蛋鸡产蛋阶段的管理 Management of laying hens

任务15蛋鸡产蛋阶段的管理

Task15ManagementoflayinghensCourseIntroduction

问题1：通过哪些管理措施可以提高产蛋率？Question1:whatmanagementmeasurescanbeadoptedtoimprovetheegglayingrate?一、产蛋期环境管理Environmentalmanagement二、低产、停产鸡的淘汰Eliminationoflowyieldchickens三、产蛋期日常管理Dailymanagement123目录Part01一、产蛋期环境管理

Environmentalmanagement1.温度的管理Temperaturemanagement适宜温度范围：13℃～25℃Suitabletemperaturerange:13℃~25℃最佳温度范围：18℃～23℃Optimumtemperaturerange:18℃~23℃冬季不低于8℃，夏季不超过30℃Notlessthan8℃inwinterandnotmorethan30℃insummer（一）产蛋期环境管理Environmentalmanagement2.湿度的管理Humiditymanagement适宜湿度范围：60%～65%Suitablehumidityrange:60%-65%体感温度对照表Sendibletemperaturecomparisontable舒适报警危险紧急ComfortableurgentDANGER避免高温高湿、低温低湿Avoidhightemperatureandhighhumidity,lowtemperatureandhighhumidity3.通风的管理Ventilationmanagement4.光照的管理Lightmanagement光照时间：16小时Illuminationtime:16hours光照强度：10Lx～20LxLightintensity:10LX~20LX通风量（m3/1000只鸡每小时）Ventilationvolume(m3/1000chickensperhour)（一）产蛋期环境管理EnvironmentalmanagementTEMPWEEKPart02二、低产、停产鸡的淘汰

Eliminationoflowyieldchickens二、低产、停产鸡的淘汰Eliminationoflowyieldchickens产蛋鸡与休产鸡的生理特征区别Thedifferenceofphysiologicalcharacteristicsbetweenlayinghensandnon-layinghens观察部位Observatesite产蛋鸡特征Characteristicsoflayinghens休产鸡特征Characteristicsofnon-layinghens鸡冠和肉髯Cockscombandbeard颜色鲜红，硕大而有弹力Thecolorisbrightred,hugeand暗红无光，萎缩干皱Darkred,dull,atrophic,dryandwrinkled泄殖腔口Ejaculatorycav椭圆形，湿润松弛，颜色粉红Oval,moistandloose,pinkincolor圆形，干燥紧缩，颜色发黄Round,dryandtight,yellowincolor耻骨Pubicbone直而薄，有弹性，间距2-3指Straightandthin,elastic,withaspacingof2-3fingers弯而厚，弹性差，间距1指左右curvedandthick,withpoorelasticity,andthespacingisabout1finger腹abdomen宽大柔软，耻骨与胸骨末端间距3-4指Wideandsoft,withadistanceof3-4fingersbetweentheendofpubicboneandsternum小而硬，耻骨与胸骨间距2-3指Smallandhard,withadistanceof2-3fingersbetweenpubicboneandsternum色素消退Pigmentation肛门、眼圈、耳叶、喙、脚均呈白色Theanus,eyecircles,earleaves,beakandfeetareallwhite肛门、眼圈、耳叶、喙、脚恢复黄色Anus,eyecircles,earleaves,beakandfeetreturntoyellow换羽Moult尚未换羽Notyetmolted 巳经换羽Hasbeenmolted性情Temperament活泼温顺，觅食力强，接受交配Livelyanddocile,strongforagingability,acceptmating呆板胆小，觅食力差，拒绝交配Stiff,timid,poorforagingability,refusingtomate低产鸡高产鸡与低产鸡的外貌区别Appearancedifferencebetweenhigh-yieldchickenandlow-yieldchicken二、低产、停产鸡的淘汰Eliminationoflowyieldchickens观察部位Observatesite高产鸡特征Characteristicsofhigh-yieldchicken低产鸡特征Characteristicsoflowyieldingchicken头head较细致，皮薄毛少无皱褶Itisfine,withthinskinandlesshair,较粗糙，乌鸦头Rough,crowhead喙beak短粗，稍弯曲Short,slightlycurved细长而直Slenderandstraight胸chest宽深，胸肌发达，胸骨直而长Wideanddeep,chestmusclesdeveloped,sternumstraightandlong窄浅，胸骨弯或短Narrowandshallow,sternumcurvedorshort背Back宽平Wideandflat窄短或驼背Narrowshortorhunchback脚foot结实稍短，两脚间距宽，爪短而钝Strongandslightlyshort,withwidespacingbetweenfeet,andshortandbluntclaws细长，两脚间距窄，爪长而锐Slender,narrowdistancebetweenfeet,longandsharpclaws羽毛Feather产蛋后期干污，残缺不全Dryanddirtyatthelaterstageoflaying,incomplete产蛋后期仍光亮整齐Ibrightandtidyatthelatestageoflaying肥度Fertility适中moderate 过肥或过瘦ToofatortoothinPart03三、产蛋鸡的日常管理

Dailymanagement三、产蛋鸡的日常管理Dailymanagement1.定时喂料、供足饮水，每天喂料以2～3次为宜。Layinghenswithregularfeedingandsufficientdrinkingwater.Itisappropriatetofeed2~3timesaday.2.减少饲料浪费Reducefeedwaste严把饲料原料质量Strictlycontrolthequalityoffeedrawmaterials采用全价配合饲料Adoptfullpriceformulafeed注意饲料的粒度Payattentiontothegranularityoffeed按需给料Ondemandfeeding正确添加饲料Addfeedcorrectly保管好饲料Keepthefeedwell3.注意观察鸡群Payattentiontothechickens（1）精神状态Mentalstate（2）采食饮水情况Intakeanddrinkingwater（3）鸡舍环境houseenvironment（4）粪便情况Fecalcondition（5）产蛋情况Eggproduction（6）啄癖行为

peckingproclivity三、产蛋鸡的日常管理Dailymanagement控制开产日龄Controltheageofproductionstartdate控制开产母鸡体重Controltheweightoflayinghens控制日粮中亚油酸含量Controllinoleicacidcontentindiet控制日粮中能量水平Controltheenergylevelinthediet控制日粮中蛋白质水平Controltheproteinlevelinthediet蛋重标准Eggweightstandard4.蛋重大小控制Eggweightcontrol三、产蛋鸡的日常管理Dailymanagement周龄week平均蛋重及最经济蛋重范围

Averageeggweightandthemosteconomicaleggweightrange20(134-140day)51.2(50.2—52.2)g30(204-210day)60.9(59.7—62.1)g40(274-280day)62.3(61.1—63.5)g50(344-350day)63.4(62.1—64.7)g60(414-420day)63.7(62.4—65.0)g70(484-490day)64.2(62.9—65.5)g72(498-504day)64.3(63.0—65