中考英语人教版语法专项复习 专题十一 句子的种类

中考英语人教版专项复习专题十一句子的种类目录01.解析02.模拟考题01解析图解语法考点1

陈述句肯定句<ib>主语</ib>+<ib>谓语</ib>（+<ib>其他</ib>）We

go

to

school

every

day.

我们每天去上学。否定句1.当陈述句的谓语动词为be动词、助动词或情态动词时，其后直接加not即可构成否定句。如：She

is

not

a

doctor.

她不是一名医生。2.当陈述句的谓语动词为实义动词时，需要借助助动词do/does/did,

have/has/had等来构成否定句。如：She

didn't

come

to

school

yesterday.

她昨天没来上学。【注意】除not外，其他否定词或短语也可构成否定句。never从不hardly几乎不，几乎没有seldom很少little/few几乎没有not...at

all一点儿也不not...any

more/longer不再nothing没有任何东西none

of没有一个too...to...太……而不能……考点2

疑问句一般疑问句

需用Yes或No回答的疑问句叫作一般疑问句。1.<ib>be动词</ib>+<ib>主语</ib>+<ib>表语</ib>Is

she

a

painter?

她是一名画家吗？2.<ib>助动词</ib>+<ib>主语</ib>+<ib>谓语</ib>+<ib>其他</ib>Do

you

like

swimming

in

summer?

你夏天喜欢游泳吗？3.<ib>情态动词</ib>+<ib>主语</ib>+<ib>谓语</ib>+<ib>其他</ib>May

I

open

the

window？我可以打开窗户吗？

对一般疑问句作肯定回答时，常用"Yes,

主语+be动词/助动词/情态动词."；作否定回答时，常用"No,

主语+be动词/助动词/情态动词+not."。特殊疑问句

由特殊疑问词引导的疑问句叫作特殊疑问句，不可用Yes或No回答。特殊疑问词包括疑问代词、疑问副词和疑问词组。1.特殊疑问词的用法疑问代词what［2015.31］①对事物或抽象概念等提问What

makes

you

so

happy？何事让你如此开心？②询问职业或身份What's

your

dad？

你父亲是做什么的？who询问身份Who

is

the

boy？那个男孩是谁？which询问哪一个Which

do

you

like？你喜欢哪一个？疑问副词when询问时间When

is

her

birthday？她的生日是什么时候？where询问地点Where

are

you

going？

你要去哪里？why［2022.43］询问原因How

did

you

fix

it？你是怎么把它修好的？how①询问方式How

is

your

aunt？

你阿姨怎么样了？②询问情况续表2.how词组的用法词组含义用法

how

often

［2019.40］多久一次对"频率"进行提问how

soon多久以后询问某个动作要多长时间发生或结束how

long多长询问物体的长度多久询问一段时间how

many多少询问可数名词的数量how

much多少询问不可数名词的数量询问价格how

far多远询问距离选择疑问句1.一般选择疑问句<ib>一般疑问句</ib>+<ib>or</ib>+<ib>被选择部分</ib>Is

he

a

worker

or

a

doctor？他是一名工人还是一名医生？2.特殊选择疑问句<ib>特殊疑问句，</ib>+<ib>A</ib>+<ib>or</ib>+<ib>B</ib>Which

do

you

prefer,

milk

or

coffee?

牛奶和咖啡，你更喜欢哪一个？考点3

祈使句

祈使句表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等，主语通常被省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用句号或感叹号。肯定祈使句1.<ib>（Please）+动词原形+其他</ib>Listen

to

English

songs

when

you

are

free.

你有空的时候听听英文歌曲。2.<ib>Let+第一、三人称的宾格/名词+动词原形+其他</ib>Let

the

students

come

in!让学生们进来吧!3.<ib>Be+表语</ib>Be

quiet!安静！否定祈使句1.<ib>Don't+动词原形+其他</ib>Don't

leave

the

tap

running.

别把水龙头开着白白流水。2.<ib>Let's+not+动词原形+其他</ib>Let's

not

waste

time.

我们不要浪费时间。3.<ib>No+名词/动名词</ib>No

parking！禁止停车！祈使句的应答语1.Let's开头的祈使句，其答语常用"Good

idea./OK."等。如:—Let's

go

to

the

library

to

borrow

some

books.我们去图书馆借一些书吧。—Good

idea.好主意。2.其他肯定祈使句的应答语常用"Yes./OK./Thanks,

I

will."等,否定祈使句的应答语常用"Sorry/No,

I

won't

（do

it

again）."等。如：—Remember

to

take

an

umbrella

with

you.记得带把伞。—Thanks,

I

will.谢谢，我会的。考点4

感叹句

感叹句用来表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情，通常由what或how引导，句末用感叹号。How引导的感叹句1.How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!用法示例：●How

beautiful

the

flowers

are!●How

fast

the

man

runs!2.How

+

主语

+

谓语!用法示例：How

time

flies!What引导的感叹句1.What

+

a/an

+

形容词

+

可数名词单数形式（+

主语

+

谓语）!如：●What

a

beautiful

skirt!●What

an

interesting

book

（it

is）!2.What

+

形容词

+

可数名词复数或不可数名词（+

主语

+

谓语）!如：●What

beautiful

pictures

they

are!●What

cold

weather!语境小测1.[2023福建中考改编]

—___

is

it

from

our

home

to

the

museum,

Dad?—It's

about

two

kilometers.AA.How

far

B.How

often

C.How

soon

D.How

much2.[2023乐山中考改编]

—___

do

you

go

swimming,

Sam?—Every

Sunday

afternoon.AA.How

often

B.How

soon

C.How

long

D.How

far3.—Tony,

___are

you

in

such

a

hurry?—The

meeting

will

start

soon.

I

don't

want

to

be

late.DA.where

B.how

C.when

D.why4.—___

silent,

please!

You

are

in

the

library.—I'm

sorry,

madam.AA.Keep

B.To

keep

C.Keeping

D.Kept5.—China

won

all

the

gold

medals

at

the

2023

ITTF

World

Table

Tennis

Championships

Finals.—___

exciting

news!DA.What

a

B.How

a

C.How

D.What6.—Have

you

watched

Wang

Yaping's

science

lecture

（讲座）

from

China's

space

station?—Yes.

___

interesting

it

is!AA.How

B.How

a

C.What

D.What

a7.—Sam,

___

run

in

the

hallways.

It's

very

dangerous.—Sorry,

Ms.

Black.BA.do

B.don't

C.not

D.doesn't8.—Tell

me,

Grandma.

___

is

your

favourite

person

in

the

whole

wide

world?—That's

easy!

It's

you!BA.What

B.Who

C.How

D.Whom语篇提升

阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。make

how

do

can

have

use

be

what

1.______

can

we

show

our

love

to

our

family

and

friends?

In

fact,

people

give

love

in

different

ways.

Each

way

2._____

be

called

a

"love

language".

Here

are

some

love

languages.Howcan

First,

offer

praise.

This

kind

of

language

3._____

words

to

show

love.

Praise

means

attention

and

care.

"4._______

a

good

job

you

have

done!"

"These

shoes

look

nice

on

you."...

Such

praise

will

5.______

others

pleased.

Second,

give

gifts.

A

gift

means

"I

care

about

you."

The

gift

6.______

not

have

to

be

expensive.

Perhaps

a

piece

of

chocolate

is

OK.

Third,

spend

time

together.

7.______

a

relaxing

time

and

do

things

we

all

enjoy.

Don't

8.____

busy

all

the

time.

Have

a

picnic

with

the

family.

Or

visit

grandparents

to

talk

to

them.usesWhatmakedoesHavebe02模拟考题单项填空1.—___

do

you

play

volleyball,

Amy?—Three

times

a

week.CA.How

long

B.How

soon

C.How

often

D.How

much2.—___

is

China's

Tiangong

space

station

from

us?—About

400

kilometers

above

the

earth.CA.How

much

B.How

often

C.How

far

D.How

long3.[2023连云港中考]

—___

have

you

been

a

member

of

the

Youth