《Unit 3 The internet》课堂教学教学设计（统编人教版）

SectionmDiscoveringUsefulStructures

»语法精讲,鲁而经砂语法透析•专项训练♦

现在完成时的被动语态

课前直至领悟，

1.(教材P28)Muchhasbeenwritten(write)aboutthewondersoftheWorldWideWeb.

2.(教材P28)ButtheInternethasdone(do)muchmoreforpeoplethansimplymakelifemore

convenient.

3.(教材P28)Manypeoplehavebeenhelped(help)bytheclub.

4.(教材P28)Shenolongerfeelslonely,andhercompanyhasbecome(become)quite

successful.

5.(教材P32)TodayIthoughtI'dblogaboutaquestionthathasbeenasked(ask)many

times-howdoyoustaysafeonlineandavoidbadexperiencesontheInternet?

课堂要点精析，

一、现在完成时的被动语态的结构

肯定式主语+have/hasbeendone...

否定式主语+have/hasnotbeendone...

一般疑问式Have/Has+主语+beendone...?

特殊疑问式疑问词+have/has+主语+beendone...?

♦Hehasbeenselectedtotakepartinthesportsmeeting.

他已被挑选出来参加运动会。

♦Theinkhasnotbeenremovedfromhisovercoat.

墨迹还没有从他外套上去掉。

♦Hasthedateforthenextmeetingbeendecided?

下次会议的日期已确定了吗？

♦Howlonghasthebatterynotbeenchanged?

电池多久没有更换了？

【即时演练11——句型转换

Thechildrenhavealreadybeentoldthegoodnews.

①将上面的句子变为否定句。

Thechildrenhaven'tbeentoldthegoodnewsyet.

②将上面的句子变为一般疑问句。

Havethechildrenbeentoldthegoodnewsyet?

③对上面句子中的Thechildren进行提问。

Whohasbeentoldthegoodnewsyet?

二、现在完成时的被动语态的用法

1.现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结

果，通常与already,yet,just,never,recently等副词连用。

♦Themachinehasalreadybeenrepaired.

机器已经修好了。

2.表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能持续下去，常与for或

since引导的时间状语连用，或用于“Howlong...?”句型中。

♦Financialproblemsofthecompanyhavebeendiscussedfornearlytwohours.

公司的财务问题已被讨论了近两个小时了。

♦Howlonghasthisfilmbeenshown?

这部电影已放映多长时间了？

3.用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动语

态代替将来完成时的被动语态。

♦Youshouldn'tleaveschoolbeforeyourhomeworkhasbeenfinished.

在你的作业没完成之前你不应该离开学校。

◎温馨提示

常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有：

already已经yet已经

recently/lately最近sincethen从那时起

eversince自那以来ever曾经

sofar迄今为止bynow到现在为止

foralongtime很长一段时间

inrecentyears在最近几年里

in/during/overthepast/lastyears在过去的几年里

【即时演练2】

(1)用现在完成时的被动语态改写句子

①Jack'sbosshasalwayspraisedhimforhisdevotiontowork.

fJackhasalwaysbeenpraisedbyhisbossforhisdevotiontowork.

②Theyhavefoundagoodplacetobuildatempleinthevillage.

—Agoodplacehasbeenfoundtobuildatempleinthevillage.

③Wehaven'tyetdecidedhowtosolvethatdifficulttechnologicalproblem.

—Howtosolvethatdifficulttechnologicalproblemhasn'tbeendecidedyet.

(2)完成句子

④当我的家庭作业完成时我就回家。

Iwillgohomewhenmyhomeworkhasbeenfinished.

⑤纸币已被使用了1000多年了。

Papermoneyhasbeenusedforoveronethousandyears.

◎温馨提示

(1)只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

♦Hisbosshasalreadypunishedhim.

fHehasalreadybeenpunished(byhisboss).

(2)带有双宾语的动词，如give,send,bring,take,teach,show,tell,make,sing,write,read,

sell,buy,pay,lend,pass,promise等，变为被动语态时，一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，

若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时，间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。

♦Hegavethelittlegirlanapple,fThelittlegirlwasgivenanapple(byhim).

一Anapplewasgiventothelittlegirl(byhim).

【即时演练31——将下面句子变为被动语态

①Ihaveaskedhertohelpyou.

fShehasbeenasked2helpyou.

②Wehaveplantedmanytreesonthehillinthelast5years.

fManytreeshavebeenplanted_onthehill_inthelast5years.

③Hehassentmeane-mail.

fIhavebeensentane-mail.

fAne-mailhasbeensenttome.

同步测控•夯实基础•

随堂检测，

I单句语法填空

1.Agreatmanymachineshavebeenproduced(produce)bythefactorysincethe

technologicalrevolution.

2.Greatchangeshavetaken(take)placeinmyhometownandalotoffactories

havebeenset(set)upinthepasttenyears.

3.Inthelastfewyears,thousandsoffilmshavebeenproduced(produce)allovertheworld.

4.Uptonow,alotofhigh-risebuildingshavebeenbuilt(build)inourcity.

5.Overthepastthreeyears,morethan$10millionhasbeenspent(spend)carryingoutthe

project.

6.Therobotshavebeenused(use)tohelphumansdosomedangerousworksincethelate

1990s.

7.TheEnglishsonghasbeensung(sing)formanyyears,butwestilllikeit.

8.ProfessorYanghasbeeninvited(invite)tothefilmfestivaltwicesofar.

9.OvertimeIhavebeenchanged(chaege)quitealot.

10.Ithasbeenused(use)inofficesandhomessincethe1970s.

II句型转换

1.WehavesentsomerocketstospacetoexploretheMoonandMars.

SomerocketshavebeensenttospacebyustoexploretheMoonandMars.

2.RoberthasboughtaniPhoneusinghisownmoney.

AniPhonehasbeenboughtbyRobertusinghisownmoney.

3.Thefamouscompanyhasgiventhecomputersawaytothosehighschools.

Thecomputershavebeengivenawaytothosehighschoolsbythefamouscompany.

4.Thelocalgovernmenthaschosentheuniversitytoorganisethetrainingcourse.

Theuniversityhasbeenchosenbythelocalgovernmenttoorganisethetrainingcourse.

5.Theyhaven'ttoldmethatthemeetingwillbeputoffuntilnextFriday.

Ihaven'beentoldthatthemeetingwillbeputoffuntilnextFriday.

6.Peopleusebambooinmanydifferentwaysforthousandsofyears.

Bamboohasbeanusedinmanydifferentwaysforthousandsofyears.

课时作业，

I单句语法填空

1.Morethan50,000yuanhasbeenraised(aaise)forthepoorfamilysincethegroupwas

founded.

2.China'sspaceprogramhasbeendnveloped(develop)greatlysinceitsentitsfirstastronaut

tospacein2003.

3.Computerscience,withwhichrapidprogresshasbeenmade(make)inrecentyears,playsa

veryimportantpartinourdailylife.

4.Uptonow,morethanfivenewspecieshavebeenfotmd(find)onthisislandby

researchers.

5.BlackFridayhasb〉enragKrded(rvgard)asthebeginningoftheholidayshoppingseason

foryears.

6.Sincetheearly1990s,alotofclinicshavebeenfounded(found)inthiscountrytotreat

poorpeopleforfree.

7.Thebalancebetweenthecityandthecountryhasbeenbrokan(break)bytheindustrial

developmentoverthepasttwocenturies.

8.Someeffortsweremade（make）toimprovetheairqualityinthecitylastwinter.

9.Overthepastthreeyears,thepaintingshavebeentaksn（take）tomorethan20museumsin

theworld.

10.Forcenturies,theancientlanguagehasbeenpasscd（pass）onfromonegenerationto

another.

II阅读理解

Smartphones,tabletsandsmartwatchesarebanned（禁止）at

schoolforallchildrenunder15inFrance.Underthebanstudentsare

notabletousetheirphonesatallduringschoolhours,includingmeal

breaks,

“Ithinkit'sagoodthing.Schoolisnotaboutbeingonyourphone,“Parismum

Marie-CarolineMadeleinetoldAFP."It'shardwithkids.Ybucan'tcontrolwhattheyseeand

thafsoneofthethingsthatworriesmeasaparent.”

ThereisnolawlikethisinAustralia,butsomeAustralianschoolshavebannedphones.

McKinnonSecondarySchoolinVictoriaintroducedatotalbaninFebruaryandPrincipalPitsa

Binnionsaidthishasbeenasuccess.

McKinnonstudentsstillhaveaChromebooktouseineveryclassforday-to-daylearningbut

they'renotallowedtousesocialmedia（媒体）.MsBinnionsaidatfirstteacherscheeredand

studentsmoaned（抱怨），”butnowthey'reseeingthepositives（优势）.“Theycometoschooland

they'renotallowedtousephonesatallduringtheschoolday,includinglunchbreaks,“shesaid.

“It'sbeenwonderfulintermsofstudentscommunicatingwitheachotheratlunchtimeand

notlookingattheirscreen,“shesaid.

MsBinnionalsoleadsbyexampleanddoesn'tusehermobilephoneinschool."Ithink

anyonecandoitifwe'vedoneit.”

Noteveryoneagreeswiththebans.WesternSydneyUniversitytechnologyresearcher

Dr.JoanneOrlandowroteinonlinemagazineTheConversationearlierthisyearthatAustralia

shouldnotbanphonesinschoolsbecauseit'simportanttoeducatekidstoliveintheagetheyare

raisedin.

“Agoodeducationforstudentstodayisknowinghowtousetechnologytolearn,

communicateandworkwithideas,“shewrote.uBanningstudentsfromusingsmartphonesisa

1950sresponsetoa2018state-of-play.

【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了澳大利亚学校是否该禁止学生使用手机。

1.WhydidMadeleinewelcometheban?

A.Schoolisforstudying.

B.Kidsbehavebadlynowadays.

C.Teachersfindithardtocontrolkids.

D.Herkidsdependtoomuchonphones.

A解析：推理判断题。由第二段中的Schoolisnotaboutbeingonyourphone可知，

Madeleine认为学校不是玩手机的地方，言外之意就是学校是学习的地方。

2.WhatcanwelearnaboutthebaninMcKinnonSecondarySchool?

A.Someteacherswereagainstitatfirst.

B・Studentscannowseethegoodoftheban.

C.Studentscanusetheirphonesatlunchbreaks.

D.Teachershavestoppedusingphonesatschoolaswell.

B解析：推理判断题。由第四段中的thishasbeenasuccess和第五段中的nowthey're

seeingthepositives可知，学生们起初抱怨，但现在都看到了这一^令的好处。

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Chromebook“inParagraph5probablyreferto?

A.Abook.B.Anotebook.

C.Alearningwebsite.D.Akindofcomputer.

D解析：词义猜测题。由第一段中的Smartphones,tabletsandsmartwatches和第五段中

的forday-to-daylearningbutthey9renotallowedtousesocialmedia（媒体）可知，画线词应该指

的是一种电脑。学生们学习可以用，但是不允许使用社交网络。

4.WhatdoesDr.JoanneOrlandothinkofbanningphonesinschools?

A.Itwilldisconnectparentsandkids.

B.Itwillcausekidstocommunicateless.

C.Itwillpreventkidsbeingtech-minded.

D.Itwillmakeeducationgoback60years.

C解析：推理判断题。由倒数第一、二段可知，Dr.JoanneOrlando认为现在是科技时

代，就应该让学生与时代接轨，禁止学生使用手机不符合这个时代的特征。

III七选五

Studieshaveshownthatabout30%ofthechildreninAmericaaged6to19areeither

overweightorobese（月巴月半的）.1.Besides,thesituationinthecountriesoftheEuropean

Unionissimilar.

Ifyouaregainingweight,itdoesnotalwaysmeanthatyouarebecomingobese.Afterall,

childrenandyoungadultsneednutrientstogrow.2.However,ifyoubeginputtingon

toomuchweight,youmaybeontheroadtoobesity.

3.Genesareoneofthefactorsthatcanleadtoit.Genesdeterminehowyourbody

storesfoodandhowwellitturnsfoodintoenergy.Yourgenescomefromyourparents,so

overweightparentsaremorelikelytohaveoverweightchildren.

Althoughyoumayhavegoodgenes,youcanstillbecomeobese.Infact,thelackofphysical

exercisecanalsocauseobesity.4.Forexample,comparedwithgoingoutsideanddoing

somephysicalactivities,childrennowprefertositstillforhoursinfrontofcomputersorTVs.

Manyofuseatuptofourmealsadaythankstoexcessive(过度的)snacking.Andwhenwe

haveasnack,wemaydon'tconsidereatingfruits.Butthisisnotalwaysthechildren,s

fault.5.________

A.Fastfoodisanotherreasonforobesity.

B.Butwhatmaycausechildhoodobesity?

C.ThatisalmostoneoutofthreeyoungAmericans.

D.Thisincreasestheirchancesofbecomingoverweight.

E.Soitisnormalforthemtogainweightastimegoeson.

F.Nowadays,ourfreetimeactivitieshavegreatlychanged.

G.Afterall,therearemanystoresofferingallkindsofsnacksnearschools.

【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要陈述了造成青少年肥胖的几点因素。

1.C解析：此空设于段中，与前文存在逻辑上的指代关系。本句中的That指代的是

前文中提至〔J的数据30%ofthechildreno

2.E解析：此空设于段中，与前文之间存在逻辑上的因果关系。前文陈述：毕竟，孩

子和青少年需要营养来成长，此句进一步论述，所以对于他们来说，随着时间的流逝，体重

增长是正常的。

3.B解析：此空设于段首，是本段的主题句。本段后面都是围绕此句展开说明基因是

导致肥胖的一个原因。

4.F解析：此空设于段中，与后文存在逻辑上的解释关系。此句说如今，人们的自由

活动已经在很大程度上改变了，后面就这一点举例说明。

5.G解析：此空设于段尾，对前一句进行解释。前一句说孩子们爱吃零食，这并不总

是他们的错，此句进一步解释说明：毕竟，在学校周围有很多提供各种各样零食的商店。

IV语法填空

Itookashortflighttheotherday.Thepassengersontheplane1.(offer)an

in-flightsnack-asandwichwhichcontaineddairyandmeat.SinceI2.(feel)totally

fullatthattimeoftheday,Iputitinmybag.Ihopedlaterthatday,Imaycomeacrossahomeless

person,to3.____________thissandwichmaymeanhisonlymeal.

Well,Ididcomeacrossahomelessmanlaterthatday.Thatmanwaswith

4.(he)dogBella.WhenIgavehim5.sandwich,Inoticedhissmile

ashewasopeningthesandwich.Hesharedit6.Bella.Theystarte