英语译林版（江苏）选修6导学笔记Unit1PeriodFour

PeriodFourProjectⅠ.重点单词1．settingn．(戏剧、小说等的)情节背景；场景；环境setvt.布置，安排2．invitationn．邀请invitevt.邀请3．crowdedadj.拥挤的crowdn．人群；v.拥挤4．official­lookingadj.貌似官方的good­lookingadj.长相好的5．angern．怒气，怒，怒火angryadj.生气的angrilyadv.生气地6．bowvi.&vt.鞠躬；低头；(使)弯曲；n.鞠躬；船头7．tearvt.撕，扯；n.眼泪8．burstvi.猛冲；突然出现；爆裂9．empty­handedadj.空手的；一无所获的10．glarevi.怒目而视；发出炫目的光Ⅱ.重点短语1．makeroomfor为……腾出地方2．goon发生；进行；继续3．joinsb.(indoingsth.)加入某人(一起做某事)4．dashout冲出去5．atonce立刻6．burstin闯进；突然闯入7．presentsth.tosb.将某物呈献给/赠送某人；颁发某物给某人8．glareat对……怒目而视9．holdout递出；拿出；伸出10．asfastaspossible/onecan尽可能快地Ⅲ.重点句式1．asif引导的条件状语从句中的省略Ofcourse.(movesoverasiftomakeroomforTony)当然。(挪了挪，好像是要为托尼腾出地方)2．musthavedoneNo.Imusthaveforgottentotellyou.对。我一定是忘记告诉你们了。Ⅰ.课文阅读理解1．HowmanycharactersarethereintheplayTheinvisiblebench?A．One.B．Two.C．Four.D．Five.答案D2．IntheplayTheinvisiblebench，whoenterslast?A．Mike.B．Ann.C．Cathy.D．Paula.答案B3．IntheplayTheinvisiblebench，who“movedthebench”？A．Mike.B．Ann.C．Paula.D．Cathy.答案A4．IntheplayTheimportantpapers，whatonearthdoestheKingwant?A．Anewspaper. B．Amagazine.C．Arolloftoiletpaper. D．Adictionary.答案C5．IntheplayTheimportantpapers，theservantcancalltheKing“”．A．YourMajesty B．YourHighnessC．Darling D．BothAandB答案DⅡ.课文阅读填空PlayTheinvisiblebenchTheimportantpapersThe1.type/kindoftheediesPhysical：Actorsusetheirbodiestoperformtheplay.Prop：Actorsuseprops—toiletpaperandsomeotherpaperstoperformtheplay.2.CharactersFivestudentsTheKing，theQueen，the3.ServantSettingAparkThepalacePlotSomestudents4.pretendtobesittingonaninvisiblebenchand5.enjoythemselvesquitealot.Oneofthemmovesthebenchwithoutbeingnoticed，sotheothersallfalldownwhenthe6.truth/factistold.TheKingwantssometoiletpaper,7.but/whilehesaysthathewantsimportantpapers.BecauseheistheKing，theservant8.mistakes/takestheimportantpapersforsomeofficialdocuments.Finally，theservantunderstandshimand9.bringshimwhathewants.FunnypointSincethebenchcannotbe10.seen，nobodyknowswhetheritisthereunlesssomeonespeaksitout.Aplayinwhichsuchwordsareused：importantpapersandtoiletpaper.Ⅲ.课文阅读简答1．Whatkindofplaysarethey？edyortragedy?Bothofthemareedies.2．Inthesecondplay，whyweretheothersunabletounderstandtheKing?BecausetheKingexpressedhisopinioninaroundabout(拐弯抹角的)wayandhesaidthathewantedhisimportantpapers；theotherswouldmistakethemforsomeofficialdocuments.重点词汇1．Itgottoocrowded，soImovedthebench.它太拥挤了，所以我移动了这张长椅。(1)crowdedadj.拥挤的becrowdedwith挤满了(2)crowdn．人群；观众；v.拥挤；挤满acrowdof一群；一伙；一堆crowdsof成群的……；许多……followthecrowd随大流(1)AhugecrowdgatheredinasquareoutsidetheKremlinwalls.一大群人聚集在克里姆林宫墙外的广场上。(2)Thehungryrefugeescrowdedaroundthetractors.饥饿的难民聚集到拖拉机周围。[单项填空](3)withsomanyfansofthefamousstar，thestadiumishardforustoenter.A．Crowding B．TobecrowdedC．Crowded D．Crowdedout答案C解析句意为：体育馆挤满了这位明星的粉丝，对于我们来说要进去是很难的。此处是过去分词作状语，crowd与thestadium之间是被动关系，所以要用过去分词。2．tearsthepaperintwo把报纸撕成两半tearv.tore，torn撕裂，撕碎；n.眼泪tear...intwo把……撕成两半opieces把……撕碎tearatsth.撕扯某物强调动作teardown拆除(1)Shetoreattheclothbutcouldn’ttearit.她撕这块布，但没有撕开。[单项填空](2)Alotofbuildingsalongtheroadwillbetomakeroomforthenewhighway.A．tornaway B．torndownC．tornup D．tornapart答案B解析句意为：沿路的许多建筑将被拆除以便为新公路腾地方。teardown拆除，符合句意。tearaway撕掉，揭穿；tearup撕毁，撕碎(文件等)；tearapart撕毁，拆散。3．Servantburstsin，nexttoQueen，empty­handedandlookingworried.仆人冲上舞台，来到王后身边，两手空空，神色焦虑。burstin闯进，突然闯入burstinto闯入/闯进……；突然……起来burstintolaughter＝burstoutlaughing突然大笑起来burstintotears＝burstoutcrying突然大哭起来burstout突然激动地喊叫burstwithanger/joy勃然大怒/乐不可支(1)Robbersoftenburstinatmidnight.强盗经常在半夜破门而入。(2)Heburstintotears，whilesheburstoutlaughing.他突然哭了起来，而她却大笑起来。[温馨提示]※burst的过去式和过去分词同原形。※burstinto和burstout都含有“突然……”的意思，burstinto后面多接名词，burstout后面多接v.­ing形式。[单项填空](3)AllChinesewatchingTVcheerswhentheyheardthenewsthatChinawouldbuildspacestationsoon.(2017·如皋高二检测)A．brokeout B．burstintoC．burstin D．burstout答案B解析句意为：当听到中国不久要建太空站的消息时，所有正在看电视的中国人都突然欢呼起来。breakout爆发，发生；burstinto突然……起来(后跟名词)；burstin闯入；burstout突然……起来(后跟动名词)。burstintocheers突然欢呼起来，符合题意。故选B项。4．HeglaresatQueen.他怒视着王后。glarevi.怒目而视；闪耀；发出炫目的光；n.强光；怒视glareat对……怒目而视(1)Thesunglaredoutofthebluesky.太阳从蓝天中发出耀眼的光。(2)Whyareyouglaringatme?你为什么对我怒目而视？[易混辨析]glare，look，gaze，stare，glance※glare(由于愤怒而)瞪着或怒视。※look看着……(没有任何感情色彩)。※gaze(由于兴趣、感慨、喜欢或惊奇而)目不转睛地凝视。※stare(由于好奇、无礼、傲慢而)睁大眼睛凝望，盯着或瞪着看。※glance快速地看某人或某物一眼。[单项填空](3)Itisimpoliteforustoforeignersonpublicoccasions，whichwillinturnmakethemyou.A．stareat；glareatB．lookat；gazeatC．observe；glanceatD．glareat；watch答案A解析句意为：在公共场合盯着外国人看是不礼貌的，那样会遭到外国人的怒视。stareat凝视，盯住(眼前的事物或人)；glareat怒视；gazeat凝视；observe观察；glanceat扫视，浏览。根据句意选A项。5．holdsoutarolloftoiletpaper拿出一卷卫生纸holdout拿出；食物等维持；抵抗；抱有希望holdon不挂断；坚持住holdonto抓紧，不放开holdback阻挡；隐瞒；抑制holdup举起；延误；耽搁；抢劫(1)Weshouldholdoninfaceofhardships.在困难面前我们应该坚持。(2)Myfathersaidthatifwebelievesomethingwastrue，weshouldholdontoit.父亲说如果我们相信某事是真的，我们就应该坚持。[单项填空](3)Greatlymovedbywhatthelittlegirldid，Icouldhardlymytears.A．takeback B．getbackC．holdback D．bringback答案C解析句意为：这个小女孩做的事情让我非常感动，我忍不住流下了眼泪。takeback收回；getback回来；holdback阻止，抑制；bringback带回来。根据句意可知：我无法阻止自己的眼泪流下来，故选C。经典句式Ofcourse.(movesoverasiftomakeroomforTony)当然。(挪了挪，好像是要为托尼腾出地方)(1)此句中的asiftomakeroomforTony是省略形式，其完整形式为asifheistomakeroomforTony。当asif/though从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句的主语为it，且从句谓语含有be动词时，从句可以省略主语及be动词。(2)asif/though引导的从句是用虚拟语气，还是用陈述语气，应该根据具体情况而定。如果从句表示真实情况，用陈述语气；如果从句表示的意思与事实完全相反，或者纯粹是一种假设，通常用虚拟语气。①与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去完成时。②与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词用一般过去时(be动词用were)。③与将来事实相反，从句谓语动词用“would/could＋动词原形”。(1)Aftertheaccident，hebehavedasifnothinghadhappened.事故后，他表现得若无其事。(2)Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.天看起来要下雨。[单项填空](3)Johnsteppedonthestagewithouthesitationhehadbeenpreparingforthismomentallhislife.A．evenif B．asifC．assoonas D．aslongas答案B解析句意为：约翰毫不犹豫地走上舞台，好像他一生都在为这一刻做准备。evenif即使；asif好像；assoonas一……就……；aslongas只要。B项符合语境。Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Ireceivedaninvitationtothebirthdaypartyofmyclassmate.2．Theearthwillbeverycrowdedandtherewillbealittleroomforeachpersoninthenearfuture.3．TheJapanesebow(鞠躬)toeachotherwhentheymeet.4．Someboysdashed(急奔)outoftheclassroomassoonastheclassended.5．InChina，itisregardedasimpolitetovisitsomeoneempty­handed(空手的)．6．OurstoryhasitssettinginancientChina.7．Don’tpullthepagessohardortheywilltear(撕破)．8．Ifeltwarmandcosy(暖和舒适的)sittingbythefire.Ⅱ.选词填空eq\x(goon，glareat，holdout，makeroomfor，burstin)9．Pleasestepasidealittletomakeroomforme.10．Wedidn’tsayanything，butstoodthereglaringateachother.11．Thedoorwasburstopen，andanangrymanburstin.12．Astimewenton，shegrewprettier.13．Wewereshortofwaterbutcouldholdoutforanotherday.Ⅲ.完成句子14．Thegirllistenedcarefullyasifshehadbeenturnedintoastone(好像她已经变成了一块石头)．15．I’lllookatyourplanandreplyassoonaspossible/Ican(尽快)．16．Theymusthavefinished(肯定已经完成)thetaskbytheendoflastweek，hadn’tthey?17．Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthecitysince1990.Ithastakenonanewlook(已经呈现新面貌)．18．Themanwaswalkingonthestreet，withabookunderhisarm(腋下夹着一本书)．Ⅳ.单项填空19．Mygrandfatherstillplaystennisnowandthen，he’sinhisnineties.A．aslongas B．asifC．eventhough D．incase答案C解析句意为：尽管我的祖父已经九十多岁了，但他仍不时打网球。由句意可知，本句的前后两部分之间为让步关系，故选C。20．ThemomentthepeopleofChinaheardthatBeijing，andZhangjiakouinHebeiProvincehadwonthebidforthe2022WinterOlympicGames，theycheers.(2017·南通中学高二检测)A．burstin B．bursttoC．burstinto D．burstout答案C解析句意为：中国人一听到北京和河北省的张家口获得了2022年冬奥会的举办权，他们都开始欢呼起来。burstintocheers大声欢呼。21．Theangryteachertheimpatientboywhowasdoingsomethingthathadnothingtodowithwhatwasbeingtaught.A．glaredat B．lookedatC．glancedat D．gazedat答案A解析根据句意可知，愤怒的教师一定是用愤怒的目光看着那个没有耐心的男孩。glareat怒目而视，符合题意。因此选A项。22．AfterarrivinginSuzhou，therepresentativesfirsttheirhotelbeforegoingtotheconferencecenter.(2017·南通海安高级中学高二检测)A．raninto B．burstintoC．pulledinto D．checkedinto答案D解析考查动词短语辨析。句意为：到苏州后，代表们在去会议中心之前先去他们的宾馆入住。checkin/into意为“入住，登记，报到”，与之相对的另一个表达是checkout(结账离开)。23．Shedoesn’tlikecoatsmadethiskindofcloth，becausetheclotheasily.A．of；tear B．from；tearC．of；tears D．from；tears答案C解析bemadeof由……制成，能看出原材料；bemadefrom由……制成，看不出原材料是什么。tear撕，扯，其主语为thecloth，故谓语动词用第三人称单数。Ⅴ.微写作写作素材(关于喜剧表演)1．昨天在拥挤的剧院我观看了由著名喜剧演员在舞台上表演的单口喜剧。2．我特别钟爱娱乐性的表演。3．娱乐性的表演对健康有积极的作用。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)YesterdayIwatchedthestand­upsperformedbyafamousedianonthestageinthecrowdedtheatre.Ihaveaffectionfortheamusingperformance，whichhasapositiveeffectonhealth.Ⅰ.单项填空1．TheTVplaywassotouchingthatIjustcouldn’tmyselfawayfromit.A．put B．tearC．carry D．stay答案B解析句意为：这部电视剧那么感人，我都舍不得把眼睛挪开。tearoneselfawayfrom舍不得离开……。2．WorkingwiththemedicalteaminAfricahasthebestinherasadoctor.(2017·江苏，25)A．heldout B．broughtoutC．pickedout D．givenout答案B解析考查动词短语辨析。句意为：在非洲与医疗队的合作使她作为一名医生的最佳素质彰显了出来。holdout伸出，坚持；bringout使显现，使表现出；pickout挑选出，辨认出；giveout分发，发出。3．Themotherwastremblingwithanger.Shehersonandsaidnothing.A．gazedat B．staredatC．glaredat D．fixedon答案C解析句意为：这位母亲气得浑身哆嗦，她怒视着儿子，什么也没说。根据句意应该是“怒视着(glareat)”。gazeat目不转睛地看；stareat盯着看，凝视；fixon集中注意力地看。故C项正确。4．—Pleaseusinthediscussion.—I’dliketo，butI’mbusyatthemoment.A．attend；too B．join；muchtooC．takepartin；muchtoo D．join；toomuch答案B解析attend指参加会议、婚礼、典礼、上学、上课、听报告等较为正式的场合；join加入某一组织并成为其中一员；joinin指参加活动，常用作joinsb.in(doing)sth.；takepartin指参加某项活动并在其中起一定作用。muchtoo后接形容词或者副词，表示“太……”。5．Remember，letyoureyesrestafterreadingforanhour.A．allthewhile B．forawhileC．moreorless D．onceinawhile答案B解析句意为：记住，用眼一小时后让你的眼睛休息一会儿。forawhile一会儿，符合题意。allthewhile一直，始终；moreorless或多或少；onceinawhile偶尔。6．ThehostfamilytreatmeasthoughIamemberofthefamily.A．am B．wereC．would D．shouldbe答案B解析考查虚拟语气。句意为：我寄宿的那一家人对待我就好像我是他们家庭的一员。既然是寄宿家庭，就不可能是其家庭成员，故此处是虚拟语气，由题干可知是对现在的虚拟，所以要用be动词were。7．Hestoodbehindthecurtain，fromwherehecouldseewhatwasinthestreet.A．goingover B．goingonC．goingthrough D．goingup答案B解析goon发生，进行，继续下去；goover复习，仔细检查；gothrough经历，通过；goup上升，增长。根据句意可知，这里指可看到马路上正在发生的事，故选B项。8．ofdangerinthestreetatnight，shehadtogohomewithafriendher.(2017·无锡天一中学高二检测)A．Warned；acpaniedB．Havingbeenwarned；acpanyingC．Warning；acpaniedD．Havingwarned；acpanying答案B解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：她被警告在晚上的街上有危险，她不得不让一个朋友陪着回家。整个句子没有连词，句子已经有谓语动词，所以第一空是非谓语动词，warn与she之间是被动关系，故用过去分词，这里warn的动作发生在hadtogohome之前，所以用havingbeenwarned；第二空是with的复合结构，friend与acpany之间是主动关系，故用现在分词。故选B。9．—Lookatyourpaleface.Youasleeplessnight.—Youbet.Theworksitenexttothehotelwassonoisy.(2017·连云港灌南中学高二检测)A．musthavehad B．mayhavehadC．canhavehad D．cannothavehad答案A解析第一句句意为：看看你苍白的脸色。你一定是度过了一个不眠之夜。表示“过去肯定做了某事”，用musthavedonesth.。10．—MrsSmith，pleaseteachmehowtodrawontheputertoday.—Oh，no..Youhavetogetfamiliarwiththekeyboardfirst.(2017·无锡天一中学高二检测)A．ThinktwicebeforeyoudoB．LearntowalkbeforeyourunC．AllthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasyD．Don’tcountyourchickensbeforetheyarehatched答案B解析考查情景交际。句意为：——史密斯女士，今天请教给我在电脑上画画吧。——不行，要循序渐进，今天你得先熟悉键盘。Thinktwicebeforeyoudo意为“三思而后行”；Learntowalkbeforeyourun意为“先学走，再学跑；循序渐进；按部就班”；Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy意为“万事开头难”；Don’tcountyourchickensbeforetheyarehatched.意为“不要高兴得太早”。结合对话意思可知答案应该为B。Ⅱ.阅读理解(2017·常州教育学会高二检测)Bondingwithotherguysmayrelievestressinmen，accordingtomediareportsofresearchpublishedinthejournalNeuropsychopharmacologylastweek.Menwhoareclosewitheachotherhavehigherlevelsofoxytocin，akindofhormonewhichmakesthembetterathandlingstress.Theresearch，however，esfromaratstudy，and—whileratsareoftenusedasstand­insforhumans，becausetheyhavesimilarbiologicalandgeneticcharacteristics—you’dhavetoassumetherearedifferences.Theresearchersputpairsofratsincagestogetherforaweekandthenputeachoneinasmallspaceforthreehours.Whentheywerereunited，theratswereevenfriendliertoeachotherthanbefore.ElizabethKirby，apostdoctoralfellowatStanfordUniversity，says，“Wecan’tspeaktorat，butwethinktheratscan’twaittotelltheirfriendthatsomeweirdpeopleshuttheminaroom.”Theyeventouchedeachothermore.Butbeforetheycouldhavetoomuchfun，theresearchersmeasuredtheoxytocinlevelsintheirbrains.Theyfoundthatthelevelsofoxytocinamongratswithmateswerehigher.Kirbymaintainsthatthereisatake­homemessageformenwhoaren’trats.Beingsocialincreaseslevelsofoxytocinandprotectsyoufrombeingstressed.Men，shesays，aresometimesaccusedofhavingsuperficialfriendship，butherresearchsuggeststhatabromance(兄弟情)doesn’thavetobedeeptohavehealthbenefits.“Anysortofsocialbondingincreasesoxytocinlevels—itdoesn’thavetobeadeepdiscussion，”shesays.Soisthistheexcuseyouneededtohaveapintwithyourmates?Intheworldofhuman­friendresearch，menaresaidtohave“shouldertoshoulder”friendshipswhilewomenhave“facetoface”ones.Whatthismeans，saysGeoffreyL．Greif，whohasinterviewed400menand120womenabouttheirfriendships，isthatmenliketodothingsandwomenliketositdownandchat.“Womenwillsay，‘Myboyfriendwentoutfordinneranddidn’tfindouthisfriendwasgettingdivorced，’”saysGreif.“Mendon’tneedtoexpressthemselvesasmuchaswomeninfriendships.”Manystudiesshowthatfriendshipsnotonlyrelievestressbutalsoreducedeathfrommanycauses，includingheartdisease.Also，menwithfriendsarelesslikelytodrinkandsmoketoomuch—anothergoodreasonforencouragingbromances.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。人的社交关系会减少压力，因为社交能使人产生更高水平的荷尔蒙——oxytocin，这有利于处理压力问题。11．Itcanbelearntfromtheratstudythat.A．someratsareputtogetherincagesandothersinseparatecagesB．ratsareusedforstudybecausetheyhavethesamegeneashumansC．ashortseparationwillmakepeoplefriendlierthanbeforeD．beingtogetherwithfriendswillhelpstressreduction答案D解析推理判断题。根据第四段前两句“Kirbymaintainsthatthereisatake­homemessageformenwhoaren’trats.Beingsocialincreaseslevelsofoxytocinandprotectsyoufrombeingstressed.”可知选D。12．Whichofthefollowingisanecessitytoincreaseoxytocinlevels?A．Deepbromance. B．Deepdiscussion.C．Socialinteraction. D．Closefriendship.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第四段第四句中的“Anysortofsocialbondingincreasesoxytocinlevels”可知选C。13．WhatdoesthewritertrytoexpressinParagraph5?A．Menliketowalksidebysidewiththeirfriends.B．Womenprefertositfacetofacetohaveachatwithfriends.C．Mendon’tcareabouttheirfriends’marriageasmuchaswomen.D．Menhavelessdesiretomunicatetheiremotionswithfriends.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“Mendon’tneedtoexpressthemselvesasmuchaswomeninfriendships.”可知选D。14．BromanceshavethefollowingbenefitsEXCEPT.A．avoidinggettingdivorcedB．reducingstresslevelsC．preventingheartdiseaseD．smokingordrinkingless答案A解析细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容，利用排除法可知选A项。Ⅲ.任务型阅读(2017·泰州中学高二检测)Withatougheconomy，it’sdifficulttomeetouremployees’expectationofsalaryincreases.Howcanwemotivatetheminotherwaystokeepthemfromleavingthepany？Well，herearefourimportantfactorsthathelpkeepemployeesmotivated，inadditiontomoney.Thefirstoneisrecognition.Recognizingaperson’sstrongcontributioncantakemanyforms.Examplesincludetakingsomeonetolunchandlettingthemknowhowmuchyouvaluetheirperformanceandhowyouthankthembecausethey’reloyal，publiclyrecognizingsomeone’sperformancewithdetailsofwhattheydid，andpresentingcertificatesofrecognitionfor“extraordinarycontributionstothebusinessandtheorganization”．Thesearebestpresentedatannualeventswheretherecipientwillfeelproudinthepresenceoftheirpeers.Anotheroneismotivationalclimate.Takealookaroundattheworkenvironmentanddowhateveryoucantomakeitamorepleasantplace.Redecoration，betterworkspacesandworkingenvironmentthataren’texpensiveandwillbeappreciatedbythosewhospend8－10hoursadayworkingthere.Ifyouaren’tsurewhattodo，askyouremployeeswhatthey’dlikeintermsofabetterworkingclimate，and，withinyourbudget，doyourbesttoacmodatetheirrequests.Makeitclearthatyou’redoingthis“inrecognitionofyourstrongcontributions”untilthebusinessimproves.Thethirdoneiscelebrations.Ifyoucan’taffordtogiveeverydeservingemployeearaise，invitethemtoapartytosimplycelebratetheirgoodwork，dosometeam­buildingexercisesthatareinfunandmotivating，feedthemwell，andtellthemhowmuchyouappreciatetheirhardworkandloyalt