中考英语总复习-语法专项复习-语法九-动词及动词短语市赛课公开课一等奖省名师获奖课件

安徽语法九动词及动词短语1/642/64考点一常见易混动词辨析1．spend/pay/cost/take表示“花费”spend主语是人，指花费时间和金钱。spend...on...;spend...(in)doingsth.pay主语是人，指花费金钱。pay...for...＝spend...oncost主语是物或某种活动，指花费金钱或其它代价。sth.cost(s)(sb.)．..take多用it作形式主语，指花费时间。Ittakessb....todosth.＝Sb.spend(s)...(in)doingsth.3/64Momneverspendsanymoneyonherself.妈妈从来都不在自己身上花钱。MayIborrow12yuanfromyou?I'llpayitbacknextweek.你能借给我12块钱吗？我下周还你。Itwon'tcostyouapennyforthefirstsixmonths.开始六个月你不用花一分钱。Ittookthemthreeyearstobuildthisroad.他们用三年时间修完了这条路。4/642．look/watch/see/read表示“看”look看(动作)；可单独成句；lookat...watch看(电视、比赛)；注视see看见(结果)；探望；了解(Isee.)read看(书、报)；读；读懂他人内心5/64★look能够表示“看上去”，是感官系动词，后接形容词。★看病(看医生)用seeadoctor表示。6/643．speak/say/talk/tell表示“说”speak讲话；说(某种语言)say说(内容)；写有talk谈论；talkaboutsth.;talkto/withsb.tell告诉；讲述；tellsb.(not)todosth.7/644.感官系动词look/taste/sound/feel/smelllook看起来(视觉)taste尝起来(味觉)sound听起来(听觉)feel摸起来(触觉)smell闻起来(嗅觉)8/645.borrow/lend/keep表示“借”borrow借用；borrowsth.fromsb.lend借给；lendsth.tosb.keep借用若干时间；keep...for2days9/646.hope/wish/expecthope希望；hopetotosth.;hope＋that从句wish希望、希望；wishtodosth.;wishsb.todosth.;wish＋that从句expect期待、期望；

expecttodosth.;expectsb.todosth.10/647.forget/leaveforget表示“忘记”时，forget通常不能与表示地点副词或短语连用leave在表示“遗忘”时，通常要与表示地点状语连用11/648.hear/listen/soundhear听见；hear＋名词(强调听结果)listen听；listento＋名词(强调听过程)sound听起来；sound＋形容词(强调听效果)12/649.wear/puton/dress/beinwear“穿着；戴着”，强调状态，wear后可接穿戴东西，包含眼镜、首饰等puton“穿上；戴上”，指“穿”动作，反义词为“takeoff”dress“穿衣”，是及物动词，后接人作宾语，意为“给某人穿衣服”；dressonself“打扮；给自己穿衣服”bein表示状态，后接衣服，也可接表颜色词13/6410.reach/get/arrivereach“抵达”，是及物动词(比get更正式)，其后可直接接地点名词作宾语(不能用介词)get“抵达”，不及物动词，之后通常接介词toarrive“抵达”，不及物动词，之后通常接介词at(普通用于较小地方)或in(普通用于较大地方)14/641．(·广东普宁模拟)Idon'tknowtherestaurant,butit's

tobequiteagoodone.A．said B．told C．spoken D．talked15/642．(·广西贵港港南二模)—Howmuchmoneydidhe

youyesterday?—500yuan.ItoldhimIwouldreturnittohiminthreeweeks.A．give B．borrow C．lend D．make16/643．(·山东东营广饶模拟)IreallyenjoythefreshfishsoupinLanhaiInternationalHotel.It

delicious.A．feels B．sounds C．smells D．tastes17/644．(·甘肃定西中考改编)—Ican'tfindmyEnglishtextbook.—Isitpossiblethatyou

itathome?A．lost B．saw C．left D．forgot18/64考点二动词短语辨析常考动词短语辨析有三种：第一个是同一动词不一样搭配；第二种是同一副词或介词与不一样动词搭配；第三种是完全不一样动词短语。19/641．同一动词不一样搭配(1)look短语lookafter照料；照料 lookat看lookfor寻找；寻求 lookforwardto期望；期待lookout注意；当心；向外看lookthrough快速查看；浏览lookup(在词典、参考书中或经过电脑)查阅；抬头看lookupto钦佩；仰慕20/64(2)cut短语cutdown砍倒 cutoff切除cutout删除；删去 cutup切碎(3)run短语runafter追逐；追赶 runaway跑开runout(of)用尽；耗尽21/64(4)turn短语turndown调低 turnup调高turn...into变成turnon接通(电流、煤气、水等)；打开turnoff关掉 turnleft/right向左/右转22/64(5)take短语takeafter(外貌或行为)像 takecareof照料；处理takedown拆除；往下拽；统计takein吸入；吞入(体内)takeoff脱下；起飞takeplace发生；出现takeup(尤指为消遣)学着做；开始做23/64(6)get短语getdressed穿上衣服 getinto陷入；参加getlost迷路getoff下车geton上车getonwith与……相处 getup起床；站起24/64(7)use短语be/getusedto习惯于beusedtodo被用来做……usedto曾经……；过去……25/64(8)give短语giveaway赠予；捐赠 giveout分发；散发giveup放弃 givein屈服giveoff发出(光、气味等)；长出(枝、杈等)26/64(9)call短语call(sb.)back(给某人)回电话callin召来；叫来callup打电话给(某人)；征召27/64(10)come短语cometrue实现；成为现实comeupwith想出；提出(主意、计划、回答等)28/64(11)bring短语bringback恢复；使想起；偿还bringout使显现；使表现出bringup养育；抚养29/64(12)fall短语fallasleep进入梦乡；睡着falldown突然倒下；跌倒；坍毁fallinlovewith爱上；喜欢上fallover绊倒30/64(13)go短语goalong(thestreet)沿着(这条街)走gooff(闹钟)发出响声 goout外出(娱乐)31/64(14)make短语makesure确保；查明makeup编造(故事、谎言等)

makeadecision做决定makefunof取笑 makeuseof利用32/64(15)put短语puton增加(体重)；发胖 putoff推迟putup搭建；举起；张贴 putaway收拾(整理)好putsth.togooduse好好利用某物putout熄灭(16)set短语setout出发；启程setup建起；建立33/642．同一副词或介词与不一样动词搭配(1)up短语cheerup(使)变得更高兴；振奋起来cleanup清扫(或去除)洁净dressup装扮；乔装打扮endup最终成为；最终处于34/64fixup修理；装饰 growup长大；成熟hurryup赶快；急忙 pickup捡起；接电话showup赶到；露面 stayup熬夜wakeup醒；叫醒35/64(2)out短语blowout吹灭 checkout察看；观察clearout清理；丢掉 findout查明；搞清handout分发hangout闲逛；常去某处layout摆开；布置leaveout不包含；不提及；忽略sellout卖光workout成功地发展；处理36/64(3)down短语diedown逐步变弱；逐步消失let...down使失望 liedown躺下pull...down拆下；摧毁 lookdown瞧不起writedown写下；统计下37/64(4)with短语agreewith同意；赞成compare...with比较；对比connect...with...把……和……连接或联络起来dealwith应付；处理sharewith分享partwith放弃、交出(尤指不舍得东西)38/643．完全不一样动词词组askfor请求；哀求(给予)carefor照料；非常喜欢believein信任；信赖 careabout关心；在意clean...off把……擦掉dependon依靠；信赖39/64divide...into把……分开separatefrom分开；分离hearfrom接到(某人)信、电话等throwaway扔掉；抛弃dropby顺便访问；随便进入stickto坚持；固守 payattentionto注意；关注passby途经；经过 payfor付费；付出代价40/64preparefor...为……做准备pulltogether齐心协力；通力合作shutoff关闭；停顿运转takesb.'splace代替、替换某人位置thinkof认为41/641．(·山东临沂费县一模)Inabasketballgame,it'sveryimportantfortheplayerstoplaytogetherand

thebestineachother.A．handout B．bringoutC．takeout D．leaveout42/642．(·黑龙江哈尔滨道外模拟改编)—Oneofthebiggestproblemsformeisprocrastination(拖延症).WhatshouldIdo?—

whatyouneedtodofirst,andgoforittoday.A．Watchout B．WorkoutC．Wearout D．Lookout43/643．(·湖北丹江口3月诊疗)—Becarefulnotto

theletter“b”whenyouspelltheword“climb”．—Thankyouforremindingmeofthat.A．layout B．leaveoutC．bringout D．findout44/644．(·江苏常州常熟一模)—Excuseme,sir.Butsmokingisnotallowedhere.—Sorry,Ididn'tseethesign.I'll

mycigarette(香烟)atonce.A．putout B．putawayC．putup D．putoff45/645．(·湖北襄阳中考)—Mom,canIleavethechorestilltomorrow?—I'mafraidnot.Youcan't

today'sworktilltomorrow.A．putoff B．turndownC．giveaway D．lookup46/646．(·湖北宜昌中考)—We'renotsupposedto

thosewhofailed.—Noonecanbeawinnerallthetime.A．turnout B．laughatC．spreadout D．sharewith47/64考点三情态动词原形与过去式使用方法例句can/could表示能力(＝beableto)Tomcanswim.＝Tomisabletoswim.(疑问句中)表示请求CanIhelpyou?Couldyougiveusahand？(否定句、疑问句中)表示可能性Canthenewsbetrue?Theboycan'tbeJim.48/64原形与过去式使用方法例句may/might表示可能性(可与maybe互

换)Tonymayknowtheway.＝MaybeTonyknowstheway.表示客气请求MayIcomein？表示祝福Mayyoubehappy.49/64原形与过去式使用方法例句must表示义务、命令或要求Wemusttellthetruthtoourparents.表示必定猜测(否定猜测用can't)Lisamustbeathome.(推测现在情况)Youmustbekidding.(推测现在正在发生)Theymusthaveseenthemovie.(推测过去情况)50/64原形与过去式使用方法例句shall/should“Shall...？”用于第一人称表示提提议或请求Shallweasktheteacherforhelp？should用于各种人称，强调义务或责任Heshouldn'tbesoselfish.will/would用于第二人称、疑问句中表示征求意见或提提议Will/Wouldyoupleasetakeouttherubbish？will用于各种人称表示意愿Yourparentswilltrytheirbesttohelpyou.51/641.情态动词过去式与原形相比，表示更委婉语气。2．mustn't表示否定意义，意为“禁止，不允许”。3．haveto有些人称、数和时态改变，表示受客观条件限制，意为“不得不”。Shehastotakethebustowork.她不得不坐公共汽车去上班。52/644．“May...？”句式必定回答是“Yes,...can.”，否定回答是“No,...can't.”。“Must...？”句式必定回答是“Yes,...must.”，否定回答是“No,...needn't./...don'thaveto.”。53/641．(·内蒙古通辽中考)Whereareyougoingforyoursummerholidays?I

gotoDalian.Ihaven'tdecided.A．may B．need C．must D．mustn't54/642．(·江苏盐城中考)Look,littleJimisswimmingsofast.I

believemyeyes.A．shouldn't B．can'tC．mustn't D．needn't55/643．(·江苏泰州中考)Tokeepchildrenawayfromdangerduringthecomingsummerholiday,parents

givethemsomesafetytips.A．should B．may C．could D．might56