云南省2024届高三年级下册第一次高中毕业生复习统一检测英语试卷(含答案)

云南省2024届高三下学期第一次高中毕业生复习统一检测英语试卷

学校：___________姓名：班级：___________考号：

一'阅读理解

2024TravelPlanner:TheBestThingstoSeeintheUK

IconsofBritishFashion,Oxfordshire

AfashionexhibitionwillopenatBlenheimPalaceinMarch.IconsofBritishFashionis

thelargesteventinthepalace's300-yearhistoryandwillshowcasesomeofBritain'smost

famousdesigners.Clothing,drawings,photographsandpatternswillbeondisplay.23March

to30June.Palaceentryticketsarevalidforayearandcost£38foradults,£22forunder-

168.

Toulouse-LautrecinBath

Anewexhibition,Toulouse-LautrecandtheMastersofMontmartre,opensatVictoria

ArtGalleryinBathinApril.Morethan30piecesfromtheartisfscolourfulcareerwillbe

shownalongsideworksbyotherartistsoftheday.ThisistheonlychancetoseeLautrec9s

completecollectionofpostersintheUKbeforeitmovestoapermanenthomeattheMusee

d'lxellesinBelgium.26Aprilto29September,adults£10,children£3.50.

BackinTimeatBeamish

Atrulyrecreated1950spicturehouseatBeamishwilloffervisitorsachancetorecallthe

goldenageofmovie-going.Thecinemawillbethelatestadditiontoa“1950sTown^^opened

lastsummeratthelivinghistorymuseum.Adults£24.95,children£15.45,afamilyoffour

£63.50,validforayear.

NationalGallerygoesontour

TheNationalGallerycelebratesits200thanniversaryon10May.Tomarkthe

occasion,thegalleryislending12ofitsmosticonicpaintingsto12venuesacrosstheUK.

PaintingswilltraveltocentresfromBrightontoEdinburgh,andwillallgoondisplayon10

May.Eachofthe12venueswillrunexhibitionsanddigitalinterventionstoshowcaseits

particularpainting.

1.Howmuchshouldacouplewitha5-year-oldpayforBlenheim'sexhibition?

A.£23.50.B.£60.00.C.£63.50.D.£98.00.

2.WhatdoToulouse-LautrecandNationalGalleryhaveincommon?

A.Recallingtheartisfscareer.B.Offeringchancestomakeposters.

C.Employingdigitalinterventions.D.Enablingvisitorstoenjoyarts.

3.Whichofthefollowingisayear-roundevent?

A.IconsofBritishFashion.

B.Toulouse-LautrecandtheMastersofMontmartre.

C.1950sPictureHouseVisit.

D.NationalGalleryPaintingShow.

Thememoryofoneparticularsummereveningisstillburnedinmybrainasifitwere

yesterday.Therewasnothingbutwide-openfieldsformilesandmilesaroundourrural

Minnesotahome.Weneversawstrangersnoteverandhereonthishoteveningwasareal

liveonewalkingupourdriveway.

Ayoungman,aslightly-builthitchhiker（搭便车的人）approachedourdoor.Heknew

therewasastormcorning,andhedesperatelyneededshelter.Notwantingtointrudeonour

homeandfamily,heaskedmydadifhecouldsleepinourbasementforthenightfor

protectionfromtherain.Insteadofsayingyes,mydadloadedusallupinthe1959Chevrolet:

fivekids,mymum,andtheman.

Ourfamilyconsistedofthreeolderchildrenwhosefatherhaddiedyoungandthreemore

childrenfromtheunionofmymotherandfather.OurolderbrotherJerrywasintheNavy,on

ashipsomewhereoverseas.Ourmumanddadworriedabouthim.

Wedrovehim10milestothenexttown,whereDadboughtthemanaroomforthenight

alongwithahoteveningmeal.Inthecarafterwedroppedoffthestranger,Iheardmydad

saytomymum,"IjusthopethatifJerryeverneedsanything,thiskindnesswillbereturned

to

Weekslater,Dadtoldmyuncleabouttheyoungman.Myunclesuggestedthatperhaps

mydadshouldn'thavetakentheriskofhavingastrangerinourcar.Mydadreplied,t6You

areabsolutelyright.Ishouldhaveinvitedhimintoourhome.”

4.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"intrudeon“inparagraph2mean?

A.Disturb.B.Scare.C.Embarrass.D.Upset.

5.Howdidtheauthor'sfatherhelpthestranger?

A.Byprovidingabedforhiminthebasement.

B.Bylettinghimstayforthenightinthecar.

C.Bytakinghimtoahotelinanothertown.

D.Bycookingahoteveningmealforhim.

6.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor'sfamily?

A.Thefamilyhadfivechildrenintotal.

B.JerrywasservinginthearmyintheUSA.

C.Theyhadnospareroomforthehitchhiker.

D.Dadwishedhiseldersontobetreatedkindly.

7.Whatdidtheauthor'sunclethinkofhisfather'sdeed?

A.Worthwhile.B.Inappropriate.C.Inspiring.D.Unbelievable.

Almostallnewparentsstruggletogetenoughsleepwhilecaringfortheirnewborns.For

somepenguin（企鹅）parents,though,periodsofsleepareespeciallyshort.

ResearchersrecentlyfoundthatChinstrappenguinsonlysleepforaboutfoursecondsata

timeinordertoprotecttheireggsandnewbornchicks.Theydothisthousandsoftimes

throughouttheday.Theshort“microsleeps''totalaround11hourseachday.Themicrosleeps

appeartobeenoughtokeeptheparentsgoingformanyweeks.

NielsRattenborg,asleepresearcherattheMaxPlanckInstituteforBiological

IntelligenceinGermany,said,“What'ssurprisingisthatthepenguinsareabletofunction

okayandsuccessfullyraisetheiryoung.”

ChinstrappenguinsusuallylaytheireggsinNovemberinnestsmadeupofsmallrocks.

Mated（交配的）pairsshareparentingresponsibilities.Oneparentusuallywatchestheeggs

andchicksalonewhiletheothergoesofffishingforfamilymeals.Adultpenguinsdon'tface

manynaturalenemiesinthematingseason.Butlargebirdscalledbrownskuaseatthe

penguineggsandsmallchicks.Otheradultpenguinsmayalsotrytostealthesmallrocks

fromthenests,sopenguinparentsmustalwaysbeonguard.

Forthefirsttime,scientistsfollowedthesleepingbehaviorofChinstrappenguins.They

didthisbyattachingdevicesthatmeasurebrainwaves.Theycollecteddataon14adultsover

11daysonKingGeorgeIslandoffthecoastofAntarctica.

WonYoungLee,abiologistattheKoreanPolarResearchInstitute,thoughtoftheidea

forthestudywhenhesawmatingpenguinsoftenblinking（眨）theireyesandpossibly

sleeping.Buttheteamneededtorecordbrainwavestoconfirmtheanimalsweresleeping.

“Forthesepenguins,microsleepshavesomerestorativefunctionshesaid.Headdedthat

theywouldnotsurvivewithoutit.

Theresearchersdidn'tcollectsleepdataoutsidethematingseason.Buttheysuspectthat

thepenguinsmaysleepforlongerperiodsatothertimesoftheyear.

8.WhathaveresearchersfoundaboutChinstrappenguins?

A.Theytaketurnstotakecareoftheyoung.

B.Theysleepforseveralsecondsatatime.

C.Theyrestfor11hoursinaroweveryday.

D.Theybehavepoorlyduetolackofsleep.

9.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?

A.Thehabitatsofthepenguins.B.Thelivinghabitsofthepenguins.

C.Thematingseasonsofthepenguins.D.Thenaturalenemiesofthepenguins.

10.WhichofthefollowingmightWonYoungLeeagreewith?

A.Microsleepsofthepenguinsmatterintheirsurvival.

B.Ifsdifficulttorecordbrainwavesofthepenguins.

C.Thepenguinsmaysleeplongerthanpeoplebelieve.

D.Morefundsareneededtofurtherstudythepenguins.

11.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?

A.Abookreview.B.Atravelbrochure.

C.Asciencejournal.D.Achemistrytextbook.

Whenpeoplethinkofwordinnovatorsthroughouthistory,malewriterslikelycometo

mind.Shakespeareiscreditedwithinventingmorethan1,700words,including“bedroom”,

“courtship"and"swagger”.CharlesDickensissaidtohavefirstusedthewords

“butterfingers"and"doormat"，andDr.Seussreportedlycameupwith“nerd”.

Butdespitecontributionsfromfamouswriters,historianssayanothergrouphasaneven

greaterimpactonthedevelopmentoflanguage:teenagegirls.Womenleadupto90percent

oflinguistic（语言的）changes,associolinguistWilliamLabovobservedintheearly2000s.

Infact,hewrote,womenareoftenlinguisticallyaheadofmen“byafullgeneration".

Nowwomenareleadingthechargeonline.ThoughOxfordUniversityPress'2023word

oftheyear,"rizz”,meaningcharm,wascoinedbyaman,severalrunners-up,including

“situationship''and"swiftie“wereinspiredorfirstusedbywomen.Theterm“goblinmode”,

whichreferstolazybehavior,wasOxford's2022wordoftheyearandappearstohavebeen

firstusedbyawomanonTwitterin2009.

It'softenimpossibletotellwhofirstusednewwords.Butwhetherornotyounggirls

inventnewphrases,theyaremorelikelytobeearlyadoptersofthelatestlingo（术语），says

UniversityofTorontolinguistSaliTagliamonte,"They'repushingchangesforward."

Thereareahandfulofpossiblereasonswhygirlsleadlexical（词汇的）innovation.

AccordingtoGretchenMcCulloch,authorofBecauseInternet:UnderstandingtheNewRules

ofLanguage,womentendtobemoresociallyaware.Theyhavelargersocialcirclesandmay

beexposedtomorelanguagediversity.Andbecausewomentendtobecaregivers,boys

usuallylearnlanguagefromtheirmothers,whereaswomenandgirlslearnwordsfromother

women.

12.Whydoestheauthormentionsomewordscoinedbymalewriters?

A.Tocomparemaleandfemalewriters.

B.Tointroducesomewell-knownwriters.

C.Toleadinthetopictobetalkedabout.

D.Toputforwardapointtobeproved.

13.Whichofthefollowingwordswasinventedbyamale?

A.Rizz.B.Situationship.C.Swiftie.D.Goblinmode.

14.Whothinkswomen'ssocialawarenesscontributestolexicalinnovation?

A.Dr.Seuss.B.WilliamLabov.

C.SaliTagliamonte.D.GretchenMcCulloch.

15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.NewWordsAreAddedtoEnglishDictionaries

B.FemaleTeensTakeaLeadinLinguisticChanges

C.WomenAreMoreSensitivetoLanguageDiversity

D.NewTermsMakeCommunicationMoreColorful

二、七选五

16.HowtoDealwithAwkwardSilences

Weallknowwhatit'slikewhenaconversationdiesoffandyou9relefttositinsilence.

①Thankfully,fillingthesesilencesisn'tasdifficultasitmayseem.Readonto

learnhowtoinitiatesmalltalkanddealwithawkwardsilences.

•Thinkoftopicsaheadoftime.

Beforeattendingasocialevent,thinkofafew"go-to“topicstojumpstartadead

conversation.Thiswillhelpyoutofillthesilencesinsteadofstrugglingforwordsinthe

moment.Recentnews,localevents,popularbooksandtelevisionshowsareallgoodfallback

options.②

•Askopen-endedquestions.

Askquestionsthathavemorethanonepossibleanswer.(3)Theyhelpavoid

resultinginshortresponse.Forexample,insteadofasking,"Didyoulikeyourhighschool?99,

youcouldask,"Whatdidyoulikeaboutyourhighschool?"

Aswithanygoodconversation,thebiggestkeyistolisten.Iftheyrespondtoyour

questionwithashortstatementsuchas"Yes"or"No”,thatmightindicatethattheyaren't

comfortabletalkingaboutaparticularsubject.Instead,talkaboutsomethingthatyouknow

they!reinterestedin.Forexample,66Iheardyouwonyourfootballgametheothernight.I'd

lovetohearaboutit.”

•Giveacompliment（表扬）.

⑤Forexample,youcouldsay,“Ireallylikeyourshirt.Wheredidyouget

it?”Thiscouldmovetheconversationinanotherdirectionwhilemakingtheotherpersonfeel

good.Sticktosayingnicethingsifyou'retryingtomakesmalltalk.

A.Keeptheconversationflowing.

B.Italsoallowsyoutospendmoretimetogether.

C.Listencarefullyandrespondtotheirreactions.

D.There9sonlyonewordtodescribeit:awkward.

E.Thisisalwaysasafebet,aslongasifsappropriate.

F.Suchquestionsarelikelytogetthepersontalkingmore.

G.However,avoidsomesubjectsthatmaycausearguments.

三、完形填空（15空）

Growinguponafarm,ToriJamesspentmuchofherearlyyearsoutdoors,building

sheltersandplayinginmuddystreams.She]herselfasanambitiousandadventurous

childandowestheDukeofEdinburghAwardtoherlovefor2,Jamessaysshecould

neverhave3thatonedayshemightbetheyoungestBritishwomanto4the

peakofMountEverest.

Today,Jamesisa（n）5adventurer.Alongsidehersuccessfulclimboftheworld's

6peakin2007,shewasamemberofthefirstall-femaleteamto7atiring650-

kilometreskiracetotheMagneticNorthPolein2005,andin2014shesetthe8for

thelongestnon-stopopen-seakayakcrossinginUKwaters.

Yetaheadofherfirstexplorationattheageof18,Jameshad9herabilitytolasta

monthoutinthecoldwithoutthecomfortofahotbath.“It'sonlyby10ourcomfort

zonethatweunderstandourtruepotential/9sheexplains,"That'swhenthe11

happens."

Jamesencourageswould-beadventurersnottobe12bytheconventionalimage

oftherugged（粗犷的），hardyexplorer."Iamsuchabelieverthat,withtherightsupportand

skills,everyonecanbring13toanexploration/9sheadds,"Sometimes,it'sonlyoutin

thefieldthatsomeone9s14talentsemerge,15intheprocessofexploration.99

17.A.describesB.admitsC.imaginesD.praises

18.A.wildlifeB.scienceC.explorationD.competition

19.A.explainedB.understoodC.declaredD.predicted

20.A.measureB.approachC.admireD.reach

21.A.patientB.ordinaryC.professionalD.honest

22.A.coldestB.highestC.prettiestD.straightest

23.A.completeB.coachc.judgeD.cancel

24.A.recordB.dateC.goalD.standard

25.A.lostB.doubtedC.limitedD.developed

26.A.enteringB.restoringC.leavingD.expanding

27.A.emergencyB.accidentC.eventD.magic

28.A.pushedaheadB.keptapartC.cheeredupD.putoff

29.A.somethingB.nothingC.anythingD.everything

30.A.academicB.creativeC.hiddenD.artistic

31.A.eventuallyB.particularlyC.generallyD.obviously

四、短文填空

32.Acomposting(堆月巴)programatTheWesleySchoolinLosAngelesishelping

studentsgethands-onexperienceandways①_________(handle)human-drivenclimate

change.Forthepastyear,alltheleftoverfoodwastefromtheschoolhasgoneinto

compostingcontainersratherthanalandfill②________itwouldbeburiedandwould

produceplanet-warminggases.

Theschool'scompostingprogram®(come)intobeingin2022,andthisyear,

theschoolhelda(4)(celebrate)torevealwhathappenedinsideaseriesoffive-

foot-tallcontainers.StevenWynbrandt,alocalfarmer©compostingconsultant

whohashelpedtheschoolwithitsprogram,brokethetiesthatheldthecontainerclosed.

Richblackcompostspilledoutfromthecontainer.

Theschoolwillusethecompostonplantsaroundcampus.Somewill®

(offer)tofamiliesthatwanttouseitathome,andwhateverisleftwillbedonated.

Ittakestwohoursforthecontainertobeemptiedandpreparedtoreceive®

nextday'slunchleftovers.Theothercontainersremainfulloffoodwastethatisinthe

processof®(break)down.Decorated©(poster)ontheoutsideof

eachcontainerindicatewhentheycanbeopenedsothatthenextgenerationofplantson

campuscanbenefit®therichsoil.

五、书面表达

33.假如你是李华，你市电视台正面向留学生开展主题为“FeelofChina”的短视频

(shortvideo)征集活动。请给你的留学生朋友Chris写一封邮件，鼓励他参加，内容

包括：

1.活动介绍；

2.内容要求。

注意：

L写作词数应为80个左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

DearChris,

Howareyoudoing?

Yours,

LiHua

六、读后续写

34.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短

文。

ItwasJuly2019andmymumRebeccawastakingmeona120kmwalkingholidayfrom

PortugaltoSpainasaspecialtreatformy10thbirthday.Oneday,whilewalkingalongthe

coastalpathstaringoutattheAtlanticocean,IchattedawaytoMum."WhenLexiturns.10,

areyougoingtotakeheronatriplikethis?”Iasked,referringtomyseven-year-oldsister.

MumsaidLexihadalreadyaskedtogotoSvalbardinthenorthofNorwaybecauseshewas

crazyaboutpolarbears.

AlthoughIwasstillonmyfirstspecialtrip,I'dbeenlearningaboutancientcivilizations

atschoolandknewI'dlovetoseesomerelicsintheflesh.SoIcontinuedsaying,uWhydon't

IgotoEgyptwhileyou'reinSvalbardwithLexi?”,addingthatmydad,Olaf,couldtakeme

there."Great,butI'mnotpayingforit."Muimreplied,chuckling.6aThafsfine.Pllpay,"I

saidJTllsaveupmypocketmoneyandgetajob.n

SothafsexactlywhatIdid.ThoughIwastooyoungtodoanyotherpaidwork,Ihadmy

ownsolution.Istartedsavingmy$10-a-weekpocketmoney.Also,Iwashedmyparents9car

ormowedthelawnforextracash.

In2020,wemovedtoPerth.Oneday,Isawapamphlet（小册子）intheletterbox

advertisingajobdeliveringcatalogues.WhenItoldMumIwantedtodoit,shetriedtoput

meofftheidea,remindingmethattheworkwastiringandtime-consuming.Butwhenseeing

thedeterminationinmyeyes,sheagreedtocallthem.Thankfully,myyoungagedidn't

botherthem-Igotthejob.OnaMonday,amountainofcataloguesweredroppedoffatour

house,whichshockedmealot.Itoldmyselftocalmdownanddedicatedtowork.Ittookme

ninehourstosortthroughthem.Atfirst,Iusedmybikeandcarriedthecataloguesinmy

backpacktodeliverthemto430housesinmyarea.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150个左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Afterseveraldeliveries,Ifounditwasn'tveryefficient.

Threeandahalfyearslater,Isavedamassive$6,500,andDadandIflewtoCairo,

Egypt.

参考答案

1.答案：D

解析：细节理解题。根据IconsofBritishFashion,Oxfordshire部分的“Palaceentry

ticketsarevalidforayearandcost£38foradults,£22forunder-16s.（白金汉宫门票有效期

为一年，成人票价38英镑，16岁以下票价22英镑。）”可知，一对夫妻和一个5岁的

小孩参观Blenheim的展览花费38x2+22=98英镑。故选D。

2.答案：D

解析：细节理解题。根据Toulouse-LautrecinBath部分的“Anewexhibition,Toulouse-

LautrecandtheMastersofMontmartre,opensatVictoriaArtGalleryinBathinApril.More

than30piecesfromtheartist'scolourfulcareerwillbeshownalongsideworksbyother

artistsoftheday.（今年4月，一场名为《图卢兹-罗特列克与蒙马特大师》的新展览将在

巴斯的维多利亚美术馆开幕。这位艺术家丰富多彩的职业生涯中的30多件作品将与当

时其他艺术家的作品一起展出。）“和NationalGallerygoesontour部分的“TheNational

Gallerycelebratesits200thanniversaryon10May.Tomarktheoccasion,thegalleryis

lending12ofitsmosticonicpaintingsto12venuesacrosstheUK.（国家美术馆将于5月10

日庆祝其成立200周年。为了纪念这一时刻，该画廊将向英国12个场馆出借12幅最

具代表性的画作。广可知，这两个地方的共同之处在于他们都让游客享受艺术。故选

Do

3.答案：C

解析：细节理解题。根据BackinTimeatBeamish部分的“Atrulyrecreated1950s

picturehouseatBeamishwilloffervisitorsachancetorecallthegoldenageofmovie-going.

Thecinemawillbethelatestadditiontoa“1950sTown“openedlastsummerattheliving

historymuseum.Adults£24.95,children£15.45,afamilyoffour£63.50,validfora

year.（在比米什，一座真正重现了20世纪50年代的电影院将为游客提供一个回忆电影

黄金时代的机会。这家电影院将是去年夏天在活历史博物馆开放的“20世纪50年代小

镇”的最新成员。成人24.95英镑，儿童15.45英镑，四口之家63.50英镑，有效期一

年。）”可知，1950年代的PictureHouse参观是一个全年的活动。故选C。

4.答案：A

解析：词句猜测题。由文章第二段划线词所在句子“heaskedmydadifhecouldsleepin

ourbasementforthenightforprotectionfromtherain.（他问我爸爸是否可以在我们家的地

下室过夜，以防下雨。）”可知，这个陌生人应该是不想打扰作者的家人，询问是否可

以住在地下室；由此猜测，划线词的意思是“打扰”，与disturb（打扰）。故选A。

5.答案：C

解析：细节理解题。由文章第四段中“Wedrovehim10milestothenexttown,whereDad

boughtthemanaroomforthenightalongwithahoteveningmeal.（我彳门开车带他至U10英

里外的下一个城镇，在那里爸爸给他买了一个房间过夜，还给他买了一顿热腾腾的晚

餐。厂可知，作者的父亲通过带这个陌生人去了另一个城镇的旅馆来帮助他。故选

Co

6.答案：D

解析：细节理解题。由文章第四段中“Inthecarafterwedroppedoffthestranger,Iheard

mydadsaytomymum,“IjusthopethatifJerryeverneedsanything,thiskindnesswillbe

returnedtohim."（我们把那个陌生人送上车后，我听到爸爸对妈妈说:“我只希望，如果

杰里有什么需要，这份善意能回到他那里（即他能得到帮助）。“广可知，爸爸希望他

的大儿子受到善待。故选D。

7.答案：B

解析：推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“Weekslater,Dadtoldmyuncleabouttheyoung

man.Myunclesuggestedthatperhapsmydadshouldn'thavetakentheriskofhavinga

strangerinourcar.（几周后，爸爸把那个年轻人的事告诉了叔叔。我叔叔建议说，也许

我父亲不应该冒险让一个陌生人坐在我们的车里。）”可知，作者的叔叔认为他父亲的

行为是不合适的。故选B。

8.答案：B

解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的"ResearchersrecentlyfoundthatChinstrappenguins

onlysleepforaboutfoursecondsatatimeinordertoprotecttheireggsandnewbornchicks.

Theydothisthousandsoftimesthroughouttheday.Theshort''microsleeps“totalaround11

hourseachday.（研究人员最近发现，为了保护它们的蛋和刚出生的小企鹅，Chintstrap

企鹅一次只睡大约4秒钟。他们一天中这样做数千次。短暂的“微睡眠”每天总计约11

小时）”可知，研究发现，企鹅为了保护它们的蛋和刚出生的企鹅，它们一次只睡大约

几秒钟。故选B。

9.答案：B

解析：主旨大意题。根据第四段的“ChinstrappenguinsusuallylaytheireggsinNovember

innestsmadeupofsmallrocks.Mated（交配的）pairsshareparentingresponsibilities.One

parentusuallywatchestheeggsandchicksalonewhiletheothergoesofffishingforfamily

meals.Adultpenguinsdon'tfacemanynaturalenemiesinthematingseason.（颈带企鹅通常

在n月在由小岩石组成的巢穴中产卵。配对的人分担养育子女的责任。父母中的一方

通常独自照看鸡蛋和小企鹅，而另一方则外出捕鱼与家人团聚。成年企鹅在交配季节

不会遇到很多天敌）”以及全段可知，本段主要介绍了企鹅的生活习惯，包括产卵的时

间，如何养育小企鹅等。故选B。

10.答案：A

解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的‘"'Forthesepenguins,microsleepshavesome

restorativefunctions,hesaid.Headdedthattheywouldnotsurvivewithoutit.（他说：“对于

这些企鹅来说，微睡眠具有一些恢复功能。:他补充说，没有它，他们将无法生存）”

可推知，WonYoungLee认为睡眠对于企鹅的生存至关重要。故选A。

11.答案：C

解析：推理判断题。根据全文内容以及第二段的"Researchersrecentlyfoundthat

Chinstrappenguinsonlysleepforaboutfoursecondsatatimeinordertoprotecttheireggs

andnewbornchicks.（研究人员最近发现，为了保护它们的蛋和刚出生的小企鹅，

Chintstrap企鹅一次只睡大约4秒钟）”可知，本文主要讲述研究人员最近发现，帽带企

鹅每次只睡大约四秒钟，以保护它们的蛋和新生的小企鹅。他们一天要这样做几千

次。所以本篇文章最有可能出自科学杂志。故选C。

12.答案：C

解析：推理判断题。由文章第二段“Butdespitecontributionsfromfamouswriters,

historianssayanothergrouphasanevengreaterimpactonthedevelopmentoflanguage:

teenagegirls.Womenleadupto90percentoflinguistic（语言的）changes,associolinguist

WilliamLabovobservedintheearly2000s.Infact,hewrote,womenareoftenlinguistically

aheadofmen“byafiillgeneration”.（但是，历史学家说，除了著名作家的贡献外，另一

个群体对语言的发展产生了更大的影响：少女。正如社会语言学家威廉・拉博夫在21

世纪初观察到的那样，女性主导了90%的语言变化。事实上，他写道，女性在语言上

往往比男性领先“整整一代”）“可推知，作者提到一些男性作家创造的词是为了引出要

谈论的话题，即女性群体对语言的发展产生的影响。故选C。

13.答案：A

解析：细节理解题。由文章第三段中“ThoughOxfordUniversityPress'2023wordofthe

year,"rizz”,meaningcharm,wascoinedbyaman,severalrunners-up,including

“situationship"and"swiftie"wereinspiredorfirstusedbywomen.（牛津大学出版社评选

的2023年度词汇中，意为“魅力”的“rizz”是由一位男性创造的，但包括“situation”和

“swi仕ie”在内的几个亚军都是由女性启发或首次使用的）”可知，“rizz”是由一位男性创

造的。故选A。

14.答案：D

解析：细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“AccordingtoGretchenMcCulloch,authorof

BecauseInternet:UnderstandingtheNewRulesofLanguage,womentendtobemore

sociallyaware.（《因为互联网：理解语言的新规则》一书的作者格雷琴・麦卡洛克认

为，女性往往更有社会意识）”可知，格雷琴・麦卡洛克认为女性的社会意识有助于词汇

创新。故选D。

15.答案：B

解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第二段中“Butdespitecontributionsfrom

famouswriters,historianssayanothergrouphasanevengreaterimpactonthedevelopment

oflanguage:teenagegirls.（但是，历史学家说，除了著名作家的贡献外，另一个群体对

语言的发展产生了更大的影响：少女）”可知，文章主要介绍了女性青少年对语言的发

展产生的影响。由此可知，FemaleTeensTakeaLeadinLinguisticChanges（女性青少年

在语言变化中起主导作用）适合作本文最佳标题。故选B。

16.答案：①-⑤DGFCE

解析：①上文"Weallknowwhatit'slikewhenaconversationdiesoffandyou5relefttosit

insilence.（我们都知道当一次谈话结束，你只能静静地坐着时是什么感觉）”说明谈话结

束无话可说的局面非常令人尴尬。空处顺接前文，说明无话可说的感觉非常的尴尬。

D项”只有一个词可以形容它：尴尬。“符合语境。该项中的awkward是标题中该词的

复现。故选D。

②上文“Recentnews,localevents,popularbooksandtelevisionshowsareallgoodfallback

options.（最近的新闻、当地的活动、受欢迎的书籍和电视节目都是不错的后备选择）”说

明最近的新闻，活动，受欢迎的书籍和电视节目都是可以提前选择的话题。空处和前

文形成转折关系，说明选择话题时需要注意的问题。G项中的“somesubjects”和前文中

的topics相呼应，所以G项“但是，要避免一些可能引起争论的话题。”符合语境。故

选G。

③上文“Askquestionsthathavemorethanonepossibleanswer.（提出有多个可能答案的问

题）”说明想要打破沉默，可以提出有多个答案的问题。空处承上启下，说明这样做的

好处。F项中的“Suchquestions”和时前文中该词的复现，下文中的They指代的也是

“Suchquestions”,说明这样的问题可能会让对方多说话。故选F。

④下文“Aswithanygoodconversation,thebiggestkeyistolisten.Iftheyrespondtoyour

questionwithashortstatementsuchas"Yes"or"No”,thatmightindicatethattheyaren't

comfortabletalkingaboutaparticularsubject.（与任何好的谈话一样，最大的关键是倾

听。如果他们用“是”或“否”等简短的回答来回答你的问题，这可能表明他们对谈论某

个特定的话题感到不舒服）”说明本段所给建议为先要认真倾听，在根据听到了的信息

做出回应。C项“仔细倾听并回应他们的反应。”适合做本段的主旨句，统领全段。故

选C。

⑤下文“Forexample,youcouldsay,“Ireallylikeyourshirt.Wheredidyougetit?”This

couldmovetheconversationinanotherdirectionwhilemakingtheotherpersonfeelgood.

（例如，你可以说：“我真的很喜欢你的衬衫。你从哪里买的？”这可以把谈话推向另一

个方向，同时让对方感觉良好）”以及本段的主旨句说明需要赞扬对方，这样会让对方

感觉良好。空处为下文中举例所列举的事实。E项中的“asafebet”指代标题中的“a

compliment”，说明赞美只要是合适的，就是在交谈中起到作用。所以E项“只要合

适，赞美总是一个安全的选择。”符合语境。故选E。

17.答案：A

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把自己描述成一个雄心勃勃、爱冒险的孩子，并

将爱丁堡公爵奖归功于她对探索的热爱。A.describes描述；B.admits承认；C.

imagines想象；D.praises赞扬。根据后文“herselfasanambitiousandadventurouschild^^

可知，这是托里・詹姆斯自己对自己的描述。故选A项。

18.答案：C

解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：她把自己描述一个雄心勃勃、爱冒险的孩子，并将

爱丁堡公爵奖归功于她对探索的热爱。A.wildlife野生动物；B.science科学；C.

exploration探索；D.competition竞争。根据前文的“ToriJamesspentmuchofherearly

yearsoutdoors,buildingsheltersandplayinginmuddystreams.”可知，托里•詹姆斯热爱探

索。故选C项。

19.答案：D

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：詹姆斯说，她从来没有预料到有一天她可能会成为

到达珠穆朗玛峰最年轻的英国女性。A.explained解释；B.understood理解；C.

declared声明；D.predicted预料。她会成为登上珠穆朗玛峰最年轻的英国女性，这样

的成就是她以前没有预料到的。故选D项。

20.答案：D

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：詹姆斯说，她从来没有预料到有一天她可能会成为

到达珠穆朗玛峰最年轻的英国女性。A.measure测量；B.approach接近；C.admire钦

佩；D.reach到达。根据后文的"thepeakofMountEverest.”可知，她到达珠穆朗玛峰。

故选D项。

21.答案：C

解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如今，詹姆斯是一名职业冒险家。A.patient有耐

心的；B.ordinary普通的；C.professional专业的；D.honest诚实的。詹姆斯是一名职

业冒险家。故选C项。

22.答案：B

解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她在2007年成功攀登了世界最高峰，2005年，

她是第一支全女子团队的成员，完成了650公里的滑雪比赛，到达磁北极。A.coldest

最冷的；B.highest最高的；C.prettiest最漂亮的；D.straightest最直的。她攀登的是珠

穆朗玛峰，是世界最高峰。故选B