高中英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性必修第一册课件Unit4ExploringpoetryReading

牛津译林版高中英语选择性必修一课件

Unit4Exploringpoetry

Reading

Howtoreadapoem制作者：桂东一中李宇平◆ 内容分析

【What】本板块的语篇是一篇演讲稿，主题是“如何读诗”。演讲者开宗明义，首先指出“诗歌是音韵和意象的结合体”；然后结合实例依次提出以下四条读诗的建议：通过读和听，感受诗歌的音韵美；通过看和想，体会诗歌的意象美；领悟诗歌意蕴莫急躁；欣赏诗歌之美勿求全。最后，演讲者期望听众能享受读诗的乐趣。

【Why】本板块以演讲的形式介绍了赏读英文诗歌的方法，旨在引导学生从音韵和意象两方面欣赏英文诗歌，领略诗歌的主题意义和语言之美，鼓励学生学会从诗歌这一文学形式中汲取营养，提高文学素养。

【How】这篇演讲稿具有结构清晰、行文流畅、逻辑严密的特点。全文共分六段，首段以“诗歌是音韵和意象的结合体”开篇，最后一段以探讨“诗歌这一音韵和意象结合体的作用”结尾，做到了首尾呼应；中间四段每段各提一条建议，行文中使用了First、Second、Third、Finally标明顺序，使读者能够迅速找到主题句并获取段落大意。作者在使用主题句简明扼要地提出建议后，还结合具体例子加以说明。除此之外，这篇演讲稿在行文中使用了疑问句、情态动词、复合形容词、非谓语动词等，使内容更加生动活泼，这有助于激发听众的兴趣，烘托演讲的气氛，增强建议的说服力。◆ 教学目标

Bytheendofthissection,wewillbeableto:1.talkaboutthemainideaofthislecturetranscript;2.interpretthefourtipsonhowtoreadapoem;3.appreciateapoemfollowingthefourtips;4.analysethewritingtechniquesofthislecturetranscript.◆ 教学过程（一）学习理解A.Understandingthetext1.Peoplewiththeimpressionthatpoetryisdifficulttounderstandoftenhesitateaboutreadingpoetry.Thelecturetranscriptbelowexplainshowtobetterunderstandandappreciatepoems.Beforeyoureadthelecturetranscript,thinkaboutthefollowingquestions:P44•Whydopeoplereadpoems?Poemscreatevividpicturesandtellstoriesbyusinglanguagecreatively.Readersenjoythechallengeoftryingtounderstandthepoet’sintentioninwritingapoem.Apoemisawindow(了解信息的渠道；窗口)intothepoet’sideasandfeelingsaboutissueshappeningduringthetimewhenitwaswritten.Readerscanlookatthepoem’sformandliterarydevices(手段；策略；方法；技巧)toseewhatthepoetsaw.Byreadingitaloud,theycanfeeltherhythmsandrhymesofthepoemaswellasthepoet’semotions.•Whataspectsofapoemdoyoupayattentiontowhenyoureadit?Ipayattentiontoapoem’sform,itsrhythmandrhyme,aswellasthewordsusedbythepoet.Thepurposeofthepoemisoftenshownbyitsform.Forexample,poetsuseextremelylongformsfornarratingstories.Apoem’srhythmandrhymehelpmeunderstandthepoet’sfeelingsthroughsound.Wordchoiceandliterarydevicesenablemetounderstandthemeaningofthepoembetter.2.Readthelecturetranscript.Poetryisacombinationof“sound”and“sense”.Morethananyothertypeofliterature,itusuallyimpliesadeepermeaningbeyondthewordsonthepage.So,howtorevealthishiddendimension?诗歌是“音”与“意”的融合。与其他任何文学类型相比，诗歌通常隐含着超越字面的更深层含义。那么，如何揭示隐藏的这个方面呢？morethan+名词(名词从句或起名词作用的动词不定式)，一般可以译作“不只”“不仅仅”、超过”、“远不止”、“不同于”等。例如：Peaceismuchmorethantheabsenceofwar.和平不仅仅是意味着没有战争。Mathematics,muchmorethantechnology,hasalifeofitsownindependentofscience.数学与技术不同，它本身有一段不依赖科学的历史。First,followyourears.Whileyoumayask“Whatdoesitmean?”asyoubeginreadingapoem,itisbettertoask“Howdoesitsound?”Evenifitstruemeaningappearstobebeyondyourgrasp,youcanalwayssaysomethingabouthowthepoemsoundswhenyoureaditaloud.

beyondone’sgrasp“无法理解”。如：Hehasagoodgraspofvariouspaintingstyles.他对各种绘画风格都了如指掌。Thisessayisbeyondthegraspofanaveragehighschoolstudent.这篇散文是一般中学生不能理解的。Doyoudetectarhythm?Arethereanyrepeatedwords,rhymesorotherspecialeffects?Allofthesearegoodqualitiestonotice,andtheymayleadyoutoabetterunderstandingofthepoemintheend.Readtheselinestofeelhowtheysound.朗读下面这几句诗，感受它们的音律。Sweetandlow,sweetandlow,Windofthewesternsea,Low,low,breatheandblow,Windofthewesternsea!Overtherollingwatersgo,Comefromthedyingmoon,andblow,Blowhimagaintome;Whilemylittleone,whilemyprettyone,sleeps.(From“SweetandLow”byAlfredTennyson)轻轻地，柔和地；轻轻地，柔和地，西边的海风，吹过，拂过，轻轻，轻轻，西边的海风！来自月色朦胧，拂过波涛汹涌，请将他再吹向我；当我的小宝贝，小可爱，已入梦。（摘自阿尔弗雷德 · 丁尼生《轻轻地，柔和地》）Second,approachthepoemasifyouwereanexplorerinanunfamiliarlandscape.Asksomebasicquestionsaboutthepoem.Whoistalking?Whoisbeingtalkedto?Whatisbeingdescribed?Isthereasenseofplace?Arethereotherpeopleorobjectsthere?Asyouexplorethepoem,youwillbegintoseeimagesinyourmind.Whatarethoseimages,andwhathappenswhentheyareputtogether?Thiscombinationisoftencomplexorevencontradictory.Asyouslowlyexploreyoursurroundings,youwillstarttodigupcluesthatgiveyouagreaterunderstandingofthepoem.Readtheselines,payattentiontotheimageofthecagedbirdandtrytofindoutwhatitmeans.putsth↔together组装；组织；汇集toputtogetheramodelplane/anessay/ameal组装飞机模型；构思文章；准备饭菜Ithinkwecanputtogetheraverystrongcaseforthedefence.我想我们能够为辩方整理出十分有力的论据。puttogether（用于与一组人或事物作比较）合计，总和，合起来Yourdepartmentspentmorelastyearthanalltheothersputtogether.去年，你们部门的开支比其他所有部门合起来都多。puttwoandtwotogether根据所见所闻推断He’sinclinedtoputtwoandtwotogetherandmakefive.他爱捕风捉影，听风就是雨。Thecagedbirdsingswithafearful(恐惧的;害怕的)trillofthingsunknownbutlongedforstillandhistuneisheardonthedistanthillforthecagedbirdsingsoffreedom.(From“CagedBird”byMayaAngelou)笼中之鸟，撕心裂肺，啼啭啾啾所唱是未知之物，却依然渴求歌声传到了远处的山丘因为笼中的鸟儿在歌唱自由。（摘自玛雅 · 安吉洛《笼中鸟》）Third,ifyouarestillstrugglingtointerpretthemeaningofapoemevenwithmuchpainstakingeffort,justhavesomepatience.Youcannotreallyunderstandapoemthatyouhaveonlyreadonce.Sometimesreadingapoemcanbealifelongjob.如果你下了很大的功夫可还是纠结于理解一首诗的意思，那就耐心一点吧。你不可能真正理解只读过一遍的诗。有时，读懂一首诗可能是一辈子的事。Soifyoudonotgetit,setthepoemasideandcomebacktoitlater.Asanexplorer,youwillnotreachyourgoalimmediately—youneedtogoonajourneytoaremoteandunknowndestination.Thismayseemdifficultatfirst,butwhenyoufinallymakeyourgreatdiscovery,youreffortswillberewarded.get理解；明白Idon'tgetyou.我搞不懂你的意思。Shedidn'tgetthejoke.她不明白那笑话的含义。Idon'tgetit─whywouldshedoathinglikethat?我不明白——她怎么会干那种事？Igetthemessage─youdon'twantmetocome.我明白这意思——你是不希望我来。comebacktosth[无被动态]回到（主题、想法等）上来Let'scomebacktothepointatissue.咱们还是回到问题的焦点吧。Itallcomesbacktoaquestionofmoney.一切又回到钱的问题上来了。Poemsthatareeasytounderstandareoftenlessinterestingthanthosethatconstantlyrevealdeeperandpreviouslyunrecognized(未被意识到的；被忽略的；不受重视的)meanings.Readtheselinesandtrytofindoutwhattheymean.WhosewoodstheseareIthinkIknow.Hishouseisinthevillagethough;HewillnotseemestoppinghereTowatchhiswoodsfillupwithsnow.(From“StoppingbyWoodsonaSnowyEvening”byRobertFrost)我想我知道这片林子的主人，尽管他住在山村。他不会见我驻足于此，凝视着他积满白雪的树林。（摘自罗伯特 · 弗罗斯特《雪夜林边小驻》）

《雪夜林边小驻》是美国现代诗人罗伯特·弗罗斯特（1874—1963）一首深受广大读者喜爱的不朽之作。弗罗斯特是美国20世纪最负盛名的诗人之一，他善于运用象征主义表现手法，用看似平淡的小事来表达深刻的哲理，巧妙地表达诗歌的主题思想。《雪夜林边小驻》中，一位步履沉重的赶路人牵着马走到一片幽深可爱的林边休息，并陶醉其中，虽然依依不舍，但不得不离开，继续他的行程。这首诗向我们展示了人在理想和现实之间的困惑和矛盾心理，表达了诗人对人生和社会的思考。Finally,rememberthatyoudonothavetofullyunderstandapoemtoappreciateit.Youmightneedtoabandonlogicalthinkingtodiscoveritstrueinnerbeauty.Aslongasthejourneyofpoetryreadingmakesyoufeelsomethingorletsyouperceiveanotherlevelofmeaning,itwillhavebeenworthyoureffort.Poetry’scombinationof“sound”and“sense”makesyouseetheworldinanewwayandallowsyoutogobeyondnormalrealityfortheeverlastingbeauty.Enjoyyourjourneyintheworldofpoetry!gobeyondsth超过（或超出）某事,=exceed[ɪkˈsiːd]Thisyear'ssalesfiguresgobeyondallourexpectations.今年的销售额大大超过我们的预期。3(A1).Thelecturetranscriptgivesfourtipsonhowtounderstandapoemfromtwoaspects.Readthelecturetranscriptagainandcompletethechartbelow.P46SoundSenseHowdoesitsound?anexplorerinanunfamiliarlandscapepatientfullyunderstandapoemtoappreciateit4(A2).Readthelecturetranscriptagaincarefullyandanswerthefollowingquestions.P461)Howispoetrydifferentfromothertypesofliterature?Morethanothertypesofliterature,itusuallyimpliesadeepermeaningbeyondthewordsonthepage.2)Whataspectsshouldyoupayspecialattentiontowhenyoureadapoemaloud?Theaspectsofrhythm,repeatedwords,rhymesandotherspecialeffects.3)Whatarethebasicquestionsyoushouldasktounderstandapoem?Whoistalking?Whoisbeingtalkedto?Whatisbeingdescribed?Isthereasenseofplace?Arethereotherpeopleorobjectsthere?4)Whatdoesthelecturerthinkofpoemsthatareeasytounderstand?Theyareoftenlessinterestingthanthosethatconstantlyrevealdeeperandpreviouslyunrecognizedmeanings.5.Readaloudthelinesfrom“SweetandLow”andusethetipinparagraph2toanalyseitssoundcharacteristics.Firstly,thewords“Windofthewesternsea”arerepeated.Secondly,thereareseveralrhymingwords:“low”rhymingwith“blow”and“go”,“sea”rhymingwith“me”.6.Readparagraph3andanswertwoquestionsrelatedtothepoem“CagedBird”accordingtothetipmentionedinthisparagraph.(1)Whatisbeingdescribed?Thepoetistalkingaboutasingingbirdwhichiskeptinacage.(2)Whatimagescomeintoyourmindwhenyouarereadingit?WhenIreadit,Icanseeinmymindtheimageofabirdinacage,whichisdesperately

['despərətlɪ]singingforfreedom.7.Readparagraphs4and5andanswerthefollowingquestions.(1)Whatshouldyoudowhenyouhavedifficultyinunderstandingapoem?Whenwehavedifficultyinunderstandingapoem,weshouldsetitasideandcomebacktoitlater.Withourinsightintolifebecomingdeeper,wemayonedayfinditnotsohardtounderstandatall.(2)Accordingtothelecturer,whatismoreimportantinappreciatingapoem?Poetryreadingcanmakeusfeelsomethingorletusperceiveanotherlevelofmeaning,whichismoreimportantandworthoureffort.（二）应用实践1.Havestudentsanswerquestion1ofA3onpage46.Chooseoneofthepoemsinthelecturetranscriptandthinkaboutthesoundandsenseofthepoem.Howdoesitmakeyoufeel?ThepoembyMayaAngeloudescribestheimageofacagedbirdwantingtobefree.Thelinesareshortandsimple,whichmakesthemessagemoredirectandpowerful.Theshortlinescouldalsoimplythesenseofbeinginasmallcagewithverylittlespacetoflyaroundin.Thisdoesnotstopthebirdfromsingingthough,andbyrepeatingthesoundofsomewords:“trill”,“still”and“hill”Icanimaginethesoundthatthebirdmakesasitsingsitslonelysong.“CagedBird”remindsmeofthepossibilitieswehaveinlife,andthatweshouldlookpast(忽视,抛开）ourcurrentlimitations.

2.Readthelecturetranscriptagainanddiscussthefollowingquestions.(1)Whatarethefunctionsofthethreepoemsquotedinthistranscript?Thefirstexample(linesfrom“SweetandLow”byAlfredTennyson)soundsgreatwithstrongrhythmanditiswritteninrhyme.Thelecturerusesittosupportthetipof“followyourears”.Thesecondexample(linesfrom“CagedBird”byMayaAngelou)includesseveralimages.Byusingit,thelecturersuggestspayingattentiontoimagesinpoemswhenreadingapoem.Thethirdexample(linesfrom“StoppingbyWoodsonaSnowyEvening”byRobertFrost)isnoteasytounderstand,whichissuitableasanexampletosupportthetipof“bepatientwhenhavingtroubleinunderstandingapoem”.(2)Whydoesn’tthelecturerquoteapoemasanexampletosupportthefourthtip?Bygivingthefourthtip,thelectureremphasizesthattheimportanceofreadingpoemsliesinwhatthepoemcanmakeusfeelorperceive.Unlikethepreviousthreetips,thistipisnotfocusingonthewaystounderstandapoem,butonwhatattitudeandexpectationsweshouldhavewhenreadingapoem.Asaresult,itisunnecessarytogiveanexampleofapoemtosupportthistipsinceitisnotrelatedtotheunderstandingofthecontentormeaningofapoem.3.Readthelastparagraphagainanddiscussinpairsthefollowingquestion.Isthelastparagraphagoodending?Whyorwhynot?Thelastparagraphisagoodending.Atthebeginningofthelecture,thespeakerpointsoutthatpoetryisacombinationof“sound”and“sense”.Thelastparagraphechoes[ˈekəuz](重复;附和)thebeginningbymentioningitagain,whichmakesthelecturemorecoherent[kəʊˈhɪərənt](一致的;连贯的,合乎逻辑的；有条理的；清楚易懂的).4.Retellthefourtipsonhowtoreadapoemwithourtextbooksclosed.Whendoingthis,wecanusethefollowingexpressions.first,grasp,detect,rhymes...second,approach,complex,contradictory,digupclues...third,interpret,patience,setaside,remote,rewarded,constantly...finally,appreciate,logical,innerbeauty,perceive...FourtipsonhowtoreadapoemFirst,followyourears.Ifthetruemeaningisbeyondyourgrasp,payattentiontothesoundofit.Forexample,readthepoemaloudtodetecttherhythmorrhymes.Second,approachthepoemasifyouwereanexplorerinanunfamiliarlandscape.Asksomebasicquestionsaboutthepoem.Sometimes,severalimagesarecombined.Thiscombinationisoftencomplexorevencontradictory.Asyouslowlyexploreyoursurroundings,youwillstarttodigupcluesthatgiveyouagreaterunderstandingofthepoem.Third,ifyoufindithardtointerpretthemeaningofapoematthemoment,justhavesomepatience.Youcansetitasideandcomebacktoitlater.Sometimesreadingapoemcanbealifelongjob.Finally,youdonothavetofullyunderstandapoemtoappreciateit.Youmightneedtoabandonlogicalthinkingtodiscoveritstrueinnerbeauty.Readingpoetrywillsurelybeenjoyableandletyouperceiveanotherlevelofmeaning.5.Discussthefollowingquestioningroupsandsharetheiropinionswitheachother.Apartfromthefourtipsgivenbythelecturer,whatothertipscanyougiveonhowtoreadapoem?Frommypointofview,tounderstandapoembetter,weshouldalsoknowmoreaboutthepoetandthebackgroundinwhichthepoemwascreated—thethemeofapoemusuallyhasacloserelationshipwiththebackgroundinwhichthepoetwroteit.6.FinishB1onpage47andthenanswertwoquestions.B.BuildingyourlanguageB1.Thepassagebelowisaboutastudent’sexperienceofreadingpoetry.Completethepassagewiththecorrectformsofthewordsandphrasesintheboxbelow.complexconstantlycontradictorydigupinterpretremoterewardsetasideIlovereadingpoetryandItryto(1)

________sometimeeachdaytoreadpoems.Poetrycantakemeto(2)

_______mountaintopscoveredwithmist;itcanalsotakemeinsidesomeoneelse’smind.Poetrycandescribethingsthataretoo(3)

________toexpressinanyotherway;itcanalsodisplaythehiddenbeautyofsimpleandordinarythings.setasideremotecomplexIlikepoemsthatare(4)

___________:itisexcitingwhenthepoetstartswithoneparticularimage,andthenaddssomethingthatseemstobeoutofplace(不得体；不适当)—itisthelineswhichstickout(醒目；显眼；引人注目)thatmakeapoeminteresting.contradictorystickout醒目；显眼；引人注目,=standoutTheywrotethenoticeinbigredletterssothatitwouldstickout.他们用红色大字写出通知，这样会显眼一些。stickoutforsth(informal)坚持要求；不得到…不罢休Theyarestickingoutforahigherpayrise.他们坚持要求更大幅度地提高工资。(5)

__________poetrycanbedifficult,butwhatIloveaboutpoetryisthatitmakesmewonder—sometimesitislikeariddlethatIwanttosolve,oraquestionthatIwanttoanswer.WhenIstartreadinganewpoem,Imaysaytomyself,“Thisisconfusing—Idon’tlikeit.”InterpretingHowever,manyofmyfavouritepoemsaretheonesIdidnotlikeatfirst.Withpoetry,IknowIhavetobepatient:Iwillnotbe(6)

_________immediately,butwhenIfinallyunderstandapoem,itwillstaywithmeforalongtime.Also,whenIreadpoetryregularly,I(7)

__________discovernewthings—eveninpoemsthatIhavereadmanytimesbefore.rewardedconstantlyReadingpoetryisliketryingtofindand(8)

______atreasure:Icanuseapoemasatreasuremapthatwilleventuallyguidemetoexcitingnewdiscoveries.Nowanswerthefollowingtwoquestions.digup(1)Whatdoestheauthormeanby“contradictorypoems”?Insomepoems,thepoetstartswithoneparticularimage,andthenaddssomethingthatseemsnottobeinthecorrectplace.Theselines,whichstickout,makethepoemsinteresting.(2)Interpretingpoetrycanbedifficult.Whydoestheauthorstillenjoyit?Becauseitmakestheauthorwonder—sometimesitislikeariddletosolve,oraquestiontoanswer.7.FinishB2.P47B2.Thelecturetranscriptusessomecompoundadjectives.Notethefollowingwordsandthinkofmorecompoundadjectivesformedinsimilarways.Thenfillinthetablewithasmanycompoundadjectivesasyoucan.Tip:FormingcompoundadjectivesCompoundadjectivesareformedwithtwoormorewords.Someofthemarewrittentogetherasonewordandsomearejoinedbyoneormorehyphens.Youcanlookthemupinthedictionaryfortherightforms.noun+verb-ingpainstakingnoun+verb-edsnow-coverednoun+adjectivelifelongadverb+verb-ingeverlastingheartbreaking令人心碎的,time-consuming,eye-catching引人注目的;显著的;handmade,tongue-tied张口结舌的sun-dried晒干的world-famous,homesick,duty-free免关税的fast-flowing水流湍急的,bestselling,far-reaching影响深远的；广泛的（三）迁移创新1.Readthetipof“Readingatextcritically”onpage46andfinishquestion2ofA3.

Tip:ReadingatextcriticallyReadingcriticallymeanshavingadialogueinyourheadwiththeauthor,relatingthetexttoyourownreasoning(推想；推理；理性的观点；论证)andexperiences,andformingyourownideasaboutthetext.Askyourselfquestionsaboutwhattheauthorsaysandthinkforyourself.Soonenough,youwillbuildup[(使)积聚；(使)逐渐增加]aprettygoodsenseofwhatneedsmoreresearchandformyourownopinion.Thelecturersaysthatonedoesnotneedtofullyunderstandapoemtoappreciateit.Doyouagree?Supportyouropinionwithyourownexperienceofreadingpoetry.Yes,Iagree.Thereareotheraspectsofpoetrythatcanbeappreciatedbesidesthepoet’smessage.Irecallreading“Sonnet[ˈsɒnɪt](十四行诗)18”byWilliamShakespeare.Thelanguagewasquitedifficulttounderstand,butbecauseofthesoundaspects,Iappreciateditseasyflowingrhythmandrhymes.Itwasverypleasanttoread—likeasong.Ihopetounderstanditsfullmessageoneday.2.Readthefollowingpoemandshareourunderstandingofit.Whenanalysingthepoem,youcanfollowthetipsgiveninthelecturetranscript.TheNobl