适用于新高考新教材广西专版2025届高考英语一轮总复习语法专题突破专题四非谓语动词课件新人教版

语法专题突破专题四非谓语动词英语增素能精准突破一、作定语【真题语境】◆动词-ing形式1.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Theytalktothefloodofinternationaltouristsandto

(visit)Chinesezookeeperswhooftencometocheckonthepandas,whichareonloanfromChina.

2.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventureandoffersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyour

(ache)legs.

visiting

aching

◆动词不定式3.(2022·全国甲卷)Avisually-challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi’an,asafirststep

(journey)theBeltandRoadroute(路线)byfoot.

tojourney◆动词-ed形式4.(2023·全国甲卷)Behindthesimplestyle,however,isaseriousmessage

(intend)foreveryone.

5.(2023·全国乙卷)...itishometomorethan3,000yearsofglorioushistoryevendowntoitslayout,withthecitykeepingitscarefully

(build)systemofringroads.

6.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Shanghaimaybethe

(recognize)homeofthesoupdumpling,butfoodhistorianswillactuallypointyoutotheneighboringancientcanaltownofNanxiangasxiao

long

bao’sbirthplace.

intended

builtrecognized【用法点拨】

动词-ing形式动词-ing形式与被修饰的名词之间为主谓关系,表示正在进行的、主动的动作(havingdone/havingbeendone不作定语)不定式①动词不定式作定语时,通常放在所修饰词的后面。②动词不定式与所修饰词之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系、动宾关系或同位关系过去分词过去分词与被修饰的名词之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,表示已经完成或被动(不及物动词的过去分词作定语只表示已经完成)二、作状语【真题语境】◆动词-ing形式1.(2023·全国甲卷)...herfablebegins,

(borrow)somefamiliarwordsfrommanyage-oldfables.

2.(2023·全国乙卷)

(visit)severaltimesoverthelast10years,Iwasamazedbytheco-existenceofoldandnew,andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遗产)whileconstantlygrowing.

3.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)...soIamalwaysleft

(want)morenexttime.

borrowing

Havingvisitedwanting

4.(2022·全国甲卷)Heflew4,700kilometersfromXi’antoKashgaronSept.20,

(plan)tohikebacktoXi’aninfivemonths.

5.(2022·全国乙卷)Tostrengthentheconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia,_______

(invite)twenty-nineteaprofessionalsfromaroundtheworldtohavethirty-sixhoursofuninterruptedlivebroadcasts.

6.(2021·新高考Ⅱ卷)Iwasupsettolearnthatmanyseaanimalseatplasticgarbage,

(think)itisfood.

7.(2021·全国甲卷)After

(spend)sometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhatbetterthantorideonapieceofhistory!

planninginviting

thinking

spending

◆动词不定式8.(2023·全国甲卷)Forthousandsofyears,peoplehavetoldfables(寓言)

(teach)alessonortopassonwisdom.

9.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthatwerepreviouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority

(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.

10.(2021·新高考Ⅱ卷)Idecidedtodosomething

(educate)peopleaboutthisproblem.

toteachtoincreasetoeducate【用法点拨】

不定式①表示目的②表示结果:onlytodo;enoughtodo;so/such...astodo;too...todo③表示原因等动词-ing形式①表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随情况等②一般式表示与主句同时进行③完成式强调发生在主句谓语动词之前过去分词与主句主语之间是被动关系【点津】以下是独立成分作状语,其形式不受上下文的影响。considering/giventhat...鉴于/考虑到……generallyspeaking一般来说judgingby/from...依据……来判断supposing/providingthat...假如……owingto...由于……totellthetruth实话实说speakingof...谈及……tobehonest说实话三、作补足语【真题语境】◆动词-ing形式1.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds

(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.

◆过去分词2.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Theymakegreatgiftsandyouseethemmanytimes

(decorate)withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.

surrounding

decorated

◆动词不定式3.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Nanxiangaside,thebestxiao

long

baohaveafineskin,allowingthem

(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithouttearingorspillinganyoftheircontents.

tobelifted【用法点拨】

不定式有些动词或动词短语后接不定式作宾语补足语,即“动词(短语)+宾语+todo”,如advise,want,allow,permit,persuade,remind,invite,dependon,callon等过去分词过去分词作宾语补足语时,表示被动和完成,宾语补足语与宾语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系动词-ing形式动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时,句中的宾语与宾语补足语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系【点津】find,leave,keep后一般跟动词-ing形式和过去分词作补足语,而不跟动词不定式。四、作主语和宾语【真题语境】◆动词-ing形式1.(2023·全国乙卷)Asaphotographer,Ihavespentthelasttwoyears

(record)everythingIdiscovered.

2.(2021·全国乙卷)Minimizetheimpactof

(visit)theplace.

3.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷)Scientistshaverespondedby

(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(错觉)thatpopulationsarehigherthantheyactuallyare.

4.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷)A90-year-oldhasbeenawarded“WomanoftheYear”for

(be)Britain’soldestfull-timeemployee—stillworking40hoursaweek.

recording

visiting

noting

being

◆动词不定式5.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether

(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),ortoputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue(舌头).

6.(2021·全国甲卷)Itispossible

(walk)orbiketheentire14kilometers.

tobitetowalk【用法点拨】

非谓语动词作主语作宾语动词-ing形式表示一般性、习惯性的动作,或抽象性的动作,或表示主语的特征。常用于以下结构中:①Itisnouse/good/fun/nicedoing...;Itis/wasuselessdoingsth;It’sawasteoftimedoingsth②Thereisnodoing...1.动词的宾语。只能跟动词-ing形式作宾语的动词和动词短语有suggest,imagine,mind,admit,practise,risk,keep,avoid,escape,enjoy,consider,finish,miss,keepon,insiston,lookforwardto,feellike,getdownto,objectto等2.介词的宾语非谓语动词作主语作宾语不定式表具体的或一次性的动作,特别是将来的动作。常用句型:It’s+adj.+for/ofsb+todosth1.动词的宾语。只能跟不定式作宾语的动词和动词短语有beg,offer,wish,hope,decide,refuse,promise,pretend,manage,want,plan,fail,choose,wouldlike等2.少数介词,如but,except后可跟不定式作宾语过去分词不能作主语不能作宾语五、作表语【真题语境】1.(2018·全国Ⅲ卷)Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoidlookingdirectlyintohiseyessohedoesn’tfeel

(challenge).

2.(2018·浙江卷)Whileregularlyeatingoutseemsto_______________

(become)commonformanyyoungpeopleinrecentyears,it’snotwithoutacost.

challenged

havebecome【用法点拨】

非谓语动词作表语不定式表具体的或一次性的动作,特别是将来的动作Whoistoblameforit?动词-ing形式表示一般性、习惯性的动作或抽象的动作,或表示主语的特征Whatyousaidisreallyinspiring.过去分词说明主语的状态,或表示被动动作Thecityissurroundedbymountains.测效果课堂评价一、练时鲜——单句语法填空1.Shanghaisimplifiedtheproceduresforskilledforeignersworkinginthecitytogetresidencepermitswithinthreedays,thecity’slatestmeasure_________

(attract)overseasworkers.

2.Thestudy,

(base)onanApril2021surveyof1,200parentsandteens,isthefirstsuchstudyinJapan.

3.OnFebruary17,ZhangGuimeireceivedanawardforbeingoneofChina’s

(inspire)rolemodelsbyTVprogrammeTouching

China

2020.

4.NorwegianJeanetteHeggDuestadwasthedarkhorseinthequalification,

(set)anOlympicrecordof632.9points.

5.Thisprojectreflectstheincreasingimportance

(attach)toculturalheritageprotectioninrecentyears.

toattractbased

inspiring

setting

attached二、练模拟——单句语法填空1.(2023·福建宁德重点中学高三一模)Exercising,particularlyoutdoors,driveshugementalhealthbenefits,rangingfromreducingdepressionandanxietyto

(enhance)self-esteem(自尊心).

2.(2023·浙江高三5月联考)Theministrywillmakecontinuousefforts

(increase)theproportionofgreenbuildings,raisebuildingenergyefficiencystandardsandpopularizebuildingswithextra-lowenergyconsumptioninregionswithsuitableclimateconditions.

3.(2023·广西玉林高三三模)

(control)throughsticksandstrings,puppets(木偶)candovariousmovementsvividly.

enhancing

toincreaseControlled

4.(2023·广东深圳高三第一次调研)Meanwhile,heisalsoamazedbythemoderncity

(combine)high-endbusinessesandvariousindustries.

5.(2022·广西柳州三模)

(mark)its50thanniversary,theChinaNationalSpaceAdministrationannouncedthenameforthecountry’sMarsplanetaryexplorationprogrammeonApril24th.

6.(2022·山东枣庄二模)IntheearlyWesternHanDynasty,ageneral_______

(name)JiBuwasknownforbeingcourageousandhonest.

combining

Tomarknamed

7.(2022·广西柳州三模)Inthepoem,Quraisedaseriesofquestionsconcerningthesky,stars,naturalphenomena,mythsandtherealworld,

(reflect)hisdoubtsontraditionalideasandhispursuitoftruth.

8.(2022·山东临沂二模)Theeffectisperhapsnotentirely_____________

(surprise).

reflecting

surprising三、练语篇——语法填空(2023·重庆重点中学高三5月模拟)Innovationiskeytobusiness1.

(survive),andalotofresourceshavebeeninvestedbycompaniesintoinspiringemployeestodevelopnewideas.Nevertheless,therearepeople2.

(work)incomfortable,enjoyableandstate-of-the-artcentersaimed3.

stimulatinginnovationwhofin