专题07 阅读理解七选五之方法策略10篇+环境保护6篇+文化4篇(模考好题20篇)(教师解析版)

专题07阅读理解七选五之方法策略10篇+环境保护6篇+文化4篇(模考好题20篇)一、概述七选五阅读正文部分通常是一篇完整的文章，有五个句子被挖空，正文后给出七个选项，均为完整句子，要求考生根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。此题型拓宽了阅读理解能力考察的深度和广度，考查学生句子和语篇两个层面的阅读能力和领悟能力，以及对整个语篇的衔接手段与连贯性的洞察力。总之，七选五的题型难度要大于传统的阅读理解题，对学生把握文章结构脉络、逻辑思维能力和语言综合运用能力，有更高的要求。二、技巧点拨1、如果空白处在段首，则答案通常是段落主题句，做题时，应认真阅读本段内容，概括段落大意，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。2、如果空白处在段中，段中的空白处多位于段落主题句之后，与上下文构成明显的逻辑关系：如常见的分述细化主题的并列关系、语义发生变化的转折关系，对上诉概念的解释说明、举例论证，这些句子起衔接上下文的作用，因此成为历年高考语篇考查的重中之重。3、如果空白处在段尾，则答案通常是结论或概括性的语句。空白处前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。做题时注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词如therefore,asaresult,thus,hence,inshort,tosumup,toconclude,inaword等词语。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接，即空白处起前后两段过渡作用。模拟演练01人与自我--方法/策略Passage1(2024·河北沧州·一模)Thinkingaboutadoptingahealthylifestyle?Congratulations!Therearesomanyreasonsforadoptingahealthylifestyle.Herearesometipstohelpyougetstartedwithyournewhabits.Beforeyoubegin,askyourselfsomequestions,whatareyourreasonsforthinkingaboutahealthierlifestyle?1Yourwhyshouldreflectyourvaluesandwhat’simportanttoyou.Knowingyourspecificwhywillhelpyoutonotjustgetstarted,butwillhelpkeepyoufocusedandmotivatedasitguidesyourjourney.Focusonbehaviors,notresults.2Butswitchingyourfocusfromoutcomestothenewhabitsyou’recreatingandactionsyou’retakingismorebeneficial.It’sactuallysomedailyhealth-promotingbehaviorsthatwillcreatechangeandcanleadtothehealthoutcomesyoudesire.3RememberRomewasn’tbuiltinaday!Andthingslikeyoureatinghabits,cookingskills,athleticabilities,andmorewon’tchangeovernight.Thisisalsowhyyoudon’tneedalonglisttellingyoueverythingyouneedtostopdoing.Youjustneedtotakethefirststep.Rememberit’snotallornothing.Ahealthylifestyleisneverallornothing.4Sofocusoneatingfoodsandcreatinghabitsthatmakeyoufeelgood.Canyoudoitforever?Oneofthemostimportantthingstoaskyourselfwhenbuildinghealthyhabitsis,“Canyoudoitforlife?”Sure,youcouldprobablysticktoadietforashortperiod,butcanyouseeyourselfdoingthatforever?5A.Startsmallandtakesteadysteps.B.Whyisdoingthisimportantforyou?C.Makealistofhabitsyouwanttobuild.D.It’sokaytodesireweightloss,oranyotheroutcomes.E.Inaword,fastingisharmfulandnoonewouldliketodoso.F.Ifnot,remember:temporarymethodsareequaltotemporaryresults.G.It’saboutcreatingahealthyrelationshipwithfoodandyourbody.【答案】1.B2.D3.A4.G5.F【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了养成健康的生活方式需要注意的一些事项。1.根据前文“Beforeyoubegin,askyourselfsomequestions,whatareyourreasonsforthinkingaboutahealthierlifestyle?(在你开始之前，问你自己一些问题，你考虑更健康的生活方式的原因是什么？)”可知，本段首句建议人们要问自己一些问题。因此B选项“Whyisdoingthisimportantforyou?(为什么做这件事对你很重要？)”可以和前句并列，都是相关方面的问题，符合语境。故选B。2.根据本段段旨“Focusonbehaviors,notresults.(关注行为，而不是结果)”以及后文“Butswitchingyourfocusfromoutcomestothenewhabitsyou’recreatingandactionsyou’retakingismorebeneficial.(但是把你的注意力从结果转移到你正在养成的新习惯和你正在采取的行动上是更有益的)”可知，本段主题句建议人们要关注行为而不是结果，同时后文以but开头，故设空处与后文构成转折关系。D选项“It’sokaytodesireweightloss,oranyotheroutcomes.(渴望减肥或其他结果是可以的)”可知，此处强调渴望减肥或者其他结果是可以的，后文与本句构成转折关系，强调要把结果转移到正在养成的新习惯或者正在采取的行动上，则更有益，同时此处outcomes与段旨中results为同义词，该选项符合语境。故选D。3.本句位于句首，是段落的主题句。根据后文的内容“RememberRomewasn’tbuiltinaday!Andthingslikeyoureatinghabits,cookingskills,athleticabilities,andmorewon’tchangeovernight.(记住罗马不是一天建成的!你的饮食习惯、烹饪技巧、运动能力等等都不会在一夜之间改变)”可知，此处强调罗马不是一夜建成的，习惯是要慢慢改变。A选项“Startsmallandtakesteadysteps.(从小处开始，循序渐进)”概括本段主要内容，符合段旨。故选A。4.根据前文“Ahealthylifestyleisneverallornothing.(健康的生活方式从来都不是要么全做要么根本不做)”推知，空处应陈述真正的健康生活应该是怎样的。G选项“It’saboutcreatingahealthyrelationshipwithfoodandyourbody.(这是关于在食物和你的身体之间建立健康的关系)”承接前文，指出健康的生活方式是什么——关于在食物和你的身体之间建立健康的关系。故选G。5.根据前文“Canyoudoitforever?Oneofthemostimportantthingstoaskyourselfwhenbuildinghealthyhabitsis,“Canyoudoitforlife?”Sure,youcouldprobablysticktoadietforashortperiod,butcanyouseeyourselfdoingthatforever?(你能永远这样做吗？当你养成健康的习惯时，你要问自己的一个最重要的问题是：“你能坚持一辈子吗？”当然，你可能会在短时间内坚持节食，但你能看到自己永远这样做吗？)”可知，此处强调人们在养成健康的生活方式时要问问自己这样做是否能够坚持一辈子。F选项“Ifnot,remember:temporarymethodsareequaltotemporaryresults.(如果没有，请记住：临时方法产生临时结果。)”承接前文，指出如果不能坚持一辈子，那么临时的方法只能产生临时的结果，符合语境。故选F。Passage2(2024·湖南·二模)HopontheSilentWalkingTrendSilentwalkinginvolveswalkingoutdoorswithoutdistractionslikemusicorconversations,focusingonthemind-body-natureconnection.1That’saslower,lower-impactwaytorelaxandisgreatforfitness.Here’severythingyouneedtoknowaboutthetrend.Selectanaturalsettingandfullyengageyoursenses.Forreapingthementalhealthbenefits,itisrecommendedtofindaquietandpeacefulnaturallocation.2Meanwhile,consciouslyobservingthesights,sounds,smells,andphysicalsensationsduringthewalkcansignificantlyimpactcognitiveandemotionalwell-being.Tostimulatethemind,considerexploringdifferentroutesthanusual.Withoutyourfavouritepodcastorplaylist,youmightslipintoboredomonyourwalk.3Anditmightevenbegoodforyourbrain.Scientistsapplaudthevirtuesofboredomforbrainhealth,believingthatitboostscreativityandimprovessocialconnections.Andifyoudogetbored,restassuredthatitshowsyou’vedisconnectedfromexternaldistractions.Gowithit,andmakesureyoutakeadifferentrouteeachtime—it’llkeepyoumotivated.Startoffwithfive-minutesilentwalksandeventuallybuilduptothirtyminutes.Ifyou’reusuallyaheadphonewearer,itwillfeelsuperweirdtowalkwithoutyourgo-totunes,butgiveyourselfasecondtoadjust.Chancesare,onceyou’reafewminutesintoyoursilentwalk,you’llfeelthemagickickin.4Regularreflectionandongoingdocumentationareessential.Aftercompletingasilentwalk,taketimetoreflectuponanyemergingthoughts,feelings,orinsights.5Journalingabouttheexperiencecanalsosolidifyconnectionsbetweenthoughtsandideas,providingavaluabletoolforself-reflectionandgrowth.A.Butbeingboredwon’thurtyou.B.Takingdifferentpathscanleadtoexcitingdiscoveries.C.Adjustingtheroutinegraduallycanhelpeaseintotheexperience.D.You’llalsostartnoticingthelittlethingsaroundyoumoreclearly.E.TheycandeepenunderstandingandserveasarecordofpersonalgrowthF.Unlikeexercise-orientedwalking,itisn’taboutreachingcertainspeedorstepsG.Insuchanenvironment,youcanimmerseyourselfinthenaturalsoundscape(音景).【答案】1.F2.G3.A4.C5.E【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了静默行走这一趋势，探讨了如何进行静默行走，以及这种行走方式对健康的好处，特别是对促进认知和情感福祉的潜在影响。1.上文“Silentwalkinginvolveswalkingoutdoorswithoutdistractionslikemusicorconversations,focusingonthemind-body-natureconnection.(静默行走包括在户外行走，不受音乐或对话等干扰，专注于身心自然的联系)”以及下文“That’saslower,lower-impactwaytorelaxandisgreatforfitness.Here’severythingyouneedtoknowaboutthetrend.(这是一种较慢、影响较小的放松方式，非常适合健身。以下是您需要了解的有关趋势的所有信息)”说明静默行走是一种适合健身的运动方式。空处补充上文内容，并引出下文。F项中的it指代前文中的Silentwalking，“reachingcertainspeedorsteps”和下文中的“That’saslower,lower-impactway”相呼应，说明静默行走不关注到特定的速度或步数，而是以一种较慢、影响较小的放松方式行走。所以F项“与以锻炼为导向的行走不同，它不关注达到特定的速度或步数”符合语境。故选F。2.上文“Selectanaturalsettingandfullyengageyoursenses.Forreapingthementalhealthbenefits,itisrecommendedtofindaquietandpeacefulnaturallocation.(选择一个自然的环境，充分利用你的感官。为了获得心理健康的好处，建议找一个安静、宁静的自然地点)”说明静默行走需要选择找一个安静、宁静的自然地点。空处与前文内容形成因果逻辑关系，G项中的“Insuchanenvironment”和前文中的“aquietandpeacefulnaturallocation”相呼应，说明在这样安静和自然的环境下，你就可以沉浸在自然的音景中。故选G。3.上文“Tostimulatethemind,considerexploringdifferentroutesthanusual.Withoutyourfavouritepodcastorplaylist,youmightslipintoboredomonyourwalk.(为了刺激大脑，可以考虑探索与平时不同的路线。如果没有你最喜欢的播客或播放列表，你可能会在散步时陷入无聊)”说明如果平时喜欢博客等，在静默散步时就会感到无聊。空处和前文形成转折关系，所以提出的“无聊的积极影响”提供铺垫。A项中的But引出了与上文相对的观点，表明尽管无聊可能被视为不愉快的体验，但它并非有害，这为下文科学家对无聊的积极评价提供了逻辑上的衔接。A项“Butbeingboredwon’thurtyou.”符合语境。故选A。4.上文“Ifyou’reusuallyaheadphonewearer,itwillfeelsuperweirdtowalkwithoutyourgo-totunes,butgiveyourselfasecondtoadjust.Chancesare,onceyou’reafewminutesintoyoursilentwalk,you’llfeelthemagickickin.(如果你通常是一个戴耳机的人，在没有音乐的情况下走路会感觉非常奇怪，但给自己一秒钟的时间来调整。很有可能，当你安静地散步几分钟后，你会感觉到神奇的力量开始了)”说明当你调整自己去接受静默行走时，你会发现它神奇的力量。空处是对上文的承接，并呼应段落主题。空格所在的段落讨论了开始进行静默行走的建议，从五分钟开始，逐渐增加到三十分钟。C项“逐渐调整常规可以帮助轻松进入体验”符合语境，与上文提到的从短时间开始逐步增加时间相呼应，说明逐步调整可以帮助人们适应没有音乐的行走。故选C。5.上文“Aftercompletingasilentwalk,taketimetoreflectuponanyemergingthoughts,feelings,orinsights.(在完成一次静默行走后，花时间反思任何新出现的想法、感受或见解)”说明在完成静默行走后需要做出反思。空处与前文内容形成逻辑上的解释关系，说明反思的重要性。E项中的They指代前文中的“anyemergingthoughts,feelings,orinsights”，说明E“它们可以加深理解并作为个人成长的记录”符合语境，与上文建议的反思活动相呼应，强调了记录这些想法、感受或领悟对于加深个人理解和记录个人成长的重要性。故选E。Passage3(2024·山东·三模)Timeisavaluableresource,especiallyforthosewhoneedtodealwithacademicdemands,personalgrowth,andsocialactivitiesatthesametime.Effectivetimemanagementnotonlyleadstoincreasedproductivity,butreducesstress.1.Herearesomestrategiestohelpyoungadultsmastertheartoftimemanagement.Settingclearandachievableshort-termandlong-termgoalsisessentialforyouth.2They’llalsodistributetimeaccordingly.Whetherit’sstudyingforexamsorpursuingpersonalinterests,havingwell-definedgoalsprovidesasenseofdirection.Meanwhile,importancelevelsoftaskscanvary.Byfocusingonkeytasksandminimizingtimespentonunimportantones,youngadultscanperfecttheirtimemanagement.3Itmakesefficientuseoftheirtime.Whetherusingaplanneroracalendarappschedulingspecificblocksoftimefordifferentactivities,includingstudytime,exercise,socializing,canleadtobettertimeuse.Furthermore,learningtosaynoisavaluableskillforyouth.Withnumerousopportunitiesandinterests,it’seasytobecomeoverwhelmed.Bybeingselectiveaboutcommitments,youngadultscanarrangetheirtimeandenergywisely.Sayingnotonon-essentialactivitiesfreesuptimeforimportanttasks.4.Inthepursuitofpersonalsuccess,youngadultsoftenfindthemselvescaughtupinaseriesofresponsibilitiesandcommitments.However,it’sessentialforthemtorecognizethatlifeshouldn’tbelikethis.Self-careplaysavitalroleintimemanagement.5Byensuringtheymaintainahealthywork-lifebalance,youngadultscanrechargetheirenergylevels,improvefocus,andincreaseproductivity.Thatway,theyperfecttimeusageandpavethewayforsuccess.A.Thatactuallypreventsover-commitment.B.Oneshouldconstantlyreviewhowtimeisspent.C.Itcreatesopportunitiesforpersonaldevelopmentaswell.D.Developingadailyschedulehelpsyoungadultsstayorganized.E.Puttingthingsoffconstantlyisacommontimemanagementproject.F.Byknowingwhattheywanttoaccomplish,theycanprioritizetheirtasks.G.Youthshouldvalueadequaterestandactivitiesthatpromotetheirwell-being.【答案】1.C2.F3.D4.A5.G【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些可以帮助年轻人提高效率，减轻压力的时间管理策略。1.根据上文“Effectivetimemanagementnotonlyleadstoincreasedproductivity,butreducesstress.(有效的时间管理不仅能提高工作效率，还能减轻压力)”可知，通过介绍时间管理的好处，引出下文介绍时间管理的策略，因此空处应该承接上文，进一步阐述时间管理的好处，C选项“它也为个人发展创造了机会。”符合语境。故选C项。2.根据上文“Settingclearandachievableshort-termandlong-termgoalsisessentialforyouth.(制定明确和可实现的短期和长期目标对青年至关重要)”可知，设定可实现的短期和长期目标是重要的，且本段末“Byfocusingonkeytasksandminimizingtimespentonunimportantones,youngadultscanperfecttheirtimemanagement.(通过专注于关键任务，减少在不重要的事情上花费的时间，年轻人可以完善他们的时间管理)”表明要聚焦重要的任务，因此空处应对上文“设定目标”做进一步阐述，F选项“通过知道他们想要完成什么，他们可以优先考虑他们的任务。”承上启下，符合语境。故选F项。3.根据下文“Itmakesefficientuseoftheirtime.Whetherusingaplanneroracalendarappschedulingspecificblocksoftimefordifferentactivities,includingstudytime,exercise,socializing,canleadtobettertimeuse.(它有效地利用了他们的时间。无论是使用计划器还是日历应用程序，为不同的活动安排特定的时间块，包括学习时间、锻炼时间、社交时间，都能让你更好地利用时间)”可知，本段主张制定每日计划可以帮助年轻人做事有条理，D选项“制定一个日常时间表有助于年轻人保持有序。”引出下文，符合语境。故选D项。4.根据上文“Bybeingselectiveaboutcommitments,youngadultscanarrangetheirtimeandenergywisely.Sayingnotonon-essentialactivitiesfreesuptimeforimportanttasks.(通过对承诺有选择性，年轻人可以明智地安排他们的时间和精力。把不重要的事情说不可以腾出时间去做重要的事情)”可知，拒绝不必要的事情可以空出时间去做重要的事，避免在不重要的事情上过度投入。A选项“这实际上可以防止过度承诺。”承接上文，符合题意，故选A项。5.根据上文“Self-careplaysavitalroleintimemanagement.(自我照顾在时间管理中起着至关重要的作用)”及下文“Byensuringtheymaintainahealthywork-lifebalance,youngadultscanrechargetheirenergylevels,improvefocus,andincreaseproductivity.(通过确保他们保持健康的工作与生活平衡，年轻人可以补充他们的能量水平，提高注意力，提高效率)”可知，本段主张自我照顾是时间管理中的重要一环，空处应承上启下，强调年轻人应该保证充足的休息，提升健康水平、维持工作与生活的平衡。G选项“青年应该重视适当的休息和促进他们健康的活动。”符合语境。故选G项。Passage4(2024·江苏·二模)Ifyouaretryingtoassessaperson’scharacter,makesureyoudonotrelytooheavilyonfactorsthatcanbemisleading.Instead,observetheindividual’sabilitytotellthetruthandtocommit.1Youcantellalotaboutaperson’scharacterbyobservinghowhetreatsotherpeople.2Itmaybedifficulttodeterminehowhetreatsdifferenttypesofpeopleifyouonlyencounterhiminasingleenvironment,suchastheworkplace.Itisoftenpossible,however,togetsomeideaofhismannerofinteractionwithdifferenttypesofpeoplethroughconversationwithhim.Whetherornotapersonishonestsaysalotabouthischaracter.Theattitudeapersonhasabouthonestycanalsoindicatewhattypeofpersonheis.3Tosomedegreethetypesoflieshemaytellandhismotivesfordoingsomatter.4Theword“commitment”oftencausespeopletoinstantlythinkofcloserelationships.Whetherapersoncanrespectthevows(誓约)andagreementsisusuallyanindicationofcharacter.Aperson’scharacterisaffectedbyhisattitude.5Attitudecanaffectmanyaspectsofaperson’slife,includinghowhardheworksandhisabilitytobesupportiveofothers.Whenyouaretryingtoassesssomeone’scharacter,rememberthatitconsistsofqualitiesandhabitsthatformhisidentity.A.Moreimportantly,it’snecessarytocontinuehisinnerstruggle.B.Thelevelofcommitmentindicatesthetypeofcharacterhehas.C.Therearemanyotherthingsinlifethatmayrequirecommitment.D.Thisincludesbothpeopleheknowsandpeoplehedoesnotknow.E.Also,payattentiontohisattitudeandtrytodistinguishhowitimpactshislife.F.Observetheperson’sconversationsandtrytodeterminehowoftenhetellslies.G.Somepeoplegenerallyhaveanegativeoutlookwhileothersmaytrytobepositiveevenindifficultsituations.【答案】1.E2.D3.F4.B5.G【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何评估一个人的性格，给出了具体的方法和建议。1.根据前文“Ifyouaretryingtoassessaperson’scharacter,makesureyoudonotrelytooheavilyonfactorsthatcanbemisleading.Instead,observetheindividual’sabilitytotellthetruthandtocommit.(如果你试图评估一个人的性格，确保你不要过于依赖可能会误导人的因素。相反，观察一个人说真话和承诺的能力)”可知，此处在讲述应该通过哪些方面去评估一个人的性格，所以E项“Also,payattentiontohisattitudeandtrytodistinguishhowitimpactshislife.(同时，注意他的态度，并试着区分它是如何影响他的生活的)”符合此处主题，承接上文，讲述通过他的态度去评估一个人的性格。故选E项。2.根据前文“Youcantellalotaboutaperson’scharacterbyobservinghowhetreatsotherpeople.(你可以通过观察一个人如何对待别人来了解他的性格)”可知，D项“Thisincludesbothpeopleheknowsandpeoplehedoesnotknow.(这包括他认识的人和他不认识的人)”是对前句提及的“别人”的详细补充，符合文意。故选D项。3.根据前文“Whetherornotapersonishonestsaysalotabouthischaracter.Theattitudeapersonhasabouthonestycanalsoindicatewhattypeofpersonheis.(一个人是否诚实在很大程度上反映了他的性格。一个人对诚实的态度也可以表明他是什么类型的人)”可知，本段主要讲述了通过观察一个人是否诚实来评估他的性格，所以F项“Observetheperson’sconversationsandtrytodeterminehowoftenhetellslies.(观察这个人的谈话，试着确定他说谎的频率)”符合本段主题。故选F项。4.分析设空处，位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“Theword“commitment”oftencausespeopletoinstantlythinkofcloserelationships.Whetherapersoncanrespectthevows(誓约)andagreementsisusuallyanindicationofcharacter.(“承诺”这个词通常会让人们立刻联想到亲密的关系。一个人是否能尊重誓言和协议通常是一个人性格的标志)”可知，本段主要讲述通过观察一个人是否能遵守承诺来评估一个人的性格，所以B项“Thelevelofcommitmentindicatesthetypeofcharacterhehas.(承诺的程度表明了他的性格类型)”符合本段主题，其中commitment为同词复现。故选B项。5.根据前文“Aperson’scharacterisaffectedbyhisattitude.(一个人的态度影响他的性格)”可知，本段主要讲述一个人对事物的态度会影响他的性格，所以G项“Somepeoplegenerallyhaveanegativeoutlookwhileothersmaytrytobepositiveevenindifficultsituations.(有些人通常持消极态度，而有些人即使在困难的情况下也会努力保持积极态度)”是对前文的详细解释，符合文意。故选G项。Passage5(2024·浙江金华·二模)Haveyoueverwonderedwhyyouwanttodosomething,orwhatcausespeopletogothroughextraordinarypainorpersonalinvestmentjusttoachieveaparticularoutcome?1Motivation.Motivationisthereasonforpeople’sactions,goals,andwillingnesstopursuethegoals.Sometimesitseemsdifficulttofind,butweallhavethatsparkatourcore.Herearesomewaysyoucanturnthatsparkbackintoaflame.2Ifyourmotivationisfading,noticewhenthisstartstohappenandwhateventscouldhavedrivenit.You’llfindthatyou’remorelikelytofeelboredwhenyou’reincertainenvironments.Asyoubecomemoreawareofthis,youcanputyourselfinsituationswhereyou’remorelikelytothrive.Keepathankfulnessjournal.3Whenthey’reawareofwhatthey’rethankfulfor,itdrivestheminspecificareasoftheirlives.Consideringthis,youmayfindvalueinkeepingathankfulnessjournalwhereyouregularlylistblessings.Designanaccomplishmentbook.Creativepeoplemaydowelltodesignanaccomplishmentbookwithimagesofpastworkandaccomplishmentsasaformofencouragement.Itcanbeasinformalorformalasyou’dlike.Itmightbeasimplescrapbookyoukeepatyourdesk,oraprofessionallyprintedbookletthatyoukeepbyyourbed.4Getoutofthehouse.Ifyourlifeconsistsofgoingtowork,cominghome,watchingNetflix,andgoingtosleep,youshouldn’tbesurprisedthatyou’reunmotivated.5Stretchingyourselfwillexposeyoutonewideas,activities,andpeople,whichwilleitherstrikeupnewmotivationorrekindlethingsyouhaveforgottenabout.A.What’sthepossiblesolution?B.Identifywhenmotivationslips.C.What’sattheheartofthisissue?D.Decidewhatworksbestforyouandgiveitatry.E.Athankfulnessjournalisaperfectwaytoshowyourgratitudetoothers.F.Somepeoplefindthatthankfulnessandmotivationaredirectlyconnected.G.Makeitapointtogooutdoorsandtrynewthingsevenwhenyoudon’twantto.【答案】1.C2.B3.F4.D5.G【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了获得动机的几个方法。1.根据上文“Haveyoueverwonderedwhyyouwanttodosomething,orwhatcausespeopletogothroughextraordinarypainorpersonalinvestmentjusttoachieveaparticularoutcome?”(你有没有想过为什么你想做某事，或者是什么让人们经历了巨大的痛苦或个人投资，只是为了达到一个特定的结果？)根据下文“Motivation”(动力)可知，选项在问一个问题，而下文是对上文的回答。故C选项“这个问题的核心是什么?”切题。故选C项。2.根据下文“Ifyourmotivationisfading,noticewhenthisstartstohappenandwhateventscouldhavedrivenit.”(如果你的动力正在消退，注意这种情况何时开始发生，以及是什么事件导致了这种情况。)可知，要确定动机何时消失。故B选项“确定动机何时消失。”切题，为本段的标题。故选B项。3.根据下文“Whenthey’reawareofwhatthey’rethankfulfor,itdrivestheminspecificareasoftheirlives.”(当他们意识到他们要感恩的东西时，它会驱使他们在生活的特定领域中前进。)可知，动机和感恩是相关联的。故F选项“有些人发现感恩和动机是直接相关的。”切题。故选F项。4.根据上文“Itmightbeasimplescrapbookyoukeepatyourdesk,oraprofessionallyprintedbookletthatyoukeepbyyourbed.”(它可能是你放在桌子上的一个简单的剪贴簿，或者是你放在床边的一本专业印刷的小册子。)可知，选项总结上文，说明要找到合适自己的，尝试一下。故D选项“决定什么最适合你，然后试一试。”切题。故选D项。5.根据下文“Stretchingyourselfwillexposeyoutonewideas,activities,andpeople,whichwilleitherstrikeupnewmotivationorrekindlethingsyouhaveforgottenabout.”(伸展自己会让你接触到新的想法、活动和人，这要么会激发新的动力，要么会重新点燃你已经忘记的东西。)可知，选项鼓励人们要到户外尝试新的事物和想法。故G选项“即使你不想去，也要去户外尝试新事物。”切题。故选G项。Passage6(2024·江苏·模拟预测)Whenwearefacedwithacrisis,orifwehaveanimportantdecisiontomake,manyofusfallintothetrapofover-thinking.Wemaykeepthinkingaboutsomethingconstantlyandtoolong.1Howcanwestopourselvesfromover-thinking?Doingsomethingtodistractyourselfisagoodidea.Youcanfindworkingwithyourhandsisespeciallygood.2Yourbrainsimplydoesn’thavetheresourcestosplititselfintoathirdactivity,forexampleover-thinking.3Studieshaveshownthatwhensomeoneviewssomethinginexcitementandanxiety,thebrainisforcedtobecomestuckinthepresentbecauseallofyoursensesarecompletelyengaged.Youdonothavetimetofocusonsomethingdifferent,whichcancauseover-thinking.Constantwishing,hopingandprayingdonotgiveyouanyrelief.Theyjustkeepyoustuckinoneplace.Buttakingthesmalleststepoffthecrisisreallymatters.Itwillsetthingsinmotion,makingyoulikeasnowball.4Thetrapsarethingsthatcauseyournaturalabilitytoreactwithoutyourealizingthatthereisaconnectionbetweenthetwo.Thus,avoidingrelevanttrapsisalsoagoodidea.5Forexample,ifoneofyourcolleaguesissonegativethatshealwaysdragsyoudown,stophangingoutwithherbyhavinglunchaloneatanearbyrestaurant.A.Thismindsettendstoruinourday.B.Putsimply,outofsight,outofmind.C.Justasasayinggoes,oncebitten,twiceshy.D.Youarereallygettingyourbrainworkingforyou.E.Otheractivitiesaretheonesthatarouseyourcuriosity.F.Itengagesyourmovementskillsandthinkingprocess.G.Thus,youwillgraduallymoveyourselfoutofthefeeling.【答案】1.A2.F3.E4.G5.B【导语】这是一篇说明文。本篇主要讲了一些阻止我们过度思考的方法。1.根据上文“Wemaykeepthinkingaboutsomethingconstantlyandtoolong.(我们可能一直在想某件事，而且想得太久了)”和下文“Howcanwestopourselvesfromover-thinking?(我们怎样才能阻止自己过度思考呢？)”可知空格前后都是关乎over-thinking这种心态，所以选项说明过度思考的不良影响，故A选项“这种心态往往会毁了我们的一天”符合语境，故选A。2.根据前文“Youcanfindworkingwithyourhandsisespeciallygood.(你会发现用手干活特别好)”和后文“Yourbrainsimplydoesn’thavetheresourcestosplititselfintoathirdactivity,forexampleover-thinking.(你的大脑没有足够的资源把自己分成第三个活动，比如过度思考)”可以推断这里填的是动手的两方面，故F选项“它涉及你的运动技能和思维过程”符合语境。故选F。3.根据后文“Studieshaveshownthatwhensomeoneviewssomethinginexcitementandanxiety,thebrainisforcedtobecomestuckinthepresentbecauseallofyoursensesarecompletelyengaged.Youdonothavetimetofocusonsomethingdifferent,whichcancauseover-thinking.(研究表明，当一个人在兴奋和焦虑中看到某事时，大脑被迫陷入当下，因为你所有的感官都完全参与其中。你没有时间去关注不同的事情，这会导致过度思考)”可知，第三段整段，用兴奋、焦虑的态度看事情会抑制过度思考，兴奋对应E选项中的curiosity。且第二段doingsomething和E选项中的other对应上，故E选项“其他的活动会引起你的好奇心”符合语境。故选E。4.根据上文“Constantwishing,hopingandprayingdonotgiveyouanyrelief.Theyjustkeepyoustuckinoneplace.Buttakingthesmalleststepoffthecrisisreallymatters.Itwillsetthingsinmotion,makingyoulikeasnowball.(不断的希望、希望和祈祷并没有给你任何解脱。他们只会把你困在一个地方。但在危机中迈出最小的一步真的很重要。它会让事情动起来，让你像个雪球)”可以推断把事情拆成小步骤，然后一点点滚雪球式完成，故G选项“因此，你会逐渐摆脱这种感觉”突出一个gradually逐渐，符合语境。故选G。5.根据前文“Thetrapsarethingsthatcauseyournaturalabilitytoreactwithoutyourealizingthatthereisaconnectionbetweenthetwo.Thus,avoidingrelevanttrapsisalsoagoodidea.(陷阱是在你没有意识到这两者之间有联系的情况下，引起你的自然反应能力的事情。因此，避免相关的陷阱也是一个好主意)”和后文的例子远离负面情绪朋友，故B选项“眼不见心不烦”符合语境。故选B。Passage7(2024江苏镇江高三下·阶段练习)Wintercancausedamagetoyourskin,anditcanfeellikethere’snoescape.1Happily,therearemanywaystodealwithdryskinandkeepyourselfcomfortable.•Useahumidifier(加湿器)toincreasehumidity.Inthecoolerwintermonths,ahumidifierinyourhomeorofficewillrestoremoisturetotheair,helpingtokeepyourskinhydrated(含水的).Runahumidifierinyourentirehomeorinroomsyouspendthemosttimein,andaimtokeepindoorhumiditylevelsbetween30and50percent.2Ifyou’reunsureofyourhome’shumiditylevels,youcanbuyahumiditymeter.•Keepthermostat(恒温器)temperaturescoolandcomfortable.Ifyou’relookingtoescapedry,coldoutdoorair,youarelikelytoturnontheheatassoonasyougethome.3Tryacoolyetcomfortablesettingtopreventyourskinfromdryingfurther-theAmericanOsteopathicCollegeofDermatologyrecommends68to75degreesF.•4Long,steamyshowersmaysoundlikeagreatideawhenit’scold,butveryhotwatercandryouttheskin.A5-to10-minutewarmshowerislesslikelytoworsendryskinthanahotone.Youshouldalsoavoidusingexcessivelyhotwatertowashyourhands.Dryskinfromexposuretohotwaterorcoolwinteraircancauseaneczema(湿疹).5Ifyoustillexperiencedryness,discomfort,andrednessaftertryingthesehealthyskintips,expertssuggestusinganover-the-counterIpercenthydrocortisonecreamortalkingwithyourdoctor.A.Firstly,applyhandcreamaftereachwashing.B.It’squiteunusualtofindyourskinredanddryinwinter.C.Oneoptionistoturnitonovernightwhileyou’resleeping.D.Lowerwatertemperaturesforshoweringandhand-washing.E.Buthighcentralheatcanmaketheairinyourhouseevendrier.F.Coolerwaterseemstobeaseffectiveandismorefriendlytotheskin.G.Eventhethingsthatmakewinterwonderful,suchassittingbyaroaringfire,candryyourskin.【答案】1.G2.C3.E4.D5.F【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个在冬季也能处理皮肤干燥并保持舒适的方法。1.由上文“Wintercancausedamagetoyourskin,anditcanfeellikethere'snoescape.(冬天会对你的皮肤造成伤害，而且感觉无处可逃。)”以及后文“Happily,therearemanywaystodealwithdryskinandkeepyourselfcomfortable.(令人高兴的是，有很多方法可以处理皮肤干燥并保持舒适。)”可知，空前提到了皮肤在冬季可能会出现不舒服的感觉，空处后提到了处理皮肤干燥并保持舒服的方法。G项Eventhethingsthatmakewinterwonderful,suchassittingbyaroaringfire,candryyourskin.(即使是那些让冬天变得美好的事情，比如坐在熊熊燃烧的火炉旁，也会使你的皮肤干燥。)符合文意，该项提到了在冬季会让皮肤变得干燥的原因，引出后文中对抗皮肤干燥以及解决问题的方法，起到承上启下的作用。故选G项。2.由上文“Useahumidifier(加湿器)toincreasehumidity.(使用加湿器增加湿度)”可知，该段提到了加湿器能在一定程度上改善皮肤干燥的状况，再由上文“Runahumidifierinyourentirehomeorinroomsyouspendthemosttimein,andaimtokeepindoorhumiditylevelsbetween30and50percent.(在你的整个家或你呆的时间最长的房间里安装一个加湿器，目标是将室内湿度保持在30%到50%之间)”可知，加湿器可以将室内湿度保持在30%到50%之间。C项Oneoptionistoturnitonovernightwhileyou'resleeping.(一种选择是在你睡觉的时候把它打开过夜)符合语境，其中it指代上文ahumidifier，有承上作用。故选C项。3.由上文“Ifyou’relookingtoescapedry,coldoutdoorair,youarelikelytoturnontheheatassoonasyougethome.(如果你想逃离干燥、寒冷的室外空气，你很可能一回家就打开暖气)”可知，为了避寒可以打开暖气，E项Buthighcentralheatcanmaketheairinyourhouseevendrier.(但是，高的中心热量会使你家的空气更加干燥。)符合语境，指出暖气会让皮肤干燥。故选E项。4.由下文“Long,steamyshowersmaysoundlikeagreatideawhenit’scold,butveryhotwatercandryouttheskin.A5-to10-minutewarmshowerislesslikelytoworsendryskinthanahotone.(在寒冷的时候，长时间的蒸汽淋浴听起来可能是个好主意，但热水会使皮肤变干。与热水淋浴相比，5到10分钟的温水淋浴不太可能恶化干燥的皮肤)”以及“Youshouldalsoavoidusingexcessivelyhotwatertowashyourhands.Dryskinfromexposuretohotwaterorcoolwinteraircancauseaneczema(湿疹).(你也应该避免用过热的水洗手。皮肤因暴露在热水或凉爽的冬季空气中而干燥会导致湿疹)”可知，这里主要讲避免长时间热水洗澡和用过热水洗手。D项Lowerwatertemperaturesforshoweringandhand-washing.(降低淋浴和洗手的水温。)符合语境，对下文有总括作用。