2022年新高考全国Ⅰ卷英语真题及答案解析

2022年新高考全国I卷英语真题及答案解

析

新高考全国I卷英语试卷真题

本试卷共10页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。

注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、

考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（A）填涂在答题

卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。因笔试不考听

力，选择题从第二部分的“阅读”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。

2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项

的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答

在试卷上。

3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题

目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;

不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁：考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiterature

GradingScale

90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below60,E.

Essays(60%)

Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthegrade

forthiscourse:Essay1=10%;Essay2=15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%

GroupAssignments(30%)

Studentswillworkingroupstocompletefourassignments(作业)during

thecourse.Alltheassignmentswillbesubmittedbytheassigneddate

throughBlackboard,ouronlinelearningandcoursemanagementsystem.

DailyWork/In-ClassWritingsandTests/GroupWork/Homework(10%)

Classactivitieswillvaryfromdaytoday,butstudentsmustbeready

tocompleteshortin-classwritingsortestsdrawndirectlyfromassigned

readingsornotesfromthepreviousclasslecture/discussion,soitis

importanttotakecarefulnotesduringclass.Additionally,fromtimeto

timeIwillassigngroupworktobecompletedinclassorshortassignments

tobecompletedathome,bothofwhichwillbegraded.

LateWork

Anessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedatewilllosealetter

gradeforeachclassperioditislate.Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4th

dayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.Dailyassignmentsnot

completedduringclasswillgetazero.Shortwritingsmissedasaresult

ofanexcusedabsencewillbeaccepted.

21.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?

A.Atextbook.B.Anexampaper.C.Acourseplan.D.Anacademic

article.

22.Howmanypartsisastudentsfinalgrademadeupof?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.

23.Whatwillhappenifyousubmitanessayoneweekafterthedue

date?

A.Youwillreceiveazero.B.Youwilllosealettergrade.

C.Youwillbegivenatest.D.Youwillhavetorewriteit.

B

Likemostofus,Itrytobemindfuloffoodthatgoestowaste.The

arugula(芝麻菜)wastomakeanicegreensalad,roundingoutaroast

chickendinner.ButIendedupworkinglate.Thenfriendscalledwitha

dinnerinvitation.Istuckthechickeninthefreezer.Butasdayspassed,

thearugulawentbad.Evenworse,Ihadunthinkinglyboughtwaytoomuch;

IcouldhavemadesixsaladswithwhatIthrewout.

Inaworldwherenearly800millionpeopleayeargohungry,“food

wastegoesagainstthemoralgrain,〃asElizabethRoytewritesinthis

monthscoverstory.Itsjaw-droppinghowmuchperfectlygoodfoodis

thrownaway一from"ugly”(butquiteeatable)vegetablesrejectedby

grocerstolargeamountsofuneatendishesthrownintorestaurantgarbage

cans.

Producingfoodthatnooneeatswastesthewater,fuel,andother

resourcesusedtogrowit.Thatmakesfoodwasteanenvironmentalproblem.

Infact,Roytewrites,〃iffoodwastewereacountry,itwouldbethethird

largestproducerofgreenhousegasesintheworld.〃

Ifthatshardtounderstand,letskeepitassimpleasthearugula

atthebackofmyrefrigerator.MikeCurtinseesmyarugulastoryallthe

time一butforhim,itsmorelike12bonesofdonatedstrawberries

nearingtheirlastdays.CurtinisCEOofDCCentralKitcheninWashington,

D.C.,whichrecoversfoodandturnsitintohealthymeals.Lastyearit

recoveredmorethan807,500poundsoffoodbytakingdonationsand

collectingblemished（有瑕疵的）producethatotherwisewouldhaverotted

infields.Andthestrawberries?Volunteerswillwash,cut,andfreeze

ordrythemforuseinmealsdowntheroad.

Suchmethodsseemobvious,yetsooftenwejustdontthink."Everyone

canplayapartinreducingwaste,whetherbynotpurchasingmorefood

thannecessaryinyourweeklyshoppingorbyaskingrestaurantstonot

includethesidedishyouwonteat,〃Curtinsays.

24.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingthearugulastory?

A.Wepaylittleattentiontofoodwaste.B.Wewastefood

unintentionallyattimes.

C.Wewastemorevegetablesthanmeat.D.Wehavegoodreasonsfor

wastingfood.

25.Whatisaconsequenceoffoodwasteaccordingtothetest?

A.Moraldecline.B.Environmentalharm.

C.Energyshortage.D.Worldwidestarvation.

26.WhatdoesCurtinscompanydo?

A.Itproduceskitchenequipment.B.Itturnsrottenarugulainto

cleanfuel.

C.IthelpslocalfarmersgrowfruitsD.Itmakesmealsoutofunwanted

food.

27.WhatdoesCurtinsuggestpeopledo?

A.Buyonlywhatisneeded.B.Reducefoodconsumption.

C.Goshoppingonceaweek.D.Eatinrestaurantslessoften.

C

Theelderlyresidents（居民）incarehomesinLondonarebeinggiven

henstolookaftertostopthemfeelinglonely.

Theprojectwasdreamedupbyalocalcharity（慈善组织）toreduce

lonelinessandimproveelderlypeopleswellbeing,Itisalsobeingused

tohelppatientssufferingdementia,aseriousillnessofthemind.Staff

incarehomeshavereportedareductionintheuseofmedicinewherehens

areinuse.

Amongthosetakingpartintheprojectis80-year-oldRuthXavier.

Shesaid:"IusedtokeephenswhenIwasyoungerandhadtopreparetheir

breakfasteachmorningbeforeIwenttoschool.

〃Iliketheprojectalot.Iamdownthereinmywheelchairinthe

morninglettingthehensoutanddownthereagainatnighttoseetheyve

gonetobed.

“Itsgoodtohaveadifferentfocus.Peoplehavebeenbringingtheir

childrenintoseethehensandresidentscomeandsitoutsidetowatch

them.Imenjoyingthecreativeactivities,anditfeelsgreattohavedone

somethinguseful.〃

Therearenow700elderlypeoplelookingafterhensin20carehomes

intheNorthEast,andthecharityhasbeengivenfinancialsupportto

rollitoutcountrywide.

WendyWilson,extracaremanagerat60PenfoldStreet,oneofthefirst

toembarkontheproject,said:"Residentsreallywelcometheideaofthe

projectandthecreativesessions.Wearelookingforwardtothebenefits

andfuntheprojectcanbringtopeoplehere.〃

LynnLewis,directorofNottingHillPathways,said:〃Wearehappy

tobetakingpartintheproject.Itwillreallyhelpconnectourresidents

throughasharedinterestandcreativeactivities.〃

28.Whatisthepurposeoftheproject?

A.Toensureharmonyincarehomes.B.Toprovidepart-timejobsfor

theaged.

C.Toraisemoneyformedicalresearch.D.Topromotetheelderly

peopleswelfare.

29.HowhastheprojectaffectedRuthXavier?

A.Shehaslearnednewlifeskills.B.Shehasgainedasenseof

achievement.

C.Shehasrecoveredhermemory.D.Shehasdevelopedastrong

personality.

30.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"embarkon〃meaninparagraph7?

A.Improve.B.Oppose.C.Begin.D.Evaluate.

31.Whatcanwelearnabouttheprojectfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Itiswellreceived.B.Itneedstobemorecreative.

C.Itishighlyprofitable.D.Ittakesagestoseetheresults.

D

Humanspeechcontainsmorethan2,000differentsounds,fromthe

common〃m〃and〃a〃totherareclicksofsomesouthernAfricanlanguages.

Butwhyarecertainsoundsmorecommonthanothers?Aground-breaking,

five-yearstudyshowsthatdiet-relatedchangesinhumanbiteledtonew

speechsoundsthatarenowfoundinhalftheworldslanguages.

Morethan30yearsago,thescholarCharlesHockettnotedthatspeech

soundscalledlabiodentals,suchas〃f〃and〃v〃，weremorecommoninthe

languagesofsocietiesthatatesofterfoods.Nowateamofresearchers

ledbyDamianBlasiattheUniversityofZurich,Switzerland,hasfound

howandwhythistrendarose.

Theydiscoveredthattheupperandlowerfrontteethofancienthuman

adultswerealigned（对齐），makingithardtoproducelabiodentals,which

areformedbytouchingthelowerliptotheupperteeth.Later,ourjaws

changedtoanoverbitestructure（结构），makingiteasiertoproducesuch

sounds.

Theteamshowedthatthischangeinbitewasconnectedwiththe

developmentofagricultureintheNeolithicperiod.Foodbecameeasier

tochewatthispoint.Thejawbonedidnthavetodoasmuchworkandso

didntgrowtobesolarge.

Analysesofalanguagedatabasealsoconfirmedthattherewasaglobal

changeinthesoundofworldlanguagesaftertheNeolithicage,withthe

useof〃f〃and〃v〃increasingremarkablyduringthelastfewthousandyears.

Thesesoundsarestillnotfoundinthelanguagesofmanyhunter-gatherer

peopletoday.

Thisresearchoverturnsthepopularviewthatallhumanspeechsounds

werepresentwhenhumanbeingsevolvedaround300,000yearsago."Theset

ofspeechsoundsweusehasnotnecessarilyremainedstablesincethe

appearanceofhumanbeings,butratherthehugevarietyofspeechsounds

thatwefindtodayistheproductofacomplexinterplayofthingslike

biologicalchangeandculturalevolution,〃saidStevenMoran,amember

oftheresearchteam.

32.WhichaspectofthehumanspeechsounddoesDamianBlasisresearch

focuson?

A.Itsvariety.B.Itsdistribution.C.Itsquantity.D.Its

development.

33.Whywasitdifficultforancienthumanadultstoproduce

labiodentals?

A.Theyhadfewerupperteeththanlowerteeth.

B.Theycouldnotopenandclosetheirlipseasily.

C.Theirjawswerenotconvenientlystructured.

D.Theirlowerfrontteethwerenotlargeenough.

34.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?

A.Supportingevidencefortheresearchresults.

B.Potentialapplicationoftheresearchfindings.

C.Afurtherexplanationoftheresearchmethods.

D.Areasonabledoubtabouttheresearchprocess.

35.WhatdoesStevenMoransayaboutthesetofhumanspeechsounds?

A.Itiskeytoeffectivecommunication.B.Itcontributesmuchto

culturaldiversity.

C.Itisacomplexanddynamicsystem.D.Itdrivestheevolutionof

humanbeings.

第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中

有两项为多余选项。

FitnessMagazinerecentlyrananarticletitled"FiveReasonstoThank

YourWorkoutPartner.〃Onereasonwas:"Youllactuallyshowupifyouknow

someoneiswaitingforyouatthegym,〃whileanotherread:〃36〃With

aworkoutpartner,youwillincreaseyourtrainingeffortasthereisa

subtle（微妙）competition.

So,howdoyoufindaworkoutpartner?

Firstofall,decidewhatyouwantfromthatperson.37Ordoyoujust

wanttobephysicallyfit,abletomovewithstrengthandflexibility?

Thinkabouttheexercisesyouwouldliketodowithyourworkoutpartner.

Youmightthinkaboutpostingwhatyouarelookingforonsocialmedia,

butitprobablywontresultinausefulresponse.38Ifyouplanonworking

outinagym,thatpersonmustbelongtothesamegym.

Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.

Hernoticeincludedwhatkindoftrainingshewantedtodo,howmanydays

aweekandhowmanyhoursshewantedtospendoneachsession,andher

age.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities,andprovidedher

phonenumber.39

Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.40Overtime,

bothofyouwillbenefit一yourpartnerwillbeabletoliftmoreweights

andyouwillbecomemorephysicallyfit.Thecore（核心）ofyour

relationshipisthatyouwillalwaysbetheretohelpeachother.

A.Yourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward.

B.Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.

C.Youllworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.

D.Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?

E.Howcanyouwriteagood"seekingtrainingpartner"notice?

F.Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.

G.Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处

的最佳选项。

Myhusband,ourchildrenandIhavehadwonderfulcampingexperiences

overthepasttenyears.

Someofour41arefunny,especiallyfromtheearlyyearswhenour

childrenwerelittle.Once,we42alongChalkCreek.Iwas43thatour

15~month-oldboywouldfallintothecreek（小溪）.Itiedaropearound

hiswaisttokeephimneartoourspot.Thatlastedabouttenminutes.

Hewas44,andhiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit.So45tying

himup,Ijustkeptacloseeyeonhim.It46-hedidntendupinthe

creek.Mythree-year-old,however,did.

Anothertime,werentedaboatinVallecitoLake.Theskywasclear

whenwe47,butstormsmoveinfastinthemountains,andthisonequickly

48ourpeacefulmorningtrip.The49pickedupandthunderrolled.My

husbandstoppedfishingto50themotor.Nothing.Hetriedagain.No51.

Wewerestuckinthemiddleofthelakewithadeadmotor.Asweallsat

there52,afishermanpulledup,threwusaropeandtowed（拖）usback.

Wewere53.

Now,everyyearwhenmyhusbandpullsourcamperoutofthegarage,

wearefilledwithasenseof54,wonderingwhatcampingfunand55we

willexperiencenext.

41.A.ideasB.jokesC.memoriesD.discoveries

42.A.campedB.droveC.walkedD.cycled

43.A.annoyedB.surprisedC.disappointedD.worried

44.A.unhurtB.unfortunateC.uncomfortableD.unafraid

45.A.duetoB.insteadofC.apartfromD.asfor

46.A.workedB.happenedC.matteredD.changed

47.A.signedupB.calmeddownC.checkedoutD.headedoff

48.A.arrangedB.interruptedC.completedD.recorded

49.A.windB.noiseC.temperatureD.speed

50.A.findB.hideC.startD.fix

51.A.luckB.answerC.wonderD.signal

52.A.patientlyB.tirelesslyC.doubtfullyD.helplessly

53.A.sorryB.braveC.safeD.right

54.A.reliefB.dutyC.prideD.excitement

55.A.failureB.adventureC.performanceD.conflict

第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

TheChinesegovernmentrecentlyfinalizedaplantosetupaGiant

PandaNationalPark(GPNP).56(cover)anareaaboutthreetimes57size

ofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnational

parksinthecountry.Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificant

numberofareasthat58(be)previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyofthe

existingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority59

(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.

Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetup

nextyear.TheGPNP60（design）toreflecttheguidingprincipleof

^protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity（完整性）ofnaturalecosystems,

preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,61

leavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets（资产）forfuturegenerations^.The

GPNPsmaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparate62

（population）andhomesofgiantpandas,and63（eventual）achieveadesired

levelofpopulationinthewild.

Giantpandasalsoserve64anumbrellaspecies（物种），bringing

protectiontoahostofplantsandanimalsinthesouthwesternand

northwesternpartsofChina.TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestronger

protectionforallthespecies65livewithintheGiantPandaRangeand

significantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.

第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（满分15分）

假定你是校广播站英语节目"TalkandTalk”的负责人李华，请给外教

Caroline写邮件邀请她做一次访谈。内容包括：

1.节目介绍；

2.访谈的时间和话题。

注意：

1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

DearCaroline,

Yourssincerely,

LiHua

第二节（满分25分）

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整

的短文。

Itwasthedayofthebigcross-countryrun.Studentsfromseven

differentprimaryschoolsinandaroundthesmalltownwerewarmingup

andwalkingtheroute（路线）throughthickevergreenforest.

IlookedaroundandfinallyspottedDavid,whowasstandingbyhimself

offtothesidebyafence.Hewassmallfortenyearsold.Hisusualbig

toothysmilewasabsenttoday.Iwalkedoverandaskedhimwhyhewasnt

withtheotherchildren.Hehesitatedandthensaidhehaddecidednot

torun.

Whatwaswrong?Hehadworkedsohardforthisevent!

Iquicklysearchedthecrowdfortheschoolscoachandaskedhimwhat

hadhappened.〃Iwasafraidthatkidsfromotherschoolswouldlaughat

him,〃heexplaineduncomfortably.〃Igavehimthechoicetorunornot,

andlethimdecide.〃

Ibitbackmyfrustration（懊恼）.Iknewthecoachmeantwell一he

thoughthewasdoingtherightthing.AftermakingsurethatDavidcould

runifhewanted,Iturnedtofindhimcomingtowardsme,hissmallbody

rockingfromsidetosideasheswunghisfeetforward.

Davidhadabraindiseasewhichpreventedhimfromwalkingorrunning

likeotherchildren,butatschoolhisclassmatesthoughtofhimasa

regularkid.Healwaysparticipatedtothebestofhisabilityinwhatever

theyweredoing.Thatwaswhynoneofthechildrenthoughtitunusualthat

Davidhaddecidedtojointhecross-countryteam.Itjusttookhimlonger

一that?sall.Davidhadnotmissedasinglepractice,andalthoughhe

alwaysfinishedhisrunlongaftertheotherchildren,hedidalwaysfinish.

Asaspecialeducationteacherattheschool,Iwasfamiliarwiththe

challengesDavidfacedandwasproudofhisstrongdetermination.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答.

Wesatdownnexttoeachother,butDavidwouldntlookatme.

IwatchedasDavidmoveduptothestartinglinewiththeother

runners.

新高考全国I卷英语试卷答案

本试卷共10页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。

注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、

考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题

卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。因笔试不考听

力，选择题从第二部分的“阅读”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。

2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项

的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答

在试卷上。

3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题

目指定区域内相应位置上;如高改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;

不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁：考试结束后，将试卷和符题卡一并交回。

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

1.C2.B3.A4.B5.B6.D7.A8.D9.B10.C11.A12.D13.

C14.A15.C

第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

16.C17.D18.B19.G20.F

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

21.C22.A23.D24.C25.B26.A27.D28.B29.A30.C31.A32.

D33.C34.D35.B

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

36.Covering

37.the

38.were

39.toincrease

40.isdesigned

41.and

42.populations

43.eventually

44.as

45.that

第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（满分15分）

【答案】DearCaroline,

ThisismyfirsttimethatIhaveinvitedyoutoattendourprogram

一TalkandTalk.ItistenyearssinceTalkandTalkwasestablished.This

isanamazingprogramwhereyoucanshareyourideaswithstudents.Now,

whenhavingtroubleinlearningEnglishwell,plentyofstudentsurgeto

knowhowtodealwithit.Asourdistinguishedforeignlanguageteacher,

youraidcanhelpusalot.