适用于新高考新教材备战2025届高考英语一轮总复习高考题型组合练Unit1Natureinthebalance1课件牛津译林版必修第三册

Unit1

Natureinthebalance(1)ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅠ.阅读理解ABrianTracyisaveryfamousCanadian-bornmotivationalspeaker,anditissafeenoughtosaythatheisoneofthebestonesoutthere.Brianisexcellentinthefieldsofpublicspeaking,leadershipandsuccesspsychology.However,itdidnotbeginforBrianlikethat,ashewasthetroublemakerofthefamily.ⅠⅡⅢⅣThingshavedefinitelychangedforhim,asheoncestruggledtopaytheutility(公用事业)bills.BrianisthePresidentandCEOofthreemulti-milliondollarcompaniesbasedintheUnitedStates.Heisfluentinmorethanfourlanguagesandhasonemainmessageforeveryoneoutthere,“Ibelievethroughlearningandtheapplicationofwhatyouhavelearned,youcansolveanyproblem,overcomeanybarrierandachieveanygoalthatyousetforyourself.”ⅠⅡⅢⅣBrianTraywasborninCanadain1944andraisedintheUnitedStates.

Hisearlychildhoodwasspentinavarietyoflocations,includingIllinois,

Wisconsin,Minnesota,andCalifornia.Hisfamilymovedfrequentlyandhewasofteninanewschool.Tracy’sparents’marriageendedwhenhewassevenyearsold,andheandhissiblingshadtolivewiththetwodifferenthouseholds.

Withhisfathermostlyabsent,Tracyandhissiblingswerelargelyraisedbyhismother.ⅠⅡⅢⅣHismotherwasahard-workingsingleparentwhohelddownthreejobstosupportthefamily.Tracywasoftenlefttohisowndevices,whichincludedalotofreading.Hereadawidevarietyofbooks,includingbiographiesandbooksonsuccessandpersonaldevelopment.Hisreadinggavehimaneducationthatwasfarbeyondhisyears.Healsostudiedmusicandplayedsports.ⅠⅡⅢⅣAlthoughhischildhoodwasdifficultandhiscircumstancesweresometimesdifficult,Tracy’sstrongspiritanddeterminationeventuallyledtosuccess.Hisearlychildhoodexperienceshelpedshapehisbeliefsandvalues,

andheappliedthemtohislaterlifeandcareer.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了著名的演说家布莱恩·特雷西的成长经历。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ1.WhatdidTracydofrequentlybeforebecomingfamous?A.Hedeliveredspeechesinpublic.B.Helearntfromexcellentleaders.C.Heturnedtopsychologistsforhelp.D.Hemadetroubleforhisfamily.√细节理解题。根据第一段可知,在Tracy成名之前,他是这个家庭的麻烦制造者。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ2.WhatisthesecretofmasteringforeignlanguagesaccordingtoTracy?A.Learninginordertopractise.B.Payingattentiontopronunciation.C.Settingalong-termgoal.D.Acquiringadequatevocabulary.√细节理解题。根据第二段中“He

is

fluent

in

more

than

four

languages

and

has

one

main

message

for

everyone

out

there,‘I

believe

through

learning

and

the

application

of

what

you

have

learned,you

can

solve

any

problem,overcome

any

barrier

and

achieve

any

goal

that

you

set

for

yourself.’”可知,在Tracy看来,通过学习和应用所学知识,可以解决任何问题,克服任何障碍并实现为自己设定的任何目标。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“siblings”meaninparagraph3?A.Classmatesorfriends.B.Brothersorsisters.C.Unclesoraunts.D.Neighborsorrelatives.√词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句前半部分“Tracy’s

parents’

marriage

ended

when

he

was

seven

years

old”及“had

to

live

with

the

two

different

households”

“With

his

father

mostly

absent,Tracy

and

his

siblings

were

largely

raised

by

his

mother.”可知,因为Tracy的父母离异,父亲大部分时间不在家,致使Tracy多数时间是由妈妈抚养,因而他和他的兄弟姐妹就住在母亲的家庭中。所以画线词此处指“兄弟或姐妹”。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ4.WhatisthemostbeneficialtoTracy’sdevelopment?A.Thegoodeducation.B.Thewidereading.C.Themother’ssupport.D.Thetoughchildhood.√细节理解题。根据最后一段的“His

early

childhood

experiences

helped

shape

his

beliefs

and

values,and

he

applied

them

to

his

later

life

and

career.”可知,对Tracy的成长而言,他的早期童年经历帮助塑造了他的信仰和价值观,并将它们应用到他后来的生活和职业生涯中。ⅠⅡⅢⅣBKenyahasbeenattheforefront(前沿)oftheglobalwaronplasticsincethegovernmentbannedsingle-useplasticsinprotectedareasinJune2020.Unfortunately,thepreventivemeasureshavebarelyreceivedattention.Hundredsoftonsofindustrialandconsumerpolymerwastecontinuetogetdumpedintolandfillsdaily.However,if29-year-oldNzambiMateehasherway,theunsightlyplasticheapswillsoonbetransformedintocolorfulbricks.

ⅠⅡⅢⅣThematerialsengineer’sseekingtofindapracticalsolutiontocontrolplasticpollutionbeganin2017.Shequitherjobandsetupasmalllabinhermother’sbackyard.Ittookherninemonthstoproducethefirstbrickandevenlongertoconvinceapartnertohelpbuildthemachinerytomakethem.Butthedeterminedeco-entrepreneurwasconfidentinherideaanddidnotgiveup.Shesays,“Iwantedtousemyeducationtohandleplasticwastepollution.ButIwasveryclearthatthesolutionhadtobepractical,sustainable,andaffordable.Thebestwaytodothiswasbychannelingthewasteintotheconstructionspaceandfindingthemostefficientandaffordablematerialtobuildhomes.”Hercompanyproducesover1,500bricksaday.Thepaversaremadeusingamixofplasticproductsthatcannotbereprocessedorrecycled.ⅠⅡⅢⅣThecollectedplasticismixedwithsand,heatedatveryhightemperatures,andcompressed(压缩)intobricksthatvaryincolorandthickness.Theresultingproductisstronger,lighter,andabout30percentcheaperthanconcretebricks.Moreimportantly,ithelpsrepurposethelowestqualityofplastic.“Thereisthatwastetheycannotprocessanymore;theycannotrecycle.Thatiswhatweget,”Mateesays.Mateeisnotnearlydone.Herdreamistoreducethemountainoftrashtojustahillbyincreasingproductionandexpandingherofferings.Shesays,“Themorewerecycletheplastic,themoreweproduceaffordablehousing,themorewecreatedmoreemploymentfortheyouth.”ⅠⅡⅢⅣMateeisnotnearlydone.Herdreamistoreducethemountainoftrashtojustahillbyincreasingproductionandexpandingherofferings.Shesays,“Themorewerecycletheplastic,themoreweproduceaffordablehousing,themorewecreatedmoreemploymentfortheyouth.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了材料工程师Nzambi

Matee通过自己的努力,创造性地解决塑料垃圾污染的问题。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ5.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph1imply?A.Matee’smethodcanbeeffectiveifadopted.B.Matee’sideahasbeenwidelyaccepted.C.Colorfulbricksareinhugedemand.D.Plasticwastehasn’tattractedenoughattention.√ⅠⅡⅢⅣ词义猜测题。根据画线句子前的However可知,该句话的意思与画线句子前的内容为转折关系,根据画线句子前的“Unfortunately,the

preventive

measures

have

barely

received

attention.Hundreds

of

tons

of

industrial

and

consumer

polymer

waste

continue

to

get

dumped

into

landfills

daily.”可知,政府的一些治理塑料污染的预防措施几乎没有取得实质的效果,大量的垃圾仍然被倒进垃圾填埋场,由此可知,画线句子的意思与此相反,应为“如果Matee的方法被采用可能会有效”。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeNzambiMatee?A.Generousandambitious.B.Confidentandgrateful.C.Creativeandresolved.D.Optimisticandmodest.√ⅠⅡⅢⅣ推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But

the

determined

eco-entrepreneur

was

confident

in

her

idea

and

did

not

give

up.”可知Matee对自己的想法绝不会放弃,说明她很有决心;根据第三段中的“The

best

way

to

do

this

was

by

channeling

the

waste

into

the

construction

space

and

finding

the

most

efficient

and

affordable

material

to

build

homes.”可知,她认为最好的方法是将废物引入建筑空间,这种想法很有创造性。由以上内容可知,Matee是一个有创造性且有决心的人。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ7.WhatisNzambiMatee’sultimatepurposeinusingamixofplasticproducts?A.Tobuildcheaperhouses.B.Tosupportthegovernment.C.Tocreatejobopportunities.D.Totackleplasticpollution.√细节理解题。根据第三段“She

says,‘I

wanted

to

use

my

education

to

handle

plastic

waste

pollution...The

pavers

are

made

using

a

mix

of

plastic

products

that

cannot

be

reprocessed

or

recycled.”可知,将塑料产品的混合物做成铺路砖最终目的是解决塑料污染问题。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ8.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Kenya:PioneerinBanningPlasticSingle-usePlasticsB.NzambiMatee:InnovatorinSolvingPlasticWasteC.MixofPlasticProducts:ANewConstructionMaterialD.PlasticRecycling:ACreativeSolutiontoPollution√ⅠⅡⅢⅣ主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“The

materials

engineer’s

seeking

to

find

a

practical

solution

to

control

plastic

pollution

began

in

2017.”可知,材料工程师Nzambi

Matee寻求实用的方法来解决塑料垃圾污染问题,以及第三段中的“She

says,‘I

wanted

to

use...affordable

material

to

build

homes.’”可知,她认为解决问题的方法必须是实用、持续以及可负担的,她提出了将塑料垃圾转换到建筑空间之中的想法,并结合全文可知,标题“Nzambi

Matee:解决塑料垃圾污染问题的创新者”符合文章主题。ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅡ.七选五It’salwaysexcitingtobeginanewjob.Butamongthefrenzy(激动)ofmeetingnewcolleagues,startingnewprojects,andbuildingnewskills,therecanbeastressfulpressuretosucceed.Abigpartofyoursuccessisdeterminedbyhowquicklyyouareabletodigestlotsofinformation,whichcanbeveryhard.

1

*ManageyourselfWhenyounoticeinformationoverload,don’tignoreitanddon’tpanic.Saytoyourself,“I’minanewjobandthereisplentytolearnhere.It’sokaytofeelthisway.”

2

Rememberthatemotionscanhelpyoubetterunderstandyourselfandyourvalues.

ⅠⅡⅢⅣ*Sortyourinformation3

Itkeepswhatitneedsmoreimmediatelyinourshort-termmemory,anditmixestogetherinformationwemayneedtouseinthefuturetostoreinourlong-termmemory.Fortheinformationthat’snotneeded,ourbrainactslikeagarbagemanagement,recycling,anddeletingit.

*

4

Organizationsoftenhavedigitalknowledgemanagementsystemstostoreandtakeimportantinformation.Youcandothesametoreducebrainburden.IrecommendcreatingaWorddocumentinwhichyouwritedowninformationthatyourbraindoesn’tneedtorememberorstore.ⅠⅡⅢⅣ*Reducetask-switchingMultitaskingisn’tgoodforyouphysicallyormentallyandisworseforyourproductivityandcognition(认知).

5

Youcangoforlongerthanthat,butbesuretotakeabreak.Focusedactivityislesstaxingthanmultitasking,butyoucan’tkeepworkingendlessly.

ⅠⅡⅢⅣA.RespondpositivelyB.UsetechnologytohelpC.Thatproblemismucheasiertounderstandandsolve.D.Herearesomemethodstodealwiththeinformationoverload.E.Forgreaterresults,focusononetaskforaround25minutes.F.Ourbrainislikeacleverpieceofequipmentthat“takesininformation”.G.Thisself-talkhelpsnormalizethesituationandmakestheemotionseasiertohandle.ⅠⅡⅢⅣ【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文,作者针对新工作带来的过多信息,给出了四点建议。1.D

设空处上文介绍了新工作所带来的压力和挑战——消化过多的信息;下文作者就如何处理大量信息提出四点建议;D项“Here

are

some

methods

to

deal

with

the

information

overload.”承上启下,符合语境,选项中的“the

information

overload”指代上文的“lots

of

information”,“some

methods”指下文所给出的具体的解决方法。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ2.G

由小标题“Manage

yourself”可知本段的建议是管理好自己;上文“When

you

notice

information

overload...It’s

okay

to

feel

this

way.”介绍了面对大量信息时,如何调整自己的心态和情绪;G项“This

self-talk

helps

normalize

the

situation

and

makes

the

emotions

easier

to

handle.”承接上文,说明自我对话所起到的作用。选项中的“This

self-talk”指代上文“Say

to

yourself,‘I’m

in

a

new

job

and

there

is

plenty

to

learn

here.It’s

okay

to

feel

this

way.’”;下文“Remember

that

emotions

can

help

you

better

understand

yourself

and

your

values.”阐述了管理好情绪的重要性;由此可知,G项符合本段主旨和语境。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ3.F

由下文“It

keeps

what

it

needs

more

immediately...store

in

our

long-term

memory.”可知句中“It”指代设空处所提到的某种存储信息的东西;结合本段最后一句“For

the

information

that’s

not

needed,our

brain

acts

like

a

garbage

management,recycling,and

deleting

it.”可知设空处提到是大脑。F项“Our

brain

is

like

a

clever

piece

of

equipment

that‘takes

in

information’.”符合语境,选项中的“takes

in”与下文中的“keeps”和“store”表达的意义一致。4.B

分析文章结构可知,设空处为此段的小标题;由下文内容可知作者在本段建议运用Word文档来帮大脑减负;B项“Use

technology

to

help”能够概括本段主旨,适合作为小标题。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ5.E

上文“Multitasking

isn’t

good

for

you

physically

or

mentally

and

is

worse

for

your

productivity

and

cognition.”阐述了同时处理多项任务的弊端;E项“For

greater

results,focus

on

one

task

for

around

25

minutes.”针对上文所阐述的同时处理多任务的弊端提出了解决方法:专注于一项任务;下文承接E项,就专注于一项活动的时间进一步阐述,指出专注于一项工作时,时间不能太长,要注意休息。故选E项。ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅢ.语法填空Toexhibitone’sworkattheSmithsonianInstitutioninWashingtonD.C.wouldbeahighpointinanyartist’scareer;toreceivesuchanhonorattheageoffourteenis1.

(true)remarkable.YetthatwastheageoftheChinesepainterWangYaniwhenherpaintings2.

(give)theirfirstAmericanshowingtherein1989.Hundredsofthousandsofvisitorscameandwerefascinatedbyherpicturesofanimals,birds,andlandscapes.

trulywere

givenⅠⅡⅢⅣIffourteenseemsayoungage3.

(receive)somuchattention,considerthis:Yani’sfirst4.

(exhibit),inhernativeChina,washeldwhenshewasfour!Shehasbeenworkinghardatherartsincetheageoftwo;thatwas5.

WangShiqiangfirstbecameawareofhisdaughter’sinterestinpainting.Himself6.

well-knownartist,heencouragedYanibyprovidingherwithlargesheetsofpaper,ink,andbrushes.ThesearethetraditionalmaterialsofChinesepainting.Henevergaveheralesson7.

discouragedherteachersatschoolfromdoingso.Hebelievedsuchinstructionwouldonlylimitherimaginationandpreventherfromexpressingherfeelingsfreely.Beforelong,hisbelief8.____________hisdaughter’stalentwasjustified.

to

receiveexhibitionwhenaandinⅠⅡⅢⅣAsshegrewolder,herstyleevolvedandsubjectschanged.Bythetimeshewassixteen,Yani9.

(paint)morethantenthousandpictures.Today,asanadult,sheisstillpainting,10.

(express)newideasinnatureandinthechangingworldaroundherwiththebrushandtheink.

had

paintedexpressingⅠⅡⅢⅣ【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了中国著名画家王亚妮的个人成就以及学习绘画的历程。1.truly

考查词性转换。句意:在华盛顿特区的史密森学会展出自己的作品将是任何艺术家职业生涯的高点;十四岁就获得这样的荣誉,真是了不起。修饰形容词用副词形式。故填truly。2.were

given

考查动词的时态和语态。这里为从句的谓语动词,根据主句时态可知,从句为一般过去时;主语her

paintings为复数,和动词give之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。故填were

given。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ3.to

receive

考查非谓语动词。句意:如果14岁就受到如此多的关注让人感觉是个很小的年龄,想想这个:亚妮在她的祖国中国的第一次展览是在她四岁的时候举行的!