湖南省三湘创新发展联合体2023-2024学年高三上学期9月月考英语试题

高三英语考试注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanwanttohave?A.Anapplepie. B.Asteak. C.Vegetablesalad.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Whatdoyouwant,Avril?W:Justanapplepie.Howaboutyou?M:Ihavetohaveasteak.Ihavehadonlyvegetablesaladfortwodays.Ican’tstanditanymore.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthewoman’ssonatschool?A.Studymonitor. B.Monitor. C.Doctor.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Mykidisbusyatschool.Heisthemonitorinhisclass.W:Mine,too.Butheisthestudymonitor3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatdoesthemanthinkofHelen?A.Lovely. B.Funny. C.Supportive.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Dear,whatmakesyouproudaboutme?M:Helen,youarenotcuteorfunny.Butyouarethepersonthatwouldalwaysbebymyside.W:Iamproudofyouforknowingthat.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatistheweatherliketoday?A.Rainy. B.Sunny. C.Windy.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Youtoldmeyesterdaythatitwouldrainforsuretoday.Lookatthebrightsunoutside.M:Well,IguessIhavetoeatmywords.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howmuchwillthemanpayforthetickets?A.$18. B.$20. C.$28.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Howmuchistheticketfortomorrow’sshow?W:It’s$10peradultand$8perchild.M:Threeticketsplease.Twoticketsforadultsandoneforchild.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatwasthewomandoingintheprevioustwoweeks?A.Shewasonvacation. B.Shewasworking. C.Shewasstudying.7.WhendidthewomanreachNewYork?A.Inthemorning. B.Intheafternoon. C.Intheevening.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】M:Whendidyougetback,Lucy?W:IflewoutofLosAngelesyesterdayat1:00intheafternoon.IhadastopinChicago,soIarrivedhereat10:00intheevening.Butthepasttwoweeksweregreat.M:AreyougladtobebackinNewYorkfromyourvacation?W:Yeah,butIhavemuchworktodo.I’mfallingbehindwithmystudies.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】。8.Howlongshouldthepotatoesbecooled?A.For5minutes. B.For10minutes. C.For15minutes.9.What’sthelaststepinmakingthesalad?A.Mixtheingredients.B.Boilthepeasquickly.C.Putsaladdressinginthebowl.【答案】8.B9.A【解析】【原文】M:Wouldyoulikesomemoresalad?W:Yesplease.It’ssodelicious.Couldyoutellmethewaytomakeit?M:Ofcourse.First,boilthepotatoesuntiltheyaresoft.Next,letthemcoolfor10minutes.Afterthat,boilthepeas,andthencutthepotatoes.Areyoufollowingme?W:YesAndthen?M:Thendrythepeasandcoolthemwithcoldwater.W:OK.Ihavegotit.Whatelsedoyouneedtodo?M:Finally,inabowl,lightlymixthepotatoes,thepeas,andsaladdressingW:OK.Isee.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.HowdidLenardfeelfornotshowingup?A.Anxious. B.Sorry. C.Angry.11.WhydidLenardfailtocanceltheappointment?A.HeforgottocallPenny.B.Hedidn’ttakehisphone.C.Hedialedawrongnumber.12.WhatdoesLenardpromisetobuyforPenny?A.Acoffeeandasandwich.B.Acoffeeandahamburger.C.Abottleofmilkandasandwich.【答案】10.B11.C12.A【解析】【原文】M:Hello,Penny.ThisisLenardspeaking.W:Lenard?Wheredidyougo?M:IsupposeyoumaybealittleunhappybecauseIletyoudown.W:DoyouknowhowanxiousIwasafterwaitingforyouforonehour?M:Iknow.Ishouldhavemetyouontime,butIwasabouttoleavewhenmymothercalled,tellingmeshewouldeforavisit.W:Youcangivemeacall.M:Imeanttocallyoutocanceltheappointment,butIcouldn’tgetyouthrough.W:ButIdidn’treceiveyourcall.M:Really?Oh,Idialedthewrongnumber.I’msorryforthat,Penny.Tomakeupforthat,letmetreatyoutoamorningcoffee.W:Andasandwich?M:Noproblem.Sorryagain,Penny.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whatdoesthemanusuallydoat7:00am?A.Heeatsthebreakfast.B.Hepreparestogetup.C.Hecatchesthebus.14.Whendoesthemanstarttoworkatthelibrary?A.At8:00am. B.At11:15am. C.At5:00pm.15.Howdoesthemangotothegym?A.Bybus. B.Onfoot. C.Bybike.16.Whendoesthemantakeguitarlessons?A.OnMondays. B.OnWednesdays. C.OnSaturdays.【答案】13.C14.A15.B16.B【解析】【原文】W:So,whatisyourschedulelikeeveryday?M:Well,Igetuparound5:45inthemorning.W:Wow!That’skindofearly.M:Alittle.Then,Ieataquickbreakfast,andIcatchthebusat7:00am.Ittakesmeabout20minutestowalktothebusstop.W:That’saprettygoodwalk.M:Yeah,anduh,next,Iworkatthelibraryfrom8:00amto11:15amorso,andIhaveclassesfromnoonuntilabout5:00pm.ThenIcatchthebusbackhome,andIarriveataround6:15pm,Imakeasandwichorsomethingfordinner,andthenIwalktothegymandmeetsomeofmyfriendsaround7:00pm.W:Soyouhaveagroupyouworkoutwith?M:Right.Weexercise,playbasketball,liftweights...Youknow,dothingslikethat...foraboutanhourandahalf.W:Wow.Doyoudothateverynight?M:Oh,no.IusuallygotothegymonMondays,Thursdays,andSaturdays.AndonWednesdays,Itakeguitarlessons.Yeah,uh,intheeveningatamusicschool,youknow,justaroundthecornerfrommyhouse.W:Oh,that’snice.Itsoundslikeyouhaveaverybusyschedule.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whatdoesthespeakersayabouttheactivities?A.Theyarediverse. B.Theyareeasy. C.Theyareeducational.18.Whatarethechildrenexpectedtodo?A.Attendthecoursefullweeks.B.Attendthecoursesingledays.C.Attendthecourseforthewholesummer.19.Whocanattendthisyear’scourse?A.Childrenaged35. B.Childrenaged57. C.Childrenaged810.20.Whatshouldthechildrendoinadvancetoapplyforthecourse?A.Payallthefees.B.Choosetheiractivities.C.Filloutanapplicationform.【答案】17.A18.A19.C20.C【解析】【原文】M:Well,Iwanttotalkaboutanactivitycourseforthesummerholidays.ItoperatedforthefirsttimelastyearforasixweekperiodfromthemiddleofJulyuntiltheendofAugust.Thisyearwewillholdthecourseagain.Therewillbedifferentthingstodoeveryweek,sothechildrenwon’trepeatthesameactivitiesoverandoveragain.However,Idon’texpectmanychildrenwilleforthewholesummer,asI’msuretheirparentswillwanttobewiththemforaweekortwo.Wedo,however,askthatchildrenattendfullweeks,notjustsingledays.Itmakesiteasierforustokeepattendancerecords.Thecourseisavailabletochildrenaged810.Nextyear,thoseaged57areweletothecourse.Ifyouoryourchildisinterestediningtooursummeractivitycourse,gotoourwebsite,summeractivities.co.ukandprintoutanapplicationform.Senditinwithpartpaymentassoonaspossible.You'llneedtotellusinwhichweeksyouareplanningtoattendthecoursestraightaway,butyouwon'tneedtochooseyouractivitiesinadvance.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFourOutdoorSpringActivitiesforKidsWhilewe’retemptedtostayinsidewhereit’stemperaturecontrolledandfortable,gettingoutsideisimportantforachild’sdevelopment.I’msureyou’llfindsomanyfunoutdoorspringactivitiestodowithyourkids.TheyprovidethemwithvitaminDfromthesun,strengthentheirbodies,enhanceproblemsolvingandcriticalthinkingskills,helpchildrenappreciatenature,andsomuchmore.KidmadeBirdFeederOurkidmadebirdfeederismadefromrecycledmaterialsandbirdseed.Simplyhaveyourchildrenfilleachbowlintheeggcarton(蛋盒)withbirdseedandhangitinatreewhenyou’refinished.Thisprojecthelpskidsworkonmeasuring,pouring,concentration,handeyecoordinationandotherskills.ExploringLifeatthePondGotoalocalpondtoexplorethereforacoupleofhours.Studythepondecosystem,searchforcreaturesinthewaterandoutsideit,suchasfish,worms,turtlesandbirds.Useourfreeprintabletocheckoffeachcreatureorplantasyoufindit.Thishelpsstimulatethecuriosityaboutnatureofyourlovedones.DIYSeedBombsLearnhowtomakehomemadeseedbombstogiveasgiftstofriendsandneighbors.Theseearthfriendlyseedbombsaremadewithrecycledpaperandcanbeplanteddirectlyintothesoil.Includeseedsfromyourfavoritegrassesorflowersintheseedbombs.GardeningwithKidsGardeningisoneofthebestspringoutdooractivitiesthatyoucandowithyourchildren.Ithelpskidslearnpatience,responsibilityandselfconfidence.Plus,knowinghowtogrowyourownfoodisavaluableskill!21.Whichactivitymaybeststimulatekids’environmentalawareness?A.KidmadeBirdFeederandDIYSeedBombs.B.KidmadeBirdFeederandGardeningwithKids.C.ExploringLifeatthePondandDIYSeedBombs.D.GardeningwithKidsandExploringLifeatthePond.22.WhatcanyoudoatExploringLifeatthePond?A.Findoutwhatbirdsliketoeat. B.Learnhowtogrowfood.C.Makeearthfriendlyseedbombs. D.Studyavarietyofwildlife.23.Forwhomisthetextintended?A.Parents. B.Children. C.Teachers. D.Travelers.【答案】21.A22.D23.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个适合孩子的户外春季活动。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Ourkidmadebirdfeederismadefromrecycledmaterialsandbirdseed.(我们的孩子自制的鸟食器是由回收材料和鸟食制成的)”以及倒数第二段“Theseearthfriendlyseedbombsaremadewithrecycledpaperandcanbeplanteddirectlyintothesoil.(这些环保种子炸弹是用再生纸制成的，可以直接种植在土壤里)”可知，孩子自制的喂鸟器和DIY种子炸弹最能激发孩子的环保意识。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据ExploringLifeatthePond部分中“Studythepondecosystem,searchforcreaturesinthewaterandoutsideit,suchasfish,worms,turtlesandbirds.(研究池塘生态系统，寻找水里和水外的生物，如鱼、蠕虫、乌龟和鸟类)”可知，你可以在ExploringLifeatthePond研究各种野生动物。故选D。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Whilewe’retemptedtostayinsidewhereit’stemperaturecontrolledandfortable,gettingoutsideisimportantforachild’sdevelopment.I’msureyou’llfindsomanyfunoutdoorspringactivitiestodowithyourkids.(虽然我们很想呆在温度可控、舒适的室内，但出门对孩子的成长很重要。我相信你会发现很多有趣的户外春季活动可以和你的孩子一起做)”及下文可知，文章主要介绍了四个适合孩子的户外春季活动。由此推知，文章针对的是父母。故选A。BFromtheworld’slastseventoaglobalpopulationofmorethan5,000,Chinaspentnearly40yearsbringingbackcrestedibises(朱鹗)fromtheedgeofextinction.Withitstypicalredcrestandface,aswellasalongblackmouthandsnowwhitefeathers,thecrestedibisisknownas“theorientalgem”inChina.TheywereoncewidespreadinEastAsiaandSiberiauntilthe20thcenturywhenhunting,ecologicaldamageandincreasedhumanactivitiesdrovethebirdstonearextinction.In1981,theentirespeciesaroundtheworldwasdowntothesevencrestedibiseswhichwerefoundonlyinYangxianCounty,northwestChina'sShaanxiProvince,anddeepintheQinlingMountains,makingQinling,anaturalboundarybetweenChina'snorthandsouth,thelastshelterofthewildbirds.Since1981,thelocalgovernmentofYangxianCountyhasputforwardfourbansfortheprotectionofthespecies,prohibitingactivitiesincludinghuntinginthebirds'livingareas,cuttingdowntreeswheretheynest,usingchemicalsintheirfoodfindingareas,andfiringgunsintheirbreeding(繁殖)areas.TheChinesegovernmentarrangedspecialfundstoprotectthehabitatofcrestedibises,sealingoffmountainstoplanttreesinthebirds'livingareas.Chinastartedtheartificialbreedingofcrestedibisesin1991andhadbredmorethan400birdsinShaanxiasoflastyear.Yearsofconstantefforthavebroughtpromisingresults.Itisestimatedthattherearemorethan5,000crestedibisesintheworldnow,andamajorityofthemliveinShaanxi.Thebird'shabitatinChinahasrisenfromlessthan5squarekmin1981tothecurrent15,000squarekm.“Itisluckythatthecrestedibis,anancientbird,isstillflyingaround,”saidZanLinsen,headoftheShaanxiAcademyofForestry.“Theconservationstoryofcrestedibisesnotonlyshowsusthepowerofancientlife,butalsothenecessityandurgencyofecologicalenvironmentprotection.”24.WhyaretheQinlingMountainssoimportanttocrestedibises?A.Theyarewherecrestedibiseswerefirstfound.B.Theyusedtobethelasthabitatofcrestedibises.C.Theyaretheonlybreedingareaofcrestedibises.D.Theyprotectcrestedibisesfromnaturalenemies.25.Whatcanweconcludefromparagraph4?A.Crestedibisesareunlikelytobebredartificially.B.It'slegaltoownhuntinggunsinYangxianCounty.C.Huntinghasbeenthebiggestthreattocrestedibises.D.Thegovernmentplaysakeyroleinsavingcrestedibises.26.HowdoesZanLinsenfeelabouttheconservationofcrestedibises?A.Mercifulandambitious. B.Relievedandhappy.C.Shockedandcurious. D.Sorryandregretful.27.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.RareanimalsinChina:crestedibisesB.ArtificialbreedingofcrestedibisesinChinaC.EndangeredcrestedibisesmakingaebackD.CrestedibisesfoundagainintheQinlingMountains【答案】24.B25.D26.B27.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讲述了中国在近40年的努力下，成功将朱鹗这一濒临灭绝的物种从全球仅剩的7只增加到超过5000只。朱鹗的保护不仅展示了古老生物的力量，也显示了生态环境保护的必要性和紧迫性。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“In1981,theentirespeciesaroundtheworldwasdowntothesevencrestedibiseswhichwerefoundonlyinYangxianCounty,northwestChina'sShaanxiProvince,anddeepintheQinlingMountains,makingQinling,anaturalboundarybetweenChina'snorthandsouth,thelastshelterofthewildbirds.(1981年，全世界的朱鹮只剩下7只，这些朱鹮只在中国西北陕西省阳县和秦岭深处发现，作为中国南北自然分界线的秦岭成为了野生朱鹮最后的避难所。)”可知，之所以秦岭对朱鹮来说是重要的，是因为这里曾经是朱鹮最后的栖息地。故选B。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Since1981,thelocalgovernmentofYangxianCountyhasputforwardfourbansfortheprotectionofthespecies,prohibitingactivitiesincludinghuntinginthebirds'livingareas,cuttingdowntreeswheretheynest,usingchemicalsintheirfoodfindingareas,andfiringgunsintheirbreeding(繁殖)areas.(自1981年以来，阳县当地政府提出了四项保护物种的禁令，禁止在鸟类的生活区狩猎，砍伐它们筑巢的树木，在它们寻找食物的区域使用化学物质，以及在它们的繁殖区开枪。)”可知，本段介绍的是政府针对于保护野生动物提出的相应保护政策和措施,即政府在拯救朱鹮方面起着关键作用。故选D。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Itisluckythatthecrestedibis,anancientbird,isstillflyingaround,”saidZanLinsen(“幸运的是，朱鹮这种古老的鸟类还在飞来飞去，”赞林森说。)”可知，赞林森认为，很幸运能够看到这种古老的鸟儿还能飞来飞去，这是保护朱鹮取得的成果，因此推断这让赞林森感到高兴和宽慰。故选B。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Fromtheworld’slastseventoaglobalpopulationofmorethan5,000,Chinaspentnearly40yearsbringingbackcrestedibises(朱鹗)fromtheedgeofextinction.(从世界上最后的7只到全球5000多只，中国花了近40年的时间将朱鹮从灭绝的边缘救了回来。)”以及倒数第二段中“Yearsofconstantefforthavebroughtpromisingresults.Itisestimatedthattherearemorethan5,000crestedibisesintheworldnow,andamajorityofthemliveinShaanxi.Thebird'shabitatinChinahasrisenfromlessthan5squarekmin1981tothecurrent15,000squarekm.(多年来的不懈努力取得了可喜的成果。据估计，目前世界上有5000多只朱鹮，其中大部分生活在陕西。这种鸟在中国的栖息地从1981年的不到5平方公里增加到现在的1.5万平方公里。)”可知，文章介绍的是这篇文章主要讲述了中国在近40年的努力下，成功将朱鹗这一濒临灭绝的物种从全球仅剩的7只增加到超过5000只。中国自1991年开始人工繁育朱鹗，截至去年已在陕西繁育了400多只。多年的努力带来了显著成果。C选项“Endangeredcrestedibisesmakingaeback(濒危朱鹮不断回归)”概括文章主要内容，为最佳标题。故选C。CIamaprofessorofclinicalpsychology.Sometimeago,IgothalfwaythroughadayofteachingbeforeacoworkerpointedouttomeIwasquitecarelesslywearingapairofdifferentshoes,oneredandoneblack.IfeltsoembarrassedandupsetbutIwouldhavetogoteachmycourselikethis.WhenInoticedhowmuchIwantedtodisappearandavoidthissituation,Iwasdeterminedtofaceitinstead.IwalkedintoclassandannouncedtothestudentsthatIwaswearingtwoshoesfromdifferentpairs,anddirectedtheirattentiontomyfeet.Everyonelaughedandwewentonwithclass.Yearslater,astudentinthatclasstoldmethatthiswasthemomentshefirstthoughtthatmaybe,justmaybe,shecouldbeaprofessor,too.IsharedmymistakebecauseIrealizedthattryinghideitwasinterferingwithmyabilitytoconcentratemymindonmyteaching—butIhadnoideathatitwouldalsohelpshortenthepsychologicaldistancebetweenmystudentsandmyself.Manycontextsmaypunishorshamepeopleformakingmistakes.Oureffortstoavoidthemresultfromourdesiresforsuccess,andhowotherswillrespondtoourmistakes.Wemightfeelselfcriticismandshameifwedomakesome.However,mistakemakingispartoflearningnewthings,anditcandrawusclosertoothers.Itopensupthepossibilityofacceptingmistakesgladly,lettingusbemoreopenandengagedinwhatwearedoing.Wecansaywordsofkindnessandselfpassiontoourselves:Mistakesarenaturalandhuman;wecanbekindtoourselvesforthiserrorandstilltrytodobetternexttime;noticingourownimperfectionscanhelpustobekindtootherswhenwenoticetheyareimperfect,too.Whenwepracticeourmistakesinthisway,theycanbeeopportunitiestoopenuptoothers,learnaboutourselves,andconnectevenmorewithwhatmatterstous.28.Howdoestheauthordevelopparagraph1?A.Bygivingsomeexamples. B.Byfollowingtimeorder.C.Bydoingscientificexperiments. D.Bysharingpersonalexperience.29.Whatwastheresultoftheauthorsharinghismistake?A.Shameful. B.Unexpected. C.Punishable. D.Unaccepted.30.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytellus?A.Intentionstoavoidmistakes. B.Advantagesofmakingmistakes.C.Possibilitiesofmakingmistakes. D.Effortstoavoidmakingmistakes.31.Whatcanweknowaboutmistakesfromthelastparagraph?A.Theyinterferewithwhatwearedoing.B.Theydrawtoomuchattentionfromus.C.Theyarebigopportunitiestogetusimproved.D.Theymakeusfeelirresponsibleanddefeated.【答案】28.D29.B30.A31.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了作者通过主动告诉学生自己犯的错误，不但消除了自己内心的尴尬、沮丧，同时还拉进了自己与学生之间的距离。向他人敞开心扉，不仅可以了解自己，还能将自己与其他的事情联系起来。【28题详解】推理判断题。第一段第一句提到“Iamaprofessorofclinicalpsychology.”（我是一名临床心理学的教授）且该段的主语都使用了第一人称I(我)。由此判断，作者通过分享自己的经历来写第一段的内容。故选D。【29题详解】推理判断题。第一段提到“WhenInoticedhowmuchIwantedtodisappearandavoidthissituation,Iwasdeterminedtofaceitinstead.IwalkedintoclassandannouncedtothestudentsthatIwaswearingtwoshoesfromdifferentpairs,anddirectedtheirattentiontomyfeet.Everyonelaughedandwewentonwithclass.Yearslater,astudentinthatclasstoldmethatthiswasthemomentshefirstthoughtthatmaybe,justmaybe,shecouldbeaprofessor,too.”（我感到很尴尬和沮丧，但我必须这样去教我的课程。当我意识到我是多么想要消失和避免这种情况时，我决定去面对它。我走进教室，向同学们宣布我穿了两双不同的鞋，并把他们的注意力引到我的脚上。每个人都笑了，我们继续上课。多年以后，那个班的一个学生告诉我，那是她第一次想到也许，只是也许，她也可以成为一名教授。）和第二段“butIhadnoideathatitwouldalsohelpshortenthepsychologicaldistancebetweenmystudentsandmyself”（但我不知道这也有助于缩短学生和我自己之间的心理距离）由此判断，作者在发现自己犯错之后感到非常的尴尬，同时内心也十分想上好课，但是作者选择了向学生直言自己犯的错误，没想到得到了学生的笑声，课也进行的十分顺利。并且当时在作者课上的学生也告诉作者，正是看到了当时的那一幕，也燃起了自己想要成为老师的想法，拉近了学生和自己之间的心理距离。因此作者在向学生坦白之后得到了一些自己没有意想到的结果。A.Shameful.羞耻的；B.Unexpected.意想不到的；C.Punishable.该惩罚的；D.Unaccepted.未被接受的。B项符合文意。故选B。【30题详解】主旨大意题。第三段提到“Manycontextsmaypunishorshamepeopleformakingmistakes.Oureffortstoavoidthemresultfromourdesiresforsuccess,andhowotherswillrespondtoourmistakes.”（很多情况下，人们会因为犯错而受到惩罚或羞辱。我们努力避免犯错是因为我们渴望成功，以及别人对我们的错误的反应。）很多情况下人们不想犯错是想要成功，也避免别人对自己犯错之后的反应。由此判断，该段主要讲述的是人们为什么想要避免犯错，即避免犯错的意图。故选A。【31题详解】推理判断题。最后一段第二句提到“Mistakesarenaturalandhuman;wecanbekindtoourselvesforthiserrorandstilltrytodobetternexttime”（犯错是自然的，也是符合人性的；对于这个错误，我们可以对自己好一点，并且下次努力做得更好）可知，犯错促使人下次努力做得更好，可得出犯错反而是能够帮助人进行自我提升的机会。故选C。DClockmakingisatraditionalcraftwhichinvolvesthebuildingandrepairofclocks.ButitisnowontheredlistdrawnupbytheHeritageCraftsAssociation(HCA),whichhaswarnedthatmorespecialistsareretiringthanenteringtheprofession.DavidPoole,aformermaster,said,“Theshortageofclockmakersisaproblem.Whereasthereusedtobeclockmakersonthehighstreet,aclockrepairshopisararesighttoday.Peoplewillfinditextremelydifficulttoidentifyanyonetorepairtheirclocks.”Thereareonlyabout250makersandrepairersleftacrossBritain,accordingtoHCA’sresearch.Whenspecialistsarenearretirement,theyoftencannotaffordtotakeonapprentices(学徒)ashappenedinthepast.Besides,itisfearedthatthefewtrainingcoursesthathavesurvivedwillnotfillthegaps.HowardWalwyn,aleadingdealerinKensington,warnedthat,ifexpertiseinrepairingislost,clockswillbeeinanimateobjectsratherthanlivingthings,adding,“Mostclockmakershavefiddledwith(捣鼓)clocksaskids,takingthemapart,andtryingtogetthemtowork.Theproblemisthatyoungkidsnowarespendingalltheirtimeinfrontofscreensandshowlittleinterestinclockmaking.I'vegotsomeyoungerclockmakers,butthey'refewandfarbetween.”“Therearealsoconcernsthattoomanyclockmakersarepreparedtousemodernmechanicalsolutionstomakeaclockwork,evenifthosesolutionsareaesthetically(审美地)wrong,”saidJonathanBetts,anadvisertotheNationalTrust.Headded,“Museumcollectionsandmoresensitiveprivatecollectorswouldmuchrathernothaveaclockcleanedsoitlooksbrandnew,butanawfullotofrestorersrejectthat.”Mr.Poole,whobecameaclockmakerinthe1990s,said,“Therearefewpeopleingintothebusiness.Mostpeoplewhoareinitareedgingtowardsretirement,asamI.Ifpeoplearen'tskilled,allthoselovelythingswon'tbelookedafterproperly.”32.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"ontheredlist"inparagraph1mean?A.Ontopofstandard. B.Inneedofimprovement.C.Inresponsetodemand. D.Atriskofextinction.33.Whatbelongstoatraditionalpracticeintheclockmakingfield?A.Itspairingeachapprenticewithaspecialist.B.Itstailoringtrainingprogramsforapprentices.C.Itsbringinginnewbloodbyemployingapprentices.D.Itspostponingexperiencedspecialists'retirementage.34.WhatpreventsyoungkidsfrombeingclockmakersaccordingtoHowardWalwyn?A.Arelativelylowsalary. B.Thelackofinterestinclockmaking.C.Thetoughemploymentenvironment. D.Alimitednumberoftrainingcourses.35.WhatisJonathanBetts'concern?A.Manyrepairersadoptmodernmethodsinclockmaking.B.Manyrestorersareincapableoffixingmechanicalclocks.C.Privatecollectorsshownointerestintraditionaltechniques.D.Museumsrefusetoincludecleanedclocksintheircollections.【答案】32.D33.C34.B35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国传统的钟表制造和维修工艺面临着匠人流失的问题。相关专家呼吁重视年轻人对传统钟表制作的教育和培训，以保护这一重要的传统工艺。【32题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词后面的内容“whichhaswarnedthatmorespecialistsareretiringthanenteringtheprofession.(该机构警告称，退休的专家比进入该行业的专家要多。)”可知，HCA警告称退休的专家比进入该行业的专家要多，由此推断划线词的意思是英国传统的钟表制造和维修工艺面临着匠人流失愈发严重的问题。故选D。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Whenspecialistsarenearretirement,theyoftencannotaffordtotakeonapprentices(学徒)ashappenedinthepast.Besides,itisfearedthatthefewtrainingcoursesthathavesurvivedwillnotfillthegaps.(当专家快退休时，他们通常无法负担起像过去那样培养学徒。此外，人们担心目前存留下来的少数培训课程无法填补这些空缺。)”可知，过去的时候，钟表制造领域的传统做法是通过雇佣学徒来引入新鲜血液。故选C。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Theproblemisthatyoungkidsnowarespendingalltheirtimeinfrontofscreensandshowlittleinterestinclockmaking.I'vegotsomeyoungerclockmakers,butthey'refewandfarbetween.(问题是，现在的孩子们把所有的时间都花在屏幕前，对制作钟表没有什么兴趣。我有一些年轻的钟表匠，但他们少之又少。)”可知，HowardWalwyn认为年轻的孩子们对制作钟表缺乏兴趣使得他们不愿意进入钟表行业。故选B。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Therearealsoconcernsthattoomanyclockmakersarepreparedtousemodernmechanicalsolutionstomakeaclockwork,evenifthosesolutionsareaesthetically(审美地)wrong,”saidJonathanBetts,(“人们还担心，太多钟表制造商准备使用现代机械解决方案来使钟表运转，即使这些解决方案在审美上是错误的，”JonathanBetts说道。)”可知，JonathanBetts担心的是许多修理工采用现代方法制造钟表，而现代的修理方法在审美上是错误的。故选A。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Homeorganizationhasbeenturnedintoanartformbysocialmediainfluenceswhosharebeautifulimagesofboxesarrangedbycolororpackedneatlyintobaskets.ThisisAmericanaddictionwithorganizing.____36____It’snotthatweneedtoorganizeourjunktomakeitprettier.It’sthatweneedtobuylessstuff.Herearesometipstohelpyoubreakupwithoverbuying.Beginbytakingalookaroundtoseewhatyouhave,whatyouneed,andwhatyoucangetridof.Periodicallyhavingacheckwillhelpyoumakebettershoppingdecisionsandwillhelpreducepurchases.____37____Breakitintomanageableparts,suchaskitchentoolsorwinterclothes.Thenidentifywhatyouuseregularlyandwhatcango.Alsoconsiderwhichbelongingsbringyoujoyandwhichonesyouwouldn’tmissiftheyweregone.Doclothesandshoesmakeyouhappy,ordoyouprefertheitemsyoubroughtbackfromatrip?Areyourbooksyourmostprizedpossessions?____38____Shopwithintention.Somepeoplebuyitemsbecausethey’reonsale.Somethinkit’snecessarytostockuponalmosteverything.Otherpeopleshopbecauseitmakesthemhappy.____39____Aftermomentaryhappiness,theitemsbeepartofthemountainofstuffunwanted.____40____Decidingtobuysomethingmaynotrequiremuchmentalenergy.Butdecidingwhattodowithunwanteditemscanbestressfulandtakeupconsiderabletime.Mindlessshoppingaffectsourmentalhealthandteachesourchildrennottovaluetheirbelongingsbecauseitmakeseachitemseemlessspecial.Doingsowillbenefitallofus,thenextgenerationandourplanet.A.Shopmindfully.B.Considerourplanet.C.Ourshoppinghabitsareplex.D.Buttheyignoretherootoftheproblem.E.Youdon’thavetocheckyourentirehouseholdatonce.F.Whateverthereason,theexcitementusuallydoesn’tlastlong.GKnowingtheanswerstothesequestionswillhelpyousetprioritieswhenshopping.【答案】36.D37.E38.G39.F40.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些避免过度购物的方法和建议。【36题详解】根据上文“Homeorganizationhasbeenturnedintoanartformbysocialmediainfluenceswhosharebeautifulimagesofboxesarrangedbycolororpackedneatlyintobaskets.ThisisAmericanaddictionwithorganizing.(在社交媒体的影响下，家庭整理已经变成了一种艺术形式，他们分享了按颜色排列或整齐地装进篮子里的盒子的美丽图片。这是美国人对组织整理的沉迷)”以及后文“It’snotthatweneedtoorganizeourjunktomakeitprettier.It’sthatweneedtobuylessstuff.Herearesometipstohelpyoubreakupwithoverbuying.(这并不是说我们需要把我们的垃圾整理得更漂亮。而是我们需要少买东西。这里有一些建议可以帮助你摆脱过度购买)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出美国喜欢组织整理却忽视了问题的根源是少买东西。故D选项“但是他们忽视了问题的根源”符合语境，故选D。【37题详解】根据后文“Breakitintomanageableparts,suchaskitchentoolsorwinterclothes.Thenidentifywhatyouuseregularlyandwhatcango.(把它分成易于管理的部分，比如厨房工具或冬天的衣服。然后确定哪些是你经常使用的，哪些可以放弃)”可知，后文提到了分成小部分来整理，说明不必一次性整理整个家庭。故E选项“你不必一次检查你的整个家庭”符合语境，故选E。【38题详解】根据上文“Alsoconsiderwhichbelongingsbringyoujoyandwhichonesyouwouldn’tmissiftheyweregone.Doclothesandshoesmakeyouhappy,ordoyouprefertheitemsyou