英语（人教版选修8）课件Unit5Section2WarmingUpReadingLanguagePoints

Unit5

MeetingyourancestorsSectionⅡ

WarmingUp&Reading—LanguagePoints一、将下列单词与所对应的英文解释连线1．alternative

A．somethingyoucanchoosetodooruseinsteadofsomethingelse2．tentative B．belongingtoasimplywayoflifethatexistedinthepastwithoutmodernindustriesandmachines3．sharpen C．tomakesomethinghaveasharperedgeorpoint4．primitive D．toexamineorthinkaboutsomethingcarefully，inordertounderstandit5．analysis E．notdefiniteorcertain，andmaybechangedlater答案：1.A

2.E

3.C

4.B

5.D二、根据所给词性和汉语意思写出英语单词1．_______________n．可能的选择adj.供选择的；其他的→_________v．轮流；交替→____________n．轮流；交替2．________n．挨饿；饿死→______v．使挨饿；使饿死3．_______adj.试探性的；不确定的→_________adv.试探性地→_______________n．试探性；不确定4．_________n．精确；准确→_________adj.准确的；精确的→__________adv.准确地5．__________n．分析→__________(pl.)→__________vt.分析→__________n．分析者alternativealternatealternationstarvationstarvetentativetentativelytentativenessaccuracyaccurateaccuratelyanalysisanalysesanalyzeanalyst6．__________v．打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止→______________n．阻断物；中断7．________vt.假定；设想→_________adj.假设的；假定的→____________n．假定；设想8．_________v．(使)锋利；尖锐；清晰→______adj.锋利的；锐利的→_____________n．磨具；削具9．______adj.足够的；充足的；富裕的→________adv.充分地；充足地10．_______adj.原始的；远古的；简陋的→____________adv.最初地→_______________n．原始；原始性interruptinterruptionassumeassumedassumptionsharpensharpsharpenerampleamplyprimitiveprimitivelyprimitiveness根据汉语意思补全短语1．makeatentativeguess______试探猜测2．compare...______...把……和……相比较3．showsb.______领某人参观4．regardless______不管；不顾5．______thecenterof以……为中心aboutwitharoundofin6．______most至多；最多7．cut______切碎8．keep______关在门外；不准入内9．come______aconclusion得出结论10．differ______不同于at

upouttofrom1．很高兴见到你们这些来自英国并且对考古学感兴趣的学生。__________________________youstudentsfromEngland，whoareinterestedinarchaeology.(it作形式主语，后面的动词不定式作真正的主语。)Itisagreatpleasuretomeet2．我们一直在挖掘一层层的灰烬，几乎有六米厚，这意味着他们可能整个冬天都在烧火。Wehavebeenexcavatinglayersofashalmostsixmetresthick，whichsuggeststhatthey______________________thefireburningallwinter.(“may/might＋have＋过去分词”表示对已经发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测。)mighthavekept3．是的，很正确。正如植物学的分析结果已经告诉我们的，这儿四周曾经是一个很大的浅水湖。Yes，indeed，__________________________________，allthefieldsaroundhereusedtobepartofalargeshallowlake.(as引导的非限制性定语从句，意为“正如……”。)asthebotanicalanalyseshaveshownusidentifyv．确认；识别；鉴别；认出(P37)①Iidentifiedmydictionary.我认出了我的词典。②Canyouidentifyyourbrotherinthispicture?你能在这张照片上认出你哥哥吗？③Miltonidentifiedthesuspectbythescaronhisface.米尔顿通过那人脸上的伤疤认出了他是嫌疑犯。④Heidentifiedhimselfasanoldfriendofthefamily.他自称是这家人的老朋友。⑤Couldyouidentifyyourumbrellaamongahundredumbrellas?你能从100把雨伞中认出你的那一把吗？⑥Heidentifiesbeautywithgoodness.他认为美与善是一致的。⑦Herefusedtoidentifyhimselfwiththenewpoliticalparty.他拒绝与那个新政党来往。(1)identifyamong从……中认出identifyas确认是……identifythrough通过……辨认出identify...with...认为……等同于……identifyoneselfwith.../Sb.beidentifiedwith...与……有关联；支持……(2)identityn．相同；一致；身份；本人identitycard身份证

1．完成句子①Thelittleboycan’t________(辨认出)hisownbag______somanybags.②She____________(认出)themanastherobberlastnight.③Wecan’t_________(认为……与……等同)wealth______health.identifyamongidentifiedidentifywithalternative(P37)adj.(1)两者(或若干)中择一的①Thewaywasblocked，sowewentbyanalternativeroad.这条路被挡住了，因此我们走了另一条路。(2)替代的；供选择的②Therewasnoalternativerouteopentoher.她别无选择。n.(1)选择③Ifyoudon’tliketheschoollunch，youhavethealternativeofbringingyourown.要是你不喜欢学校准备的午餐，你可以自己带饭。(2)供选择的东西(或办法等)④Whatalternativesarethere?还有什么可供选择的？⑤Theyhadnoalternativeinthematter.在这件事上，他们没有选择的余地。(1)alternateadj.交替的；交流的；轮流的v．(使)交流；(使)交替alternate...with...……与……交替/替换(2)analternativeto...……的替代品havethealternativeofdoingsth.有做……的选择havenoalternativebuttodosth.别无选择只好做……[易混辨析]alternative/choice⑥Ifhehasthechoice，hewouldprefertoreturntoacountrylife.如果由他选择，他宁可重新过乡间生活。⑦Youhavethealternativeofleavingorstayingandbehaving.你或是离开，或是留在这里守规矩，两者之间请做选择。2．完成句子我们别无选择只能等待。①Wehave______________________________.②Wecan__________________.③Wecan’t___________________.nochoice/alternativebuttowaitdonothingbutwaitdoanythingbutwaitstarvationn．挨饿；饿死(P37)①Therearestillmanypeoplesufferingfromstarvationintheworldatpresent.现在，世界上仍然有许多人在挨饿。②Morefoodproduced，therewillbelessornostarvation.粮食生产多了，就会减少或杜绝饥饿现象。③Theanimalswerelefttostarvetodeath.那些动物只能等着饿死。④Thepoorminerswerestarvedintosubmission.那些可怜的矿工们被饿得只好屈服。starvevt.&vi.(使)饿死；渴望starvetodeath饿死starveforsth.渴求/需要某物starvetodosth.想要干某事starveosth./doingsth.断绝食物(或资金)来源以迫使某人做某事

3．完成句子①成千上万的牛正在挨饿。Thousandsofcattle____________.②晚饭吃什么？我快要饿死了。What’sforsupper？I’m________________.arestarvingstarvingtodeathawareadj.(P38)(1)明白，知道，意识到①Hewaswellawareoftheproblem.他很清楚这个问题。(2)发觉，察觉到②Sheslippedawaywithouthimbeingawareofit.她悄悄离开了，没有让他察觉。(3)对……有兴趣，对……有意识的③Youngpeoplearemoreenvironmentallyawarethantheirparents.年轻人的环境意识比他们的父辈强。(1)awareadj.知道的；察觉的beawareof...意识到……，察觉到……beawarethat意识到，察觉到unawareadj.没有意识到的(2)awarenessn．意识，觉悟anawarenessof...意识到/认识到……；对……的一种认识/意识developanawarenessof...形成/产生对……的认识/意识raise/increase/heightentheawarenessofsth.加强/增强/提高对某事物的认识

4．完成句子①他们非常清楚公司在亏本。They________________thatthecompanywaslosingmoney.②他已经意识到了这个危险。He___________________thedanger.werewellawarehasbeenawareof③几分钟之后我才意识到发生了什么事。ItwasseveralminutesbeforeI____________________________________.④我没有察觉到他的靠近。I_______________hisapproaching.wasawareofwhatwashappeningwasn’tawareofinterruptvt.打扰，插嘴；暂停(P38)①IhopeI’mnotinterruptingyou.我希望我没有打扰你。②Hisspeechwasconstantlyinterruptedbyapplause.他的讲话频频被掌声所打断。③Heinterruptedhisteacherwithaquestion.他提出一个问题打断了老师。④Shetriedtoexplain，butheinterruptedherinmid­sentence.她试图去解释，但他却在她话说了一半时就打断了她。(1)interrupt...with...用……打断……interrupt...in打断……(2)interruptionn．阻断物；中断时间；打扰withoutinterruption不间断地

⑤Let’sgosomewherewherewecantalkwithoutinterruption.我们去找个说话不受打扰的地方吧。[易混辨析]interrupt/disturb[形象助记]5．完成句子①请你别老是插嘴好吗？Wouldyoumind__________________allthetime?②他们被敲门声打断了。They_____________________aknockatthedoor.③比赛因下雨中断了几次。Thegame_________________severaltimesbyrain.notinterruptingwereinterruptedbywasinterruptedassumevt.(P38)(1)假定，假设，认为①Let’sassumeforamomentthatyouhavepassedtheexam.我们暂时假定你考试及格。(2)承担(责任)，就(职)；取得(权力)②Theparentsassumedtheresponsibilityforthegirl’seducation.这对父母承担了这个女孩受教育的责任。(3)呈现(样子)，显露(特征)③Inthestorythegodassumestheformofaneagle.在这个故事中神以鹰的形象出现。(4)假装④Heassumedanairofconcern.他假装出关心的样子。(1)assumesth.假设……；假装……assumesb./sth.tobe...假定/假设某人/某事为……Itisassumedthat...据认为……(2)assuming(that)．..如果……；假设(3)assumedadj.假定的；假设的(4)assumptionn．假定，假设；假装makeanassumption认为，假定ontheassumptionthat假定

⑤IhavealwaysassumedhimtobeanAmerican.我一直以为他是一位美国人。⑥Assumingthatyourcalculationsareright，weshouldtravelnortheast.如果你的推测是正确的，我们就该往东北方向走。⑦Peopletendtomakeassumptionsaboutyoubasedonyourappearance.人们往往以貌取人。6．完成句子①我本以为他是个诚实的人。I_______________________anhonestman.②一般认为，紧张是工作过重所致。It_____________________thatstressiscausedbytoomuchwork.③如果那是真的，我们怎么办？____________________________________________，whatshallwedo?hadassumedhimtobeisgenerallyassumedAssuming/Providing/Provided/Supposing/Ifitistrueamount(P38)(1)n.总数，总量①Whatistheamountweowethem？我们总共欠他们多少钱？(2)n.数量alarge/huge/enormousamountof＋不可数名词“大量的”theamountof＋不可数名词“……的数量”(3)vi.合计，总共(与to连用)②Thetotalcostofjourneyamountedto$100.旅行费用总共100美元。(4)vi.相当于(与to连用)③Keepingwhatbelongstoothersamountstostealing.将他人物品据为己有等于盗窃。(5)vi.产生……的结果(与to连用)④Whathedidmeanshewillneveramounttoanything.他的所作所为意味着他将来不会有出息。7．完成句子①该服务器是为储存大量数据设计的。Theserverisdesignedtostore___________________data.②据说他每年的酬金高达30万英镑。Hisearningsaresaidto____________￡300,000peryear.③她的答复等于完全拒绝。Heranswer_____________acompleterefusal.hugeamountsofamounttoamountedtoregardlessof不管，不顾(P38)①Hecontinuedspeaking，regardlessofmyfeelingsonthematter.他不顾及我在此事上的感受，继续往下说。②Everyonehastherighttogoodmedicalcareregardlessoftheirabilitytopay.不管支付能力如何，每个人都有权利得到良好的医疗护理。regardlessof，despite和inspiteof都表示“不管，不顾”，含义和用法相同。但despite和inspiteof还有“尽管”之意。despite后跟名词、代词或从句

③Inspiteof/Despiteallhiseffortshefailed.尽管他已竭尽全力，还是失败了。④Hewentoutinspiteof/despitetherain.尽管下着雨，他还是出去了。⑤Despitewhatshesays，I’llgo.不管她说什么，我也要去。8．完成句子①不管我怎样经常告诫他，他总是犯同样的错误。________________howoftenIcorrecthim，healwaysmakesthesamemistake.②他不顾危险，攀登高塔。__________________danger，heclimbedthetower.RegardlessofRegardlessofcutup(P38)(1)vt.切碎①Youcancutupthecarrotsbeforeyouputthemintothepot.在放入锅内之前应先将胡萝卜切碎。(2)vi.使伤心②Hewasreallycutupwhenallhisfriendsrefusedtohelphim.当所有的朋友拒绝帮助他时，他极为难过。cutdown砍倒(树木)，缩减cutin＝breakin插嘴，插队cutoff切断(电力、水、煤气等)；中止；切下；断绝cutout剪下，切除，删除cutthrough刺穿cutacross抄近路cutaway切掉；逃走，跑开cutintohalves切成两半

③Iusuallycutacrossthefieldonmywaytoschool.我上学常抄近路，从这块地里走。④Weneedtocutthearticledownto2,000words.我们需要把这篇文章压缩到2000字。[形象助记]9．用适当的介、副词填空①Itisimpoliteforchildrentocut_______whentheirseniorsaretalking.②Thecarindustrycut______production.③Theycut______allthedeadbranchesfromthetree.indownawayTheycouldn’thavemats，blanketsorquiltslikewedo.Itmust

have

beenveryuncomfortable.他们不可能像我们一样有席子、毛毯或棉被。那肯定很不舒服。(P38)►musthavedone是对过去所发生事情的肯定的推测，意为“想必/准是/一定做了某事”。①Youmusthavegonetobedlatelastnight.Youlooktired.昨天晚上你一定睡得很晚，你看起来很疲倦。②—Guesswhat！IhavegotAformytermpaper.猜猜！我学期论文得了A。—Great！Youmusthavereadwidelyandputalotofworkintoit.太好了。你一定是广泛阅读和全身心投入了。(1)“can/could＋havedone”表示对过去某事进行推测，常用于疑问句或否定句。“could＋havedone”也可表示