkedbymeeknessormodestyinbehavior,attitude,orspirit;notarrogantorprideful.谦逊的，谦卑的Showingdeferentialorsubmissiverespect低声下气的，顺服的ahumbleapology.Lowinrank,quality,orstation;unpretentiousorlowly卑微的，朴实的ahumblecottage.Tocurtailordestroytheprideof;humiliate.贬抑，使惭愧Tocausetobemeekormodestinspirit.使柔顺，使谦和Togivealowerconditionorstationto;abase.压低，降低2024/5/2926《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》HumbleintextAsecondareawheretheU.S.andEuropedifferedisinthehumblematterofphonenumbers.美国和欧洲另一个不同之处在于“电话号码”这件小事上。

2024/5/2927《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》Humbleinuse

humblelowlymeek

humble指“对自己或自己的地位、成就等表现得谦卑的”,但现在主要指“自感低卑的”Defeatandfailuremakepeoplehumble.lowly为较文雅的用语,指“谦逊”,但很少用以形容人Hehadalowlyheart.meek指“性情的温顺的”、“屈从他人的行为或意见”beasmeekasalamb2024/5/2928《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》ConsequentindictionaryFollowingasanaturaleffect,result,orconclusion:

随之发生的triedtopreventanoilspillandtheconsequentdamagetowildlife.Followingasalogicalconclusion.

必然的Logicallycorrectorconsistent.

合乎逻辑的2024/5/2929《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》ConsequentintextConsequently,theusualruleof‘‘callerpays’’alsoappliestomobilephonesinEurope(exceptforinternationalcallswherecostsaresplit).这样，“主叫付费”的常规也可以应用于欧洲的移动电话（费用分开的国际电话除外）。2024/5/2930《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》Consequentinusebeconsequenton/upon因...而引起的，随...而发生的，是...的后果theconfusionconsequentontheearthquake2024/5/2931《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》InstallindictionaryTosetinpositionandconnectoradjustforuse:

安装installedthenewfurnace.Toinductintoanoffice,arank,oraposition:

任命aceremonytoinstallthenewgovernor.Tosettleinanindicatedplaceorcondition;establish:

安顿installedmyselfinthespareroom.2024/5/2932《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》InstallintextSuchsystems,knownaspush-to-talksystems,wereinstalledinseveralcitiesbeginninginthelate1950s.20世纪50年代末，有几个城市开始架设这样的系统（被称之为“按下－通话系统”)

2024/5/2933《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》InterferenceindictionaryTheactoraninstanceofhindering,obstructing,orimpeding.

妨碍Somethingthathinders,obstructs,orimpedes.

障碍物Thevariationofwaveamplitudethatoccurswhenwavesofthesameornearlythesamefrequencycometogether.

干扰Theinhibitionorpreventionofclearreceptionofbroadcastsignals.

干扰Thedistortedportionofareceivedsignal.

干扰信号2024/5/2934《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》InterferenceindictionaryOnacommunicationslink,noiseorunwantedsignalsthatimpairthereceiptorcorrectinterpretationofspeechordata.Atermusedtodescribeanoperatingcharacteristicofmanysystems.Sinceboththeprocessorandthechannelsrequirestoragecyclesforreferencesfrommainstorage,andonlyoneaccessfromstoragecanbemadeinanygivenstoragecycle,theprocessorandthechannelsmusttime-sharemainstorage.Thiscontentionforstoragecyclesistermedinterference.Theinterferencecharacteristicsofachannelorchannelsareameasureoftheinput/outputcomputeroverlappingcapabilityofacomputersystem.2024/5/2935《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》InterferenceintextAlso,duetothelargepowerofthehilltoptransmitter,adjacentsystemshadtobeseveralhundredkilometersaparttoavoidinterference.此外，位于山顶上的发射机功率很大。为了避免互相干扰，临近系统间必须距离几百公里。

2024/5/2936《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》Interferenceinuse

adjacent-channelinterference邻信道干扰atmosphericinterference天电干扰audiointerference声频信号干扰backdoorinterference后门干扰backgroundinterference背景干扰beatinterference拍频干扰biprisminterference双棱镜干涉2024/5/2937《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》Interferenceinuse

broadbandinterference宽带干扰broadcastinterference广播干扰coloursubcarrierinterference彩色副载波干扰commonmodeinterference共模干扰continuouswaveinterference连续波干扰crosstalkinterference交叉干扰,串话干扰electromageticinterference电磁干扰2024/5/2938《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》Interferenceinuse

harmonicinterference谐波干扰huminterference交流声干扰imagefrequencyinterference像频干扰intermodulationinterference互调干扰intersymbolinterference符号间干扰,码间干扰inversemixtureinterference倒向混频干扰lineinterference线路干扰2024/5/2939《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》Interferenceinuse

mirrorinterference镜象干扰multipathinterference多径干扰near-byinterference近区干扰near-endinterference近端干扰noiseinterference噪声干扰;杂波干扰powerlineinterference电力线干扰power-supplyinterference电源干扰2024/5/2940《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》Interferenceinuse

radiointerference射电干扰,无线电干扰snowinterference“雪花”干扰2024/5/2941《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》CapacityindictionaryTheabilitytoreceive,hold,orabsorb.

接受力，吸收力Ameasureofthisability;volume.

容积；体积Themaximumamountthatcanbecontained

最大容量Abilitytoperformorproduce;capability.

生产力；能力Themaximumoroptimumamountthatcanbeproduced

最大生产量factoriesoperatingbelowcapacity.2024/5/2942《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》CapacityindictionaryThepowertolearnorretainknowledge;mentalability.

学习能力，心智能力；大脑的智力Innatepotentialforgrowth,development,oraccomplishment;faculty.

发展能力；能力Thequalityofbeingsuitablefororreceptivetospecifiedtreatment:

性能，品质2024/5/2943《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》CapacityindictionaryThepositioninwhichonefunctions;role:

职位；角色：inyourcapacityassalesmanager.Legalqualificationorauthority

合法资格或权威：thecapacitytomakeanarrest.Capacitance.

电容2024/5/2944《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》CapacityintextThekeyideathatgivescellularsystemsfarmorecapacitythanprevioussystemsistheuseofrelativelysmallcellsandthereuseoftransmissionfrequenciesinnearby(butnotadjacent)cells.“采用较小蜂窝”和“发射频率重用”使蜂窝系统获得了比以往系统大得多的容量。“发射频率重用”是在附近小区中，而不是在相邻小区中。

2024/5/2945《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》Capacityinuse

atfullcapacity

满功率,满负荷befilled(packed)tocapacity

挤得满满的inone‘scapacityas，inthecapacityof

作为...;以...资格[身分、职位]capacityfor/of/todo ...的能力2024/5/2946《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》MagnitudeindictionaryGreatnessofrankorposition

崇高职务或者地位重要Greatnessinsizeorextent

巨大尺寸或程度Themagnitudeofthefloodwasimpossibletocomprehend.Greatnessinsignificanceorinfluence

重大意义或影响wasshockedbythemagnitudeofthecrisis.Anumberassignedtoaquantitysothatitmaybecomparedwithotherquantities.量值Apropertythatcanbequantitativelydescribed,suchasthevolumeofasphereorthelengthofavector.可量化的值2024/5/2947《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》MagnitudeindictionaryAmeasureoftheamountofenergyreleasedbyanearthquake,asindicatedontheRichterScale.

震级Thedegreeofbrightnessofacelestialbodydesignatedonanumericalscale,onwhichthebrighteststarhasmagnitude-1.4andthefaintestvisiblestarhasmagnitude6,withthescalerulesuchthatadecreaseofoneunitrepresentsanincreaseinapparentbrightnessbyafactorof2.512.

星的亮度2024/5/2948《电子信息工程专业英语教程（第5版）》MagnitudeintextThus,thecellulardesignincreasesthesystemcapacitybyatleastanorderofmagnitude,moreasthecellsgetsm