2021年高考英语一轮总复习选修6 Unit 4 Global warming-B卷

选修6Unit4Globalwarming（B卷）滚动提升检测(全卷共四大题，满分100分。请在40分钟内完成)班级____________学号____________姓名____________得分____________一、阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)AHaveyoueverthought,ifalliceinAntarcticaandthearcticmeltsduetotheglobalwarming,whatwillhappen?Butonethingissurewith100%certainty,penguinsinAntarcticandthearcticwillbeinbigtrouble.RisingtemperaturesincomingyearswouldleadtolessseaiceintheSouthernOceanthatsurroundsAntarcticaandfewerhabitatsandfeedinggroundsforpenguins,saystheWorldWildlifeFund(WWF)initsreport2DegreesisTooMuch.AntarcticaandtheArcticarethemostthreatenedregionsfromclimatechange.IntheAntarctica,thetemperaturehasrisen2.5degreesinthepast50years.ThisspeedisnearlyfivetimesfasterthanthatbeforetheIndustrialRevolution.Itismainlycausedbyburningfossilfuels.Unlessnationsreducecarbondioxideemission,theworldwillwarmbyanaverageof2degreesinlessthan40years.Richnationsshouldagreetoreducegreenhousegasemission.TemperaturesnearthePoleshaverisenmuchfaster,whichhasledglaciersontheAntarcticPeninsulatomeltquickly.Thesituationisquitecritical,becauseinthepast50yearsthenumberofemperorpenguinshasdecreasedby50percentacrossthewholeAntarctica.OnthenorthwestcoastoftheAntarcticPeninsula,thenumberofAdeliepenguinshasdroppedsurprisinglyoverthepast25years.Fiftypercentofthehabitatsoftheemperorpenguinand75percentofthehabitatsoftheAdeliepenguinfacearapidreduction,orevendisappearance,iftheglobaltemperaturerises2degreesabovepre-industriallevels.Witha2-degreeincreaseinglobaltemperatureandthedecreaseinseaicethickness,emperorpenguinswillfinditdifficulttofindnewareastolive.Withlessseaice,penguinscouldbepushedfurthersouth,butthiscouldpreventthemfromhuntingforfoodduringthedarkwinters,becausetheyneedatleastafewhoursofdaylighttofindtheirfood.1.Thepurposeofthepassageisto_________.A.introducetheAdeliepenguinsandemperorpenguinstoreadersB.tellreadersabouttherisingtemperaturesintheAntarcticaC.tellreadersabouttheeffectofglobalwarmingD.warnpeoplethatAntarcticaisbecomingsmallerandsmaller2.Intheauthor’sopinion,whathascausedglobalwarming?A.Thatcarbondioxideemissionistoohigh.B.Thattheatmosphereoftheearthisbecomingthinner.C.Thattheearthisgettinghotterandhotter.D.Thattheuseofoxygenintheairisoutofcontrol.3.Fromthesecondparagraph,whatdoyouthinktheauthorwantstotellus?A.Temperatureswillriseinthecomingyears.B.Penguinswillsufferalotinthefuture.C.Seaicewilldisappearinthecomingyears.D.2degreeswillhaveagreateffectontheWWF.4.Theauthorimpliesthat_________.A.weshouldbeafraidofdangersfromglobalwarmingB.richnationsshouldbemoreresponsibleforglobalwarmingC.nowthespeedoftemperatureriseisfasterthanbeforeD.penguinswillfindanotherplaceinspiteofdecreaseinseaice5.Whatisauthor’sattitudetowardstheconsequencecausedbyglobalwarming?A.Anxious.B.Optimistic.C.Hopeless.D.Painful.[助读词汇]Antarctican.南极洲arcticn.北极地区criticaladj.危险的pre-industrialadj.工业化以前的habitatn.栖息地threatenedadj.受到威胁的thicknessn.厚度thePoles两极emperorpenguin皇企鹅decreaseby减少了Adeliepenguin阿德利企鹅theAntarcticPeninsula南极半岛BGlobalwarmingcanleadtorisingsealevels,extremeweathereventsandchangesinprecipitation(降雨量).Globalwarmingcanalsoaffectagricultureandglaciermeltandcanfacilitate(促进)thespreadofdiseaseandtheextinctionsofspecies.So,itisnecessarytopreventglobalwarming.Buthowtodoit?Manycountrieshavebeenworkingtoreducegreenhousegasemission(排放)topreventglobalwarming.Drivinganenergy-efficientcarcanhelptopreventglobalwarmingbecausehybridcarscanrunongasandelectricity.Theaveragehybridcansave16,000poundsofcarbondioxideayear!Also,donotusehotwaterifwedonotneedto,likewhendoinglaundry.Andtakecarewithourappliances.Unplugthemwhenwedonotusethem.Inordertopreventglobalwarming,weshouldgetenergy-savinglightbulbs.Andwecanhelptopreventglobalwarmingifwebuyrecycledproducts,alsotrydonatingorsellinginsteadofthrowingaway.Besides,wecantrybuyingproductswithlesspackaging.Buyinginbulkcanmeanlesspackagingandlessmoneybeingspent.Whatismore,wecanplanttrees.Notonlydotheysuckupcarbondioxide,butalsotheyprovidecleanerairandsave2,000poundsofCO2ayear.Studentsshowedthatman-madeinfluencesareaddingtocycleconsiderably.So,howtopreventglobalwarming?Manywaysarealsobeingpusheduponsociety.Turnthelightsoff,turntheTVoff,walktotheshop,andbuyagreencar.Butcanalltheselittlethingsactuallyadduptomakeadifference?Ordoweneedtoputpressureonthecorporations.Thisiswheretherealemissionsarecomingfrom.Yesofcourseweneedtodoallthelittlethingsourselves.Onceagain,howtopreventit?Weneedourgovernmenttoimplement(落实)emergencylaws,usethepowerofmediatoinfluencethosewhoarenotawakeoraretoostubbornorselfishtodoanythingaboutit.Weneedtotakeastandnow.Inaword,therearemanywaystopreventglobalwarmingandwecanstopglobalwarmingifwetakeactiononit.1.Itcanbeconcludedfromthefirstparagraphthat_________.A.sealevelswillrisewhenearthtemperatureisupto50°CB.theextinctionsofspeciesaremainlyduetohuman’sactivitiesC.extremeweathersareglaciermeltsareallnaturaleventsD.globalwarmingcanbringaboutmanybadinfluences2.Whichisnotthebehaviortohelptopreventglobalwarming?A.Driveandenergy-efficientorhybridcar.B.BuyrecyclablethingswithlesspackagingC.Unplugapplianceswhentheyaren’tbeingused.D.Don’tavoidusingenergy-savinglightbulbs.3.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_________.A.globalwarmingcanbestoppedbyselflessstudentsB.thehumanhasanincreasingimpactontheenvironmentC.therealemissionsarefromhuman’sactivitiesatnightD.somepeoplearetoostubborntobepersuadedtotakeaction4.Inwritingthispassage,theauthormainlyintendsto_________.A.appealtoustotakeactionatoncetopreventglobalwarmingB.askustoplanttreeswhichcangivefreshairandabsorbCO2C.requireustopaymoreattentiontothechangesinweatherD.expectustoworkhardtoreducegreenhousegasemission5.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.itisnecessarytopreventglobalwarming.B.Doinglittlethingscanmakeadifference.C.Howtopreventglobalwarming.D.Howtostoptherisingsealevels.[助读词汇]unplugvt.拔去……的插头considerablyadv.相当大地hybridadj.混合动力的appliancesn.电器stubbornadj.顽固的corporationn.企业inbulk散装suckup吸收pushupon推向putpressureon…对……施加压力emergencylaw应急法制takeastand表明立场二、完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)NotonlytheChinesepeople,butalsomanypeoplefromotherpartsoftheworldsetofffireworksduringvarious1.EverySpringFestival,Chinesepeopleburnfireworksto2thearrivaloftheNewYear.It’sa3moment.Butdoyouknowthatyouareresponsibleforthe4?Youmightnotknowthatallthosecolorfulfireworksusedto5specialoccasionsmaycauseseriousenvironmentaldanger.Sowhenyouwanttobuysome6orevenattendafireworksdisplay,askyourselfthatwhetherthe7isreallyworthpollutingtheenvironment.Fireworkspolluteordamageourplanetin8ways.AirPollution:The9fromfireworksmainlyconsistsofpoisonousdusts,heavymetalsandotherpoisonouschemicalsorgases.Inaddition,theglobalwarmingis10takenourattentionatpresent,whichgets11byfireworks.Weneedtoworryaboutthegreenhousegasesthatfireworks12,includingcarbondioxideandozone(臭氧).Rubbish:Besidesthe13pollution,thereisrubbishcausedbythefireworks.Thistrashonthegroundisanuisance(令人讨厌的东西),requiringextratimeandmoneyto14.Thegovernmenthasalreadybeenstrugglingwith15fromourdailylife,butfireworksonly16totheproblem.NoisePollution:Fireworkscanbe17.Inthemiddleofthenight,fireworksoften18peoplewhiletheyaresleeping.Noiseproducedbyfireworksat85decibels(分贝)orabovecandamage19.Somepeoplealsoarguethatthe20fromfireworksfrightensbabiesandpets.1.A.placesB.holidaysC.festivalsD.phenomena2.A.celebrateB.consumeC.renewD.subscribe3.A.mildB.happyC.steadyD.widespread4.A.contributionB.commitmentC.sloganD.environment5.A.appear B.consume C.celebrate D.refresh6.A.slogans B.fireworks C.circumstances D.appliances7.A.phenomenonB.measurement C.entertainmentD.trend8.A.various B.similar C.casual D.average9.A.material B.fuel C.range D.smoke10.A.increasinglyB.casually C.decreasinglyD.steadily11.A.better B.worse C.steadier D.clearer12.A.subscribeB.absorb C.advocate D.produce13.A.rubbish B.air C.noise D.water14.A.argue B.present C.state D.clean15.A.rubbishB.trouble C.confusion D.byproduct16.A.appeal B.add C.require D.subscribe17.A.renewableB.mild C.loud D.widespread18.A.disturbB.please C.excite D.cheer19.A.eyesightB.abilityC.hearingD.individual20.A.existence B.tendency C.quantity D.noise[助读词汇]extraadj.额外的strugglewith与……作斗争beresponsiblefor对……负责specialoccasion特殊场合fireworksdisplay烟花表演consistof由……组成heavymetals重金属poisonouschemicals有毒的化学物质inaddition此外carbondioxide二氧化碳三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofalargepopulationhavelongbeenasubjectofdiscussion.It1(argue)thatthesupplyofgoodlandislimited.Tofeedalargepopulation,inferiorlandmustbecultivatedandthegoodlandworked2(intensive).Thus,eachpersonproduceslessandthismeansaloweraverageincomethancouldbeobtainedwitha3(small)population.Oneofthe4(difficult)incarryingoutaworld-widebirthcontrolprogramisthatofficialattitudestopopulationgrowthvaryfromcountrytocountry.Inadevelopingcountry5avastlyexpandedpopulationispressingharduponthelimitsoffood,spaceandnaturalresources,6willbethefirstconcernofgovernmenttoplacealimit7thebirthrate,whatevertheconsequencesmaybe.Adecreasingbirthratemayleadtounemploymentbecauseitresultsina8(decline)market.Whenthepressureofpopulationonhousingdeclines,pricesalsodeclineandthebuildingindustryisweakened.9(face)withsuchconsiderations,thegovernmentofadevelopedcountrymaywellprefertoseeaslowlyincreasingpopulation,ratherthanonewhichisstable10indecline.[助读词汇]inferioradj.劣地cultivatevt.培育；耕作obtainvt.获得consequencen.后果stableadj.稳定的averageincome平均收入carryout实行；贯彻indecline正在减少；在衰退中四、短文改错（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。DearAbby,Howareyou?TodayIhavegotawonderfulnewstotellyou.IhadbeenofferedascholarshipatauniversityinAustraliaforyourfurthereducation.120studentstookexamsforit,butonlyafewwaschosenandIwasoneofthem.Thus,myparentsarenothappyaboutit.Theyarestrongagainstmegoingthere.TheysayitissofarawaythattheywillnotseemeforthewholeyearandtheyareafraidofIwillfeellonely.Theycan’timagineagirlsoyounglivealone.Theyadvisemetostudyinthecapitalinstead.ThenIwouldbeabletocontinuelivingwiththem.HowcanIpersuadethemtoacceptthefactIhavegrownup?Bestwishes,Jane选修6Unit4Globalwarming（B卷）滚动提升检测参考答案一、阅读理解(A)本文作者告诉我们，由于全球变暖，南极和北极的冰川将融化，生活在两极的企鹅将面临绝境。1.C主旨大意题。有文章首段第一句Haveyoueverthought,ifalliceinAntarcticaandthearcticmeltsduetotheglobalwarming,whatwillhappen?可知，本文主要就是全球变暖带来的影响(文章主要提到对南极和北极的影响)。故选C最有概括性。2.A事实细节题。根据文章第三段Itismainlycausedbyburningfossilfuels.Unlessnationsreducecarbondioxideemission,theworldwillwarmbyanaverageof2degreesinlessthan40years.可知选A。3.B主旨大意题。根据第二段RisingtemperaturesincomingyearswouldleadtolessseaiceintheSouthernOceanthatsurroundsAntarcticaandfewerhabitatsandfeedinggroundsforpenguins可知如果全球温度上升，两极的海冰将会减少，这就造成企鹅的栖息地和觅食区逐渐减少，这些都是企鹅在不久的将来遭受的困境。故符合B项。4.C推理判断题。根据第三段ThisspeedisnearlyfivetimesfasterthanthatbeforetheIndustrialRevolution.可推断出C项。其他选项均无法在原文中找到相应信息点。5.A作者态度题。根据第四段首句的Thesituationisquitecritical可知作者认为情形(globalwarming)非常危险，反映出作者对此感到焦虑。故选A合适。其他选项均牵强。(B)本文主要告诉我们，我们应该做点什么来防止地球变暖。1.D推理判断题。由第一段中Globalwarmingcanleadtorisingsealevels,extremeweathereventsandchangesinprecipitation.Globalwarmingcanalsoaffectagricultureandglaciermeltandcanfacilitatethespreadofdiseaseandtheextinctionsofspecies.可知，全球变暖会造成很多糟糕的影响和后果。故选D正确。2.D事实细节题。根据第二段的Inordertopreventglobalwarming,weshouldgetenergy-savinglightbulbs.可知D项与之相反。故选D。3.B推理判断题。根据第三段首句Studentsshowedthatman-madeinfluencesareaddingtocycleconsiderably.可推断出B项正确。其他选项均与原文不符。4.A推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Inaword,therearemanywaystopreventglobalwarmingandwecanstopglobalwarmingifwetakeactiononit.可推断出A。5.C主旨大意题。第一段的最后两句So,itisnecessarytopreventglobalwarming.Buthowtodoit?便是主题句。把两个句子综合起来就是答案C。二、完形填空文章讲述的是烟花爆竹对环境造成的污染。1.C根据前面的setofffireworks可知，理应是在节日放烟花，故选C最符合语境。2.A根据常识以及空后的thearrivaloftheNewYear可知是庆祝新年的到来。故选A正确。3.B新年当然是开心的时候。故选B正确。4.D下文是讲环境污染问题，故选D合适。5.C根据空后的…specialoccasions可知C。celebratespecialoccasions意为“庆祝特殊场合”。6.B根据前面的thosecolorfulfireworks或空后的orevenattendafireworksdisplay可知选B。属于原词复现。7.C根据前面attendafireworksdisplay可知，烟花汇演是一种娱乐形式。故选C符合上下语境。8.A第二、三、四段分别是烟花爆竹产生的污染的三个方面。斟酌四个选项，只有A项最符合文意。invariousways意为“以不同的方式”，也就是下文的三种方式(AirPollution,Rubbish,NoisePollut