2022-2023学年安徽省池州市贵池区乌沙中学高三英语上学期期末试卷含解析

2022-2023学年安徽省池州市贵池区乌沙中学高三英语上学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.Awell-writtencomposition_______agoodchoiceofwordsandclearorganizationamongotherthings.

A.callson

B.callsfor

C.callsup

D.callsoff参考答案：B2.—CanIhelpyou?

—Yes,I’mlookingforapen.

—Wehavesomenewarrivalsforyouto______

A.select B.choose C.pickout D.choosefrom参考答案：D3."Chinesedama",agroupmainly_______ofmarriedwomenbetween40and60,_______theattentionofthepublicforthefirsttimein2013.A.consisted;grabbing B.consisting;grabbingC.consisting;grabbed D.consisted;grabbed参考答案：C【分析】考查非谓语动词的现在分词和时态。【详解】句意："中国大妈"，一群主要由已婚的年龄在40到60岁之间的妇女组成，在2013年第一次吸引了公众的注意力。第一空：agroup与consist之间是主谓关系，用现在分词短语作定语修饰agroup，表示主动关系时要使用现在分词，而过去分词表示被动，故排除A、D项；第二空：句中缺少谓语，根据时间状语in2013，要用一般过去时态，排除B项，故选C。【点睛】非谓语动词中的现在分词主要起形容词和副词的作用，在句中作定语、表语、补语或状语，弄清楚现在分词的构成，时态与语态，然后根据题意及上下文选择最合适的答案．比如题中第一空：agroup与consist之间是主谓关系，用现在分词短语作定语来修饰agroup，表示主动关系时要使用现在分词，而用过去分词表示被动。

4.It’sonlysixo’clocknow;LittleTomshouldbeup,though,becausehe_____forninehours.A.hasbeensleeping

B.hadbeensleeping

C.hasslept

D.hadslept参考答案：A略5.PresidentXiaddressedon50yearsChina—Francetiestocelebratethe50thanniversaryofthe____ofdiplomaticrelationsbetweenChinaandFrance.A.assignment B.distribution C.establishment D.acquaintance参考答案：C6.WhatmademesadwasthatIwenttoseeherthedaybeforeyesterday_________herdeadonherbed.

A.tofind

B.finding

C.found

D.find参考答案：A略7.Thefarmaswellasitsneighboringhillsweoncespentsomuchtimeon____onanewlookasrecentlyaslastyear.A.havingtaken

B.istaken

C.taking

D.

hastaken参考答案：D8.

----Hi,youtwo!

Whatareyoutalkingabout?----We'retalkingaboutthe

ourEnglishteachertookofwhatwediscussedattheclassmeetinglasttime.

A.notice

B.difficulty

C.part

D.trouble参考答案：A9.Myhighschoolfriend，

Ihaven’tseenfor20years，isnolongerhewas．

A．who，that

B．which，that

C．whom，what

D．that，what参考答案：C略10.Betweenthetwogenerations,itisoftennottheirage,_________theireducationthatcausesmisunderstanding.

A.like

B.as

C.or

D.but

参考答案：D

解析：not...but...意为“不是……而是……”。itis...that...构成强调句,对“theirage,buttheireducation”进行强调,表示“不是他们的年龄而是他们的教育引起误解”。like意为“像……那样,和……一样”；as意为“作为,当……的时候”；or意为“或,或者,还是,抑或是”。11.Justastrustisthekeytoallrelationships,______istrusttheglueoforganizations.A.but

B.so

C.and

D.yet参考答案：B【详解】考查部分倒装。A.but但是；B.so确实如此；C.and和；D.yet然而。句意：正如信任是所有关系的关键，信任也是组织的粘合剂。当要表示前面提出的某一肯定的情况也同样适合于后者，通常就要用“So+助动词+主语”这种倒装结构，故选B。【点睛】“So+助动词+主语”倒装：当要表示前面提出的某一肯定的情况也同样适合于后者，通常就要用“So+助动词+主语”这种倒装结构：如：YouareyoungandsoamI.你年轻，我也年轻。注：（1）若前面提出某一否定的情况，要表示后者也属于同样的否定情况，则应将其中的so改为neither或nor：如：Youaren''tyoungandneitheramI.你不年轻，我也不年轻。（2）注意该结构与表示强调或同意的“so+主语+特殊动词”结构的区别：如："Itwascoldyesterday.""Soitwas."“昨天很冷。”“的确很冷。”12.Asmanyas20dishesareprovidedinthedininghalltoday,choose

_suitsyoubest．A．whatever

B．wheneverC．whichever

D．wherever参考答案：C【考点】考查连词的用法。句意：今天餐厅提供了多达20多道菜，选择适合你的任何一道菜。whatever不管什么；whenever无论何时；whichever无论哪一个；wherever无论何时。根据前文设定了20道菜，应是选择“哪一个”。故选C。13.一DoyouknowwhyChrisdecidedtoleavethecompany?一Heheldoutforhigherwages，whichwere_____intheend.A．putaway

B．brokendown

C．brokenaway

D．turneddown参考答案：D略14.AccordingtoGlobalBlue,atax-freeshoppingconsultancy,Chineseshoppersweresaidtobethebiggestoverseasspendersintheyear2013,eachcustomer_________anaverageof￡1,367per

transaction.

A.spent

B.tospend

C.spending

D.hasspent参考答案：C15.

Thecountry’srailsystemhaslaunchedonlineticket-bookingandareal-nameticketpurchasingsystem,__________requiredpassengerstoprovidetheirIDnumberswhenbuyingtickets.A.that

B.which

C.where

D.what参考答案：B16.

gotonthetrainwhenitbegantomove.

A．NosoonerhadI

B．Ihadnosooner

C．HardlyhadI

D．Ihardlyhad参考答案：C17.Ihadgreatdifficulty

thesuitablefoodonthemenuinthatrestaurant.A.find

B.found

C.tofind

D.finding参考答案：D考点：固定词组解析：havedifficulty(in)doingsth.做某事有困难。二、新的题型18.ThebookABigFatCrisis:TheHiddenForcesBehindObesityandHowWeCanEndItbyDeborahCohen,aseniornaturalscientist,isverypopularnow.__36___Butaccordingtothisbook,thefollowingaresomemisunderstandingsofobesityorbeingoverweight.1.Ifyou'reobese,blameyourgenes.___37__Yet,between1980and2000,thenumberofAmericanswhoareobesehasdoubled-----tooquicklyforgeneticfactorstoberesponsible.Atrestaurants,adollarputsmorecaloriesonourplatesthaneverbefore,becauserestaurantmealsusuallyhavemorecaloriesthanwhatweprepareathome,sopeoplewhoeatoutmorefrequentlyhavehigherratesofobesitythanthosewhoeatoutless.2.Ifyou'reobese,youlackself-control.Researchshowsthatifwearefacedwithtoomuchinformation,wehaveatendencytomakepoorchoicesondiet.___38___Eventhemostvigilant（警觉的）peoplemaynotbegoodcontrollersofthemselves.3.__39____AlthoughtheUSDepartmentofAgricultureestimatesthatfewerthan5percentofAmericansliveinthe"fooddeserts",about65percentofthenation'spopulationisobese.Formostofus,obesityisnotrelatedtoaccesstomorefreshfruitsandvegetables,buttothechoiceswemakeinsupermarkets.3.Theproblemisnotthatweeattoomuch,butthatwedon'texercise.MichelleObama's"Let’sMove"campaignisbasedontheideathatifkidsexercisemore,childhoodobesityrateswilldecrease.__40___Infact,althoughadropinwork-relatedphysicalactivitymayexplainupto100fewercaloriesburned,leisurephysicalactivityappearstohaveincreased.A.Lackofaccesstofreshfruitsandvegetablesisacauseofobesity.B.Obesityrateshaveincreased.C.Freshfruitsandvegetableswechooseinasupermarketarerelatedtoobesity.D.Buttherewasnoobviousdecreaseinphysicalactivitylevelsasobesityratesclimbedinthe1980sand1990s.E.Peopleholddifferentviewsonobesity.F.Peoplebenefitalotfromphysicalactivities.G.Ourworldhasbecomesorichinfoodthatwecanbeledtoconsumetoomuchinwayswecan'tunderstand.参考答案：36.E37.B38.G39.A40.D试题分析：肥胖是现代社会的主要问题之一。DeborahCohen的《ABigFatCrisis:TheHiddenForcesBehindObesityandHowWeCanEndIt》一书中，作者介绍了人们对肥胖问题的几种误解。36.E根据下句由转折意义的内容“Butaccordingtothisbook,thefollowingaresomemisunderstandingsofobesityorbeingoverweight.”（但该书认为下面几点是关于肥胖的几点误解）可知，人们对肥胖问题观点不一，故E项正确。【名师点睛】

在答题中，应首先略读一下短文，了解一下短文的大致意思，本文讲到三样东西是你生活中不可缺少的，外貌你不可选择，但你可以用一些方法让自己变得更聪明。然后把几个选项含义理解透，尤其注意意思相近，表达有交叉的选项之间的区别。然后再细读短文，把答案填入合适位置。答题时可以把含义相近的几个选项轮流填入同一处位置，反复阅读，反复体会，找出最佳选项，对于实在没有把握的小题可以留待最后完成。完成短文后，再认真通读一遍全文，看看上下语意是否通顺，是否符合逻辑关系。比如：本文第36小题，根据下句由转折意义的内容“Butaccordingtothisbook,thefollowingaresomemisunderstandingsofobesityorbeingoverweight.”（但该书认为下面几点是关于肥胖的几点误解）可知，人们对肥胖问题观点不一，故E项正确。

另外，做题时要注意文章的首段和每一段的首句或尾句，因为它们往往就是文章的主题句。阅读中要注意要点之间的关系。比如：文章小题38，根据上句“Researchshowsthatifwearefacedwithtoomuchinformation,wehaveatendencytomakepoorchoicesondiet.”（研究表明，如果我们面临太多信息，我们很可能会就节食作出糟糕的选择）可知，该句应表示“我们现在的食物如此丰富以致于我们会被引导以自己难以想象的方式去消耗食物”，故选G项。三、阅读理解19.Acreditcardthatwon'tworkunlessitsowner'svoiceisheardmaybecomeanimportantweaponinthefightagainsteconomicfraud(款诈).Thecardusingabuilt-invoice-recognitionchiprequiresuserstogiveaspokenpasswordthatitrecognizes.TheideaistopreventLhievesfromusingastolencardtobuygoodsonline.AmodelbuiltbyengineersinCaliforniapacksamicrophone,aloudspeaker,abatteryandavoice-recognitionchipintoastandard-sizedcreditcard.Thecardisthelengthandwidthofanordinarycreditcardbutaboutthreetimesasthick.Thecompanynowplanstomakeitthinner.ThevoicecardisbasedonanearlierBeepcardtechnologydesignedtopreventfraudinonlinedeals.TheBeepcardhasnomicrophone,buthasabuilt-inloudspeakertoutteranaudible(听得见的)IDsignalbyacomputer'smicrophonetoanonlineserverc服务器).Byconfirmingthatsignalmatchestheinformationinthecard,theservercanmakesurethattheuserisnotsimplykeyinginacreditcardnumberbutactuallyhasthecardinhishand.

TheIDcode,whichonlytheserverknows,changeseachtimethecardisused.Thispreventsfraudstersrecordingthebeeps,notingthecarddetailsandthenplayingbacktheaudibleIDwhentheykeyinthedetailslater.ButthisearlierBeepcardtechnologycannotpreventillegaluseofstolencards.Thenewvoicecardcan.Thenewvoicecarddoesn'tidentifyitselfbyitslDuntilithasconfirmedtherealuser'sspokenpassword.

Thieveswillbeunabletousethecardbecauseeveniftheyknewthepasswordtheywouldhavetobeabletocopytheowner'svoicewithahighdegreeofaccuracy.ThechallengeforBeepcardhasbeentodevelopvoice-recognitionandaudiocircuitry(芦音电路).Thevoice-recognitioncreditispoweredbyaminibattery.Toextendbatterlife,theelectronicshaveonlytobeswitchedonwhenthecardisbeingused.Pressingabuttononthecard'ssurfaceallowsonetohearafemalevoicesaying,"Sayyourpassword."Ifthevoicerecognitionsoftwareprovesthatthepasswor