2024届高考英语复习 定语从句关系词的用法（有答案）

定语从句关系词的用法定语从句是英语中的一种复杂句型，它用来修饰名词或代词，通常跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。定语从句中的关联词，即关系词，是连接先行词和定语从句的桥梁，它们在从句中担任一定的句子成分，并指代先行词。关系词包括关系代词和关系副词。关系代词的用法：1.that：可以指代人或物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。当先行词是不定代词（如all,something,nothing等）或者先行词前有最高级形容词时，通常使用that。2.which：指代先行词是物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。当先行词是事物时，或者先行词是人，但是从句缺少主语或宾语时，通常使用which。3.who：指代先行词是人，在从句中作主语或宾语。当先行词是人时，通常使用who。4.whom：指代先行词是人，在从句中作宾语。当先行词是人，且在从句中作宾语时，使用whom。5.whose：表示所属关系，指代先行词可以是人或物，在从句中作定语。当先行词表示所有格时，使用whose。关系副词的用法：1.where：指代地点，相当于"inwhich"或"atwhich"，在从句中作地点状语。2.when：指代时间，相当于"atwhich"或"onwhich"，在从句中作时间状语。3.why：指代原因，相当于"forwhich"，在从句中作原因状语。定语从句的注意事项：-当先行词是人时，通常使用who或whom；当先行词是物时，通常使用which或that。-如果先行词是人，并且在从句中作宾语，那么应该使用whom。-如果先行词是人或物，并且在从句中表示所属关系，那么应该使用whose。-当先行词是all,something,anything,nothing,everything等不定代词时，通常使用that。-当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时，通常使用that。-当先行词是theonly,thevery等词修饰时，通常使用that。-当先行词是thesame,such等词修饰时，通常使用as。练习题：1.Theman________(1)Isawintheparkismyuncle.2.Thebook________(2)yougavemeisveryinteresting.3.Thehouse________(3)windowsarebrokenwillberepairednextweek.4.Thisisthereason________(4)herefusedtheoffer.5.Thegirl________(5)motherisadoctorworksatmyschool.6.Istillremembertheday________(6)wegraduatedfromcollege.7.Sheistheonlyperson________(7)Iknowwhocanplaytheviolin.8.Theoffice________(8)heworksisinthecitycenter.9.Thehotel________(9)westayedduringourvacationwaswonderful.10.Thereason________(10)hewaslateisthathemissedthetrain.11.Theboy________(11)bicyclewasstolencriedallmorning.12.Theteacher________(12)classyouattendedwonanawardlastyear.13.Thebuilding________(13)roofisredisalibrary.14.Thewoman________(14)youweretalkingtoismyaunt.15.Thesong________(15)shesangatthepartywasverybeautiful.16.Thetime________(16)theconcertwillstartis8PM.17.Thereason________(17)hewasabsentishisillness.18.Theroom________(18)themeetingwasheldisverylarge.19.Theboy________(19)fatherisapilotissittingnexttome.20.Therestaurant________(20)wehaddinnerlastnightwasexpensive.21.Thecar________(21)shedrivesisveryold.22.Theteam________(22)theyplayiswellknown.23.Thecity________(23)welivehasapopulationof5million.24.Theperson________(24)youmetatthepartyismycolleague.25.Thetrain________(25)wetraveledarrivedontime.26.Thehouse________(26)weboughtlastyearisverycomfortable.27.Thebook________(27)Ireadlastnightwasveryexciting.28.Thecompany________(28)heworksisbasedinNewYork.29.Themovie________(29)sheactedwasagreatsuccess.30.Thereason________(30)heretiredearlywashishealthproblems.答案：1.who/that2.which/that3.whose4.why/that5.whose6.when/that7.whom/that8.where/that9.which/that10.why/that11.whose12.who/that13.which/that14.whom/that15.which/that16.when/that17.why/that18.where/that19.whose20.which/that