译林版高中英语选择性必修第四册单元综合检测2含答案

单元综合检测(二)第一部分阅读第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABestDiabetes(糖尿病)DietsU．S.Newshasrankedfourleadingdietsbasedoninputfromapanelofhealthexperts.Browseourdietprofilesbynarrowingdownyourresultsuntilyoufindtheonesthatarerightforyou.TheFlexitarianDiet1stinBestDiabetesDietsTheFlexitarianDiet，whichemphasizesfruits，veggies，wholegrainsandplant­basedprotein，isasmartandhealthychoice.Onepanelistnotedthatthisdietis“aniceapproachthatcouldworkforthewholefamily.”READMORE→OVERALLSCORE4.1/5WEIGHTLOSS3.6/5HEALTHY4.7/5MediterraneanDiet1stinBestDiabetesDietsWithitsemphasisonfruits，vegetables，oliveoil，fishandotherhealthyfare，theMediterraneandietisextremelysensible.READMORE→OVERALLSCORE4.2/5WEIGHTLOSS3/5HEALTHY4.8/5DASHDiet3rdinBestDiabetesDietsDASHfightshighbloodpressureandwaspraisedforitsnutritionalcompleteness，safety，abilitytopreventorcontroldiabetes，androleinsupportinghearthealth.READMORE→OVERALLSCORE4.1/5WEIGHTLOSS3.2/5HEALTHY4.8/5MayoClinicDiet3rdinBestDiabetesDietsTheMayoClinicDietaimstomakehealthyeatingalifelonghabit，andearnedpraiseforitsnutritionandsafety.READMORE→OVERALLSCORE3.8/5WEIGHTLOSS3．3/5HEALTHY4.4/5【语篇解读】本文介绍了四种最适合糖尿病病人的健康饮食以及它们的排名。1．Ifyougotdiabetesandwantedtoloseweight，whichfoodwouldmeetyourneeds?A．MayoClinicDiet B．DASHDietC．MediterraneanDiet D．TheFlexitarianDietD[细节理解题。比较四种适合糖尿病病人饮食中的WEIGHTLOSS(减肥)部分的得分可知，TheFlexitarianDiet得分3.6/5，最高，所以得了糖尿病，想减肥，最能满足需要的是TheFlexitarianDiet。故选D项。]2．Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A．Anovel B．AmagazineC．Awebsite D．AnewspaperC[文章出处题。根据每个饮食介绍下READMORE→(阅读更多→)可以推测，这段文字可能来自网站。故选C项。]3．Whatcanbementionedbytheauthorinthistext?A．DASHDietcanbenefityourhearthealth.B．Alldiabeticdietscanfighthighbloodpressure.C．Allthediabeticdietsemphasizetheircompletenutrition.D．TheMayoClinicDiethasdevelopedalifelonghealthyeatinghabit.A[细节理解题。根据第三方框DASHDiet中“DASHfightshighbloodpressureandwaspraisedforitsnutritionalcompleteness，safety，abilitytopreventorcontroldiabetes，androleinsupportinghearthealth.”可知，DASH饮食有益于心脏健康。故选A项。]BForseveralmonths，CarahasbeenworkingupthecouragetoapproachhermomaboutwhatshesawonInstagram.Notlongago，the11­year­oldgirl，likealltheotherkidsinthisstory，discoveredthathermomhadbeenpostingherphotosformuchofherlife.“I'vewantedtobringitup.It'sstrangetoseemyselfupthere，andsometimestherearepicturesIdon'tlikeofmyself，”shesaid.Likemostothermodernkids，Caragrewupimmersed(沉迷……之中)insocialmedia.Whilemanykidsmaynotyethaveaccountsthemselves，theirparents，schools，sportsteams，andorganizationshavebeenorganizinganonlinepresenceforthemsincebirth.Theshockofrealizingthatdetailsaboutyourlifehavebeensharedonlinewithoutyourpermissionorknowledgehasbecomeanimportantexperienceinthelivesofmanyteenagers.Recentlyaparentingblogger(博主)wroteinaWashingtonPostessay(散文)thatdespite(不顾)her14­year­olddaughter'shorroratdiscoveringthathermotherhadsharedyearsofhighlypersonalstoriesandinformationaboutheronline，shesimplycouldnotstoppostingonherblogandsocialmedia.ThewritersaidthatpromisingherdaughterthatshewouldstoppostingherpubliclyontheInternetwouldmeanshuttingdownavitalpartofherself，whichisn'tnecessarilygoodforherselforherdaughter.Butit'snotjustcrazymommybloggerswhoconstructachild'sonlineidentity；plentyofaverageparentsdothesame.There'sevenaspecialwordforit:sharenting.AlmostaquarterofchildrenbegintheirdigitalliveswhenparentsuploadtheirphotostotheInternet，accordingtoastudyconductedbytheInternet­securityfirmAVG.Thestudyalsofoundthat92percentofkidsundertheageof2alreadyhavetheirownuniquedigitalidentity.【语篇解读】本文讲述了一些父母热衷于在互联网上发布自己孩子的照片以及文章，而孩子们并不喜欢这样，这让孩子们感到很烦恼。4．HowdoesCarafeelabouthermom'sbehavior?A．It'saggressive. B．It'sappropriate.C．It'sannoying. D．It'sfavorable.C[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“‘It'sstrangetoseemyselfupthere，andsometimestherearepicturesIdon'tlikeofmyself，’shesaid.”可知，Cara不喜欢妈妈将自己的照片展示(分享)出来的这种行为。故选C。]5．Whydidtheparentingbloggerpostaboutherdaughteronline?A．Becauseitfilledupherblog.B．Becauseitshowedoffhersuccess.C．Becauseitrecordedherstories.D．Becauseitmeantalottoher.D[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“ThewritersaidthatpromisingherdaughterthatshewouldstoppostingherpubliclyontheInternetwouldmeanshuttingdownavitalpartofherself，whichisn'tnecessarilygoodforherselforherdaughter.”可推知，在网上分享孩子的照片是这位博主生活的重要部分，这对她来说很重要。故选D。]6．Whoarefondofsharenting?A．Aquarterofstudents.B．Mostordinaryparents.C．Kidsundertheageof2.D．Somecrazybloggers.B[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“plentyofaverageparentsdothesame”可知，很多普通的父母都喜欢在网上晒自己孩子的照片。故选B。]7．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Children'sNewTroubleB．SocialMediaC．Kids'OnlinePerformanceD．MommyBloggersA[标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了一些父母热衷于在互联网上发布自己孩子的照片以及文章，而孩子们并不喜欢这样，这让他们感到烦恼，故选A。]CHowmanydifferentemotions(情感)doyouthinkyoucancommunicatetopeoplewithyourface?Doyouhavethesamefacialexpressionsaspeoplefromdifferentcultures?Readthistofindoutwhatscientistshavejustdiscoveredaboutthistopic.Newresearchsuggeststhatthereareonlyfourbasicfacialexpressionsofemotion.However，howtheseexpressionsareinterpreted(理解)mightdependonwhereyouarefrom.ResearchbyscientistsfromtheUniversityofGlasgowhaschallengedthetraditionalviewofhowthefaceexpressesemotions.Untilnow，itwaswidelybelievedthatsixbasicemotions—happiness，sadness，fear，anger，surpriseanddisgust(厌恶)—wereexpressedandrecognizedacrossdifferentcultures.However，theUniversityofGlasgow'sworknowsuggeststhatthehumanfaceonlyhasfourbasicexpressionsofemotion.Thisisbecausesomepairsofemotionsareimpossibletodistinguish(区分).Fearandsurprise，forexample，bothsharewideopeneyes.Thefacialexpressionsforangeranddisgustalsolookthesame.Soifourfacesareonlyabletoexpressfourbasicemotions，howdowecommunicateamuchmorecomplex(复杂的)varietyoffeelings?Thestudyfoundthatthewayexpressionsareinterpretedisdifferentindifferentcultures.LookingathowpeoplefromtheEastandWestlookatdifferentpartsofthefaceduringfacialexpressionrecognition，scientistsfoundthatalthoughtherearesomecommonfeaturesacrosscultures，thesixbasicfacialexpressionsofemotionarenotrecognizeduniversally.Whatinterestspeopleaboutthecross­culturalaspectoftheresearch?“Thisworkleadstounderstandingwhichemotionsweshareandappreciatingourdifferences.”【语篇解读】新的研究表明，人类只有四种基本的面部表情，而不是六种。8．WhatdidtheUniversityofGlasgowfind?A．Facialexpressionsexpressemotions.B．Sixbasicemotionscanberecognized.C．Somebasicfacialexpressionsareunusual.D．Someofthesixfacialexpressionsaresimilar.D[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Thisisbecausesomepairsofemotionsareimpossibletodistinguish.”可知，六种基本表情里面有一些是类似的。]9．Whichgroupmaybethefourbasicfacialemotions?A．Sadness，fear，angerandsurprise.B．Anger，sadness，fearandhappiness.C．Happiness，surprise，sadnessandfear.D．Disgust，happiness，angerandsadness.B[推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句话，再对比之前提到的六种表情，可推断出新的研究提出的四种基本表情。]10．Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A．Basicfacialexpressionsarenotuniversal.B．Peoplefindithardtocommunicatemorefeelings.C．PeoplefromtheWesthavemorefacialexpressions.D．Wecan'texpressmorefeelingswithfourexpressions.A[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“...thesixbasicfacialexpressionsofemotionarenotrecognizeduniversally”可知，基本的面部表情并不是通用的，文化不同，所表达的意思也不同。]11．Whatisthebesttitleforthistext?A．WhatDoesYourFaceSay?B．HowDoWeCommunicate?C．WhatAretheSixBasicEmotions?D．DoWeHavetheSameFacialExpressions?A[标题归纳题。文章主要讲的是人的面部表情能够表达多少种情感。]DCreatinganewgeneinasingledaycouldsoonbepossible.Thetechnologycouldonedayletresearchersspeedilyrewritegenes，enablingthemtomakenewmedicinesandfuelsonthefly.ResearchershavebeenabletomakeDNAsincethe1970s.ThetraditionalapproachtakesDNAnucleotides(核苷酸)andaddsthem，onebyone，toagrowingchaincalledanoligo(寡核苷酸).Buttheprocessistypicallyslowanderror­prone，limitingoligostoabout200letters—atinypartofthethousandsoflettersthatmakeupmostgenes.Overthedecades，mostresearchershavesettledononeparticularpolymerase(聚合酶)，calledTdT，becauseunlikeothers，itcanattachnewnucleotidestoanoligostrandwithoutfollowingaDNAtemplatestrand.ScientistshavetriedforyearstomakeTdTaddonenucleotideatatimeandstop，beforerepeatingtheprocesswithadifferentnucleotide.ButTdTdoesn'tworkwellwiththesemodifiednucleotides.“TdTisverypicky.”saysSebastianPalluk，aPh.D．student.Onesuchsystem，forexample，requiredaboutanhourtoaddeachmodifiedbase，fartooslowtobepractical.Ultimately，theapproachshouldbecheap，becauseTdTiseasytomanufactureinbacteria.It'salsofast.Mostnewnucleotidesattachtothegrowingoligoin10to20seconds.Fornow，thestepstilltakesaminute.Sosynthesizingawholegenewillstilllikelytakethebetterpartofaday.Thenewapproachisnotquiteready.Sofar，thegrouphasmadeoligosonly10baseslong.Andtherearestillafewwritingproblems，astheapproachwasonly98%accurateatwritingDNA，belowthe99%accuracyofthetraditionalapproach.Inordertowriteoligosupto1，000baseslong，theapproachwilllikelyneedtobe99.9%accurate.【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了科学家们正在尝试用一个最新的方法来改写基因，如果成功，将可以在一天的时间里创造出一个新的基因，但目前该技术尚未成熟。12．WhatisthedrawbackofthetraditionalwayofmakingDNA?A．Itistooexpensive.B．Itistoohardtobecarriedout.C．Itincreasesoligostoabout200letters.D．Itistooslowandtheremaybemistakes.D[细节理解题。由第一段最后一句话“Buttheprocessistypicallyslowanderror­prone，limitingoligostoabout200letters—atinypartofthethousandsoflettersthatmakeupmostgenes.”可知，传统重组基因方法的缺点是缓慢且容易出错，故选D。]13．WhyhavemostresearcherssettledonTdT?A．Becauseitischeap.B．Becauseitiseasytoget.C．Becauseitisharmlesstopeople.D．Becauseitiseasytocontrol.B[细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句话“Overthedecades，mostresearchershavesettledononeparticularpolymerase，calledTdT，becauseunlikeothers，itcanattachnewnucleotidestoanoligostrandwithoutfollowingaDNAtemplatestrand.”第三段第一句话“Ultimately，theapproachshouldbecheap，becauseTdTiseasytomanufactureinbacteria.”可知，研究人员专注于TdT的原因是因为TdT在细菌中很容易得到。故选B。]14．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．ResearchershavebeenabletomakeDNArecently.B．Thenewapproachisquitereadywithoutanyproblem.C．Thereisstillsomeworktodobeforethenewapproachispractical.D．Towriteoligos1，000baseslong，theapproachneedstobe99%accurate.C[推理判断题。由文章最后一段的首句“Thenewapproachisnotquiteready.(新方法还不完全成熟。)”及最后一句“Inordertowriteoligosupto1，000baseslong，theapproachwilllikelyneedtobe99.9%accurate.”可以推断出这种基因重组的方法目前还不成熟，主要是精准度不够，由此可以推断出这种方法离真正应用到实际还需要进行很多的试验与研究工作。故选C。]15．Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A．Amagazine. B．Adiary.C．Anovel. D．Aguidebook.A[文章出处题。根据文章的主要内容可知，本文为一篇科技说明文，讲述了科学家们正在尝试用一个最新的方法来改写基因，如果成功，将可以在一天的时间里创造出一个新的基因，由此可知本文最有可能出现在与科技相关的杂志上。故选A。]第二节阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Theword“emoji”comesfromJapanese，literallymeaning“picturecharacter”．16Theycomeindifferentcategories，suchasfacesandpeople，plantsandanimals，andfoodanddrink.WhenfirstintroducedinJapanin1999，emojiswerelimitedto176simpledesigns.Nowtherearemorethan3，000emojis.Duetotheirpopularity，theOxfordDictionariesWordoftheYearin2015wasapictographeq\a\vs4\al()insteadofatraditionalword.Intoday'sworld，emojishavebecomemoreandmorepopular.17Peoplelikethembecausetheyaddemotionalmeanings，andarequickandeasytouse.Withasmilingorsadfaceaddedtoamessageorpost，yourreadercan“see”yourfacialexpressionwhilereadingyourwords.18Forinstance，ifyourfriendismovingacrossthecountry，youmayjustsendthemastringofcryingfacestoexpressyoursadnessoveryourseparation.19AShakespeareseriesforyoungreadershastakenWilliamShakespeare'spopularplaysandreplacedsomewordswithtextspeakandemojis.Theintentionoftheseadaptationsistomaketheclassicsmoreaccessibletoyoungreaders.Somepeople，however，believethatthesenewversionshavetakenawaytheheartandsoulofShakespeare'splays.Aswecansee，emojishaveatendencytopopupallovertheplace.Usersofemojissaythattheyfacilitatethewaywecommunicateandexpressourselves.Butthismakesothers，especiallyeducators，worrythatwearelosingtheabilitytocommunicateproperlyusingthewrittenword，oreventhespokenword.Afterall，howmanyofustodaywouldrathersendamessagepackedwithemojisthanmakeatelephonecall？20Onthatday，emojiswillhavebecomearealpictorial“language”．But，fornow，maybeit'sbestthatwejustenjoyusingthem.A．Maybeemojis'bestdaysareahead.B．Themostpopularemojisareabsoluteclassics.C．Theuseofemojishasevenspreadtoclassicalliterature.D．Perhapspeoplewillonedaychoosetocommunicateinpictures.E．Itseemsthatemojishaveclearadvantagesoverwrittenlanguage.F．Emojisaresmallsymbolsrepresentingideas，emotionsorfeelings.G．Emojiscanalsohelppeopleexpresstheirfeelingswhentheycan'tfindtheappropriatewords.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了单词“emoji”(表情符号)的来源，它的含义以及使用范围。随着越来越多的人开始喜欢使用表情符号，有人认为它对交流有好处，但有人则认为表情符号会降低人们的语言技能。16．F[上文“Theword‘emoji’comesfromJapanese，literallymeaning‘picturecharacter’．”说明“emoji”的来源以及含义，与空处是递进关系，表情符号是代表思想、情绪或感觉的小符号，进一步阐述了“emoji”的含义。故选F。]17．E[下文“Withasmilingorsadfaceaddedtoamessageorpost，yourreadercan‘see’yourfacialexpressionwhilereadingyourwords.”说明人们在书面语言上使用了表情符号，人们更容易读到书写人的面部表情，与空处为递进关系，表明表情符号似乎比书面语言有明显的优势。故选E。]18．G[上文“Withasmilingorsadfaceaddedtoamessageorpost，yourreadercan‘see’yourfacialexpressionwhilereadingyourwords.”说明表情符号相比书面语言有明显的优势，下文“Forinstance，ifyourfriendismovingacrossthecountry，youmayjustsendthemastringofcryingfacestoexpressyoursadnessoveryourseparation.”说明，当人们找不到合适的词语表达的时候，可以借助表情符号。G项承上启下，说明表情符号还可以帮助人们表达情感。故选G。]19．C[下文“AShakespeareseriesforyoungreadershastakenWilliamShakespeare'spopularplaysandreplacedsomewordswithtextspeakandemojis.Theintentionoftheseadaptationsistomaketheclassicsmoreaccessibletoyoungreaders.”说明古典文学中使用了表情符号，C项中“classical”与下文一致，说明表情符号的使用甚至蔓延到了古典文学中，切合题意。故选C。]20．D[上文“Afterall，howmanyofustodaywouldrathersendamessagepackedwithemojisthanmakeatelephonecall？”说明人们现在习惯于发送充满表情符号的信息，下文“Onthatday，emojiswillhavebecomearealpictorial‘language’．”说明表情符号未来将成为真正的图形“语言”，D项中pictures是关键词，与下文pictorial相呼应，说明也许有一天人们会选择用图片来交流。故选D。]第二部分语言运用第一节阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Aweakoldmanwenttolivewithhisson，daughter­in­law，andafour­yearoldgrandson.Theoldman'shands21andhiseyesightwaspoor.Thefamilyatetogetherattable，buttheelderlygrandfather'sshakyhandsmadeeatingrather22．Peasrolledoffhisspoonontothefloor.Whenhegraspedtheglass，often23spilled(泼洒)onthetablecloth.Thesonanddaughter­in­lawbecame24atthemess(脏乱).“Wemustdo25aboutgrandfather，”saidtheson.“I'vehadenoughofhisspilledmilkandfoodonthefloor.”Sothehusbandandwifesetasmalltableinthecorner.There，grandfatheratealonewhiletherestofthefamilyhadtheirdinneratthedinnertable26．Sincegrandfatherhadbrokenadishortwo，hisfoodwasservedina27bowl.Sometimeswhenthefamilyglancedingrandfather's28，hehadatearinhiseye.Still，thecouplealwaysblamedhimwhenhe29aspoonorspilledfood.Thefour­year­oldwatcheditallin30．Oneeveningbeforesupper，thefather31hissonplayingwithsmallwoodpieces.Heaskedthechildsweetly，“Whatareyoumaking？”Theboy32，“Oh，IammakingalittlebowlforyouandmamatoeatyourfoodfromwhenIgrowup.”Thewordsso33thecouplethattheywerespeechless.Thentearsstartedto34downtheircheeks.Thoughnowordwas35，bothknewwhatmustbedone.Thateveningthehusbandtookgrandfather'shandandledhimbacktothefamilydinnertablegently.Fromthenon，thegrandfatherateeverymealwiththefamily.【语篇解读】本文讲述的是一个关爱老人的故事。老人年纪大了，手脚开始变得不听使唤，家人嫌弃手脚不便的老人，让老人单独吃饭，还经常批评老人打破餐具。这些场景被四岁的孩子看到了，看到父母不善待爷爷的行为后也效仿他们，为他们准备年老后使用的木碗，这一举动深深地触动了父母，他们痛改前非，开始善待老人。21．A．trembled B．coveredC．raised D．pushedA[由下文中的“shakyhands”可知，老人因年老体衰而双手颤抖。故选A项。]22．A．interesting B．convenientC．amusing D．difficultD[本句提到老人双手颤抖，后面两句又描写了就餐时的具体困难，由此可以推断出老人因双手颤抖而就餐困难。故选D项。]23．A．juice B．milkC．soup D．waterB[由第二段第三句“I'vehadenoughofhisspilledmilkandfoodonthefloor.”可知，老人由于双手颤抖而泼洒杯中的牛奶。故选B项。]24．A．shocked B．disappointedC．angry D．surprisedC[由下文中这对夫妇的做法可以推断出他们对父亲泼洒牛奶、把食物掉到地上、把家里弄得脏乱的行为大为恼火。故选C项。]25．A．anything B．everythingC．nothing D．somethingD[本句是一个肯定句，要表达的意思是要对父亲(孩子的爷爷)采取一些措施，所以用something。故选D项。]26．A．seriously B．happilyC．sadly D．slowlyB[由前面的“thegrandfatheratealone”和“while”可知，这里老人独自一个人就餐和一家其他三个人开心地就餐形成对比，所以用happily。故选B项。]27．A．plastic B．smallC．wooden D．cheapC[由下文“hissonplayingwithsmallwoodpieces”以及本句中提到老人偶尔会打碎一两个盘子，第三段中提到他们的儿子给他们准备年老后使用的木碗可知，此处指木碗。故选C项。]28．A．way B．directionC．sight D．situationB[本句意为朝爷爷的方向看，inone'sdirection是固定短语，意为“朝某人的方向”。故选B项。]29．A．dropped B．threwC．chose D．touchedA[由上文提到的老人偶尔会打碎一两个盘子可知，此处指弄掉勺子。故选A项。]30．A．peace B．reliefC．danger D．silenceD[此处表示四岁的儿子只好默不作声地看着，insilence是固定短语，意为“沉默地”，符合语境。故选D项。]31．A．noticed B．keptC．heard D．suggestedA[根据语境可知，父亲看到儿子正在玩耍地上的木块，noticesb.doingsth.是固定短语，意为“注意到某人做某事”。故选A项。]32．A．responded B．caughtC．hit D．pushedA[前面父亲问“你在做什么？”，所以此处指小孩回答。故选A项。]33．A．attracted B．stuckC．struck D．absorbedC[由本句中的“speechless”和下文可知，儿子的话深深地触动了这对夫妇。故选C项。]34．A．stream B．goC．fall D．floodA[根据语境可知，此处表示他们的泪水开始流下来了。故选A项。]35．A．taught B．toldC．spoken D．writtenC[根据语境可知，这里的word指“话”，搭配spoken构成被动语态，表示没有话被说出来。故选C项。]第二节阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。YueyangToweris36.ancientChinesetowerontheshoreofLakeDongting.ItisoneoftheThreeGreatTowersofJiangnan.YueyangTowerbecamefamousforMemorialtoYueyangTower(《岳阳楼记》)37.(write)byFanZhongyan，whowasanexcellentministerofthenorthernSongDynasty(960­1127)inChina.38．(lie)onthecitywallofthewestgateoftheancientcityinYueyangCity，HunanProvince，China，YueyangTowerfacesJunshanIslandandoverlooksDongtingLake，beingextremelybeautifuland39.(impress).Sinceancienttimes，it40.(enjoy)thegoodreputationthatDongtingLakeisthe41.(good)amonglakes，andYueyangTowerisincomparableamongtowers.YueyangTower'sroofcoveredwithyellowglazedtiles(黄色琉璃瓦)lookslikeageneral'shelmetinancientChina.Itistheonlyancient42.(build)withahelmetroofstructure(构造)inChina.BeforetheTangDynasty(618­907)，YueyangTowerwasmainlyused43.themilitarypurpose.AftertheTangDynasty，it44.(gradual)becameafamousscenicspotin45.menofletterschantedpoetryandwrotefu.【语篇解读】本文介绍了位于湖南省岳阳市的岳阳楼，自古有“洞庭天下水，岳阳天下楼”之美誉。36．an[考查冠词。句意：岳阳楼是一座古老的中国式塔楼。tower为单数可数名词，表示泛称，用不定冠词，又因为前面的ancient为元音音素开头的单词，故用冠词an。故填an。]37．written[考查非谓语动词。句意：岳阳楼因范仲淹写的《岳阳楼记》而出名。所填词在此处作后置定语，修饰MemorialtoYueyangTower，且与之为动宾关系，故用过去分词written。故填written。]38．Lying[考查非谓语动词。句意：岳阳楼坐落于古城岳阳西城门的城墙上。分析该句成分可知，所填词与该句的逻辑主语YueyangTower构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用其动词­ing形式Lying。故填Lying。]39．impressive[考查词性转换。句意：岳阳楼面向君山岛，俯瞰洞庭湖，极其漂亮，给人留下深刻印象。分析该句结构可知，所填词与beautiful并列，作being的表语，故用所给词的形容词形式impressive。故填impressive。]40．hasenjoyed/hasbeenenjoying[考查动词时态。句意：自从古代以来，它就一直享有盛名——洞庭湖是众多湖泊中最好的。分析该句成分可知，所填词作谓语，又根据Sinceancienttimes可知，该处用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。故填hasenjoyed/hasbeenenjoying。]41．best[考查形容词最高级。句意：自从古代以来，它就一直享有盛名——洞庭湖是众多湖泊中最好的。根据空前的the及后面的amonglakes可知，该处需用所给词的最高级形式best。故填best。]42．building[考查词性转换。句意：它是中国唯一一个盔式构造的古建筑。根据前面的修饰语theonlyancient可知，此处需用所给词的名词形式building。故填building。]43．for[考查介词。句意：岳阳楼主要用于军事目的。beusedfor意为“被用于”，为固定短语。故填for。]44．gradually[考查词性转换。句意：唐朝之后，它逐渐成为一个著名景点，文人雅士们在这里吟诗作赋。分析该句成分可知，所填词在此处修饰动词became，作状语，故用所给词的副词形式gradually。故填gradually。]45．which[考查定语从句。句意：唐朝之后，它逐渐成为一个著名景点，文人雅士们在这里吟诗作赋。分析该句成分可知，该句是由“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词为scenicspot，故用关系代词which。故填which。]第三部分写作第一节近来调查发现，学生中抽烟的人数不断增多。请你写一篇短文，阐述吸烟的危害。并呼吁学生不要吸烟。注意：词数80左右。【参考范文】Smokingisawidespreadhabitevenamongschoolchildren.Thenumberofyoungsmokersisincreasing.Asweallknow，smokingisharmfultoourhealth.Butit'sevenmoreharmfultomiddleschoolstudentsforitdoesgreatharmnotonlytotheirhealthbutalsototheirmind.Middleschoolstudentsarefuturebuildersofthecountry.Theyshouldspendtheirtimelearningknowledge.Soit'shightimethattheseyoungsmokersmadeuptheirmindstogiveupsmoking.第二节阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Igrewupinasmalltownwhereelementaryschoolwasaten­minutewalkfrommyhouseandinanage，notsolongago，whenwechildrencouldgohomeforlunchandfindourmotherswaiting.Atthetime，Ididn'tconsiderthistobesoimportant，althoughtodayitcertainlywouldbe.Actually，ourlunchtimetogetherinthepastyearshadhadagreatinfluenceonmylifebeforeIrealizedit.OurlunchtimewhenIwasinthethirdgradewillstaywithmealways.Ihadbeenpickedtobetheprincessintheschoolplay，andforweeksmymotherhadpainstakinglypracticedmylines(台词)withme.ButnomatterhoweasilyIdeliveredthemathome，assoonasIsteppedonstage，everyworddisappearedfrommyhead.Finally，myteachertookmeaside.Sheexplainedpatientlythatsheneededanarratorandhadwrittenanarrator'sparttotheplay，andaskedmetoplaytheroleofthenarrator.Herwords，kindlydelivered，stillhurtmeespeciallywhenIsawmypartgotoanothergirl.Ididn'ttellmotherwhathadhappenedwhenIwenthomeforlunchthatday.Butshesensedmyupset，andinsteadofsuggestingwepracticemylines，sheaskedifIwantedtowalkintheyard.Itwasalovelyspringdayandtherosevine(藤)wasturninggreen.Underthehugetrees，wecouldseeyellowdandelions(蒲公英)appearingunexpectedlythroughthegrassinbunches(簇，串)，asifapainterhadtouchedourlandscapewithsmallamountsofgold.Iwatchedmymothercasuallybenddownbyoneofthebushes.“IthinkI'mgoingtodigupa