专题06 阅读表达-【好题汇编】2024年高考英语一模试题分类汇编北京专用原卷版

专题06阅读表达（一）（204届.北京海淀区.统考一模）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域内作答。Asakid,IdreamedofbecomingamarinebiologistandIlivedoutthisfantasybysettingupaquariums（鱼缸）athome.Then,at20,IwasintroducedtophotographerDavidLiittschwager,whohiredmetohelphimwithamagazineassignmentonmarinelife.David’sassignmentwastodocumenttheamazingbiodiversityfoundintheocean.Myrolewastocollectspeciesforhimtophotograph.Everynight,Iwouldcastafloatinglamp.Likemothsdrawntoaflame,mysteriouscreatureswouldemergefromthedepthsinsearchofthislight.I'dthensetupaquariumstohousethemastheywaitedforDavidtotaketheirshot.ThoseeveningsmademefeelasifIwereonanotherplanet.Ihadneverimaginedsuchstrangelife-formscouldexistinouroceans.ButIdidn'tgraspthetruemagicofwhatwasinfrontofmeuntilIsawthephotographsDavidtook.Thebiggestsurprisewashisimageofababyflounder.Icaughtthisfishbyaccident.OnlylaterdidInoticeitstwotinyeyeballsstaringbackatme.ButDavid'sphotographofthisflounderrevealedauniverseofdetailthatevenmyeagereyeshadmissed.Hismacrolensmagnifieditsribs.Thelightning-fastexposurefrozeitsmotion.Apreciselyaimedlightreleasedtherainbowhiddeninitsskin.Andtheblackbackgroundremovedalldistractionstofocusourattentiononthequietbeautyathand.Yearsafterthatproject,Iwassnorkeling（潜水）onashallowreef.Outofthedarkness,anotherbabyflounderemergedandsettledonmymask.ThistimeIknewwhattolookfor.BeforeworkingforDavid,Ihadassumedthegoalofphotographywassimplytoreproduceanobservationsothatotherscouldsharethesameexperience.Ithadneveroccurredtomethatphotographycouldexpandourvisualperceptionandthereforeteachustoseetheworldanew.Whatwastheauthor'sresponsibilityinDavid’sassignment?______________________________________________________________________________________WhywasDavid'simageofababyflounderthebiggestsurprisetotheauthor?______________________________________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Encounteringababyflounderwhilesnorkelingdeepenedtheauthor’sunderstandingthatphotographycouldreproduceanobservation._______________________________________________________________________________________Whatcanhelpyouseetheworldanew?（Inabout40words）_______________________________________________________________________________________（二）（2024届.北京西城区.统考一模）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域内作答。Inafast-pacedworld,wherestressandmentaltirednessseemcommonplace,we’reconstantlylookingfornewwaystounwind.Peoplemaycarryoutavarietyofactivitiestohelpthemrelax.Butwhataboutthebirdsongsorothernaturesounds?Couldtheyalsohelppeopletoletgoofthetensionsofmodernlife?AccordingtoastudybyKing’sCollegeLondonin2022,seeingorhearingbirdscouldhelptoboostthementalwellbeingofpeople.Takingatriptoplacesrichinbirdlifelikeparks,forestsandcanalsandencounteringbirdssingingtoeachotherinthetreescouldevenhelptotreatsomementalhealthconditions.Andit’snotjustbirdsthatcouldhaveacurativeeffectonourmoods.AnotherstudyconductedbytheNationalTrustcomparedtheeffectsofwoodlandsoundswithvoicedmeditation(冥想)apps.Thestudyfoundlisteningtobirdsongaswellasotherwoodlandsoundslikeleavescrunchingunderfootorthegentleflowofastreamboostedfeelingsofrelaxation30%morethantheappsdo.Othersoundswhichmayhelptocoolpeopledownarewaveslappingontheshore,gentlewind,andlightrainfall.However,notallofusliveinruralsurroundings,anddependingonwherewelive,atriptothecountrysidetoseebirdsmaynotbeanoption.Butcouldthenaturesoundsthatoriginatetherestillhelpyou?AccordingtoresearchbyCaliforniaPolytechnicStateUniversity,evenarecordingofthesoundsofbirdshadaprofoundeffectonpeople’smood,whileotherstudiessawpeoplelisteningtosoundscapesofthecoastandforestswithsimilaroutcomestotheirwellbeing.So,whereveryoulive,youcanaccessthewonderfulsoundsofbirdsandnatureduringastrollthroughawoodorviasomeheadphones.Andmaybelisteningtothechirps,trills,warblesandwhistlesofsomebirdscouldhelpyoutorelaxafteralong,hardday.40.WhatdidthestudybyKing’sCollegeLondonin2022find?_____________________________________________________________________________________41.HowdidtheNationalTrustconductthestudy?_____________________________________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Accordingtothepassage,birdssinging,voicedmeditationappsandtherecordingofthesoundsofnaturehavethesameeffectonpeople’smood._____________________________________________________________________________________43.Besideswhatismentionedinthepassage,whatdoyouusuallydotohelpyourelaxinyourdailylife?(Inabout40words)_____________________________________________________________________________________（三）（2024届.北京东城区等五区.统考一模）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域内作答。Inordertofitinandmakefriendsinanewschool,Amandaobservedhowherclassmatesbehavedandinteractedwitheachother.Gradually,sheperfectlyadoptedthemannerismsoftheclassmatesaroundher,laughingattheirjokes,noddinginagreementwiththeiropinions,hidingherselfintosomeoneshethoughtotherswantedhertobe.We’vealldonethese.Thisissocialmasking,theprocessofholdingbackorhidingournaturalwayofinteractingwithotherssowecanfeelaccepted.Inaworldthatoftentellsustojustbeourselves,youmightwonderwhymanyofusrelyonsocialmasking.“Socialmaskinghappensbecauseweasaspecieswanttobeincluded,”sayspsychologistDiptiTait.“It’satribal(群体的)thingofbeingtogetherratherthanbeingonourown.Weallhavecertainmaskstoprotectourselvesfromexposureanddifference.”Whilemaskingcanhelpusdealwithsocialsituations,itcanalsocomewithnegativeconsequences.Hidingourbehavioursandinterestsconstantlycanleadtoastrongfeelingofseparation,disconnection,andinternalconflict.Asaresult,wemayexperienceaheightenedandincreasedpossibilityofdevelopingdepressionaswestruggletounderstandsocialsituationsandsignsthatotherstakeforgranted.Fortunately,amaskisnotourownskin.Wemayfeelextremelytiredaftersocialengagementsandwanttospendtimealoneinordertofeellikeourselves.“Thegoalistofeelsafeenoughtoremovethemask,”saysTait.“It’scrucialforindividualstoreceiveacceptanceandsupportforwhotheyare,ratherthanfeelingliketheyneedtohidetheirtrueselvesinordertofitin.”40.Whatissocialmasking?_____________________________________________________________41.Whydomanyofusrelyonsocialmasking?_____________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Whenpeoplestruggletounderstandsocialsituationsthatothersconsidernormal,theywillfeellessdepressed._____________________________________________________________43.Inadditiontomasking,whatelsecanyoudotofitinwhenyouareinanewenvironment?(Inabout40words)_____________________________________________________________（四）（2024届.北京石景山区.统考一模）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域内作答。Winningasignificantscienceawardisabigdeal,especiallyifyouare12yearsold.ButMarineGill,agirlfromFresno,California,wonthetopawardintheScientificJuniorInnovatorsChallenge(SIIC)fordesigningafiredetectionsystemsuperiortoexistingones.Marine’sinspirationcamefromafirethatdestroyedarestaurantinherneighbourhoodduringthespringof2023.“Ihadneverreallyexperiencedsomethinglikethatbefore,”shetoldTheWashingtonPostabouttheearlymorningfire,whichstartedinthekitchen.“Theyhadsmokedetectingdevice(设备),andyetitstillburneddown.”Aftershestudiedfirestatistics,Marinespentoverhalfayeardevelopingafiredetectionsystemthatcouldhavepreventedthefire.Unliketraditionalsmokedetectorsthatsenseactivefiresfromthesmokeintheair,Marine’sthermal(热的)imagingdeviceisdesignedtostopfiresfromoccurring.Withathermalcameraandatinycomputer,thedevicedetectswhenaheatsourcehasbeenleftunattendedfortenminutesandsendsatextmessagewarning.Thehardestpartwastheprogramming.“Ihadtwodesigns,andmyfirstdesigncompletelyfailed.ItwasareallybigchallengeIhadtogothrough,”shesaid.Thefinaldeviceoutperformstraditionalsmokedetectorsinspeedandaccuracy.Marinewantstobringthecostsdowntomakeitevenmorecommonthanhardwiredsmokedetectors.“Thetopwinnershave,exhibitedboundlesspossibility,”MayaFranklin,presidentofSocietyforScience,saidinthepressrelease.“Theirremarkableresearchnotonlyreflectstheirtalentbutalsoputsasteppingstonetoanexcitingnewfuture.”40.WhatdesignwonMarineGillthetopawardintheSJIC?______________________________________________________________41.FromwheredidMarinedrawinspirationforthedesign?______________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Unliketraditionalsmokedetectors,Marine’sthermalimagingdeviceisdesignedtosenseactivefiresfromthesmokeintheair.______________________________________________________________43.WhatisthemainqualitythathasmadeMarineatopwinner?Why?(Inabout40words)______________________________________________________________（五）（2024届.北京房山区.统考一模）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。Asthesayinggoes,“timewaitsfornoman”.Timeisalwaysagainstus,andwejustcan’tstopit.Maybethat’swhysomeofusarealwaysrunninglateforappointments.Butiftimekeepingisnotwhatyou’regoodat,don’tstress.Theremightbeagoodreasonforyourlackofpunctuality.People’sattitudestobeingontimevary.Someclock-watchandmakesurethey’rebangontimeforameeting.Itis,afterall,rudetobelate,andifyoucanmakeitontime,whycan’teveryoneelse?Butif,likeme,youwanttomakeeverysecondcount,youmighttrytosqueezeasmuchasyoucanintothetimeyouhaveavailable.However,whenyourscheduledoesn’truntoplan,yourpunctualityinevitablyslips.Peoplewholackpromptnesshavebeendescribedas“timebenders”.AuthorGracePacietoldtheBBCthat“they’rethepeoplewhodon’twanttobelate,buttheyhaveastrangeresistancetobeingearly,andtheydon’tallowenoughtime.”Theyassumetheirjourneytoanappointmentwillalwaysgosmoothly,andthetrainwillalwaysbeontime!Perceptionsofunpunctualpeoplearealmostalwaysnegative—evenifsometimeswrong.Expertssay:Beingconsistentlylatemightnotbeyourfault.Itcouldbeyourtype.Thepunctually-challengedoftensharepersonalitycharacteristics,suchasoptimism,lowlevelsofself-control,anxiety,orapenchantforthrill-seeking.Itisalsopossiblepeoplearelatesonottobeconspicuousandtoavoidtheanxiouswaitforotherstoturnup.MaybewelatecomersshouldmakemoreofaneffortandfollowtheadviceIheardtonot“try”tobeontimebut“decide”tobeontime40.Whatdoes“timebenders”referto?_______________________________________________________________________________41.Whatarethepersonalitycharacteristicsoftimebenders?_______________________________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.AccordingtoGracePacie,timebendersdon’tcareaboutbeinglatesotheydon’tallowenoughtime._______________________________________________________________________________43.Whatdoyouusuallydotobeontime?(Inabout40words)_______________________________________________________________________________（六）（2024届.北京延庆.统考一模）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。Anxietyisnotdeadly,becausebeingabletofeelanxiousshowsthatourfight-or-flightsystemisoperational,whichisanindicatorofbrainandsensoryhealth.Onceweacceptthatbeinganxiousisanormalpartoflife,wecanuseittoourbenefit.Anxietycanhelpbuildouremotionalstrength.Ifwewanttobuildemotionalstrength,weneedtofacesomedegreeofmentalstress.Ofcourse,unpleasantandabusetendtocausemoreharmthangood,buttheexperienceofoccasionalanxiety,stress,andtensionsubstantiallyincreasesouremotionalcourage.Anxietycanincreaseyouremotionalconnection.Clinicalsciencehasidentifiedthatsharingouranxietieswithourlovedonesisoneofthemosteffectivestrategiestobuildconnection.Whenmypatientslearntoopenupandsharetheiranxietieswiththeirpartners,theyalmostalwaysreportagreatersenseofemotionalconnection.Anxietycanhelpusrebalance.Whenwefeelgenuinelyanxiousbecauseofstress,it’sourbody’swayoftellingustorebalance.Nobodyistrulylimitless.Whenwepayattentiontoourinternalcuesandacknowledgeourweaknesses,weemergemorefocusedandhealthieroverallandalsolessstressedandanxious.Anxietycanbeahealthy,helpfulemotionthatisaconstructiveaspectofhumanlife.Whenitcomestooccasionalexperienceofanxiety,itcanemotionallyhelpboostourcourage.Itcanalsobuildupemotionalconnectionwhenweexpressoursensitivefeelingstoothers.Andintheformofstress,itcanserveasaninternalindicatortoremainbalancedandhealthy.Nowit’shightimewestartedputtingittogooduse．40.Whyisanxietynotdeadly?____________________________________________________________________________________________41.Whencananxietyincreaseouremotionalconnection?____________________________________________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy?Whenwepayattentiontoourinternalcuesandacknowledgeourweaknesses,weemergemorefocusedandhealthieroverallandalsomorestressedandanxious．____________________________________________________________________________________________43.Asastudent,howdoyoumakeuseoftestanxietytohelpyoubebetterpreparedforexams?(Inabout40words)____________________________________________________________________________________________（七）（2024届.北京门头沟.统考一模）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Thefirstpairsofjeansweredesignedforblue-collarworkers.Overthecourseofthe20thcentury,theworking-classpantshavetransformedintofashioniconsandbecomepopulararoundtheworld.However,eachnewpairyoubuyhasamuchhighercostthanyoumightthink.Everypairofjeanstakesabout0.7kilogramsofcotton.Growingthismuchcottonrequiresroughly10,000litersofwater,nottomentionvariousherbicidesandpesticides,whichcanpollutegroundwater.Typically,plasticfibersaremixedwithcottonthreadstoincreasecomfortandflexibility.Inordertodyethecloth,chemicalspraysandseveralcyclesofacid-washingareadopted,dischargingtoxicpollutantsintoriversandeventurnthemintoindigo-blue.Also,therearethe