湖南省邵阳市2023-2024学年高三下学期二模英语试题(解析版)

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省邵阳市2023-2024学年高三下学期二模英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）略第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AEmbraceDiversity:2024InternationalCulturalFestivalWelcometothe2024InternationalCulturalFestival,acelebrationofdiversity,unity,andglobalharmony!Thisyear’sfestivalpromisestobeaspectacularshowcaseofculturesfromaroundtheworld,bringingpeopletogethertoappreciatetherichnessanduniquenessofeachheritage.CulturalExtravaganza:Joinusforamesmerizingjourneythroughthediverseculturesrepresentedatthefestival.Fromcaptivatingdanceperformancestotantalizingculinarydelights,theInternationalCulturalFestivalisafeastforthesenses.Immerseyourselfinthevibrantcolors,enchantingmusic,andthespiritofcamaraderiethattranscendsborders.InteractiveWorkshops:Engageinhands-onactivitiesandworkshopsthatofferadeeperunderstandingofvariouscultures.Fromtraditionalartandcraftdemonstrationstolanguagetasters,theseinteractivesessionsprovideauniqueopportunitytolearnandappreciatetheslightdifferencesthatmakeeachculturespecial.GlobalMarketplace:ExploretheGlobalMarketplace,whereyoucanshopforuniquehandicrafts,traditionalclothing,andexoticspices.Thisisachancetosupportlocalartisansandtakehomeapieceoftheworld’sculturaltapestry.EducationalForums:Researchondeeplythought-provokingdiscussionsandpresentationsontheimportanceofculturaldiversityintoday’sinterconnectedworld.Learnhowembracingdifferentperspectivescanfosterunderstandingandtolerance,andultimatelycontributetoglobalpeace.The2024InternationalCulturalFestivalisnotjustanevent;it’sacelebrationofthesharedhumanitythatunitesusall.Markyourcalendarsandjoinusinpromotingharmonythroughculturaldiversity.Let’smakethisfestivalamemorabletestamenttothebeautyofourglobaltapestry.1.Whatisthemainfocusofthe2024InternationalCulturalFestival?A.Sportscompetition. B.Culturaldiversitycelebration.C.Technologicaladvancements. D.Politicalsymposium.2.WhatcanvisitorsexperienceintheInteractiveWorkshopssection?A.Cookingcompetitions. B.Scientificexperiments.C.Virtualrealitygames. D.Practicalculturalactivities.3.WhyareEducationalForumsincludedinthefestival?A.Toemphasizethesignificanceofculturaldiversity.B.Todiscussglobaleconomicpolicies.C.TopromotetraditionalChineseculture.D.Toorganizeculturalcompetitions.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，文章介绍了2024年国际文化节。〖答案〗1.B2.D3.A【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Welcometothe2024InternationalCulturalFestival,acelebrationofdiversity,unity,andglobalharmony!(欢迎来到2024年国际文化节，这是一个庆祝多样性、团结和全球和谐的节日！)”可知，2024年国际文化节主要是庆祝文化多样性、团结和全球和谐。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据“InteractiveWorkshops:”下文中“Engageinhands-onactivitiesandworkshopsthatofferadeeperunderstandingofvariouscultures.(参加实践活动和研讨会，加深对不同文化的理解。)”可知，看出游客可以在InteractiveWorkshops里参与一些能够对各种文化提供更深刻理解的实践活动。故选D。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据“EducationalForums:”下文中的“Researchondeeplythought-provokingdiscussionsandpresentationsontheimportanceofculturaldiversityintoday’sinterconnectedworld.(研究关于文化多样性在当今相互联系的世界中的重要性的深刻发人深省的讨论和演讲。)”可知，举行教育论坛活动是为了强调文化多样性的重要性。故选A。BBrianPetersonhadjustmovedtoCalifornia.Outsidehisapartment,ahomelessmanwasoftenshoutingonthestreetcorner,sometimeskeepinghimawakeatnight.Petersonwouldpasstheguyonhiswaytowork,buttheyneverspoke.Oneday,PetersonwasreadingthebookLoveDoeswhenhewasdisturbedbythehomelessman.Inspiredbythebook’scompassionate(有同情心的)message,Petersonmadeanunexpecteddecision:Hewasgoingtogooutsideandintroducehimself.ThehomelessmanwasMattFaris.He’dmovedtoCaliforniatopursueacareerinmusic,butheendeduplivingonthestreet.“Itwasthestrangestthingtome,”Petersonrecalled.“Isawbeautyonthefaceofamanwhohadn’tshavedortakenashowerinprobablyayear.Buthisstoryinspiredme.”AndeventhoughPeterson,anartschoolgraduate,hadn’tpaintedinabouteightyears,heaskedifhecouldpaintFaris’sportrait(肖像).Farissaidyes.ThisexperienceledPetersontoformFacesofSantaAna,anon-profitorganizationfocusedonbefriendingandpaintingportraitsofunhousedpeople.Petersonsellstheportraits,puttingtheincomeintowhathecallsa“loveaccount”forhismodel.Hethenhelpspeopleusethemoneytogetbackontheirfeet.ManyofPeterson’snewfriendsusethedonationstosecureimmediatenecessities—medicalcare,hotelrooms,andfood.Farisusedthefundsfromhisportraittorecordanalbum(专辑),realizinghismusicaldreams.Anothersubject,Sondoval,whohadneverbeenabletofinanciallysupportherdaughter,usedthemoneytopayherdaughter’srent.SinceFacesofSantaAnawasestablished,Petersonhaspainted41ofalltheportraits.Butthere’smoretothefinishedproductsthanthemoneytheybringtosomeonewho’sdownandout.He’sdiscoveredthatthebuyerstendtoconnecttothestoryofthepersoninthepainting,findingsimilaritiesandoftenfriendshipwithsomeonetheymighthaveotherwisestereotyped(持固有观念)oroverlooked.“Peopleoftentellme,‘Iwastheonethatwouldcrossthestreet.ButIseehomelesspeopledifferentlynow,’”Petersonsays.“Ididn’tknowthatwouldhappen.”4.HowdidPetersonfeelaboutthehomelessmanafterreadingthebook?A.Annoyed. B.Amazed. C.Concerned. D.Confused.5.AftertalkingwithFaris,Petersondecidedto______.A.payforhisrent B.recordanalbumC.gotoanartschool D.painthisportrait6.HowdidPetersonhelpthehomeless?A.Hefoundedanon-profitorganization. B.Heboughtimmediatenecessitiesforthem.C.Hedonatedmoneytorelatedorganizations. D.Hetaughtthemhowtorealizetheirdreams.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Prejudiceblocksdreams. B.Wealthcanmakepeoplewise.C.Sympathycanbreakstereotypes. D.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了艺术家BrianPeterson如何通过肖像画帮助无家可归的人并改变他们的生活的感人故事。〖答案〗4.C5.D6.A7.C【4题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Oneday,PetersonwasreadingthebookLoveDoeswhenhewasdisturbedbythehomelessman.Inspiredbythebook’scompassionate(有同情心的)message,Petersonmadeanunexpecteddecision:Hewasgoingtogooutsideandintroducehimself.(一天，Peterson正在读《爱的力量》，这时他被一个流浪汉打扰了。受到书中富有同情心的信息的启发，Peterson做了一个意想不到的决定：他要出去介绍自己)”可知，Peterson之前一直对流浪汉的存在感到困扰，而读完这本书，他受到了书中同情心理念的影响，决定走出去向流浪汉介绍自己，并最终帮助了流浪汉。由此可知，当Peterson读完书后，他对流浪汉充满担忧。故选C。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段““Itwasthestrangestthingtome,”Petersonrecalled.“Isawbeautyonthefaceofamanwhohadn’tshavedortakenashowerinprobablyayear.Buthisstoryinspiredme.”AndeventhoughPeterson,anartschoolgraduate,hadn’tpaintedinabouteightyears,heaskedifhecouldpaintFaris’sportrait(肖像).Farissaidyes(“这对我来说是最奇怪的事情，”Peterson回忆说。“我在一个大概一年都没刮胡子、没洗澡的男人脸上看到了美。但他的故事激励了我。”尽管毕业于艺术学院的Peterson已经有八年没有画过画了，但他还是问能不能画一下Faris的肖像。Faris答应了)”可知，Peterson和Faris交流之后，决定为他画一幅肖像画。故选D。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“ThisexperienceledPetersontoformFacesofSantaAna,anon-profitorganizationfocusedonbefriendingandpaintingportraitsofunhousedpeople.(这段经历促使Peterson成立了“FacesofSantaAna”，这是一个非营利组织，致力于帮助无家可归的人，并为他们画肖像)”可知，为了帮助无家可归的人，Peterson成立了一个非营利组织。故选A。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“He’sdiscoveredthatthebuyerstendtoconnecttothestoryofthepersoninthepainting,findingsimilaritiesandoftenfriendshipwithsomeonetheymighthaveotherwisestereotyped(持固有观念)oroverlooked.(他发现，买家倾向于与画中人物的故事联系起来，找到相似之处，往往与他们原本可能刻板印象或忽视的人建立友谊)”以及全文内容可知，通过画肖像，Peterson帮助无家可归的人打破了人们的固有观念，让他们感到被尊重和欣赏。由此推知，这所有的一切都是源于Peterson最初对流浪汉的同情心。故选C。CAntarctica,thesouthernmostcontinentonEarthandafrozencontinent,remainsanmysteriousandoriginalland,buriediniceandsurroundedbyavast,inhospitableocean,whichoftenshrouded(隐藏)inmysteryandintrigue.Itholdsawealthofscientificwonderswaitingtobeexplored.Withtheaidofcutting-edgetechnology,researchershavedelvedintoitsicydepths,uncoveringthesecretsofthisremoteandpristine(原始的)wilderness.AttheforefrontofAntarcticexplorationareadvancedsatelliteimagingsystems.Theseorbitingwondersprovidedetailedmapsofthecontinent’ssurface,allowingscientiststomonitorchangesinicecoverageandtrackthemovementsofglacierswithunprecedentedaccuracy.SuchdataiscrucialforunderstandingtheimpactsofclimatechangeonAntarctica’sdelicateecosystemandpredictingfuturesea-levelrise.Inadditiontosatellites,autonomousunderwatervehicles(AUVs)playakeyroleinAntarcticresearch.Theseroboticsubmarinesareequippedwithanarrayofsensorsandcameras,enablingthemtonavigatebeneaththeiceshelvesandexplorepreviouslyinaccessibleregions.Bycollectingdataonwatertemperature,salinity,andmarinelife,AUVsofferinvaluableinsightsintothedynamicsofAntarcticOceancurrentsandthehabitatsofitsuniquemarinespecies.Furthermore,droneshaverevolutionizedscientificfieldworkinAntarctica.Theseunmannedaerialvehicles(UAVs)areutilizedforconductingaerialsurveysofvasticesheetsandcapturinghigh-resolutionimageryofremotelocations.Byprovidingresearcherswithreal-timedataandimagery,dronesfacilitaterapidassessmentsofenvironmentalchangesandaidinthestudyofwildlifepopulations,frompenguinstoseals.Despitetheremarkableadvancementsintechnology,conductingresearchinAntarcticaremainsahugechallengeduetoitsextremeweatherconditionsandremotelocation.However,throughcooperativeeffortsandinnovativeapproaches,scientistscontinuetopushtheboundariesofexploration,uncoveringthemysteriesofAntarcticaandadvancingourunderstandingoftheEarth’sclimatesystem.8.WhattechnologyisprimarilyusedformonitoringchangesinicecoverageinAntarctica?A.Drones.B.Submersiblerobots.C.Satelliteimagingsystems.D.Autonomousunderwatervehicles(AUVs).9.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefourthparagraph?A.ExploringandresearchonAntarcticaisaneasytask.B.ScientificfieldworkinAntarcticaishardtocontinue.C.DronesplayasignificantpartinscientificfieldworkinAntarctica.D.Dronescapturehigh-resolutionimageryofremotelocations.10.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardstheresearchinAntarctica?A.Objective. B.Subjective. C.Suspicious. D.Indifference.11.Whatwouldbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheChallengesofAntarcticExplorationB.TraditionalMethodsofAntarcticResearchC.TheEnvironmentalImpactofSatelliteImagingD.TheTechnologicalWondersofExploringAntarctica【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在尖端技术的帮助下，研究人员深入研究了南极冰冷的深处，揭开了这片这远而原始的荒野的秘密。〖答案〗8.C9.C10.A11.D【8题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“AttheforefrontofAntarcticexplorationareadvancedsatelliteimagingsystems.Theseorbitingwondersprovidedetailedmapsofthecontinent’ssurface,allowingscientiststomonitorchangesinicecoverageandtrackthemovementsofglacierswithunprecedentedaccuracy.(在南极探索的最前沿的是先进的卫星成像系统。这些绕轨道运行的奇迹提供了南极洲大陆表面的详细地图，使科学家们能够以前所未有的准确性监测冰层覆盖范围的变化，并跟踪冰川的运动)”可知，卫星成像系统为科学家提供了详细的南极大陆表面地图，以便他们监测冰盖变化并跟踪冰川的运动。故选C。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Furthermore,droneshaverevolutionizedscientificfieldworkinAntarctica.Theseunmannedaerialvehicles(UAVs)areutilizedforconductingaerialsurveysofvasticesheetsandcapturinghigh-resolutionimageryofremotelocations.Byprovidingresearcherswithreal-timedataandimagery,dronesfacilitaterapidassessmentsofenvironmentalchangesandaidinthestudyofwildlifepopulations,frompenguinstoseals.(此外，无人机已经彻底改变了南极洲的科学实地考察。这些无人驾驶飞行器(uav)用于对巨大的冰盖进行空中调查，并捕获偏远地区的高分辨率图像。通过向研究人员提供实时数据和图像，无人机促进了对环境变化的快速评估，并有助于研究从企鹅到海豹等野生动物种群)”可推知，无人机在南极洲科考工作中起着非常重大的作用。故选C。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Despitetheremarkableadvancementsintechnology.conductingresearchinAntarcticaremainsaformidablechallengeduetoitsextremeweatherconditionsandremotelocation.(尽管在技术上取得了显著的进步，但由于南极洲的极端天气条件和偏远的地理位置，在南极洲进行研究仍然是一个艰巨的挑战)”可推知，作者对在南极进行研究持有客观的态度。故选A。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Withtheaidofcutting-edgetechnology,researchershavedelvedintoitsicydepths,unravelingthesecretsofthisremoteandpristinewilderness.(在尖端技术的帮助下，研究人员深入到冰封的深处，揭开了这片遥远而原始的荒野的秘密)”以及全文内容可知，文章中介绍了南极探险中使用的先进技术。由此可知，D项“TheTechnologicalWondersofExploringAntarctica.(探索南极的技术奇迹)”适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。DManyindustriesarefacingashortageoflabour.Warehousinghasgrownrapidly.Androbotsarenowindispensable,pickingitemsoffshelvesandhelpingpeoplepackanexponentiallyrisingnumbersofboxes.Theyareevenbeginningtowalkslowlyalongsomepavements,deliveringgoodsorfoodrighttopeople’sdoors.Havingmorerobotstoboostproductivitywouldbeagoodthing.Andyetmanypeoplefearthatrobotswilldestroyjobs.Apaperin2013byeconomistsatOxfordUniversitywaswidelymisinterpretedasmeaningthat47%ofAmericanjobswereatriskofbeingautomated.Infact,concernsaboutmassunemploymentbecauseofrobotsareoverblown.Theevidencesuggestsrobotswillbeultimatelybeneficialforlabourmarkets.AYaleUniversitystudyfoundthatanincreaseofonerobotunitper1,000workersboostedacompany’semploymentinJapan.Anotherstudy,byresearchersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyandcolleagueselsewhere,lookedatFinnishfirmsandconcludedthattheiruseofadvancedtechnologiesledtoincreasesinhiring.Forallthat,themarchoftherobotswillbringbigchangestoworkplaces.Theskillsandfirmsthatarerewardedwillshift,too.Butthatneednotbethedisastermanyfear.Onesupposedexampleof“badautomation”isself-servicecheckoutsinsupermarketsbecausetheydisplacehumanworkers.Checkoutstaffwhoretraintohelpcustomerspickitemsfromaislesmaywellfindthatdealingwithpeopleinneedismorerewardingthanspendingalldayscanningbarcodes.Certainly,somepeoplewillbeonthelosingendofchangeevenastherobotsmakesocietyasawholebetteroff.Onelessonfromthefreewheelingglobalizationofthe1990sand2000sisthatthegrowthintradethatwasoverwhelminglybeneficialcontributedtoapoliticalbacklash(强烈抵制)becausethelosersfeltleftbehind.That’sonemorereasonwhyfirmsandgovernmentswoulddowelltorecognizethevalueofretrainingandlifelonglearning.Asjobschange,workersshouldbehelpedtoacquirenewskills,includinghowtoworkwithandmanagetherobotsthatwillincreasinglybetheircolleagues.Thepotentialgainsfromtherobotrevolutionhavejuststarted.Itwon’tbetheplotinsomefilmswheretherobotsfightagainsttheirhumanmastersandcausemassunemployment.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“indispensable”meaninParagraph1?A.Essential. B.Spare. C.Detective. D.Complicated.13.Whydoestheauthormentiontheexampleof“badautomation”inParagraph4?A.Toprovethatrobotswillnotbeadisaster.B.Toremindusofthebigchangesatworkplaces.C.Toillustratecheckoutstaffwillscanbarcodesslowly.D.Totellfirmsthevalueofretrainingandlifelonglearning.14.Accordingtotheauthor,whatwillhappeninthefuture?A.Itwillpushloserstoleavebehind.B.Robotsmayleadtomassunemployment.C.Peoplewillhelprobotstogainnewskills.D.Robotsandpeoplemaybecomeco-workers.15.Whatdoestheauthormayagreeinthetext?A.Jobswillbeatriskduetorobots.B.Noevidenceshowsthatrobotswilldestroyjobs.C.Lifelonglearningwillquicklyboostmassemployment.D.Peoplehavebenefitedalotfromtherobotrevolution.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍许多行业正面临劳动力短缺的问题，同时因机器人的大量出现，很多人担心失去工作岗位，而多项研究发现事实并非如此，拥有更多的机器人来提高生产力将是一件好事。作者认为没有证据表明机器人会导致大面积失业。〖答案〗12.A13.A14.D15.B【12题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Warehousinghasgrownrapidly.(仓储业发展迅速)”以及下文“pickingitemsoffshelvesandhelpingpeoplepackanexponentiallyrisingnumbersofbones.(它可以从货架上挑选物品，并帮助人们打包数量呈指数级增长的盒子)”可推知，机器人现在是必不可少。由此可知，划线词indispensable与essential“必不可少的”意思一致。故选A。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Forallthat,themarchoftherobotswillbringbigchangestoworkplaces.Theskillsandfirmsthatarerewardedwillshift,too.Butthatneednotbethedisastermanyfeat.Onesupposedexampleof“badautomation”isself-servicecheckoutsinsupermarketsbecausetheydisplacehumanworkers.(尽管如此，机器人的发展将给工作场所带来巨大的变化。技能和得到回报的公司也将发生变化。但这未必是许多人担心的灾难。一个被认为是“糟糕的自动化”的例子是超市的自助结账，因为它们取代了人工)”可推知，提到“糖糕的自动化”是要证明机器人并不意味着灾难。故选A。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Asjobschange,workersshouldbehelpedtoacquirenewskills,includinghowtoworkwithandmanagetherobotsthatwillincreasinglybetheircolleagues.(随着工作的变化，应该帮助工人获得新的技能，包括如何与机器人合作和管理机器人，这些机器人将越来越多地成为他们的同事)”可推知，作者认为机器人和人可能会成为同事。故选D。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thepotentialgainsfromtherobotrevolutionhavejuststarted.Itwon’tbetheplotinsomefilmswheretherobotsfightagainsttheirhumanmasters.andcausemassunemployment.(机器人革命的潜在收益才刚刚开始。这不会是一些电影中机器人与人类主人战斗并导致大规模失业的情节)”可推知，作者认为没有证据表明机器人会造成人类大面积失业。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Coralreefsaretherainforestsoftheocean.Theyexistonvastscalesandareequallyimportanthavens(避风港)ofbiodiversity.Reefsoccupy0.1%oftheoceans.____16________17____Withouttheprotectionwhichreefsaffordfromcrashingwaves,low-lyingislandssuchastheMaldiveswouldhavefloodedlongago,andabillionpeoplewouldlosefoodorincome.However,reefsareunderthreatfromrisingseatemperatures.Heatcausesthealgae(海藻)withwhichcoralsarelivingtogethertogeneratetoxins(毒素)thatforcethosecoraltoleave.Thiscancauseacoral’sdeath.Researchgroupsaroundtheworldarecomingupwithplansofactiontoseeifthatwillhelp,suchasidentifyingnaturallyheat-resistantcoralsandcross-breedingsuchcoralstocreateanewtype.____18____Withoutcarbonreductionanddeclineinlocal,coral-killingpollution,evenresistantcoralswillnotsurvivethecentury.Doubtersdoubthumanitywillgetitsacttogetherintimetomakemuchdifference.____19____Carbontargetsarebeingsetandoceanpollutionisbeingdealtwith.Countriesthatshareresponsibilitiesforreefsarestartingtoacttogether.Scientificworkaroundscanalsobefound.Naturalcurrentscanbeappliedtofacilitatemassbreeding.Sitesofthegreatestecologicalandeconomicalimportancecanbeidentifiedtomaximizebangforbuck.Thismixofnaturalactivityandhumaninterventionisimportant.____20____Hard-coregreens-thosewhothinkthatallhabitatsshouldbekeptunspoiled-maynotapprove.Butwhenentireecosystemsarefacingdestruction,thecostofdoingnothingistoogreattobear.A.Coralsareusefultopeople.B.Buttherearegroundsforoptimism.C.Andtheyhostaquarterofmarinespecies.D.Itcouldserveasablueprintforotherecosystems.E.Coral’sglobalecosystemservicesareworthupto$10trnayear.F.Thisresearchcanalsobebroughttobearontryingtosaveentireecosystems.G.However,theassistedevolutionofcoralsdoesnotmeetwithuniversalenthusiasm.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。珊瑚礁对海洋生态系统和人类至关重要，但是珊瑚礁正受到海水温度上升的威胁，研究人员正在采用自然活动和人为干预相结合的措施进行保护。〖答案〗16.C17.A18.G19.B20.D【16题详析】根据前文“Coralreefsaretherainforestsoftheocean.Theyexistonvastscalesandareequallyimportanthavensofbiodiversity.(珊瑚礁是海洋中的热带雨林。它们规模庞大，同样是生物多样性的重要避风港)”可知，此处是讲珊瑚礁是海洋生物多样性的重要避风港，C项“Andtheyhostaquarterofmarinespecies.(它们是四分之一海洋物种的家园)”同样描述前文语境，切合文意。故选C。【17题详析】根据后文“Withouttheprotectionwhichreefsaffordfromcrashingwaves,low-lyingislandssuchastheMaldiveswouldhavefloodedlongago,andabillionpeoplewouldlosefoodorincome.(如果没有珊瑚礁所提供的保护，像马尔代夫这样地势低洼的岛屿很久以前就会被洪水淹没，10亿人将失去食物和收入)”可知，此处是说明珊瑚礁的用途。A项“Coralsareusefultopeople.(珊瑚对人类很有用)”该项提到珊瑚对于人类的用处，切合文意，起到引出后文的作用。故选A。【18题详析】根据前文“Researchgroupsaroundtheworldarecomingupwithplansofactiontoseeifthatwillhelp,suchasidentifyingnaturallyheat-resistantcoralsandcross-breedingsuchcoralstocreateanewtype.(世界各地的研究小组正在制定行动计划，看看这是否会有所帮助。比如识别天然耐热珊瑚，并对这种珊瑚进行杂交，以创造一种新的珊瑚)”和后文“Withoutcarbonreductionanddeclineinlocal,coral-killingpollution,evenresistantcoralswillnotsurvivethecentury.(如果不减少碳排放，不减少对当地珊瑚造成伤害的污染，即使是有抵抗力的珊瑚也无法在本世纪存活)”可知，此处是指珊瑚的辅助进化并没有受到广泛的认可，G项“However,theassistedevolutionofcoralsdoesnotmeetwithuniversalenthusiasm.(然而，珊瑚的辅助进化并没有受到普遍的支持)”该项提到珊瑚的进化并没有得到支持。切合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选G。【19题详析】根据后文“Carbontargetsarebeingsetandoceanpollutionisbeingdealtwith.Countriesthatshareresponsibilitiesforreefsarestartingtoacttogether.(碳排放目标正在制定，海洋污染正在处理。对珊瑚礁负有共同责任的国家开始共同行动)”可知，此处是指情况也有好的趋势，B项“Buttherearegroundsforoptimism.(但我们有理由感到乐观)”该项提到各国开始采取行动，说明事情在往好的方面发展。该项切合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选B。【20题详析】根据前文“Thismixofnaturalactivityandhumaninterventionisimportant.(这种自然活动和人类干预的混合是很重要的)”和后文“Hard-coregreens—thosewhothinkthatallhabitatsshouldbekeptunspoiled—maynotapprove.Butwhenentireecosystemsarefacingdestruction,thecostofdoingnothingistoogreattobear.(核心的绿色植物——那些认为所有的栖息地都应该不受破坏的人——可能不会同意。但是，当整个生态系统面临破坏时，什么都不做的代价太大而无法承受)”可知，此处是指珊瑚礁非常重要，可以作为其他生态系统的蓝图。D项“Itcouldserveasablueprintforotherecosystems.(它可以作为其他生态系统的蓝图)”表明珊瑚对生态系统也起到很大的作用。该项切合文意，符合语境。故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。IusedtohatebeingcalleduponinclassmainlybecauseIdidn’tlikeattentiondrawntomyself.Andunlessotherwise____21____aseatbytheteacher,Ialwayschosetositatthebackoftheclassroom.Allthis____22____afterIjoinedasportsteam.ItbeganwhenateachersuggestedI____23____thebasketballteam.AtfirstIthoughtitwasacrazy____24____becauseIdidn’thaveagoodsenseofbalance,nordidIhavetheabilitytokeeppacewiththeothersontheteamandtheywouldteaseme.Butfortheteacherwhokeptinsistingonmy“____25____forit”,Iwouldn’thavedecidedtogiveatry.Gettingupthecouragetogotothetryoutswasonlythehalfofit!WhenIfirststarted____26____thepracticesessions,Ididn’tevenknowtherulesofthegame,muchworsewhatIwasdoing.SometimesI’dget____27____andtakeashotatthewrongdirection,whichmademefeelreallystupid.____28____Iwasn’ttheonlyone"new”atthegame,soIdecidedtofocusonlearningthegame,domybestateachpracticesession,andnotbetoohardonmyselfforthethingsIdidn’t____29____“justyet”.Ipracticedandpracticed.SoonIknewtherulesandthe“moves”.Beingpartofateamwasfunandmotivating.Verysoonthecompetitive____30____inmewaswinningovermylackof____31____.Withtime，Ilearnedhowtoplayandmadefriendsintheprocess-friendswhorespectedmyeffortstoworkhardandbeateamplayer.Ineverhadsomuch____32____!Withmyimprovedself-confidencecomesmore____33____fromteachersandclassmates.Ihave-gonefrom“____34____”inthebackoftheclassroomandnotwantingtocallattentiontomyself,toraisingmyhand-evenwhenIsometimeswasn’tandnot100percent____35____Ihadtherightanswer.NowIhavemoreself-confidenceinmyself.21.A.assigned B.occupied C.possessed D.established22.A.continued B.changed C.settled D.started23.A.reachoutfor B.tryoutfor C.comeupwith D.makeupfor24.A.idea B.plan C.belief D.saying25.A.going B.looking C.cheering D.applying26.A.enjoying B.preparing C.attending D.watching27.A.committed B.motivated C.embarrassed D.confused28.A.Interestingly B.Fortunately C.Obviously D.Hopefully29.A.want B.do C.support D.know30.A.roles B.part C.mind D.value31.A.satisfaction B.determination C.confidence D.devotion32.A.concern B.fright C.sorrow D.fun33.A.praise B.blame C.comfort D.envy34.A.dreaming B.playing C.relaxing D.hiding35.A.lucky B.happy C.sure D.satisfied【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因为害怕别人的关注总是坐在最后一排。后在老师鼓励下尝试加入篮球队。初期困难重重，但坚持不懈学习规则和技能，逐渐适应团队竞技并建立自信。最终，通过团队活动克服自卑感，学会积极参与课堂互动，提升了自信心和社交能力。〖答案〗21.A22.B23.B24.A25.A26.C27.D28.B29.D30.B31.C32.D33.A34.D35.C【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：除非老师另行安排座位，否则我总是选择坐在教室的后面。A.assigned分配；B.occupied占据；C.possessed拥有；D.established建立。根据空后“aseatbytheteacher,Ialwayschosetositatthebackoftheclassroom.”可知，除非被老师安排一个座位，作者喜欢坐在教室的后排。故选A。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我加入运动队后，一切都变了。A.continued继续；B.changed改变；C.settled解决；D.started开始。根据下文“NowIhavemoreself-confidenceinmyself.”可知，作者有了自信心是从他加入篮球队开始。所以此处指作者加入篮球队后，一切事情都改变了。故选B。【23题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：事情开始于一位老师建议我参加篮球队的选拔赛。A.reachoutfor伸手去拿；B.tryoutfor参加…的选拔；C.comeupwith想出；D.makeupfor弥补。根据下文“Gettingupthecouragetogotothetryoutswasonlythehalfofit!”可知，作者的老师建议他去参加篮球队的选拔。故选B。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，我觉得这是一个疯狂的想法，因为我没有很好的平衡感，也没有能力跟上团队中其他人的步伐，他们会取笑我。A.idea想法；B.plan计划；C.belief信念；D.saying说法。根据上文“ItbeganwhenateachersuggestedI_______thebasketballteam.”可知，老师建议作者去参加篮球队的选拔。作者觉得这是一个疯狂的想法。故选A。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果不是那位老师一直坚持让我去尝试，我不会决定试一试。A.going去；B.looking看起来；C.cheering欢呼；D.applying应用。根据下文“Iwouldn’thavedecidedtogiveatry”可知，老师一直让作者去尝试一下，所以他决定试试。goforit“试一试”故选A。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我刚开始参加练习时，我甚至不知道比赛规则，更糟糕的是我在做什么。A.enjoying享受；B.preparing准备；C.attending参加；D.watching观看。根据空后的“thepracticesession”可知，刚开始时，作者参加了练习的环节。故选C。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时我会感到困惑，朝着错误的方向投篮，这让我觉得自己真的很愚蠢。A.committed坚定的；B.motivated有积极性的；C.embarrassed尴尬的；D.confused困惑的。根据上文“ Ididn’tevenknowtherulesofthegame,muchworsewhatIwasdoing”以及下文“Ididn’tevenknowtherulesofthegame,muchworsewhatIwasdoing”可知，作者刚开始练习篮球时不知道比赛规则，不知道自己要做什么。所以有时他非常的困惑。故选D。【28题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我并不是唯一一个“新”参加比赛的人，所以我决定专注于学习比赛，在每次练习中都尽我所能，不要因为“还不知道”的事情而对自己太苛刻。A.Interestingly有趣的是；B.Fortunately幸运的是；C.Obviously显然；D.Hopefully有希望地。根据下文“Iwasn’ttheonlyone"new”atthegame,soIdecidedtofocusonlearningthegame,domybestateachpracticesession”可知，幸运的是，作者意识到他不是唯一一个“新”参加比赛的人，所以他决定专注于学习比赛，并没有因为遇到困难而放弃。故选B。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我并不是唯一一个“新”参加比赛的人，所以我决定专注于学习比赛，在每次练习中都尽我所能，不要因为“还不知道”的事情而对自己太苛刻。A.want想要；B.do做；C.support支持；D.know知道。根据上文“Ididn’tevenknowtherulesofthegame,muchworsewhatIwasdoing”可知，作者觉得不要因为自己还不知道的事情而对自己太苛刻。故选D。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，我的好胜心战胜了我缺乏的自信心。A.roles角色；B.part部分；C.mind心智；D.value价值。根据上文“SoonIknewtherulesandthe“moves”.Beingpartofateamwasfunandmotivating.”可知，作者了解了篮球的规则，觉得成为团队的一员非常有趣，所以好胜心战胜了他缺乏的自信心。此处“competitivepartinme”指作者的“好胜心”。故选B。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，我的好胜心战胜了我缺乏的自信心。A.satisfaction满意；B.determination决定；C.confidence自信；D.devotion挚爱。根据下文“Withmyimprovedself-confidence”可知，作者的好胜心战胜了他缺乏的信心。故选C。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有这么开心过！A.concern关注点；B.fright惊吓；C.sorrow悲伤；D.fun乐趣。根据上文“Withtime,Ilearnedhowtoplayandmadefriendsintheprocess-friendswhorespectedmy