江苏省江阴市某校2023-2024学年高一下学期3月学情调研英语试题（含答案解析）

2023-2024学年度春学期3月学情调研试卷高一英语（试卷满分150分,考试时间120分钟）第一部分听力（共两节,满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdidthemandoyesterday?A.Hewentshopping.B.Hewenttoseehisgrandma.C.Hewenttothehospital.2.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Ateacher.B.Ateachingstyle.C.Afamouseducator.3.Howmuchdoesoneticketcost?A.40yuan.B.60yuan.C.100yuan.4.Whyhasn’tthepartystarted?A.Peterislate.B.Thereisnocake.C.Theguestshavenotarrived.5.Whatisthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Waiterandcustomer.B.Husbandandwife.C.Doctorandpatient.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答6-7小题。6.Whatisthewomanworriedabout?A.Beinglate.B.Gettinglost.C.Parkingtheircar.7.Whendoesthepartystart?A.At7:15p.m.B.At7:30p.m.C.At7:45p.m.听下面一段对话，回答8-10小题。8.Whydoestheman’sfamilyraisedogs?A.Toguardthehouse.B.Tohelpblindpeople.C.Tokeephismothercompany.9.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthepetbird?A.Cool.B.Clever.C.Interesting.10Whatpetwillthewomanprobablykeep?A.Acat.B.Afish.C.Aparrot.听下面一段对话，回答11-13小题。11.Whereistheconversationprobablytakingplace?A.Atschool.B.Intheoffice.C.Inagamecenter.12.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Watchafilm.B.Gocamping.C.Dosomesports.13.Whowonthegamelasttimeaccordingtothewoman?A.Mike.B.Theman.C.Thewoman.听下面一段对话，回答14-17小题。14.Howdothespeakersfeelaboutthephonecall?ASad.B.Moved.C.Doubtful.15.Whichbillhasthemanneverpaidrecently?A.Gas.B.Phone.C.Computer.16.Whatkindofpeoplemadethephonecallaccordingtotheman?A.Dishonest.B.Friendly.C.Important.17.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydofirst?A.Callthepolice.B.Ringupthebank.C.Changethenumber.听下面一段独白，回答18-20小题。18.WhatisthespeakerinterestedinaboutScotland?A.Theislands.B.Thesportsteams.C.Thedifferentlanguages.19.Whatplacesarethemostpopulardestinationsforvisitorsaccordingtothespeaker?A.Hills.B.Castles.C.Citystreets.20.Whatdoesthespeaker’scompanygivevisitors?A.Bustours.B.Bicycletours.C.Self-drivingtours.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFunthingstodoinhighschoolLearnanotherlanguageYourschoolmightbeholdingforeignlanguagesclasses,sothisisagreatwaytostartyourlanguagelearningjourney!Ifyouwantmoreself-pacedlearning,appslikeDuolingoareeasilyaccessible(可使用的)onourmobilephones.Asourworldbecomesmoreinterconnected,it’salwaysgoodtolearnanotherlanguageortwo.Aimforasemester(学期)ofstraightAThiscanbeadifficulttaskbutnotimpossibletoachieve,aslongasyouputintherightamountofworkandeffort.Ifyouarestruggling(挣扎)withyourgrades,youcanhostorjoingroupstudieswithyourclassmates!Don’tbedisheartenedifyouarenotabletogetanAinasemester.What’simportantishavingthedrivetogoforward.Asafamouspersononcesaid,“Hewhowouldclimbaladdermustbeginatthebottom.ExperienceanothercultureCultureandtraditionaresomethingthatallhumansshare.Nomatterwherewecomefrom,wealwaysbringourculturewithus.Peoplecomingfromdifferentculturesmaybeamongyourfriendsorneighbors.Youcangotoamuseum,readabook,ortrynewfoodinyourarea.Remembertokeepanopenmindandtakethetimetolearnaboutthem.BringashareabletreattoclassIfyouknowyourwayaroundthekitchen,youcanimpressyourclassbymakingandbringingthemadelicioustreat!Notonlywillthismaketheirstomachshappy,butyou’llalsobond(联系)thewholeclasstogether.Justdon’tforgettocheckwithyourteacherfirstbeforebringingone.1.Whatshouldyoudoifyouwanttolearnalanguageatyourownspeed?A.Gotoamuseumtoreadbooks. B.Attendanotherlanguageclass.C.LearnitonanapplikeDuolingo. D.Joingroupstudieswithyourclassmates.2.What’sthekeyifyoucan’tgetanAinasemester?A.Keepinganopenmind. B.Askingyourteachersforhelp.C.Changingyourstudymethod. D.Havingthedrivetogoforward.3.Whatwillprobablybetheresultifyoubringatreattoclass?A.Experiencingdifferentcultures. B.Makingyourteacherangryandanxious.C.Makingsomestudentshaveastomachache. D.Makingyourclassmateshappyandunited.【答案】1.C2.D3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四件在高中做的有趣的事。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Ifyouwantmoreself-pacedlearning,appslikeDuolingoareeasilyaccessible(可使用的)onourmobilephones.(如果你想要更多自主节奏的学习，像Duolingo这样的应用程序在我们的手机上很容易使用)”可知，如果你想以自己的速度学习一门语言，你应该在Duolingo等应用上学习。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Don’tbedisheartenedifyouarenotabletogetanAinasemester.What’simportantishavingthedrivetogoforward.(如果你一个学期拿不到A，不要灰心丧气。重要的是要有前进的动力)”可知，如果你一个学期都拿不到A，关键是在于有前进的动力。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ifyouknowyourwayaroundthekitchen,youcanimpressyourclassbymakingandbringingthemadelicioustreat!Notonlywillthismaketheirstomachshappy,butyou’llalsobond(联系)thewholeclasstogether.(如果你熟悉厨房，你可以做一顿美味的饭菜给你的同学们留下深刻的印象！这不仅会让他们的胃很舒服，而且你也会把整个班的人联系在一起)”可知，如果你带食物来上课，可能会让你的同学快乐和团结。故选D。BPerhapsnooneknowsthepowerofimaginationbetterthanChinesewriterLiuCixin.Untilfouryearsago,Liuworkedfull-timeasacomputerengineeratapowerplantinShanxiprovince.Heonlywrotesciencefictioninhissparetime.ButitwasduringthistimethatLiu’simaginationtookflight.Hedidwhathemightneverhavethechancetodoinreallife–wanderinspace,fightwithaliens,andvisitplanetslight-yearsaway.Butevenwithsuchapowerfulimagination,Liu,55,probablyhadn’texpectedthathewouldbecomethefirstAsiantowintheHugoAward,sciencefiction’shighestprize,in2015.PerhapsneitherdidhethinkthatformerUSpresidentBarackObamawouldreadhisnovelTheThree-BodyProblem,northatonNov9inWashingtonDC,hewouldwinthe2018ArthurC.ClarkeAwardforImaginationinServicetoSociety.It’sthefirsttimeaChinesewriterhaseverwontheaward.Inhisacceptancespeech,LiusaidthatheowedhisimaginationtoArthurC.Clarke(1917-2008),afamousUKsci-fiauthor.HesaidthatreadingClarke’s1968classicnovel2001:ASpaceOdysseyintheearly1980shadagreateffectonhim.“Mymindopeneduplikeneverbefore.Ifeltlikeanarrowriverfinallyseeingthesea,”Liusaid.“Thatnight,inmyeyes,thestarryskywascompletelydifferentfromthepast.Forthefirsttimeinmylife,Iwasawed(使……敬畏)bythemysteryoftheuniverse.”ButnomatterhowfarawayLiu’simaginationtakeshim,somehowhisnovelsalwaysstayrational.InTheThree-BodyProblem,forexample,LiutellsataleofaliensinvadingEarth.Butunlikeotheralienstories,Liutalksmoreaboutrelationshipsbetweencivilizations,rulesofsurvival,andthemeaningsoflife.AndinTheWanderingEarth,Liulooksaheadtothedaywhenoursolarsystemcomestoanendandhumanshavetolookforanewplacetolive.However,allhisvisionsandsolutionsarebasedon“hardscience”.Liu’sworksaren’tsimplydaydreams.4.WhatdoweknowaboutLiuCixin?A.Hebecameafull-timewriterwhenhewasyoung.B.Hedreamedaboutwanderinginspacefromchildhood.C.HeisthefirstAsiantowintheArthurC.ClarkeAward.D.HeisthefirstChinesewinneroftheHugoAward.5.LiuCixin’swordsareusedmainlytoshow______.A.hisinterestinmysteriesoftheuniverseB.hisloveofreadingsciencefictionC.hisconfusionwhenhestartedwritingD.hisfeelingafterreadingClarke’swork6.WhydidtheauthormentionTheThree-BodyProblemandTheWanderingEarth?A.Tocomparethedifferentwritingstylesinthetwobooks.B.ToexplainhowLiuCixincameupwithhisideas.C.ToshowthatLiuCixinhasapowerfulimagination.D.ToprovethatLiuCixin’sworksrelatesciencetoreality.7.What’sthetextmainlyabout?A.LiuCixin’sachievementsandwritingstyle.B.LiuCixin’scontributionstosciencefiction.C.HowLiuCixinbecameasci-fiwriter.D.HowLiuCixinstartedanewsci-fistyle.【答案】4.D5.D6.D7.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物传记。文章讲述的是LiuCixin的成就与写作风格。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Butevenwithsuchapowerfulimagination,Liu,55,probablyhadn’texpectedthathewouldbecomethefirstAsiantowintheHugoAward,sciencefiction’shighestprize,in2015.（但即使有如此强大的想象力，55岁的刘慈欣可能也没想到自己会成为2015年第一个获得雨果奖的亚洲人，雨果奖是科幻小说的最高奖项。）”可知，我们对LiuCixin的了解是他是第一位获得雨果奖的中国人。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段““Mymindopeneduplikeneverbefore.Ifeltlikeanarrowriverfinallyseeingthesea,”Liusaid.“Thatnight,inmyeyes,thestarryskywascompletelydifferentfromthepast.Forthefirsttimeinmylife,Iwasawed(使……敬畏)bythemysteryoftheuniverse.”（“我的思想前所未有地开阔了。我感觉自己就像一条狭窄的河流，终于看到了大海，”刘说“那晚，在我眼里，繁星点点的天空与过去完全不同。我有生以来第一次对宇宙的神秘感到敬畏。”）”可知，LiuCixin的话主要是在阅读克拉克的作品后表达自己的感受。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However,allhisvisionsandsolutionsarebasedon“hardscience”.Liu’sworksaren’tsimplydaydreams.（然而，他的所有设想和解决方案都是建立在“硬科学”的基础上的。刘的作品不仅仅是白日梦。）”可知，作者提到TheThree-BodyProblem和TheWanderingEarth是为了证明LiuCixin的作品是科学与现实的结合。故选D。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第一段“PerhapsnooneknowsthepowerofimaginationbetterthanChinesewriterLiuCixin.---Heonlywrotesciencefictioninhissparetime.ButitwasduringthistimethatLiu’simaginationtookflight.Hedidwhathemightneverhavethechancetodoinreallife–wanderinspace,fightwithaliens,andvisitplanetslight-yearsaway.（也许没有人比中国作家刘慈欣更了解想象力的力量——他只在业余时间写科幻小说。但正是在这段时间里，刘的想象力腾飞了。他做了他在现实生活中可能永远没有机会做的事情——在太空中漫步，与外星人战斗，以及访问光年以外的行星。）”可知，本文讲述的是LiuCixin的成就与写作风格。故选A。【点睛】在做推理判断题时，对于暗含在文章中的人物的行为动机、事件的因果关系及作者未言明的倾向、意图、态度、观点等要进行合乎逻辑的判断、推理、分析，进一步增强理解能力，抓住材料实质性的东西。本题第3小题，根据最后一段中However,allhisvisionsandsolutionsarebasedon“hardscience”.Liu’sworksaren’tsimplydaydreams.可知，作者提到TheThree-BodyProblem和TheWanderingEarth是为了证明LiuCixin的作品是科学与现实的结合。故选D。CAsanepic(史诗)whichbringsbacktolifesomeofthemostfamouspoetsfromtheTangDynasty(618-907),onJuly2,theanimatedmovieChang’anhelditsfirstreleaseinwhatwasoncecalledChang’an,nowknownasXi’an.ProducedbyLightChaserAnimation,aBeijing-basedanimatedstudioknownforitsfocusontalesinspiredbytraditionalcultureandmythology(神话),thefilmisscheduledforanationwidereleaseonSaturday.Withatotaltimeof168minutes—thelongestofanyChineseanimatedmovietodate—Chang’anmainlychroniclesthedecades-longfriendshipofLiBai,arguablythecountry’smostbelovedpoet,andGaoShi,hisclosefriendandawell-knownpoet.Inaninterview,ZouJing,thedirectorofthemovie,discussedthechallengesfacedinbringingtheirstorytothescreen.Thebiggestchallengewefacedwasdecidinghowtopresenttheimpressiveprosperity(繁荣)oftheTangDynasty.Beforeproductionbegan,ourteamstudiedhistoricalmaterials,readasmuchaspossibleaboutTangDynastycultureandthepoets’lives.Weinvitedexpertsfromdifferentfieldstoguideustomakesurethecontentwascorrectandreliable,andwealsolearnedthoroughlyaboutthepoemsinthisfilm.ZouJingaddedthatinthisfilm,animationgaveusastrongexpressivemeanstopresentChinesepoetrycultureinamoreimpressivewaysothattheaudiencecouldbetterunderstandthepoeticmoodandartisticconceptsofthepoets.Chang’AnissetupasthefirstinaseriesofNewCulturefilmsthatLightChaserplanstoproduce.SpeakingwithGlobalTimes,ZouJingexplained,

”TheNewCultureserieswillbebasedonactualhistoricalfiguresinChina.Thisisthekeyoftheseries.”AsofSaturday,themoviehadgainedover27millionyuan

($3.7million),toppingthecountry’spresaleboxoffice.8.WhatdoweknowaboutChang’anfromthepassage?A.Itwasthelongestmoviesofar.B.Itwasamovieaboutmythology.C.IthelditsnationwidereleaseonJuly2.D.ItinvolvedsomefamouspoetsfromtheTangDynasty9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“chronicles”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Guides. B.Records. C.Creates. D.Educates.10.WhatwasthebiggestchallengefacedinmakingthemovieChang’an?A.DisplayingthesplendidTangDynasty.B.UnderstandingthecultureoftheTangDynasty.C.Tellingthewholestoryinlimitedtime.D.Ensuringthemovie’scredible.11.Whatisthepurposeofthisarticle?A.Toexplainthesuccessofamovie. B.Topromoteanewanimatedmovie.C.TointroduceChinesepoetryculture. D.Todiscussthechallengesofmakingafilm.【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，本篇主要介绍了国产动画片长安三万里的背景，剧情和导演，以及制作这个动画的公司。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Asanepic(史诗)whichbringsbacktolifesomeofthemostfamouspoetsfromtheTangDynasty(618-907),onJuly2,theanimatedmovieChang’anhelditsfirstreleaseinwhatwasoncecalledChang’an,nowknownasXi’an.(7月2日，动画电影《长安》在曾经的长安，现在的西安举行了首次公映。这部史诗巨制再现了唐代(618-907)一些最著名的诗人。)”可知，《长安三万里》涉及唐代的一些著名诗人。故选D。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词后的内容“thedecades-longfriendshipofLiBai,arguablythecountry’smostbelovedpoet,andGaoShi,hisclosefriendandawell-knownpoet(李白，可以说是全国最受爱戴的诗人，和他的密友、著名诗人高石长达数十年的友谊)”可知，这是这部影片的内容，因此推断画线词表示“记录”，与B项意思相近。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的“naninterview,ZouJing,thedirectorofthemovie,discussedthechallengesfacedinbringingtheirstorytothescreen.Thebiggestchallengewefacedwasdecidinghowtopresenttheimpressiveprosperity(繁荣)oftheTangDynasty.(在一次采访中，电影导演邹静谈到了将他们的故事搬上银幕所面临的挑战。我们面临的最大挑战是决定如何呈现唐朝令人印象深刻的繁荣。)”可知，制作时面临的最大困难是展现繁荣的唐朝。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Asanepic(史诗)whichbringsbacktolifesomeofthemostfamouspoetsfromtheTangDynasty(618-907),onJuly2,theanimatedmovieChang’anhelditsfirstreleaseinwhatwasoncecalledChang’an,nowknownasXi’an.(7月2日，动画电影《长安三万里》在曾经的长安，现在的西安举行了首次公映。这部史诗巨制(史诗)再现了唐代(618-907)一些最著名的诗人。)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要介绍了国产动画片《长安》的背景，剧情和导演，以及制作这个动画的公司。因此推断本文的目的是宣传一部新的动画片。故选B。DRecyclingingeneralcanbeaneffectivewaytoreusenaturalmaterialresources.TheU.S.’shighrecyclingrateofpaper,68percent,hasprovedthispoint.Butalthoughsomematerialscanbeeffectivelyrecycledandsafelymadefromrecycledcontent,plasticscannot.Plasticrecyclingdoesnotworkandwillneverwork.Theproblemwithrecyclingplasticliesnotwiththeconceptorprocessbutwiththematerialitself.Therearethousandsofdifferentplastics,eachwithitsowncharacteristics.Theyallincludedifferentchemicalsthatcannotberecycledtogether,makingitimpossibletosortthetrillionsofpiecesofplasticsintoseparatetypesforprocessing.What’smore,plasticrecyclingcostsmorethannewplasticbecausecollecting,sorting,transporting,andreprocessingplasticwasteisveryexpensive.Despitethisobviousfailure,theplasticsindustryhasbegunadecades-longcampaigntokeeptheliethatthematerialisrecyclable,whichremindsthepublicofthetobaccoindustry’seffortstotellsmokersthatfiltered(过滤的)cigarettesarehealthierthanunfilteredcigarettes.Traditionalmechanicalrecycling,inwhichplasticwasteisgroundupandmelted(熔化),hasbeenaroundformanydecades.Nowtheplasticsindustryispromotingthebenefitsofso-calledchemicalrecycling,inwhichplasticwasteisbrokendownusinghighheatandturnedintoalow-qualityfossilfuel.In2018,DowChemicalclaimedthattheRenewlogychemical-recyclingfactoryinSaltLakeCitywasabletoreprocessmixedplasticwastethroughthe“HeftyEnergyBag”programandturnitintodieselfuel(柴油).AsReutersshowedina2021survey,however,thepyrolysis(高温分解)processwasnotworthit.We’renotmakingacaseforhopelessness.Justtheopposite(相反的).Weneedthefactssothatindividualsandpolicymakerscantakeaction.Provensolutionstotheplastic-wasteandpollutionproblemsexistandcanbequicklycopiedacrossthecountry.Thesesolutionsincludeplacingbansonsingle-useplasticbagsandunrecyclablesingle-useplasticfood-serviceproducts,andinstallingdishwashingequipmentinschools.Consumerscanputpressureoncompaniestostopfillingstoreshelveswithsingle-useplasticsbynotbuyingthemandinsteadchoosingreusablesandproductsinbetterpackaging.Andweshouldallkeeprecyclingourpaper,boxes,cans,andglass,becausethatactuallyworks.12.Whatistheproblemwithrecycledplastic?A.Itcoststoomuchtoproduce.B.Itcanhardlybeselectedout.C.Itisgenerallyofpoorquality.D.Itcan’tbestoredinlargenumbers.13.Whatistheplasticsindustrytryingtodo?A.Tocompetewiththetobaccoindustry.B.Tocutdownthecostofrecyclingplastic.C.Touncoverthelieofthetobaccoindustry.D.Toprovethepossibilityofrecyclingplastic.14.Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?A.Traditionalrecyclingprovestobesafer.B.Chemicalrecyclingturnsouttobeafailure.C.Chemicalrecyclingcansaveenergyresources.D.Traditionalrecyclingcandealwithlimitedwaste.15.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toshowthedifficultyinrecyclingplastic.B.Tointroduceanewwayofrecyclingplastic.C.Tostresstheimportanceofrecyclingplastic.D.Tocallforabanonsingle-useplasticproducts.【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了回收通常是一种有效的方法来重复利用自然物质资源，塑料回收现在不起作用，将来也不会起作用。作者呼吁人们停止使用一次性塑料制品。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“What’smore,plasticrecyclingcostsmorethannewplasticbecausecollecting,sorting,transporting,andreprocessingplasticwasteisveryexpensive.(更重要的是，塑料回收比新塑料成本更高，因为收集、分类、运输和再处理塑料垃圾非常昂贵)”可知，回收塑料的问题是生产成本太高。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Despitethisobviousfailure,theplasticsindustryhasbegunadecades-longcampaigntokeeptheliethatthematerialisrecyclable,whichremindsthepublicofthetobaccoindustry’seffortstotellsmokersthatfiltered(过滤的)cigarettesarehealthierthanunfilteredcigarettes.(尽管这一明显的失败，塑料行业已经开始了一场长达数十年的运动，以保持这种材料是可回收的谎言，这提醒公众烟草行业努力告诉吸烟者，过滤香烟比未过滤香烟更健康)”及第四段中的“Nowtheplasticsindustryispromotingthebenefitsofso-calledchemicalrecycling,inwhichplasticwasteisbrokendownusinghighheatandturnedintoalow-qualityfossilfuel.In2018,DowChemicalclaimedthattheRenewlogychemical-recyclingfactoryinSaltLakeCitywasabletoreprocessmixedplasticwastethroughthe“HeftyEnergyBag”programandturnitintodieselfuel(柴油).AsReutersshowedina2021survey,however,thepyrolysis(高温分解)processwasnotworthit.(现在，塑料行业正在宣传所谓的化学回收的好处，在这种回收中，塑料垃圾用高热分解，变成低质量的化石燃料。2018年，陶氏化学公司声称，盐湖城的再生化学回收工厂能够通过“重型能源袋”计划对混合塑料垃圾进行再处理，并将其转化为柴油燃料。然而，正如路透社在2021年的一项调查中所显示的那样，这种热解过程并不值得)”可知，塑料工业一直试图证明回收塑料的可能性。故选D。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段中的“Nowtheplasticsindustryispromotingthebenefitsofso-calledchemicalrecycling,inwhichplasticwasteisbrokendownusinghighheatandturnedintoalow-qualityfossilfuel.In2018,DowChemicalclaimedthattheRenewlogychemical-recyclingfactoryinSaltLakeCitywasabletoreprocessmixedplasticwastethroughthe“HeftyEnergyBag”programandturnitintodieselfuel(柴油).AsReutersshowedina2021survey,however,thepyrolysis(高温分解)processwasnotworthit.(现在，塑料行业正在宣传所谓的化学回收的好处，在这种回收中，塑料垃圾用高热分解，变成低质量的化石燃料。2018年，陶氏化学公司声称，盐湖城的再生化学回收工厂能够通过“重型能源袋”计划对混合塑料垃圾进行再处理，并将其转化为柴油燃料。然而，正如路透社在2021年的一项调查中所显示的那样，这种热解过程并不值得)”可知，第四段主要是关于化学回收被证明是失败的。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Plasticrecyclingdoesnotworkandwillneverwork.(塑料回收现在不起作用，将来也不会起作用)”及最后一段中的“Consumerscanputpressureoncompaniestostopfillingstoreshelveswithsingle-useplasticsbynotbuyingthemandinsteadchoosingreusablesandproductsinbetterpackaging.(消费者可以通过不购买一次性塑料，而是选择可重复使用的产品和包装更好的产品，向公司施加压力，让它们停止在商店货架上摆满一次性塑料)”可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁禁止使用一次性塑料制品。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoFaceYourFearsWhenyoufaceyourfearsbravely,youopenupendlesschancestoliveyourbestlife.Bychallengingwhat’sholdingyouback,youcanfinallybreakfreefromit.Followingthesepracticalstepswillhelpyouovercome(克服)yourfearsandhaveabrighter,moresatisfyingfuture.Identifyyourfears____16____Identifying(识别)whatcausesthefearswithinyouwillhelpyouovercomethem.Withthisfirststeptoadmityourfears,youcanbegintoovercomethem.Takesometimetoexplorefurtherandidentifytherealsourceofyourfear.Askyourself:Whatareyouonearthafraidof?____17____UnderstandthecausesAfteridentifyingwhatyourfearsare,it’stimetoexplorewhatcausesthem.____18____Spendsometimehereexploringthenatureofyourfears.Askyourself,“WhyamIexperiencingfear?”Whenyouanswerthequestion,youwillgainanunderstandingofthebasiccausesbehindyourfears.SetupcleargoalsForyoutofaceyourfearseffectively,youneedtosetclearandachievablegoals.____19____Withacleargoalinmind,youhavethepowertodriveyourselfforwardinyourjourney.Breakingdownyourbiggergoalsintosmalleronesiskey.Takingastep-by-stepwaymakestheprocesslessfrighteningandbuildsyourconfidenceasyougo.TakeactionAtthispointinyourjourneytoovercomefear,it’stimetotakeaction.Startsmallbydealingwiththeleastfearfulpartandgraduallyworkyourwayuptomorechallengingsteps.____20____Youcanincreaseyourconfidenceinyourabilitytolearn,handlemistakes,achieveyourgoals,andtrynewexperiences.A.Writedownwhatcomestoyourmind.B.Bytakingaction,you’llgainnewskills.C.Tofaceyourfears,youmustfirstadmitthem.D.Recognizewhatitisthatpreventsyoumakingprogress.E.Identifythegoalsyouwanttoachievebyfacingyourfears.F.Acceptingyourfearswillleadyoudownapathofpersonaldevelopment.G.Youcanfindthesolutiontoyourfearsbyunderstandingwheretheycomefrom.【答案】16.C17.A18.G19.E20.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何克服恐惧的四种方法。【16题详解】根据小标题“Identifyyourfears(认清你的恐惧)”和下文“Identifying(识别)whatcausesthefearswithinyouwillhelpyouovercomethem.Withthisfirststeptoadmityourfears,youcanbegintoovercomethem.(找出你内心恐惧的原因会帮助你克服它们。承认你的恐惧是第一步，你可以开始克服它们。)”可知，本段主要讲要认清自己的恐惧和承认恐惧的存在，C项“Tofaceyourfears,youmustfirstadmitthem.(面对恐惧，你必须先承认它们。)”与主题一致，同时句中序数词“first”对应本段位置，是克服恐惧的第一条建议。故选C项。【17题详解】上文“Takesometimetoexplorefurtherandidentifytherealsourceofyourfear.Askyourself:Whatareyouonearthafraidof?(花点时间进一步探索，找出你恐惧的真正来源。问问你自己：你到底在害怕什么?)”提出要问自己你到底在害怕什么，A项“Writedownwhatcomestoyourmind.(写下你想到的东西)”承接上文，说明在想清楚后还需要写下来，句中“whatcomestoyourmind”照应上文中“Askyourself”，上下文语意连贯。故选A项。【18题详解】上文“Afteridentifyingwhatyourfearsare,it’stimetoexplorewhatcausesthem.

(在确定了你的恐惧是什么之后，是时候去探索导致恐惧的原因了。)”提出弄清楚恐惧的原因，G项“Youcanfindthesolutiontoyourfearsbyunderstandingwheretheycomefrom.(你可以通过了解恐惧的来源来找到解决方法。)”承接上文，说明为什么要弄清楚恐惧的原因，句中“understandingwheretheycomefrom”与上文“whatcausesthem”和小标题“Understandthecauses”相照应，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。【19题详解】上文“Foryoutofaceyourfearseffectively,youneedtosetclearandachievablegoals.(为了有效地面对恐惧，你需要设定清晰且可实现的目标。)”建议设定目标，E项“Identifythegoalsyouwanttoachievebyfacingyourfears.(面对恐惧，确定你想要实现的目标。)”提出设定目标的方法：面对恐惧，与本段主题一致。故选E项。【20题详解】根据小标题“Takeaction(采取行动)”可知，本段建议采取行动，B项“Bytakingaction,you’llgainnewskills.(通过采取行动，你将获得新的技能)”说明采取行动能带来新的技能，下文“Youcanincreaseyourconfidenceinyourabilitytolearn,handlemistakes,achieveyourgoals,andtrynewexperiences.(你可以增强自己学习、处理错误、实现目标和尝试新体验的信心。)”承接上文，进一步举例说明“newskills”的内容，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。第三部分：语言知识运用(共三节;满分40分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)HurricaneHarveystruckTexasovertwoyearsago,andmanycommunitiescontinuetofeelitseffectstoday.Theareasthatwere____21____mostbyHarveywerealreadyfacingmanyeconomic____22____.AfterHarveyhit,thepeoplewhowere____23____tomeettheirbasicneedswerefacedwithhavingtorebuildtheirlivesandtheirhomesaswell.____24____Harveyandtheaffectedcommunities,theEastHarrisCountyRecoveryProjectwascreatedtohelpindividualsandfamiliesthatwerehitparticularly____25____bythehurricaneandsupportthemasthey____26____.Good360,anon-profitcharitygroup,is____27____topartnerwiththisorganizationtoassistthe____28____communities.Good360donatedbackpackstoEastHarrisCountyEmpowermentCouncilforstudentsreturningtoschoolthisfallwho____29____wouldnothavebeenabletobuynewbackpacks.Theweeks_____30_____thestartofschoolareparticularlyhardforfamilies.Parentsareoftenforcedtochoosebetweenhaving_____31_____onthedinnertable,puttinggasinthecar,andbuyingschool_____32_____fortheirchildren.Thedonationofbackpacksallowedthemto_____33_____meetingotherneeds.Onefamilyinthecountywasespeciallyimpactedbythisdonation.Whenitcametimetobuyschoolitems,themotherwas_____34_____thatshewouldnothaveenoughmoneyforhertwochildreninschool.ThankstoGood360’s_____35_____,bothchildrenreceivedbrandnewbackpacks.21.A.applied B.hit C.funded D.relieved22.A.challenges B.impressions C.currents D.services23.A.signaling B.struggling C.confirming D.marching24.A.Incaseof B.Inadditionto C.Inresponseto D.Inplaceof25.A.fancy B.ordinary C.hard D.orderly26.A.recover B.revise C.reflect D.retire27.A.shocked B.unlikely C.anxious D.proud28A.defeated B.deserted C.unearthed D.impacted29.A.otherwise B.further C.entirely D.moreover30.A.settingalimitto B.referringto C.leadingupto D.givingriseto31.A.fun B.food C.difficulty D.argument32.A.games B.business C.sources D.supplies33.A.focuson B.occurto C.drawon D.bringup34.A.inspired B.concerned C.determined D.scared35.A.procedure B.rescue C.donation D.power【答案】21.B22.A23.B24.C25.C26.A27.D28.D29.A30.C31.B32.D33.A34.B35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了飓风哈维袭击了德克萨斯州之后，政府和慈善机构帮助灾区人民恢复生活，度过难关的故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：受哈维打击最严重的地区已经面临许多经济挑战。A.applied应用，申请；B.hit打击；C.funded资助；D.relieved缓解。根据上文“HurricaneHarveystruckTexas”及下文“AfterHarveyhit”可知，此处指受飓风打击最严重的地区。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：受哈维打击最严重的地区已经面临许多经济挑战。A.challenges挑战；B.impressions印象；C.currents趋势；D.services服务。根据后文“thepeoplewhowere____3____tomeettheirbasicneedswerefacedwithhavingtorebuildtheirlivesandtheirhomesaswell”可知，他们遇到许多经济挑战。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：哈维袭击后，那些努力满足基本需求的人们面临着重建生活和家园的问题。A.signaling发信号；B.struggling挣扎，奋斗，努力；C.confirming证实；D.marching行进。根据前文“AfterHarveyhit”及后文“tomeettheirbasicneeds”可知，在飓风袭击之后，灾民需要努力满足基本需求。故选B项。【24题详解】考查介词固定短语词义辨析。句意：为了应对哈维和受灾的社区，政府创建了东哈里斯县恢复工程，以帮助