初中8年级英语教案：第11讲 语法复习及阅读

辅导教案

学员姓名：学科教师：

年级：八年级辅导科目：英语

授课日期XX年XX月XX日时间A/B/C/D/E/F段

主题语法复习及阅读

教学内容

份学习目标

（本次课的重点、难点以及达到怎样的情感目标）

1.复习前面所学语法重点难点及常考考点，达到熟练掌握和灵活运用；

2.在阅读中积累词汇短语及句型并灵活迁移到写作中去。

?互动探索

守

（TR可根据本次课的需要，选择不同的互动探究方法，如：预习、复习上节课内容、或通过案例分析、趣味

故事进行新课导入）

教学建议：

1.第一部分的图片让学生猜测标识所表达意思，旨在增加学生的交通常识；老师可以采取竞赛问答的形式，

看谁能在最短时间内得出正确答案；

2.第二部分的文章阅读前先设置问题，让学生带着问题去阅读。问题如下：

Whyistrafficabigprobleminbigcities?

Whatdomanycitiesdotosolvetheproblem?

3.读后问题设置如下：

IstrafficabigprobleminShanghai?doyouhaveanygoodwaystosolvetheproblem?

1.这个标志的含义是什么？

(Do禁止左转

Bo此路不通

@o禁止通行

Bo超高绕行

3.这个标志有何含义?

A.立体交叉直行和右转弯行驶

B.立体交叉直行和左转弯行驶

C.直行和左转弯行驶

D.直行和右转弯行驶

4.这个标志有何含义?

A.禁止借道

B.禁止变道

C.禁止超车

D.禁止掉头

备注：文章读后让学生找出文章中对写作有帮助的好词好句,并模仿造句。

Readandfindoutsomeusefulinformation.

Therearemoreandmorepeopleandmoreandmorecars.

Trafficisabigprobleminmanycitiesaroundtheworld.Traffic

isespeciallybadduringrushhour--thetimewhenpeoplegoto

workorschoolandthetimewhentheygohome.

Manypeopletakebuses,subways,ortrainstowork,butmany

otherpeopledrivetheircars.Asaresult,thestreets

areverybusy,andtrafficisverybad.

Manycitiesaretryingtosolvetheirtraffic

problems.Somecitiesarebuildingmoreroads.

Othercitiesareexpandingtheirbusandsubway

systems.

Manycitiesaretryingtoreducethenumberof

carsonthetheirroads.Somehighwayshavecarpool

lanesforcarswithtwo,three,ormorepeople.Insomecities,peopledrivetheircarsonlyoncertaindaysofthe

week.Forexample,inAthens,peoplewithlicenseplatenumbersendingin0through4driveonsomedays,and

peoplewithnumbersendingin5through9driveonotherdays.

Everydayaroundtheworld,moreandmorepeopledrivetoandfromworkinmoreandmorecars.Asa

result,trafficisaglobalproblem.

精讲提升

教学建议：

1.让学生在限定时间内完成阅读；

2.让学生之间相互对答案；

3.让学生自己解释和别人答案不同的题目以便老师了解学生的解题思路及错误原因;

4,让错误较多的学生总结错误原因及注意事项。

5.概括文章的主旨大意，读文章时让学生养成从整体把握文章的习惯。

6.每篇文章找出1到2个优美句子，进行积累。

I.readingandspeaking

Reading_ModernTransportation

A.Choosethewordsorexpressionsandcompletethepassage

Likeundergroundsystemsallaroundtheworld,therearetwomainrulesontheLondonUnderground:Please

mindthegapandpleasegiveupyourseattoapersoncarryingachildorheavyluggage.

ButLondon's15O-year-oldundergroundsystemisalittlebitdifferent]therearealsoanothertworules:

Neverlookatothersanddon'tgettooclosetotheotherpassengers.Ifyoudoanyofthesethings,youwillbreak

2,andthewholecorriage(车厢)willlookatinanunfriendlyway.

OntheLondonUnderground,peopledonottalktooneanother,norlookatoneanother.Iftheyhavetolookat

eachother,theywill3fasterthanyoucansayduibuqi.Passengersusuallykeepsomedistanceawayfromthe

others.Incrowdedcarriagespeoplewillstandnearthedooratstationstops,sothecarriagelooksfullwhenactually

thereisplentyof4.ThereisnopushingyourselfinasBeijingsubwaypassengersdo.

Thebiggestproblemcomeswithgettingaseat,andsomepeopleinEnglandevenexplainhowtogetaseatonthe

Internet.Ifyouareluckyenoughtofindyourselfsittinginoneofthefewseats5wants,youwillcatchthe

attentionofthewholecarriage,soyoucan'twin.

Sometimesthetraindriverwillmakeajokeovertheloudspeaker,sayingsomethinglike,“Howiseveryone

gettingoninthere?^^AfewpeoplewillsmileandrealizethathowstrangetheUndergroundenvironmentis.6,

itwillbebacktothebasicrulesassoonasthismomentpasses,:Noeyecontact,notouching,nogettingintopersonal

spaceandnostandingontheleft.

1.A)althoughB)whenC)becauseD)if

2.A)thefriendshipB)thebalanceC)thecarriageD)thedarkness

3.A)lookawayB)setoffC)jumpupD)fallasleep

4.A)airB)roomC)moneyD)information

5.A)thedriverB)atouristC)everybodyD)nobody

6.A)InadditionB)InsteadC)BesidesD)However

Keys:CBABCD

B.Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords

TheSpringFestivalisthemostimportanttimeforChinesepeopletogohome.PeoplearoundChinawillt1

bytrain235milliontimesduringtheSpringFestivalrush.Formanypeople,gettingaticketduringthistimeisabig

problemeveryyear.Butin2012,thingsmaygetbetter.

Thegovernmenthasworkedhardtos2theticketproblem.Therearemanynewwaysforpassengersto

buy

theirticketsthisyear.Otherthangotothetrainstations,peoplecanlogontothewebsite12306.enorcall95105105to

gettheirtickets.

PassengerswishingtobuytrainticketsfromJanuary1,2012onwillhavetoshowidentification(身份证明)a3

thecountry.AdultscanuseIDcardsorpassportswhenbuyingtickets.Childrenunder16whoaretallerthan1.5mcan

alsousestudentidentificationcardsandhouseholdregister(户口).Verification(证明)froma14policestation

worksforkids,too.

Underthereal-namesystem,passengerswillgetticketswiththeirnamesandIDnumbersprintedonthem.Partof

theIDnumberishiddentop5passengers*personalinformation.

MissLi,ateacherfromMinzuUniversityofChina,isinchargeofbuyingtrainticketsforstudents.Hefeelsit'se

6tobuyticketsunderthereal-namesystemthanbefore.nWesuccessfullygotticketsfor98percentofstudentsthis

year,lastyearweonlygot85percent,"hesaid.However,thenewsystemalsofaceschallenges.Passengersnowhave

togettotrainstationsearlierthanbeforetohavetheiridentitieschecked.What'smore,passengersneedtolookafter

theirticketscarefully,sotheirpersonalinformationwillnotgetintothewrongh7.

Keys:1.travel2.solve3.across4.local5.protect6.easier7.hands

1.Pleaseunderlinesomegoodwords,phrasesorsentences.

V

2.Canyoumakeatleast3sentenceswiththewords,phrasesorsentences

mentionedabove?

——

3.What'sthemainideaofeachpassage?

4.Howdoesthewritersupporthisargument?

Doyouagreewithhimornotandexplainyourreasons.

5.Speaking&Writing:Doesmoderntransportationmakeourlifeeasier

ornot?

教学建议：

1.让学生准备4分钟左右，先口头表达要点。只需要回答yesorno?Why?即可。可以参考阅读材料中的相

关表达，只要学生能灵活运用、准确迁移所学过的知识即可。

2.12分钟的写作时间。写在教案空白处，要求至少写80字。老师要关注学生的写作过程，并在过程中把学

生所用的好词好句及典型错误写在白板上以便写后和其他学生一起学习；

3.写后让学生相互批改，找出错误表达，找出对方的亮点及不足之处；

4.老师点评并给每个学生打分；

5.要求学生课后把修改后的文章抄写在自己的笔记本上作为范文，下次课带过来检查。

n.语法复习

教学建议：

由于此部分是复习课，建议老师采取优先选择的方式让学生各自负责一个知识点进行讲解，其他学生进行提

问。老师在过程中进行补充和总结。

1.时间状语从句

连词时态用法例句

when主句：过去进行时>MyfatherwasreadingnewspaperswhenIarrivedhonie.

从句：一般过去时>Itwasraininghardwhenwearrived.

while从句：进行时>Hefellasleepwhile（hewas）doinghishomework.

AWhileMarywaswritingaletter,thechildrenwerepllying

outside.

since主句：现在完成时>IhavemadeplentyoffriendssinceIcametoShangha

从句：一般过去时>Itisfiveyearssinceheleftschool.

句型：Itis+一段时间+since+从句

（一般过去时）

JJ

主将从现：（not）until,till,assoonas,when,before^after

2.其他状语从句

状语从句连词用法特点

条件状语从句if,aslongas,unless主将从现，主祈从现，主情从现

结果状语从句so/such...that二too...to二enoughto...

原因状语从句because,assince不与“so”连用

让步状语从句though,although不与"but”连用

令Youcanstaytodinnerifyoulike.

。UnlessEnglandimprovetheirgamethey'regoingtolosethematch.

。Shewastooangrytospeak.

=Shewassoangry（that）shecouldn'tspeak.

。Manyfamiliesbreakupbecauseofalackofmoney.

令Thoughtheylackofficialsupporttheycontinuetheirstruggle.

练习：

1.Ican'tunderstandthesentence____therearenonewwordsinit.（闸J匕）

A.ifB.untilC.thoughD.because

2.Thepoliceasked_____wesawanybodybreakintothehousetostealthings.（闸北）

A.whoB.ifC.whatD.where

3.Iamafraidyouwon'tgetthejob______you'rethebest.（徐汇）

A.ifB.assoonasC.becauseD.unless

4.Mr.BlackhasmademanyChinesefriends_______hecametoChina.（（松江）

A.beforeB.untilC.assoonasD.since

5.ThisEnglish-Englishdictionarycostmealot,_______it'sreallyusefulforme.（（松江）

A.soB.norC.orD.but

6._______youhavebeeninBeijingformanyyears,youmustbequitefamiliarwiththecity.（青浦）

A.WhileB.SinceC.WhenD.Unless

7.IhavesomethingimportanttodiscusswithTim.IwillwaitforTimhegetsback.（卢湾）

A.asB.untilC.whenD.after

8.Wehavebeengoodfriends______wejoinedthesamesinginggroup.（卢湾）

A.untilB.whenC.sinceD.though

9.Willyouhelphimyouseeanoldmanlyinginthemiddleofthestreet?（嘉定）

A.thoughB.whenC.becauseD.unless

10.IfTonyisn'tcarefulenoughwithhislesson,moremistakeslater.（2012静安）

A）.havemadeB.willmakeChavebeenmadeD.willbemade

11.Thebravegirlcaughtawomanthiefwhileshe_____attheundergroundstation.（2012普陀）

A.stoleB.stealsC.wasstealingD.hasstolen

12.Whentheygottotheairport,theirflightoff.（2012普陀）

A.tookB.hadtakenC.takesD.hastaken

13.Ifit________tomorrow,wewillhaveapicnicinthepark.（2012杨浦）

A.don*trainB.didn'trainC.won'trainD.doesn'train

14.Iwon*tbelievethefive-year-oldboycanreadsomanywords________Ihavetestedhimmyself.（2012杨浦）

A.afterB.whenC.ifD.until

15.-Doyouknowifhe________toplayfootballwithus?

一Ithinkhewillcomeifhefreetomorrow.

A.comes;isB.comes;willbeC.willcome;isD.willcome;willbe

16.Henrywillgiveusareportassoonashe.

A.arrivesB.arrivedC.isarrivingD.willarrive

17.Whenthetrafficaccident_______,Iwaswalkingwithmyfriendbytheroad.

A.happensB.happenedC.wouldhappenD.hadhappened

18.Sallytookaphotoofherfriendswhilethey_____computergames.

A.playB.areplayingC.haveplayedD.wereplaying

19._____________IhavebeentoItalyseveraltimes,Iknowalotaboutit.

A.IfB.AlthoughC.AsD.Unless

20.Beforethebridge_________,thelocalpeoplehadtoreachtheothersidebyferry.

A.isbuiltB.willbebuiltC.wasbuiltD.hasbeenbuilt

3.代词

代词考点解析例句

令Thechildrenenjoyedthemselvesplayinginthewater.

oneselfhelponeselfto;enjoyoneself

令Helpyourselvestothecakes,everyone.

something/

不定代词+形容词adj.;令There'snothinginterestingonthefrontpage.

anyone/

其后动词用单数形式令There'ssomethingwrongwiththeTV.

everybody

令TheweatherinShanghaiiswetterthanthatinBeijin.1-

that/those比较级句型

令PeopleisShanghaiearnmorethanthoseinChengdu

★one...theother（=2）令Mr.Whitehastwosons.OnesonwenttoliveinAusti-aliaand

other,some...otherstheotheronewaskilledinacarcrash.

others,other+名词=others令Somepeoplecamebycat;otherscameonfoot.

anotheranother+可数名词单数/时间段令Mr.SmithandMrs.Jonesandthreeotherteacherswet-ethere.

令Thispendoesn'tworkcanyougivemeanotherone

令Inanothertwoweeksit'llbefinished.

★both...and动词复数形式令Bothhisbrotherandsisteraremarried.

both/neither/neither...nor动词就近原则令NeithertheTVnorthevideoactuallyworks.

eithereither...or动词就近原则令EitherEnglishorRussianisnotdifficultforme.

练习：

1.Afriendis_____thatwecandependonwhenweareintrouble.（2012徐汇）

A.nobodyB.somebodyC.everybodyD.anybody

2.Thetwinsandtheirmotherwereverytired,but_____ofthemwouldstopforarest.（2012松江）

A.bothB.neitherC.noneD.either

3.Theladyoverthereisafriendof_____.Weworkinthesamecompany.（2012徐汇）

A.myB.meC.heD.his

4.Whynottrysome_____activitiesifyouaretiredofrunning?（2012普陀）

A.otherB.theotherC.othersD.theothers

5.TheJuniorThreestudentshadsportsintheplaygroundthismorning.Someplayedbasketball,________practiced

running.（2012浦东）

A.theotherB.anotherC.theothersD.others

6.Pmtoosleepytogoonreading,I'dbetterhave_________cupofcoffee.（2012闵行）

A.otherB.theotherC.anotherD.others

7.Maryhad________araincoat_________anumbrella.Soshehadtowaituntiltherainstoppedyesterday.（2012

宝山）

A.neither...norB.either...or

C.notonly...butalsoD.both...and

8.MydeskmateFlora'shandwritingismuchbetterthan__________.（2012长宁）

A.meB.mineC.ID.my

4.句型转换

考点解析解题策略例句

。Itrarefyrainssoheavilyinsummers,does/t?

前否后肯；前肯后否

反义疑问句令Thereislittlemilkinthefridge,isthere?

hardly,never,rarely,seldom,little,few

令Thereisalittlekittyinthegarden,isn/tthere?

0________beautifulourschoollooksinsprint.1!

What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！

感叹句。___________slowlytheoldmanwalked!

How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！

。_______________________excitingtripwehadlastweekend!

令Idon'tknowwhetherthemoviestarwillcomeor

引导词

not.

宾语从句陈述句语序

令Hetoldmethatthelettershadbeenmaileialready.

主句过去；从句相应过去时态

令Idon'tthinkweneedtowastemuchtime7/7it.

。Followthegreensignsunlessyouhavegoodsto

if...not=unless“除非”

declare/ifyouhaven'tanygoodstodeclare.

令Thoseshoesaretoosmallformetowear.

=so...thatnot

too...to=ThoseshoesaresosmallthatIcan'twearthem.

=not+反义形容词+enoughtodo

=Thoseshoesarenotbigenoughformeto/vear.

令Bothhisbrotherandsisteraremarried.

both...and反义词：neither…nor,其后动词就近原则

令Neitherhisbrothernorsisterismarried.

令Thefinalprojectcostme2hourstofinish.

spend,take,cost,pay=1spent2hoursonthefinalproject/（in）Wishing

表示“花费”

cost-cost-costthefinalproject.

=Ittookme2hourstofinishthefinalprojt

练习：

1.Yourbrotherhardlyhassportssuchasfootballandbasketball.（改为反意疑问句）（虹口）

Yourbrotherhardlyhassportssuchasfootballandbasketball,_______________?

2.Itisinterestingtohaveabarbecueinthesuburbsinautumn.（改为感叹句）（虹口）

______________interestingthingtohaveabarbecueinthesuburbsinautumn!

3.Joyceandhereditorshaven'tdecidedwhentheywillhaveacompetition.（改为简单句）（徐汇）

Joyceandhereditorshaven'tdecided_______________haveacompetition.

4.Jackysaidtome,nPassmethesalt,please."（保持句意基本不变）（淞江）

Jackytoldmeto____thesaltto_________.

5.Takethemaglevtrain,oryouwillbelatefortheplane.（保持句意不变）（闸北）

You______belatefortheplane_________youtakethemaglevtrain.

6.Iwillcallthepoliceifthatnoisedoesn'tstopsoon.（保持句意基本不变）（闵行）

Iwillcallthepolice__________thatnoise__________soon.

7.Itwastoocoldforthedrivertogettheenginestarted.（保持句意基本不变）（崇明）

Itwas____coldthatthedriver________gettheenginestarted.

8.BothmysisterandIlikereadingcomicstrips.（改为否定句）（静安）

_________ofus___________readingcomicstrips.

9.Theremovalmanputthewashingmachinenexttothefridge.（改为否定句）（普陀）

Theremovalman______________thewashingmachinenexttothefridge.

10.Chang'eIIRockettravelledtothemoonatthespeedof7.9kilometerspersecond.（划线提问）

didChang*eIIRockettraveltothemoon?

/•A达标PK

教学建议：

1.规定学生必须在15分钟内完成；

2.相互交换批改，表扬正确率最高的学生；

3.做对的学生给做错的学生讲题；

4.让每个学生简单总结一下错误原因及应该注意的问题。

PartI

I.Choosethebestanswer.

1.HansonisEuropean,hestudiesinuniversity.

A.a;anB.an;anC.an;aD.a;a

2.IfIhave________twohours5sleep,Iwillfeelfine.

A.otherB.othersC.theotherD.another

3.Theboyreceived______educationthathe______hardlywritehisownname.

A.suchlittle;couldB.solittle;couldC.sofew;couldn'tD.suchfew;couldn't

4.It'saboutonly_______ridefromhere.

A.twohour'sB.two-hourC.twohours'D.twohour

5.OnFebruary14,Mary'sbedroomwas______flowerssentbyherhusband.

A.fillofB.fillwithC.fullofD.fullwith

6.Thebutcheralwayssayshismeatlooksandsell

A.good;goodB.well;wellC.good;wellD.well;good

7.Themanagerhandedinaprogressreport______whathashappenedsofar.

A.toB.fromC.forD.on

8.Wegotthereontime_____westartedlateinthemorning.

A.unlessB.untilC.thoughD.if

9.Bemorecarefulnexttime,_______?

A.willyouB.aren'tyouC.don'tyouD.shallyou

10.ProfessorWang______inthemeetingroombecauseIsawhimintheofficeamomentago.

A.mustbeB.mustn'tbeC.canbeD.can'tbe

11.Whenhisnamewascalled,Isawhim______fromhisseat.

A.roseB.raiseC.riseD.raised

12.—MayIyourdictionary?

—Ofcourse.Butyoumustn'tittoothers.

A.borrow;lendB.borrow;borrowC.lendborrowD.lend;lend

13.1amsorryIhaven'tgotanymoneywithmenow.Tvemywalletathome.

A.missedB.leftC.forgotD.put

14.______importantinformationwe'vegot!

A.HowanB.WhatanC.HowD.What

15.1believe______justnowistrue.

A.whathesaidB.thathesaidC.whathesaysD.thathesays

16.What____you_____whenIcalledyoulastnight?

A.were;doingB.did;doC.is;doingD.do;do

17.Mygrandfather_______inthisschoolsincehewas25yearsold.

A.hadworkedB.hasworkedC.wasworkingD.worked

18.Hetoldmeinhisletterthathe_________thecomingholidayswithme.

A.wouldspendB.hadspendC.wasspendingD.spent

19.Shesaidthatshehad________NewYorkforaweek.

A.beentoB.gonetoC.beeninD.been

20.Mybirthdayiscoming.Anicepresent______metomorrow.

A.willbegivenB.willgiveC.isgivenD.willbegivento

II.Givethefollowingwordssuitableforms

1.Whoisyourteacher?(physical)

2.Theirfather^madethemcry.(die)

3.Therescueteaminsavingthelivesofthedrowningpeopleinthesea.(success)

4.Hisistobecomeprimeministerislikelytoberealized.(ambitious)

5.Oldpeoplearevery_________.Theycan'trememberthingswell.(forget)

6.TheweatherinShanghaiisusuallyvery_______inautumn.(please)

7.Theweatherisgettingmuch_____________inautumn.(cool)

III.Rewritethefollowingsentencesasrequired

1.Idon'tknowwhenIshallstartthework.(改简单句)

Idon'tknowstartthework.

2.Jackdoesn,tlikeplayingthepiano.Tomdoesn't,either.(合并成一句)

JacknorTom_______playingthepiano.

3.Theydidn'tfindanythingintheroom.(改同意义句)

______________foundintheroom.

4.Haveyoumeasuredthelengthofthegarden?Heaskedme...(改宾语从句)

HeaskedmeI___measuredthelengthofthegarden.

5.WewenttoBeijinglastweekandwearestilltherenow.(保持句意不变)

WehaveShanghaiforaweek.

PARTII(2012长宁二模)

1.TheOxfordEnglishDictionaryisusefultoolforustolearnEnglish.

A.aB.anC.theD./

2.Ifyoubuythismobilephone,youcangettheearphone________free.

A.forB.withC.inD.by

3.Ben,showmeyour________hand.Whafsinit?

A.theotherB.anotherC.otherD.others

4.Mydaughteronlyatealittle________andsomemilkforbreakfastthismorning.

A.milkB.breadC.noodleD.cookie

5.Ifs________toknowthecustomsofthecountrybeforeyougothere.

A.awfulB.harmfulC.carefulD.helpful

6.LivinginthenewhouseonKennedyRoadis________thaninthepooroldone.

A.comfortableB.morecomfortable

C.lesscomfortableD.themostcomfortable

7.Tobeagoodplayer,Nickpractises________theballintotheneteveryday.

A.throwB.tothrowC.thrownD.throwing

8.Mr.Smithhadanimportantmeetingjustnow,________?

A.didheB.hadheC.didn'theD.hadn'the

9.Stellagavealotofmoneytothecharity________shewasnotveryrich.

A.ifB.sinceC.thoughD.because

10.Mycousin________totheOrientalPearlTVTowerthreetimesbylastmonth.

A.hasbeenB.hasgoneC.hadbeenD.hadgone

11.ManypeoplethinkthepopsongGangnamStylesounds_______,butothersdon'tlikeitatall.

A.wonderfullyB.terribly

C.wonderfulD.terrible