人教版英语八年级上册第三单元Unit3知识点讲练

/八年级上册Unit3SectionAPage171.两个事物进行比拟可以用形容词或副词的比拟级表达：(1)A+be+形容词比拟级+than+B(A比B更…)JaneistallerthanKate.(2)A+动词+副词比拟级+than+B(A比B更…)JanerunsfasterthanKate.2.形容词的比拟级的构成。(1)比拟级一般在形容词后加_________,如：tall—taller,short—shorter,old—older(2)以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词,应该_______________________,如：funny—funnier,heavy—heavier.单音节词除外,如:shy—shyer(3)如果只有一个元音字母,并且后有一个辅音字母结尾,应该___________________________,如：big—bigger,thin—thinner(4)多音节词的比拟级,应该___________________,如：outgoing—moreoutgoing,beautiful—morebeautiful(5)不规那么词的变化需要死记：good/well___________;bad/ill--____________,many/much_________;little________;far--_______3.(1)both….and….表“两者都〞,连接两个主语时视为复数。如：BothyouorI______right.(be)你和我都是对的(2)either...or…表“要么…要么…〞,连接两个主语时,谓语动词遵守就近原那么。如：EitheryouorI______right.(be)要么你要么我是对的4.both表“两者都〞,all表“多者都〞题：_______ofmyparentsareteachers.Weare________inChina.5.playthedrums打鼓〔乐器前要加the,drum要用复数,架子鼓不止一个〕6.heavy(1)重的(2)胖的,同义词为fat,反义词为thin.7.反义疑问句：前面是陈述句,用来表达自己的观点,后面反问对方以证实自己的观点。根本规律为前肯后否,前否后肯。后面的附加疑问句的构成与改一般疑问句的方法相同。如：①Heisn’tateacher,___________?②Shecandance,_________?③HelikesEnglish,__________？(1)反义疑问句的答复根据事实用Yes或No来答复,但前否后肯的很容易出错,可改成一般疑问句或前肯后否再作答复。如;Hecan’tsing,___________?(如果他能,怎么答复)_______________(2)this,that和表物的不定代词做主语,用it代替；表人的不定代词用they来代替。Somethingiswrong,__________?EveryonelikesEnglish,_____________?(3)反意疑问句的陈述局部带有little,few,never,hardly,seldom等否认意义的词时,问句局部用肯定式。如：Thereislitterwaterinthecup,__________?(4)反意疑问句的陈述局部含有由un-,im-,in-,dis-,等否认意义的前缀构成的词语时,陈述局部要视为肯定含义,问句局部用否认形式。如：Yourfatherisunhappy,___________?(5)反意疑问句的陈述局部为Idon'tthink+that从句时,从句为否认意义,问句局部的动词和主语仍与that从句保持一致且用肯定式。如：Idon'tthinkthatyoucandoit,__________?〔不用doI?〕(6)陈述局部为Let's……时,因为此句型用来提建议,所以问句局部习惯上用shallwe?如：Let'sgohometogether,shallwe?(7)陈述局部为Letus……时,问句局部习惯上用willyou?形式。如：Letusstoptorest,willyou?(8)陈述局部为祈使句,问句局部可以用willyou和won’tyou。①Pleaseopenthewindow,won’tyou?(肯定祈使句有时也可以用willyou?提问)②Don'tmakeanynoise,willyou?〔否认祈使句只能用willyou?〕SectionAPage181.形容词和副词(1)形容词常译为“的〞。①常放名词前,修饰名词,如：agoodboy②也可以放系动词后做表语,用来描述主语是怎么样的。如：Theboyisgood.(2)副词常译为“…地〞。常放动词后,修饰动词,表“怎样地做某事〞,很多副词以ly结尾,如dowell；runfast；getupearly；talkloudly；speakquietly.2.以ly结尾的副词和形容词,一般前面加more构成比拟级,但early和friendly例外。如：loudly→moreloudly,quietly→morequietly,early→earlier,friendly→friendlier3.同级比拟：表两事物是一样的,形容词和副词用原形。(1)A+be+as+形容词原形+as+B(A和B是一样地…)JaneisastallasKate.(2)A+动词+as+副词原形+as+B(A和B做某事一样地…)TaraworksashardasTina.(3)notas…as=notso…as表“不如...〞,常可以与比拟级转换。如：Janeisnotas/sotallasKate.(Jane不如Kate高。)=KateistallerthanJane.(Kate比Jane更高)3.thesingingcompetition唱歌比赛4.fantastic=great好极了的Itwasfantastic/great5.Which用来问“哪一个〞,答复常用“The+名词+描述性短语〞,如：________onewasLisa?Theonewithshorterhair.(A.WhoB.WhichC.What)6.win(won)赢,后接比赛、名词、奖品做宾语,如：Hewonthegame.Hewonthefirstplace.7.不定式可以放be动词后做表语,表“….是去做某事〞,如Themostimportantthingistolearnsomethingnew.最重要的事是去学新的东西。Theirdreamis_________abridge.(have)Myjobwas_______chickens.(feed)8.learnsomethingnew学习新的东西〔形容词放不定代词后〕9.havefun=enjoyoneself=haveagoodtime玩得开心,过得愉快havefundoingsth.在做某事中过得愉快Wehavefun________English.(learn)SectionAPage191.比拟级的几种特殊用法：(1)“比拟级+and+比拟级〞或“moreandmore+多音节词〞表示“越来越……〞如：①warmerandwarmer②moreandmorebeautiful.(2)“the+比拟级+句子,the+比拟级+句子〞,表示“越……,越……〞。Themorewegettogether,thehappierwe’llbe.我们越多的在一起,我们就越快乐。(3)修饰比拟级的词有：alittle,much,alot,rather,even等,不能用very修饰比拟级Heis______tallerthanme.(A.afewB.alittleC.veryD.many)(4)两个相同对象进行比拟,为了防止重复,常用that来代替前面的单数比拟对象,用those来代替前面的复数比拟对象。TheweatherinBeijingismuchcolderthanthatinHubei.〔that=theweather〕Thetreesaregreenerinthecountryaremuchgreenerthan________inthecity.(5)less与more的转换：MathislessinterestingthanEnglish.(趣味性更少些)=Englishis________interestingthanmath.(6)在比拟级中,theother后接复数名词,表“其它的一些〞；anyother后接单数名词,表“任何其它的一个〞。如：①I’mlouderthantheother______inmyclass.(kid)②I’mtallerthananyother_______inmyclass.(student)(7)the+比拟级+ofthetwo.(the用来特指“比拟…的那一个〞)Heis_____________ofthetwo.(tall)2.hard-working勤奋的；workhard努力地工作；hardwork辛苦的工作Heis______________,hehastodosome__________,buthe___________.SectionBPage201.betalentedin在某方面有天赋Sheistalentedinmusic.2.dothesamethingsasme跟我做相同的事3.true形容词,真实的；truly副词,真地,truth名词,事实①That’s_________.②He_______caresaboutme.③Tellmethe________.4.careabout关心,在乎Nobodycaresaboutme.takecareof=carefor=lookafter照顾Icantakecareofmyself.5.使令动词有：make,let,have,它们都可以表“使、让某人做某事〞,使令动词后接动词原形,即：make/let/havesbdosth.如：①Itmakesme______.(laugh)②Letme______you.(help)③Hehadher______there.(go)6.laughat嘲笑某人It’snotgoodtolaughatothers.SectionBPage211.belike像；looklike看起来像〔强调外表〕Theteacher____________mymothertome.2.beseriousabout对…是严肃认真的I’mseriousaboutthat.3.dosth.together一起做某事Weenjoystudyingtogether.4.句型：It’s+形容词+〔forsb.〕+todosth.表“〔对于某人来说〕去做某事是…的〞。It’snoteasyforme__________friends.(make)It’snotnecessarytobethesame.【总结】it是形式主语,它代替后面的不定式短语。5.makefriendswithsb.和某人交朋友Iwanttomakefriendswithyou.6.aslongas只要Aslongasyoustudyhard,you’llgetgoodgrades.7.bethesameas“与…一样〞,besimilarto“与…相似〞,bedifferentfrom“与…不同〞题：Hiseatinghabitsaren’tthesameasmine.=Hereatinghabitsaremine.8.bringoutthebestinme我最好的方面表现出来9.be/getgoodat擅长,bebe