黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市铁锋区2023-2024学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题（含答案解析）

高二下学期第一次月考英语试卷第一部分听力第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrow?A.Windy.B.Rainy.C.Sunny.2.Whathappenedtothewoman?A.Sheforgottowashtheplates.B.Shemessedthekitchenfloor.C.Shefailedtostoresomewater.3.Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A.Thisevening.B.Tomorrowmorning.C.Tomorrowafternoon.4Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Athome.B.Inthehotel.C.Atthestadium.5.HowwillMikegotoschooltomorrow?A.Bybike.B.Bybus.C.Bycar.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatdidCandicedothismorning?A.SheboughtsomefoodB.Shepickedupherparents.C.Sheaccompaniedherfriend.7.WherewasBeckyduringthesummerbreak?A.InLosAngeles.B.InChicago.C.InKorea.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatdoesthamantalktothewoman?A.Tosendoutaninvitation.B.Toseekpermissionfromher.C.Toaskforsomeinformation.9.Whatisoppositethemuseumnow?A.Aflowershop.B.Abookstore.C.Acoffeeshop.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whycan'tTomhelpAmanda?A.Hedoesn'tlikedogs.B.Hehastoattendameeting.C.Heneedstovisithisgrandma.11.WhendidAmandagoabroad?A.In2017.B.In2018.C.In2019.12.WhatkindofroomwillAmandabookforherdog?A.Asmallroom.B.Abigroom.C.AVIProom.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fatheranddaughter.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Hostessandinterviewee.14.WhatisAllantalkingabout?A.Languagebarriers.B.Languageloss.C.Languagesystems.15Whichonedopeoplehavedifferentopinionsabout?A.Howmanylanguagesexisttoday.B.Whysomelanguagesaredisappearing.C.Whatcausessomelanguagestogetlost.16.Howmanylanguageswillprobablydisappearbeforelong?A.About6,000.B.About3,000.C.About2,000.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whendoestheridebegin?A.At8:30am.B.At10:00am.C.At11:30am.18.Whatcanpeopledoataround12:30pm?A.Goswimming.B.Havelunch.C.Rideahorse.19.Whichitemsareunfitforriding?A.Sportsshoes.B.Hardhats.C.Warmclothes.20.Whatisincludedintheholidayprice?A.Thefood.B.Thehotelroom.C.Horseridingequipment.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFourbestBroadwayshowsHAMILTONTheshowtellsthestoryoftheFoundingFathersoftheUSA,specificallyAlexanderHamilton,thefirstSecretaryoftheTreasury.It’sacompletelyfreshtakeonhistory,withahip-hopflavor.Sungandrapped(说唱),thewordplayissuperimpressive.HamiltonhasbecomeoneofthemostpopularBroadwaymusicals,witheightawards,includingaPulitzerPrizeforDrama.Location:RichardRodgersTheatrePrice:$176+THEPHANTOMOFTHEOPERAThePhantomoftheOperaisthelongest-runningshowinBroadwayhistory.Ifyoulovedrama,romance,andmusicaltheater,itwon’tdisappointyou.IthaswonsevenTonyAwardsandsevenDramaDeskAwards.WhiletheshowisoneofthebestthingsforacoupletoenjoyinNewYorkCity,it’salsosuitableforkids10andup.Location:MajesticTheatrePrice:$74+COMEFROMAWAYComeFromAwayisoneofthemosttouchingBroadwayplays,basedonatruestory.Theshowisaboutagroupof7,000airpassengersstranded(被困)inasmalltowninNewfoundlandduetothe9/11attacks.Itfocusesonhowthelocalssprangintoaction,preparingtohouse,feed,andcomfortthepassengers.TheplayhaswonninetheaterawardsandgotaGrammynomination(提名)forBestMusicalTheaterAlbum.Location:GeraldSchoenfeldTheatrePrice:$100+BEETLEJUICERememberthe1988movieBeetlejuicestarringAlecBaldwinandMichaelKeaton?It’snowonstageattheMarquisTheatreinNewYork.Thisfantasy-horrormusicalisoneofthenewesttheatershowsinNYC,butitmaintainstheappealoftheoriginalfilm.Withitsmemorablecharacters,humor,andhopefulmessages,BeetlejuiceisoneofthebestBroadwayshowsforfamilies.Location:MarquisTheatrePrice:$132+1.WhatisthefeatureofHAMILTON?A.Suitingaudienceswithkids.B.Tellinghistoryinmusicalways.C.Winningrecognitionacrosstheworld.D.Targetingpeopleinterestedinromance.2.WhatdoestheplayCOMEFROMAWAYprobablycenteron?A.Consequencesof9/11attacks. B.Importanceofdailynecessities.C.Humankindnessindarktimes. D.CustomsofNewfoundlandpeople.3.Whichofthefollowingshowsisadaptedfromamovie?A.HAMILTON. B.COMEFROMAWAY.C.BEETLEJUICE. D.THEPHANTOMOFTHEOPERA.【答案】1.B2.C3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章对百老汇四部最佳剧目进行了介绍。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据HAMILTON部分中的“It’sacompletelyfreshtakeonhistory,withahip-hopflavor.Sungandrapped(说唱),thewordplayissuperimpressive.(这是对历史的全新诠释，带有嘻哈的味道。唱歌和说唱，这个文字游戏是超级令人印象深刻。)”可知，HAMILTON的特色是用音乐的方式讲述历史。故选B。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据COMEFROMAWAY部分中的“Theshowisaboutagroupof7,000airpassengersstranded(被困)inasmalltowninNewfoundlandduetothe9/11attacks.Itfocusesonhowthelocalssprangintoaction,preparingtohouse,feed,andcomfortthepassengers.(这部剧讲述的是由于9.11袭击事件，7000名乘客被困在纽芬兰的一个小镇上。它关注的是当地人如何迅速采取行动，准备为乘客提供住所、食物和安慰。)”可知，话剧《来自远方》可能是关注黑暗时刻的人性光辉。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据BEETLEJUICE部分中的“Thisfantasy-horrormusicalisoneofthenewesttheatershowsinNYC,butitmaintainstheappealoftheoriginalfilm.(这部奇幻恐怖音乐剧是纽约最新的剧院演出之一，但它保持了原版电影的吸引力。)”可知，《BEETLEJUICE》改编自一部电影。故选C。BWhenIwasinmythirties,IhadagoodjobinthemarketingdivisionofaFortune500company.However,afterworkingforthisfirst-classcompanyforfourteenyears,IgottothinkingaboutwhatitwouldbeliketodesignajobaroundwhatIenjoyedmostwhileusingmystrongestskills.IhopedtospendthenextstageofmycareerdoingwhatIlovedmostandspendmoretimewiththepeopleIlovedmost—mywifeandsons.Thenat37,Ihadawindowofopportunitytochasemydream—torunahome-basedbusiness.Withouthesitation,IpulledtheplugandstartedmyadvertisingandspeechwritingbusinessinJune1991.Mywifewasastay-at-homemom,soIwouldsacrifice(牺牲)ouronlyincomeandinsurance(保险)fornothingmorethanadream.Yet,afterconductinglotsofresearch,readingbooksonhowtostartthistypeofbusiness,callingtheauthorsforadditionaldetails,andfreelancing(从事自由职业)foradagenciesanddesignfirmstoensureIcouldwriteonanysubject,thisgoalslowlywentfromimpossibletopossible.Lookingback,Ithinkit’soneofthebestdecisionsI’veevermade.Whileworkingwithdifferentclients(客户)andsharpeningmywritingskillsonvarioussubjects,Iwatchedmysonsgrowupfortenyears,playedhundredsofunscheduledbackyardbaseballgames,andenjoyedcountlessfather-sonchatswhilewalkingaroundtheblock.HenryDavidThoreauoncesaid,“Thepriceofanythingistheamountoflifeyouexchangeforit.”Now,basedonmyownexperiences,Iunderstandhowplausiblethisstatementis.Lifeprovideswindowsofopportunity—buttheyclosequickly.Forme,toremaininmyformercompanyduringthis“window”cameatapricetoohigh.NeverwillIbewillingtoexchangemoreofmyfamilylifeformyprofessionallife.4.Whydidtheauthordecidetostartahome-basedbusiness?A.Tomakemoremoney. B.Tospendmoretimewithhisfamily.C.Tosharethehouseworkwithhiswife. D.Toprovehimselfasuccessfulbusinessman.5.Whatdidtheauthordotoprepareforhishome-basedbusiness?A.Hetookawritingcourse. B.Heattendedabusinessschool.C.Hesoughtadvicefromhisfamily. D.Hetalkedwithsomebookauthors.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedwore“plausible”tothelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Funny. B.Reasonable. C.Surprising. D.Unbelievable.7.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthistext?A.Workcanbringabetterlife B.EveryjobisworthyofrespectC.Everydecisioncomeswithaprice D.Opportunitiesandrisksgohandinhand【答案】4.B5.D6.B7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者37岁时，为了做自己喜欢的事情以及花更多的时间和家人在一起，放弃了好工作，开始经营家庭生意。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“IhopedtospendthenextstageofmycareerdoingwhatIlovedmostandspendmoretimewiththepeopleIlovedmost—mywifeandsons.(我希望在职业生涯的下一阶段做我最喜欢的事情，花更多的时间和我最爱的人在一起——我的妻子和儿子)”可知，作者决定经营家庭生意是为了花更多的时间和家人在一起。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Yet,afterconductinglotsofresearch,readingbooksonhowtostartthistypeofbusiness,callingtheauthorsforadditionaldetails,andfreelancing(从事自由职业)foradagenciesanddesignfirmstoensureIcouldwriteonanysubject,thisgoalslowlywentfromimpossibletopossible.(然而，在进行了大量的研究，阅读了关于如何开始这类业务的书籍，打电话给作者了解更多细节，并为广告代理商和设计公司做自由职业者以确保我可以写任何主题之后，这个目标慢慢地从不可能变成了可能)”可知，为了家庭创业，作者和一些书的作者交谈。故选D。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“HenryDavidThoreauoncesaid,“Thepriceofanythingistheamountoflifeyouexchangeforit.”(亨利·大卫·梭罗曾经说过：“任何东西的代价都是你用它换取的生命的数量。”)”以及后文“Lifeprovideswindowsofopportunity—buttheyclosequickly.(生活提供了机会之窗，但它们很快就会关闭)”可知，作者通过自身经历明白了生活提供了机会之窗，但它们很快就会关闭，说明索罗所说的话是有道理的。故划线词意思是“有道理的”。故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“HenryDavidThoreauoncesaid,“Thepriceofanythingistheamountoflifeyouexchangeforit.”Now,basedonmyownexperiences,Iunderstandhowplausiblethisstatementis.Lifeprovideswindowsofopportunity—buttheyclosequickly.Forme,toremaininmyformercompanyduringthis“window”cameatapricetoohigh.NeverwillIbewillingtoexchangemoreofmyfamilylifeformyprofessionallife.(亨利·大卫·梭罗曾经说过：“任何东西的代价都是你用它换取的生命的数量。”现在，根据我自己的经验，我明白这种说法是多么可信。生活提供了机会之窗，但它们很快就会关闭。对我来说，在这个“窗口期”留在原来的公司，代价太高了。我永远不会愿意用更多的家庭生活来换取我的职业生活)”结合文章主要讲述了作者37岁时，为了做自己喜欢的事情以及花更多的时间和家人在一起，放弃了好工作，开始经营家庭生意。可知，C选项“每一个决定都是有代价的”最符合文章标题。故选C。CImagineyourselfonalazyevening.YouhavejustdecidedthatyouwanttowatchamovieonNetflix,but,asalways,itishardtochoosewhichmovieyouwouldliketosee.PerhapsitmightbeagoodideatoletsomebodyelsemakethechoiceforyouortoletNetflixplayarandom(随机的)moviesothatyoudon’thavetothinkaboutitanymore?Theseoptionsmightsoundappealing,butisgivinguponhavingachoicesuchagoodidea?Arethereanybeneficialeffectsofchoicethatshouldmakeyouwanttoholdontotheremotecontrolinsteadofgivingitawaytoyourpartneroryourbestfriend?Tofigureouttheanswer,RomeroVerdugo,I,andourcolleaguesdidsomeresearch.Weconstructedataskinwhichparticipantscouldchoosebetweentwoverysimilarlotteries(乐透彩).Thelotterytheychosewouldbeplayedforthem,andparticipantswouldberewardedwiththeoutcomeofthelottery.However,insomecases,theparticipantsdidnothavetomakethechoicethemselves:Thecomputerwouldselectwhichlotterywouldbeplayed.Inafollow-upexperiment,curiositywasmeasuredbylettingparticipantsindicatewhethertheywerewillingtowaittoseetheoutcomeofthelottery.Intuitively(凭直觉),itshouldnotmatteratall,sincethelotterieslookedverysimilar.Still,wefoundthatpeopleweremorecuriousabouttheoutcomesofchosenlotteriesthanaboutlotteriesthatwerechosenforthem.Morestrikingly,peopleweremoreoftenwillingtowaitafewsecondstoseethelotteryoutcomeforchosencomparedwithunchosenlotteries.So,clearly,choiceboostsourcuriosity.Thesefindingsmightbeapplicabletosituationsinwhichboostingcuriosityisimportant,suchaseducationandtheworkplace,orwhenpromotinghealthbehaviorchange.Andpleaseremember:NexttimeyouarewatchingNetflix,makesureyoukeeptheremotecontrolinyourownhandssothatyoucanchoosewhichmovietowatchtonight.Thischoicewilllikelyboostyourcuriosityaboutthemovie,whichmight,inturn,makeyoureveningmorepleasant.8.Howdoestheauthorbringupthetopic?A.Bydescribingascene. B.Bypresentingatheory.C.Byexplainingaconcept. D.Bydescribinghisownexperience.9.Whatdidtheauthor’steamintendtoexaminebydoingtheresearch?A.Howpeoplemeettheircuriosity.B.Whypeoplelikebuyinglotterytickets.C.Whymakingchoicesishardforpeople.D.Howmakingchoicesonone’sownmakesadifference.10.Whathastheresearchfound?A.Makingachoiceourselvescouldexciteourcuriosity.B.Itiseasiertohaveothersmakechoicesforus.C.Curiouspeopletendtobemoreimpatient.D.Lotteriesincreasepeople’scuriosity.11.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thefurtherstudydirection.B.Thesignificanceoftheresearch.CAfurtherexplanationoftheresearchmethods.D.Somereasonabledoubtsabouttheresearchprocess.【答案】8.A9.D10.A11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项研究，说明自己做选择有助于提高我们的好奇心。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Imagineyourselfonalazyevening.YouhavejustdecidedthatyouwanttowatchamovieonNetflix,but,asalways,itishardtochoosewhichmovieyouwouldliketosee.PerhapsitmightbeagoodideatoletsomebodyelsemakethechoiceforyouortoletNetflixplayarandommoviesothatyoudon’thavetothinkaboutitanymore?”（想象你在一个慵懒的夜晚。你刚刚决定要在网飞上看一部电影，但是，像往常一样，很难选择你想看的电影。也许让别人帮你做选择，或者让网飞公司随机播放一部电影，这样你就不用再考虑了，这是个好主意。），并结合第二段“Theseoptionsmightsoundappealing,butisgivinguponhavingachoicesuchagoodidea?Arethereanybeneficialeffectsofchoicethatshouldmakeyouwanttoholdontotheremotecontrolinsteadofgivingitawaytoyourpartneroryourbestfriend?”（这些选择听起来可能很有吸引力，但放弃选择是个好主意吗？有没有什么有益的选择会让你想抓住遥控器，而不是把它送给你的伴侣或你最好的朋友？）针对该现象提出的反思和疑问可知，作者通过描述一种做决定艰难的场景来引进本文主题。故选A项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Weconstructedataskinwhichparticipantscouldchoosebetweentwoverysimilarlotteries(乐透彩).Thelotterytheychosewouldbeplayedforthem,andparticipantswouldberewardedwiththeoutcomeofthelottery.However,insomecases,theparticipantsdidnothavetomakethechoicethemselves:Thecomputerwouldselectwhichlotterywouldbeplayed.Inafollow-upexperiment,curiositywasmeasuredbylettingparticipantsindicatewhethertheywerewillingtowaittoseetheoutcomeofthelottery.”（我们构建了一个任务，参与者可以在两种非常相似的彩票中进行选择。他们选择的彩票将为他们进行，参与者将获得彩票结果的奖励。然而，在某些情况下，参与者不必自己做出选择：电脑会选择要玩哪种彩票。在一项后续实验中，通过让参与者表明他们是否愿意等着看彩票结果来衡量好奇心。）和第四段“Still,wefoundthatpeopleweremorecuriousabouttheoutcomesofchosenlotteriesthanaboutlotteriesthatwerechosenforthem.”（尽管如此，我们发现人们对自己所选彩票的结果比对为他们选择的彩票更感兴趣。）可知，关于参与者自己选择彩票和电脑帮参与者选择彩票的研究，可发现人们对自己所选彩票的结果比对为他们选择的彩票更感兴趣，可得出作者的团队做研究是为了弄清楚自己做选择的影响。故选D项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Still,wefoundthatpeopleweremorecuriousabouttheoutcomesofchosenlotteriesthanaboutlotteriesthatwerechosenforthem.”（尽管如此，我们发现人们对自己所选彩票的结果比对为他们选择的彩票更感兴趣。）和最后一段第一句“So,clearly,choiceboostsourcuriosity.”（所以，很明显，选择会增强我们的好奇心。）可知，自己做选择可以激发我们的好奇心。故选A项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段前两句“So,clearly,choiceboostsourcuriosity.Thesefindingsmightbeapplicabletosituationsinwhichboostingcuriosityisimportant,suchaseducationandtheworkplace,orwhenpromotinghealthbehaviorchange.”（所以，很明显，选择会增强我们的好奇心。这些发现可能适用于一些情况，在这些情况下，提高好奇心很重要，比如教育和工作场所，或者在促进健康行为改变时。）及后文的例子的可知，本段主要介绍了该研究的结果及其重要性。故选B项。DPalmoil(棕榈油)istheworld’smostpopularvegetableoil,foundinhalfofallsupermarketgoodsandsevenoutofeverytenpersonalcareproducts.It’salsousedinsomesnacks,cleaningpowder,andtoothpaste.Since2016,globalpalmoilconsumptionhasrisen73percent.Yetpalmoilandtheappetiteforitareproblematic.Theclearingofforeststomakewayforoilpalmplantationsisamajordriverofthecuttingdownoftreesinthehottestpartoftheworld:Between1972and2015,theworld’stwolargestpalmoil-producingnations,IndonesiaandMalaysia,lost16percentand47percentoftheirforests,respectively,tothecrop.Andthatbringsaboutenvironmentalproblems,suchasclimatechange,andpoorwaterquality.Biodiversitysuffersasevereblow,too.However,abetteroptionmaybejustaroundthecorner:oilmadefrommicrobes(微生物).“Thetechnologyisactuallyveryoldbutwasneverreallyestablishedinindustry,andIalwayswonderedwhybecauseithasgreatpotential(潜力),”saysPhilippArbter,co-founderofColipi,anemergingstartupthatgrowsandadaptsmicrobestoproducepalmoil.Forinstance,hesays,“Microbescanbegrownquicklyinaclimate-controlledindoorspacetoproducehighamountsofoil.Wehavesofaridentifiedmorethan40algae(藻类)and70othermicrobeswhicharerichinoil.”Currently,mostmicrobialoilstartupsareaimingfortheirfirstproductstobeinbeautyproducts,ratherthanfood,duetothehigherpricepointstheycangetandtherelativelyfewerrulesinvolved.Whenaskedifthenewoilcanmatchpalmoilprices,especiallywhenit’susedinfood,ChristophChuck,achemicalengineerattheUniversityofBathinEngland,said,“Weshouldbeintouchingdistanceoftheeatableoilmarketaslongasmassproductionhappenstobringthepricedown.”12.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphshowaboutpalmoil?A.Itiswidelyused. B.Itiseasilyavailable.C.Itmakesthefoodtastebetter. D.Ithastakentheleadintheoilmarket.13.WhydoestheauthormentionIndonesiaandMalaysiainparagraph2?A.Tostresstheimportanceofpalmoil. B.Topresentthegrowthenvironmentofpalmtrees.C.Toshowthehighpriceofproducingpalmoil. D.Toexplainthechallengeofplantingcashcrops.14.WhatmakesPhilippArbterturntomicrobialoil?A.Itshighqualityaseatableoil. B.Thesufficientsourceofmaterials.C.Itsbenefitsforhumanhealth. D.Thesuccessfulpracticeinindustry.15HowdoesChristopherChuckfeelaboutthefutureofmicrobialoil?A.Unconcerned. B.Confused. C.Worried. D.Optimistic.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了虽然棕榈油被广泛利用，但是带来了严重环境问题，对此开发了微生物油，并且很有前景。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Palmoil(棕榈油)istheworld’smostpopularvegetableoil,foundinhalfofallsupermarketgoodsandsevenoutofeverytenpersonalcareproducts.It’salsousedinsomesnacks,cleaningpowder,andtoothpaste.Since2016,globalpalmoilconsumptionhasrisen73percent.(棕榈油是世界上最受欢迎的植物油，一半的超市商品和十分之七的个人护理产品都含有棕榈油。它也被用于一些零食、洗衣粉和牙膏中。自2016年以来，全球棕榈油消费量增长了73%)”可知，棕榈油被广泛使用。故选A。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Theclearingofforeststomakewayforoilpalmplantationsisamajordriverofthecuttingdownoftreesinthehottestpartoftheworld:Between1972and2015,theworld’stwolargestpalmoil-producingnations,IndonesiaandMalaysia,lost16percentand47percentoftheirforests,respectively,tothecrop.Andthatbringsaboutenvironmentalproblems,suchasclimatechange,andpoorwaterquality.Biodiversitysuffersasevereblow,too.(在世界上最热的地区，砍伐森林为油棕种植园让路是砍伐树木的主要驱动力：1972年至2015年间，世界上最大的两个棕榈油生产国印度尼西亚和马来西亚分别因种植油棕而失去了16%和47%的森林。这带来了环境问题，比如气候变化和水质差。生物多样性也遭受了严重的打击)”可推知，作者在第2段提到印度尼西亚和马来西亚是为了表明生产棕榈油要付出高昂的代价。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Forinstance,hesays,“Microbescanbegrownquicklyinaclimate-controlledindoorspacetoproducehighamountsofoil.Wehavesofaridentifiedmorethan40algae(藻类)and70othermicrobeswhicharerichinoil.”(例如，他说：“微生物可以在一个气候可控的室内空间中快速生长，从而产生大量的油。到目前为止，我们已经确定了40多种藻类和70多种其他富含油的微生物。”)”可知，充足的材料来源让PhilippArbter转向微生物油。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Whenaskedifthenewoilcanmatchpalmoilprices,especiallywhenit’susedinfood,ChristophChuck,achemicalengineerattheUniversityofBathinEngland,said,“Weshouldbeintouchingdistanceoftheeatableoilmarketaslongasmassproductionhappenstobringthepricedown.”(当被问及这种新油的价格是否能与棕榈油相媲美，尤其是当它用于食品时，英国巴斯大学的化学工程师ChristophChuck说，“只要大规模生产能把价格降下来，我们就应该与食用油市场保持距离。”)”可知，ChristopherChuck对这种油的未来是乐观的。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从文后选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。It’snevereasytosayno,especiallywhenwe’reinvitedsomewherebysomeoneclosetous.____16____Maybeit’stimetolearnhowtoturndownaninvitationwithouthurtingpeople’sfeelings.Putoffyourresponse.Avoidimmediatelyrespondingtoarequestthatyoubelieveyouwillturndown.Aquick“No”willdeprive(剥夺)youoftimetocomeupwithakindrefusal.Instead,asimple“Letmecheckmycalendarandgetbacktoyou”willoftenwork.____17____.Checkyourcalendarforconflicts.Ifyouarelucky,youmaydiscoveraschedulingconflictthatenablesyoutohonestlydeclineduetothepreviouspromise.____18____.Whenyouseeyourcalendarisbusy,takealittleextratimeinadvancetothinkaboutakindrefusal.____19____Ifyoualreadyknowyouwanttodeclinebeforecheckingyourcalendar,youmayhaveaspecificreasoninmind.Doyoudislikethetask?Areyouplanningtoattendtheeventwithsomeoneelse?Thinkaboutreasonsyoucangivethatfocusonaspectsoftherequestratherthanthepersonmakingit.Remembertorespond.____20____Youmayleavethemwiththeimpressionthatyoudon’tvaluethem.Therefore,it’simportanttoreplytorequestsinatimelymanner.Whendeclining,trytoemphasizenon-personalreasonsfordoingso.A.Avoidadmittingyourscheduleisopen.B.Identifytheexactreasonwhyyouwanttodecline.C.However,thepersonmayaskyouforanothertime.D.Thisgivesyoutimetocreatearesponseinyourhead.E.Butoften,wefindourselvessayingyesandlaterregrettingit.F.Keeptheseinmindiftheotherpartyaskswhyyouaredeclining.G.Forgettingarequestmayhurtpeopleormakeyouanimpoliteperson.【答案】16.E17.D18.C19.B20.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何委婉地拒绝别人的请求，以避免伤害对方的感情。【16题详解】根据空前“It’snevereasytosayno,especiallywhenwe’reinvitedsomewherebysomeoneclosetous.(说“不”从来都不是件容易的事，尤其是当我们被亲近的人邀请去某地的时候)”可知，对亲近的人说不，或者说拒绝亲近的人的邀请是一件困难的事。选项E“Butoften,wefindourselvessayingyesandlaterregrettingit.(但是，我们经常发现自己答应了，然后又后悔了)”延续上文内容，指的同意之后又后悔，反面表示拒绝困难。同时自然引出下文“Maybeit’stimetolearnhowtoturndownaninvitationwithouthurtingpeople’sfeelings.(也许是时候学习如何在不伤害别人感情的情况下拒绝邀请了)”。故选E。【17题详解】根据上文“Putoffyourresponse.Avoidimmediatelyrespondingtoarequestthatyoubelieveyouwillturndown.Aquick“No”willdepriveyouoftimetocomeupwithakindrefusal.Instead,asimple“Letmecheckmycalendarandgetbacktoyou”willoftenwork.(推迟你的回答。避免立即回应你认为你会拒绝的请求。一个快速的“不”将剥夺你的时间来想出一个友好的拒绝。相反，一句简单的“让我看看我的日程表，然后回复你”通常会起作用)”可知，本段讲述的是我们可以通过一些方法来推迟自己的回答，从而相处一个友好的拒绝方式。选项D“Thisgivesyoutimetocreatearesponseinyourhead.(这给了你时间在头脑中做出反应)”是上文内容的自然延续，指出可以通过一句简单的“让我看看我的日程表，然后回复你”让自己可以有时间在头脑中想出一个友好的拒绝。故选D。【18题详解】根据上文“Ifyouarelucky,youmaydiscoveraschedulingconflictthatenablesyoutohonestlydeclineduetothepreviouspromise.(如果幸运的话，您可能会发现一个日程冲突，使您能够诚实地拒绝之前的承诺)”可知，通过检查日程表，幸运的话，会发现日程冲突，就可以拒绝。选项C“However,thepersonmayaskyouforanothertime.(然而，这个人可能会问你另一个时间)”中的“however”表明下文与上文存在转折，指的是当你发现日程冲突，婉拒对方的邀请后，对方可能会提出另一个时间。与上文内容一致。故选C。【19题详解】根据下文内容“Ifyoualreadyknowyouwanttodeclinebeforecheckingyourcalendar,youmayhaveaspecificreasoninmind.Doyoudislikethetask?Areyouplanningtoattendtheeventwithsomeoneelse?Thinkaboutreasonsyoucangivethatfocusonaspectsoftherequestratherthanthepersonmakingit.(如果你在查看日历之前就已经知道你想要拒绝，你可能已经有了一个具体的理由。你不喜欢这个任务吗？你打算和别人一起参加这个活动吗？考虑一下你可以给出的理由，把重点放在请求的各个方面，而不是提出请求的人)”可知，本段讲述的是要清楚自己为什么想要拒绝对方的邀请。选项B“Identifytheexactreasonwhyyouwanttodecline.(明确你想要拒绝的确切原因)”是下文内容的总结。故选B。【20题详解】根据空后“Youmayleavethemwiththeimpressionthatyoudon’tvaluethem.(你可能会给他们留下你不重视他们的印象)”可知，空处指的是可能会给对方留下不好印象的行为。选项G“Forgettingarequestmayhurtpeopleormakeyouanimpoliteperson.(忘记一个请求可能会伤害别人，或者让你成为一个不礼貌的人)”指的是将对方的请求遗忘会伤害对方，成为一个不礼貌的人，同时也自然引出下文内容，指出这会让对方觉得自己没有被重视。故选G。第三部分语言运用第一节完型填空（满分15分）TimGjoraasdoesn’thavemuchtimeleft.However,there’sno____21____ofsupportivepeopleinhiscorner.Lastyear,Timfoundouthehadcancer.Inthefollowingmonths,hishealth____22____andthenhegotthenewsthathelikelyonlyhasmonthslefttolive.HequicklyretiredfromtheWashingtonHighSchoolanddecidedtodevoteeverymomenttospendingwithhis____23____.After____24____thathemaynothavemuchtimeleft,Timbegantakingstepstoensurehislovedoneswillbe____25____.WhilehewascatchingupwithDougRinken,afriendandretiredteacher,Timaskedhimto____26____hishousenextsummer.He____27____thathiswifeLisahasalwayswantedbluewalls.Littledidheknowthatthejobwouldbefinishedmuch____28____!OneSaturdayinSeptember,Timopenedhisdoorstoa(n)____29____sight.DoughadshownupwithpainttoolsandaboutadozenofTim’sfellowteachersandfriends.Thiswasn’tthefirsttimetheyhad____30____him.Aftertheyheardabouthisdisease,theyorganizedfundraiserstohelpwithhismedical____31____.Theprojecttooklessthanaday____32____theirefforts.Ofcourse,itlefta____33____markonTim.Whatapowerfulactofkindness!Nomatterwhathappens,Tim____34____knowsheandhisfamilymemberswillalwaysholdaplaceintheircommunity’s____35____.21.A.record B.evidence C.shortage D.indication22.A.recovered B.maintained C.improved D.worsened23.A.friends B.family C.teachers D.students24.A.accepting B.announcing C.proving D.admitting25.A.caughtupwith B.putupwith C.takencareof D.keptawayfrom26.A.rebuild B.repaint C.repair D.reuse27.A.guessed B.ignored C.forgot D.explained28.A.later B.better C.sooner D.harder29.A.incredible B.familiar C.unavoidable D.frightening30.A.gotholdof B.givenwayto C.brokenupwith D.comethroughfor31.A.supplies B.bills C.facilities D.problems32.A.asfor B.butfor C.thanksto D.regardlessof33.A.permanent B.visible C.primitive D.fresh34.A.largely B.simply C.precisely D.definitely.35.A.memory B.heart C.power D.history【答案】21.C22.D23.B24.A25.C26.B27.D28.C29.A30.D31.B32.C33.A34.D35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了TimGjoraas身患癌症，且生命所剩时间不多了，然而，他身边不乏支持他的人。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，他身边不乏支持他的人。A.record记录；B.evidence证据；C.shortage短缺；D.indication指示。根据后文的“DoughadshownupwithpainttoolsandaboutadozenofTim’sfellowteachersandfriends.”、“Thiswasn’tthefirsttimetheyhad10him.Aftertheyheardabouthisdisease,theyorganizedfundraiserstohelpwithhismedical11.”可知，道格带着粉刷工具和一些蒂姆的老师同事和朋友来帮蒂姆粉刷房子，这不是第一次帮他渡过难关，所以他身边不乏支持他的人。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来几个月里，他的健康状况恶化，然后他得知他可能只剩下几个月的生命了。A.recovered恢复；B.maintained维持；C.improved改良；D.worsened恶化。根据和文的“andthenhegotthenewsthathelikelyonlyhasmonthslefttolive”可知，他可能只剩下几个月的生命了，所以他的健康状况恶化了。故选D项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他很快就从华盛顿高中离开了，并决定把每一刻都花在与家人的相处上。A.friends朋友；B.family家族，家人；C.teachers教师；D.students学生。根据前文的“HequicklyretiredfromtheWashingtonHighSchoolanddecidedtodevoteeverymomenttospendingwithhis”可知，他可能只剩下几个月的生命了，所以，他从华盛顿高中离开了，并决定把每一刻都花在与家人的相处上。故选B项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接受了自己可能时日不多的事实后，蒂姆开始采取措施，确保他所爱的人得到照顾。A.accepting接受；B.announcing宣布；C.proving证明；D.admitting承认。根据后文的“thathemaynothavemuchtimeleft”可知，他接受了自己可能时日