教老外学汉语

Le

t

’s

le

a

rn

Chine

s

e

w

ith

Lulu学汉语结语(co

n

c

lu

s

io

n

)学习指南（A

g

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id

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o

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rn

in

g

）实战练习（P

ra

c

t

ice

w

it

h

e

x

e

rcis

e

s

）汉语拼音（Ch

in

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eP

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in

）目录页Contents

Page汉语简介(

Th

e

in

t

ro

d

u

c

t

io

n

o

f

Ch

in

e

s

e

)学习指南汉语拼音实战练习结语汉汉语语简简介介【汉语简介】Chine

s

e

Ma

nda

rin

（普通话）汉语普通话是中国汉民族的共同语，也是中国的官方语言。它以北京语音为标准音，以北方方言为基础，以典范的现代白话文著作为语法规范。The

common

language

of

the

Han

nationality

is

Mandarin

Chine

se.

Mandarin

is

also

the

official

language

ofthe

People's

Re

public

of

China.

Beijing

phonetic

is

regarded

as

the

standard

pronunciation

and

the

basicdialect

is

dialect

of

the

northern

part

of

the

country.

The

standard

modern

Chine

se

written

works

becomegrammar

examples.一般来说，一个汉字是一个音节。汉语的音节结构比较简单，由声母、韵母、声调组成。声母是音节的开头，韵母有单韵母、复韵母和鼻韵母。声调标在韵母的主要元音上。Ge

nerally

speaking,

a

Single

Chine

se

character

is

equal

to

a

syllable.

The

structure

of

a

Chine

se

syllable

is

quite

simple,

usually

being

composed

of

an

initial

and

a

final

with

atone.

The

initial

is

the

first

part

of

a

syllable.

Following

the

initial

is

the

final,

which

can

be

classified

into

three

types;

the

simple

final,

compound

final

and

final

with

a

nasal

ending.

Tone

marks

are

placed

on

the

major

vowels

of

the

final.n

e

x

t

Characte

ristics

of

Chine

se

characters：hieroglyphOne

prominent

feature

:

combine

grapheme

and

meaning

closely

.

So

Chine

se

can

read

the

essays

eventhough

it

is

two

thousand

years

ago.汉语简介e.g.[máng]忙忄:s

t

a

te

of

m

ind亡:lo

s

e、d

ieb

us

y[kàn]看:ha

nd:e

yelookn

e

x

t学习指南汉语拼音【汉语简介】

Ove

r

1.5

billion

people

learn

Chine

se.

Chine

se

characters

is

ideogram.

the

benefit

of

learning

Chine

se.【Th

e

in

t

ro

d

u

ct

io

n

o

f

Ch

in

e

s

e

】

全球使用人数最多

汉字是表意文字

汉语能带给你什么

【t

ra

n

s

la

t

io

n

】学说中国话，朋友遍天下每个汉字背后都是一部历史工作，学习，旅游⋯⋯Le

arning

&

speaking

Chine

se

brings

you

countlessfriends.Each

Chine

se

character

has

a

history

.You

have

command

of

a

new

language

and

it

also

bringsyou

convenience

in

working

,

studying

&

traveling.汉汉语语简简介介实战练习结语汉语简介汉语拼音【学习指南】学好汉语有三步。而通过之前的汉语简介，我们知道了学好汉语的第一步就是掌握拼音。因为它能够帮助你读出任何

一个汉字的发音，同时它也是你今后可以自学汉语的基础，在学习期间，你可以买一本字典来帮助认识、理解和掌握更多的汉字。学好汉语第二步就是掌握基础的汉语语法，这一步我会在大量的实战练习中告诉你。而第三步就是练习，俗话说，孰能生巧。给自己制定一个目标并每天的练习是学好任何语言必须经历的一步。From

my

point

of

views,

there

are

three

steps

in

learning

Chine

se.Through

the

previous

Chine

se

brief

introduction,

the

first

step

is

grasping

Chine

se

Pinyin

because

it

can

help

you

pronounce

any

Chine

se

words.

Meanwhile,

it

is

the

basis

of

your

learning

Chine

se.

In

the

period

of

study,

you

can

buy

a

dictionary

to

help

you

recognize,

understand

and

learn

more

Chine

se

characters.

The

second

step

isgrasping

the

basic

Chine

se

grammar.

For

this

point,

I

will

tell

you

more

when

you

practice.

The

third

step

is

practice.

A

saying

goes

like

this,“Practise

make

s

perfect

”.

Setting

a

goal

for

yourself

and

practicing

everyday

are

the学学习习指指南南indispensable

process

in

learning

any

languages.n

e

x

t实战练习结语汉语简介汉语拼音【学习指南】1.初阶目标

能熟练的读出汉语拼音和正确的声调

能读、写100-200个常用的中文字

能听、说简单的日常会话，并能认得其中的用词，也明了简单的中文句法1.

Ele

mentary

goals

Have

the

ability

to

read

Chine

se

phonetic

transcriptions

with

correct

tone.

Be

able

to

read

and

write

100

to

200

Chine

se

characters.

Be

able

to

listen

and

speak

simple

daily

dialogue,

recognizing

each

words

and

understanding

Chine

se

grammar.学学习习指指南南首先,我为您制定目标：First

of

all,

I

set

goals

for

you.实战练习结语n

e

x

t【学习指南】学习指南2.中阶目标

以日常生活情况为单元，能认读各单元中常用的语句，并能书写其中较简单的汉字

藉由情景单元中的对话，学习教复杂的句型及特殊字的用法

能够针对不同的生活情况，进行简单的自由对话2.Inte

rmediate

goals

In

the

basis

of

our

daily

life

,

you

can

read

some

common

words

and

have

theability

to

write

somesimple

Chine

se

characters.

Based

on

situational

dialogues,

you

should

learn

some

more

complex

sentence

pattern

and

the

usage

ofsome

special

characters.

You

can

have

a

simple

and

free

talk

with

others

aimed

towards

different

conditions.n

e

x

t【学习指南】学习指南3.高阶目标

能进行大部分生活对话

能阅读并理解大部分生活中常见的短文

能用简单的句子说明自己的想法3.Advance

d

goals

Be

able

to

freely

talk

to

others

in

life

Be

able

to

read

and

comprehend

most

of

the

common

words

in

life

Be

able

to

express

your

ideas

with

simple

sentencen

e

x

t汉语简介学习指南汉汉语语拼拼音音Chine

s

e

Pinyin

（汉语拼音简介）汉语拼音是一套用拉丁字母记写普通话读音的方法系统，内容有字母（

26个），声母（

21个），韵母（

39个），声调（

4个）和拼写规则。The

Pinyinis

a

system

for

representing

standard

Mandarin

in

the

Latin

alphabet.

It

contains

26

letters,

21

initials,

39

finals,

four

tones

and

several

special

spelling

rules.用拉丁拼音字母记录汉字的读音始于公元1

610年的法国传教士。1958年中华人民共和国正式公布拉丁字母式的《汉语拼音方案》。1977年联合国决定采用汉语拼音为中国地名拼写法的国际标准。1982年，该方案成为国际标准IOS

7098

（中文罗马字母拼写法）。In

1

61

0,

aFrench

missionary

first

used

the

Latin

alphabet

to

record

the

pronunciation

of

Chine

se

characters.

The

n

in

1958,

Chine

se

government

published

the

“Sche

me

for

the

Chine

se

Phonetic

Alphabe

t

”officially.

Late

r

in

1977,

the

UN

adopted

Pinyin

as

the

international

spelling

standards

of

Chine

se

geographical

names

and

the

scheme

became

ISO

7098（

Roman

alphabet

spellings

for

Chine

se)

in

1982．实战练习结语n

e

x

t汉语简介学习指南汉汉语语拼拼音音汉语拼音在中国大陆作为基础教育内容全面使用。海外的华语地区目前也在汉语教育中进行汉语拼音教学。The

Pinyin

has

become

the

educational-base

d

content

in

Chine

se

mainland

and

a

essential

part

in

Chine

se

speaking

communities

overseas.汉语拼音规律比较简单，对普及识字以及初等教育起了很大的作用。随着计算机的普及，汉语拼音也是一种除笔画输入以外非常常用的中文输入法。The

laws

of

Chine

se

Pinyin

are

relatively

simple,

which

plays

an

important

role

in

popularizing

Chine

se

charactersand

primary

education.

With

the

popularization

of

computer

technology,

Pinyin

has

become

a

very

popularChine

se

input

method

besides

character

stroke

input.由于汉语拼音是一种只书写读音的体系，无法取代汉字。完全用汉语拼音写出来的文章很难懂，因此，它不是一种正式的书写方式，而只是一种阅读的帮助。Because

Pinyin

is

only

for

recording

the

pronunciation,

it

can

never

be

the

substitute

of

Chine

se

characte

r.

The

article

that

completely

written

by

Pinyin

is

difficult

to

understand.

The

refore,

Pinyin

is

not

a

formal

way

of

writing实战练习结语and

it

is

just

a

reading

aid.n

e

x

t汉语简介学习指南【汉语拼音】汉语拼音字母表声母表（Initia

l

Co

ns

o

na

nt

t

a

b

le

）bpmfdtnlgkhjqxzhchshrzcsywa

o

e

i

u

ü

ai

eiui

ao

ou

iu

ie

üe

er

anen

in

un

ün

ang

eng

ing

ongwuzhiChishiriyiyuyeyuezi

ci

siyuan

yin

yunying韵母表（The

f

ina

l

t

a

b

le

）整体认读音节（w

ho

le-s

ylla

b

le

）汉汉语语拼拼音音The

structure

of

a

Chine

se

syllable

is

quite

simple,

usually

being

composed

of

an

initial

and

a

final

with

a

tone.e.g.[wo][shi]

[tuō]

[nǐ]我是托尼

I

a

m

To

ny.n

e

x

tClick

it

t

o

lis

t

e

nt

o

t

h

e

s

o

u

n

d

s

.实战练习结语汉语简介学习指南汉汉语语拼拼音音S

p

e

lling

Rule

s

of

Pinyin

（汉语拼音拼写规则）．Zhi

chi

shi

ri,zi

ci

si的韵母用“i” The

finals

of

zhi

chi

shi

ri,zi

ci

si

are“i”．i开头的韵母，前面没有声母时，写成yi

ya

ye

yao

you

yan

yin

yang

ying

yong Finals

beginning

with

i

without

initials

are

written

as：ya

ye

yao

you

yan

yin

yang

ying

yong.．u开头的韵母，前面没有声母时写成wu

wa

wo

wai

wei

wan

wen

wang

wengFinals

beginning

with

u

without

initials

are

written

as:

wu

wa

wo

wai

wei

wan

wen

wang

weng.．韵母üüe和声母n相拼，ü的两点保留。ü及以ü开头的韵母和声母j，q，x相拼，ü一律称ü。üand

üe

are

combined

with

l

and

n,

the

two

dots

on

the

üare

remained,

e.g.

lü,

nü,

lüe

,

nü.

Whe

n

üandfinals

beginning

with

üare

combined

with

j,

q,

x,

üis

all

pronounced

as

ü,

e.g.

ju

quan

xue.实战练习结语n

e

x

t汉语简介学习指南汉汉语语拼拼音音7．声调的调号一般按照顺序一次标注在a

o

e

i

u

ü上。如果调在i上时，i上的点儿可以省略。

Tone

marks

are

marke

d

on

the

vowels

a

o

e

i

u

üaccording

to

the

orde

r.When

the

tone

mark

is

on

an

i,the

doton

the

ican

be

omitted,

e.g.

kāi,

zhǎo,

tiào,

guā,

tiē,

zǒu,

jīn,

jùn,

jù.-iu,-ui这两个韵母的调号应该标在后面。For

thefinals

iu

and

ui,

the

tone

marks

should

be

placed

on

the

latter

u

or

i,

e.g.

diūhuìS

pe

lling

Rule

s

of

Pinyin

（汉语拼音拼写规则）．ü开头的韵母，前面没有声母时，ü上的两点省略。Whe

n

the

finals

beginning

with

üwithout

initials,

the

two

dots

on

the

üare

omitted,

these

are

written

as:yu

yue

yuan

yun．iou

uei

uen前面有声母时，写成iu

ui

un．Whe

n

iou

uei

uen

are

preceded

by

initials,

they

are

written

as

iu

ui

un,

e.g.

niu

liu

gui

hun.实战练习结语n

e

x

t汉语简介学习指南汉语拼音实实战战练练习习〗mā妈pá爬t

ǎ塔nà那Pra

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smamotherclimbthatptowert

anaafour

tones结语n

e

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ct

ice

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it

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e

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e

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e

smpobō播m⑩磨wǒ我p⑨破bw

oooo结语n

e

x

t汉语简介学习指南汉语拼音实实战战练练习习Pra

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w

it

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e

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e

sehē喝d⒅德kě可l⒄乐d

el

ek

eh

e结语n

e

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t汉语简介学习指南汉语拼音实实战战练练习习Pra

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sipī批mí迷dǐ底t

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suwū屋t

ú图kǔ苦bù布k

uubt

uw

u结语n

e

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ct

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sⅡxū需l

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t汉语简介学习指南