Unit4Roadsafety（讲义）译林版英语六年级下册

六年级第四单元单词safely安全地 easily容易地 safe安全的 light灯road马路，公路 safety安全 cross穿过 must必须zebracrossing斑马线 pavement人行道 lookoutfor当心，提防follow遵守 rule规则 stay保持 二、词组1.roadsafety道路安全2.manybusyroads许多繁忙的道路3.lookfor寻找4.azebracrossing一条斑马线5.lookatthetrafficlights看着交通灯6.waitforthegreenman(light)等待绿灯7.theredman(light)红灯8.crosstheroadsaftly安全过马路9.tokeepsafe为了保证安全10.onthepavement在人行道上11.lookoutforcars当心车辆12.lookleft/right向左/右看13.withotherpeople和其他人一起14.seeyoueasily容易看见你15.ontheroad在路上16.followtherules遵守规则17.staysafe保持安全18.runquickly快速地跑19.ontheleft/rightside在左/右边20.exceptHongKong除了香港21.gettoyourhouse到达你家22.gotoseetheiraunt去看他们的阿姨23.takethebus乘公交车24.getonthebus上公交车25.somanycars如此多的小轿车26.goon继续27.stopandwait停下来等28.stopagain又停下来29.gotoseethedoctor去看病30.besick生病了31.playballgames玩球类游戏32.classroomrules班规33.gofast走得快34.keepsth.clean保持……干净35.talkloudly大声说话36.listentoyourteachers听老师讲三、重点句型1. Therearemanybusyroadsinthecity.城市里有许多繁忙的道路。2. Howcanyoucrossthemsafely?你怎么安全地穿过马路呢？3. First,youmustlookforazebracrossing.首先，你必须找斑马线。4. Then,youmustlookatthetrafficlightsandwaitforthegreenman.然后，你必须看着交通灯，等待绿灯。5. Youmustn’tcrosstheroadnow.你现在不可以过马路。6. Tokeepsafe,youcanwaitonthepavementandlookoutforcarsandbikes.为了安全，你可以在人行道上等待，当心小汽车和自行车。Youmustfirstlookleft,thenrightandthenleftagain.你必须先看左边，再看右边，然后再看左边。8. Thenthedriverscanseeyoueasily.然后司机们可以容易地看见你。9. Somechildrenrunorplayfootballontheroad.一些孩子在马路上乱跑或踢足球。10. Youmustnotplayontheroadbecausetherearemanycarsandbikes.不准在马路上玩因为有很多小汽车和自行车。11. Followtherulesandstaysafeontheroad.遵循规则，在马路上保持安全。12. Whatmustyoudotocrosstheroadsafely?想安全过马路必须做什么呢？13. Imustlookoutforcars.我必须小心汽车。14. Howdowegettoyourhouse?我们怎么到你家？15. Theygetonthebus.他们上了公交车。16. Itmeanswemuststop.这意味着我们必须停下来。17. Thebusgoeson,butsoonitstopsagain.公交车继续开，单很快它又停了下来。语法知识点一、1.must/mustn’t的用法重点语法：1.概述：情态动词本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪、态度和语气，但是不能单独用作谓语，只能和其他动词原形构成复合谓语，没有人称和数的变化。2.Must最基本的用法must最基本的用法是表示“必须，一定要”，此时既可以用在肯定句中，也可以用在否定句或疑问句中，后面接动词原形肯定句主语+must+dosth否定句主语+mustnot/mustn’t+dosth一般疑问句Must+主语+dosth?特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+must+主语+动词原形？例：我必须小心汽车。Imustlookforcars.我必须在马路上小心些。Imustbecarefulontheroad.你不可以在马路上跑。Youmustn’trunontheroad.你不可以太晚睡觉。Youmustn’tgotobedtoolate.我必须去看医生吗？MustIgotoseethedoctor?我必须唱歌吗？MustIsingasong?在马路上你必须做什么？Whatmustyoudoontheroad?为了保持健康我们必须做什么？Whatmustwedotokeephealthy?3.否定形式mustn’t的意思mustn’t意为“一定不要，不能，不允许，不可以”，而不是“不必”。要表示“不必”，可用needn’t或don’thaveto例：你不可以在马路上踢足球。Youmustn’trunontheroad.你不可以大声说话。Youmustn’tspeakloudly.4.对must开头的一般疑问句的回答肯定回答：Yes,主语+must.否定回答：No,主语+needn’t/don’thaveto.例：我必须今天完成工作吗？MustIfinishtheworktoday?Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t./No,youdon’thaveto.5.must和haveto区别must必须做某事（主观）haveto不得不做某事（客观）must作情态动词时，无时态和人称的变化，可用于现在或将来，不能用于过去。haveto作情态动词时，有时态和人称变化，可用于过去时例如：Ihadtogetupearlyyesterdaymorning,becauseIhavelotsofthingstodo.练习：I_______helpeachothers.Mysisterisill.Mymother___________lookafterher.6.小学阶段常见情态动词can,could,may,must,shall,should,would+动词原形can:表示能力，允许，可能性例：ShecanspeakEnglish./Youcanusemypen.may:表示许可，可能，请求例：Youmaygonow./Itmayberight./MayIspeaktoMissLi?must:必须，具有强制命令的意思例：Youmustwaitonthepavement.shall:征求对方意见，多用于第一人称例：Shallweplayfootball?should:表示常理认为是对的事或不应该做的事例：Weshouldn’twalkonthegrass.Youshouldstayathomeandhavearest.would:表示请求或询问对方意见例：Wouldyoulikesomebread?Wouldyoushowmehowtomakeapuppet?③mustbe表示推测，表示有很大的可能性，用在肯定句知识点二：.Howcanwecrossthemsafely?知识点（1）：how询问某种方式例：Themousesaidhappily.→Howdidthemousesay?Thelionbitthenetwithhissharpteeth.→Howdidthelionbitethenet?Ietoschoolbybuseveryday.→Howdoyouetoschooleveryday?知识点（2）：词汇辨析safe,safely,safety用法:safe形容词例：keep/staysafesafely副词例：crosstheroadsafelysafety名词例：roadsafety练习：Thewomaniscrying_______(sad).知识点三.Here’sthegreenman.知识点：here后的谓语动词的形式用法：here后的动词的单复不是看here，而是看后面的主语例：老虎来了。Hereethetigers.这儿是一些水果。Hereissomefruit.公交车来了。Hereesthebus.知识点四：Tokeepsafe,youcanwaitonthepavementandlookoutforcarsandbikes.知识点（1）：to放句首表示目的例：为了保持城市的整洁我们可以做什么？Whatcanwedotokeepourcityclean?为了保持教室的干净，我们应该把垃圾扔到垃圾桶里。 Tokeepourclassroomclean,weshouldputtherubbishinthebin.为了保持健康，我每天早起。Tokeepsafe,Igetupearlyeveryday.知识点（2）：pavement前用介词on知识点五：IntheUK,peopledriveontheleftsideoftheroad.知识点：ontheleft/right复习：你可以看见超市在你的左手边。Youcanseethesupermarketonyourleft.例：在路的右边ontherightsideoftheroad知识点六：.BobbyandTinagotoseetheiraunt.知识点：去做某事的表达用法：gotodosth例：去看医生gotoseethedoctor知识点七：Youcantakethebus,Tina.知识点：take+交通工具+to+某地=goto+某地+by+交通工具例：你可以骑自行车去公园。Youcangototheparkbybike.=Youcanrideabiketothepark.知识点八：Theygetonthebus.知识点：复习geton用法用法：geton上车（大车）getoff下车（大车）getin/into上车（出租车，小汽车）getoutof下车（出租车，小汽车）例：上火车 getonthetrain下公交车 getoffthebus上小汽车 getin/intothecar/taxi下小汽车 getoutofthecar/taxi在东亭站下地铁 getoffthemetroatDongtingStation知识点九：Youcan’tgotoschoolbecauseyou’resick.知识点：sick&ill辨析用法：sick既可以作表语也可以作定语；ill只能做表语例：我生病了。 Iamsick/ill.他帮助病人。 Hehelpssickpeople.知识点十：Youcanalsocrosstheroadwithotherpeople.with在句中的意思是和①和Heplayfootballwithhisfriends.with②具有某种特点，长着Thegirlwithbigeyes③带有Abighousewithagarden④穿着/戴着Thewomanwitharedhat练习：(1)我想和妈妈一起逛超市。Iwantto______________thesupermarket_______mymother.(2)那个长着长头发的女人是谁？Whoisthewoman_____________________?知识点十：Followtherulersandstaysafeontheroad!follow在句中的意思是“遵守”follow还可以意为:跟随练习：(1)我们必须遵守图书馆的规则。We____________________________ofthelibrary.(2)请跟我来！______________please!巩固练习：一、按要求写单词。1.sick(同义词)___________________2.good(副词)___________________3.many(同义短语)________________4.bread（复数）_________________5.always（反义词）______________6.haveto（同义词）______________7.right（同音词）________________8.easy(副词)___________________9.easy(反义词)__________________10.get（过去式）_______________二、用所给词的适当形式填空。1.There_________(be)anymeatonmyplate.2.Helenis___________.Shedances_________.(happy)3.YangLing________(walk)byandsawaniceladybird.4.Wouldyoulike__________(eat)somemushrooms?5.Themanlaughed___________(loud)and______________(let)thethiefgo.6.Youshouldn’t__________(caught)thebirds.Theyareourfriends.7.Thedogandthecat___________(bee)goodfriendsfromthenon.8.Eatingtoomuchisbadforyour_________(healthy).9.Thelionwas__________(angry).10.He___________(go)away____________(angry).三、根据首字母提示填入合适的单词。1.Colaisb_______forus.Weshouldn’tdrinktoom__________cola.2.Mikedoesn’thaveah________diet.Helikess___________.3.Youcanf_______azebracrossingn_________you.4.Heoftend_______al_________ofwatereveryday.5.Ilikeeatingv________.Ieatafewt_________everyday.6.There’ssome________(apple)juiceinthefridge.7.Myfathercame________(see)meyesterday.四、选择正确的答案，将其序号填入括号内。()1.Skatingontheroadsafe.A.doB.don’tC.isD.isn’t()2.keepsafe,youshouldwalkonthepavement.A./B.ToC.ForD.With()3.IntheUK,peopledrivethesideoftheroad.[来源:A.on;leftB.at;leftC.at;rightD.on;right()4.Let’sgotothepark.Canyoutellmehowthere?A.gettoB.togetC.gotoD.eto()5.Look!Somearecrossingtheroad.A.elephantB.peopleC.mouseD.ant()6.Thereissowaterinthepool(水池).A.manyB.muchC.fewD.alittle()7.LiuTaoishispencilcase.Buthecan’tit.A.finding;findB.lookingfor;lookforC.finding;lookforD.lookingfor;find()8.YangLinglikesEnglish.SoshelearnsEnglish.A.easyB.easilyC.goodD.lovely[来源:Z|xx|k.]()9.thetrafficlightsandthegreenman.A.Look;waitB.Lookat;waitforC.Lookfor;waitforD.Lookout;waitfor()10.youcrosstheroadwithotherpeoplejustnow?A.CanB.DidC.Do()11.Wesmokeinthelibrary.A.mustn’tB.mustC.can()12.InChina,exceptHongKongandMacau,peopledriveontheoftheroad.A.rightsideB.leftsideC.second()13.Yourlittlesisterwalknow.Sheisonlyoneyearold.A.canB.can’tC.mustn’t()14.YouwatchTV.Yougotobednow.It’stoolate.A.can;mustB.can’t;mustC.mustn’t;can()15.I’mmycameranow.Itwasinmybagyesterday.A.lookingforB.findingC.lookingat()16.Agoodstudentmustinclass.A.listenstotheteacherB.listeningtoteacherC.listentotheteacher()17.Look!Theythebus.A.takeB.takingC.aretaking()18.Weshouldeat________________everyday.A.alittlevegetablesB.somevegetablesC.muchvegetablesD.fewvegetables()19.I________________somericeandvegetablestoday.A.haveonlyB.hasonlyC.onlyhasD.onlyhave()20.MustIreadthebookhere?No,you______.Youcantakeithome.A.mustn’tB.haven’ttoC.can’tD.don’thaveto五、用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Doesyourbrotherplayfootball(good),Tom?2.Tomcan(draw)picturesinthepark.3.Thesign(mean)youcan’tparkhere.4.(will)youlikeaglassofjuice?Yes,please.5.Thedrivermust(look)atthetrafficlights.6.Wemustcrosstheroad(safe).7.(keep)safe,wemustfollowthetrafficrules.8.Look,thechildren(cross)theroadwiththeirteachers.9.Theyaregoing______(see)theiraunt.10.Look!She____(wear)anicedress.（B）1.Theteachercananswerthequestions__________(easy).2.WeiHua________(meet)YangLingonRiverRoadthismorning.3.Some_________(child)runorplayontheroad.4.Let’sfinish________(they)quickly.5.WhatmustLiuTao_________(do)inthelibrary?6.Weshouldkeep_________(health).7.Youmuststay_________(safe)ontheroadandcrossit_________(safe).8.Youmustn’trun___________(quick)ontheroad.9.Thebusis_________(stop)ontheroad.10.______(keep)safe,wemustfollowthetrafficrules.11.Look,thechildren_______(cross)theroadwiththeirteachers.12.I’dlike_____________(go)thebusstationwithyou.13.Thestudents____________(buy)thingsinthesupermarkettomorrowafternoon.六、按要求改写句子。1.Youcansinginthenextroom.(改为一般疑问句)singinthenextroom?2.Idon’tgotoschoolbecauseI’msick.(对画线部分提问)yougotoschool?3.Shewenttoseehergrandparentsyesterday.(对画线部分提问)shedoyesterday?4.Therearesometrafficlightshere.(改为否定句)Theretrafficlightshere.5.Icancrosstheroadwithotherpeople.(对画线部分提问)cancrosstheroadwith?6.Theytookthemetrotoseetheiraunt.（写出同义句）They________theiraunt_________________.7.Wemustn’tplayontheroad.(对划线部分提问)What_______you_______________ontheroad?7.keep,desk,tidy,I,must,my,clean,and(.)（连词成句）______________________________________________________七、根据汉语提示，完成句子。1.我怎样才能到达你的房子？canIyourhouse?2.在大街上，我们必须等到绿灯，才能通行。Wethegreenman,thenwecanwalk.3.你可以乘公交车上学。Youcanschool.4.你必须遵守交通规则。Youtraffic.5.今天你必须呆在家里休息，因为你病了。Todayyoumust________athomeand_________________________becauseyou_____________________.6.为了安全地过一条忙碌的街，你可以等在人行道上，当心汽车和自行车。________________the__________________________,youcanwait_________the_________,_________________________carsandbikes.7.遵守规则，在道路上保持安全。_________________________________and________________________ontheroad.8.冰箱里有一些鸡蛋吗？有，但是只有几个。Arethere________________eggsinthe________________?Yes,butjusta________________.八：看图完成补全短文Somechildren_________________ontheroad.Thisisnot__________.Youmustnotplayontheroadbecausetherearemanycarsandbikes._________therulesand_________________ontheroad!八：从方框中选择最佳句子补全对话，并将其序号填在横线上．注意，有两项是多余的

CanyoutellmehowIcangetthere？

B．Wouldyoulikemetohelpyou？

C．It'sveryniceofyou．

D．Howaboutgoingtherewithme？E．TheCityLibraryisonthe8thfloor

F．ButthebusstopisontheXingfuRoad．G．YouneedtotakeBusNo.718．

A：Excuseme，I'mJudy．I'mnewhere．

B：Hi，I'mSam．（1）

______

A：Yes，thanks．Iwanttogotothecitylibrary．（2）

______

B：Sure．Goalongthisroadtotheend，andyou'llseeawhitebuildingonyourleft．（3）

______

A：Isitfarfromhere？

B：Yes，it'saboutfivekilometersawayfromhere．（4）

______

．Itwilltakeyouthere．

A：（5）

______

．Thankyou！

B：Notatall．九、完形填空OurEarthisindangerbecauseofthepollutionandwasting.HowdowehelptosaveourEarth?Letmetellyou.____1___,myfamilytrytosaveelectricity(电).We___2____letthelightsonwhenleavingtherooms.WeturnofftheTV___3___nobodyiswatchingit.Mumonlyusescoldwater____4____clothes.Second,wedorecycling(回收)everyday.Wealways___5___onbothsidesofthepaper,notjustononeside.Weputbottle,paperandfoodintodifferentbags.Third,wetrytosavewater.Wedon’thavebathsshowers(淋浴).Wewashthetoiletwithusedwater.Andweturnoffthetap(水龙头)whenwedon’tuse___6___.

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C.in D.at()9.A.hardest B.harder C.hard D.hardly()10.A.is B.was C.were D.are十、阅读理解AEveryyearmanypeoplegethurtorlosetheirlivesintrafficaccidents.Howcanwekeepsafewhenwearewalkingneartheroads?First,wemustobeythetrafficrules.Wemustcrossthestreetonlywhenweseethegreen“walk”sign.Second,beforewecrosstheroad,wemuststopandlookbothwayslookleft,lookrightandlookleftagain.Third,wemustneverplayonthestreet.Last,it’sgoodtohelpchildrenandoldpeoplecrosstheroad.Allofusshouldbeverycarefulwhenwearewalkingneartraffic.根据短文内容，判断正(A)误(B)。()1.Wemustnotrideskateboards（滑板）onthestreet.()2.It’snotgoodtohelpchildrencrosstheroad.()3.Wemustnotcrosswhenweseethegreen“walk”sign.()4.Wemuststopandlookbothwaysbeforewecrosstheroad.()5.Wecanplayfootballwhenthereisnocaronthestreet.(B)PrimaryschoolchildrenintheUKhavefewchoicesoverwhattheyeatforlunch.Either()theirparentspacktheirlunchbox,ortheychoosefromonlyoneortwooptionsonahotdinnermenu.Butmiddleschoolsletstudentsmaketheirownmealchoicesfreely.Inthepast,thisledtoproblems.A2018surveyaboutschoolmealsinmiddleschoolsinEnglandshowedthatmanyschoolsofferedunhealthymenus.Forexample,onfourorfivedaysoftheweek,76%servedchipsandotherpotatoescookedinoil,while86%servedhighfatmealslikeburgersandchickennuggets.Andwhenofferedsuchdishes,moststudentswerepickingthem.48%chosehighfatmaindishes,48%chosechipsand24%chosecakesormuffinsFruit,fruitjuice,vegetablesandsaladsweretheleastpopularchoices.BInBritain,startinganewtermisalwaysexcitingforschoolchi