湖南省岳阳市铅锌矿二校2022-2023学年高三英语下学期期末试卷含解析

湖南省岳阳市铅锌矿二校2022-2023学年高三英语下学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.John________intheUnitedStatesfordecades,butinthelastyearshehasalreadyadaptedtolivinginChina.A.wasliving B.hadlivedC.haslived D.Lived参考答案：D试题分析：考查过去式。句意：约翰在美国生活了很多年，但在最近这几年中他已经适应了在中国的生活。根据时间状语fordecades可知是过去的事情，故选D项。考点：考查过去式2.Thegovernmenthastakenmeasures

airquality.

A．toimprove

B．improved

C．beingimproved

D．tobeimproved参考答案：A略3._____,he’shonest.

A.Asheispoor

B.Poorishe

C.Poorasheis

D.Poorasishe参考答案：C4.—Areyougoingtohelphim?

—Why

___Ihelphim?He'sneverdoneanythingforme．

A．would

B．could

C．might

D．should参考答案：D略5.Scottreceivedabighugfromhismother______steppingoutofthetaxi．A．in

B．at

C.on

D．from参考答案：C6.Manypeoplebelieveweareheadingforenvironmentaldisaster________webasicallychangethewaywelive.A.but

B.although

C.unless

D.if参考答案：C7.--Let’sgotherebytaxi.

--It’snotfarfromhere,Iprefer________.

A.walkingtotakeataxi

B.towalkratherthantakeataxi

C.walktotakingthetaxi

D.towalkratherthantotakeataxi参考答案：B略8.Davidgotwell-preparedfortheuniversityinterview,forhecouldn’triskthegoodopportunity________.A.tolose

B.losing

C.tobelost

D.beinglost参考答案：D9.Teachersoftenimpressontheirstudentsthatawell-writtencomposition

agoodchoiceofwordsandclearorganizationamongotherthings.A.callson

B.callsfor

C.callsup

D.callsoff参考答案：B10.Ihavetogotoworkbytaxibecausemycar

atthegarage.

A．willberepaired

B．isrepaired

C．isbeingrepaired

D．hasbeenrepaired参考答案：C．解析：考查被动语态。根据题意可以看出我不得不走着去上班是因为我的车子正在修理中。11.

—CouldyouturntheTVdownalittlebit?—________.Isitdisturbingyou?A.Takeiteasy.

B.I’msorry.

C.Notabit

D.Itdepends参考答案：B解析：第一句问“你能不能把收音机声音关小一点？”，第二句回答“对不起，打扰你了吧？”。takeiteasy别着急，慢慢来；notabit一点也不；Itdepends看情况12.Howlucky!Theboyhada________escapewhenheranacrosstheroadinfrontofthebus.A.fine B.short C.close D.narrow参考答案：D【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多么幸运！当那个男孩在公共汽车前面跑过马路时，他能死里逃生。A.fine好的，精美的，晴朗的；B.short短的，不足的；C.close紧密的，亲密的；D.narrow狭窄的，有限的，勉强的。短语anarrowescape死里逃生，是一个固定表达。故选D。13.Hehasn’tgotanyhobbies---_______youcallwatchingTVahobby.A.If

B.Unless

C.When

D.Since参考答案：B14.

Thatshehadn'tkepther____onherworkresultedinthefailure．

A．head

B．heart

C．brain

D．mind参考答案：D15._____whathisparentsthink,heisleavinghomeforanewjobinabigcity.A.Regardlessof

B.Insteadof

C.Intermsof

D.Lackof参考答案：A

16.Beijing______somestrongwinds,withdustblowingat20meterspersecondinthecapitalthesedays.

A.sees

B.saw

C.isseeing

D.wasseeing参考答案：C17.Hehurriedtothestationonly_______thatthetrainhadleft.A.tofind B.finding C.found D.tohavefound参考答案：A试题分析：考查动词不定式做结果状语。根据句意可知，空白处表示一个意想不到的结果，因此用“only＋不定式”表示，又因句子的主语和find之间为主谓关系，因此用不定式的主动式。【知识拓展】现在分词与动词不定式做结果状语的区别1.不定式做结果状语通常表示的是一个未曾料到的不愉快的结果。Tomgottothestationonlytofindthetrainhadgone.汤姆到达车站，却发现火车已经开走了。Marryhurriedbackonlytofindhermotherdyinginthehospital.玛丽匆忙赶了回来，结果却发现她母亲在医院里奄奄一息。2.作为结果状语的现在分词短语所表示的都是谓语动词的直接结果，是意料中的结果。Itrainedheavily,causingseverefloodinginthatcountry.大雨滂沱，造成了那个国家洪水泛滥。Hecutofftheelectricityquickly,preventinganaccident.他迅速切断了电源，防止了一起意外事故。Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,makingitthemostpopularsportsintheworld.有80个国家踢欧式足球，这使得它成为世界上最流行的体育活动。欧式足球成为世界上最流行的体育活动是众多国家踢欧式足球是直接的意料中的自然而然的结果，决非是出乎意料之外的事。因此，这道题答案只能是making.考点：考查动词不定式做结果状语二、新的题型18.IsNew-carSmellBadforYourHealth?Thesmellofanewcarcanbeappealinginshowrooms,forwhichthere’sagoodreason.Thatnewcarsmellcomesfromamixtureofchemicals,someofwhichcanbehighlypoisonous.___67___Manyofthesecontainvolatile(挥发性的)organiccompounds(VOCs),someofwhichcanbedeadlyinsufficientquantities.Othersarejustbadforyou.“It’sachemicalcocktailmadeupoflotsofpoisonoussubstances,”saidJeffGearhart,ResearchDirectoroftheEcologyCenterintheUSstateofMichigan.TheEcologyCenterhasbeenmonitoringandtestingchemicallevelsintheinsideofthecarforyears,andhasnotedsomeimprovement.ButGearhartsaysthereisstillworktobedone.“Thereareover200chemicalcompoundsfoundinvehicles,”hesaid.“Sincethesechemicalsarenotregulated,consumershavenowayofknowingthedangerstheyface.”___68___Immediatesymptomscanrangefromasorethroattoheadaches,dizziness,etc.,dependingonthesensitivityofanindividual.AccordingtotheUSEnvironmentalProtectionAgency,continuedexposuretosomeofthesecanleadtoreproductiveimpactsanddamagetosomeorgansandcentralnervoussystem—orevencancer.___69___Thedangeristhegreatestwhenthecarisnew,andthatnewcarsmellismostnoticeable.___70___Itisthereleaseofchemicalvapours,whichleadstothesmell.Heatfromavehicleleftinthesuncanmakemattersworse,andspeedupthechemicalreaction.Thedangerisreducedovertime,andexpertssaytheworstisusuallyoverwithinaboutsixmonths.Expertsadvisethebestthingthatbuyerscandotolimitexposureistokeeptheinsideofthecarwellventilated(通风的),especiallyduringthefirstsixmonthsofownership.Parkintheshadewiththewindowsopenwhenit’ssafetodoso,oratleasttrytoairitoutbeforegettinginside—especiallyonhotdays.A.It’sthatlong-termexposurethatexpertsfindmostworrisome.B.Carmanufacturersareunawareofstandardsregulatingairqualityinsidenewcars.C.Thisiswhencomponentsarestillunstableandtendtowardswhatiscalledoff-gassing.D.Justreadingalistofthesubstancesisscaryenough,andthedangerofexposureisscarierstill.E.Thesourceofthesmellsomanybuyersfindappealingisinthevarioussubstancesusedincarconstruction.F.Fortunately,highconcentrationsofthesecompoundsgraduallydisappearjustafewmonthsaftermanufacture.参考答案：67.E

68.D

69.A

70.C本文是一篇说明文。介绍了新车对健康的危害及应对措施，新车气味来自化学物质的混合物，其中一些化学物质可能剧毒。【67题详解】下文提示“其中许多含有挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)，其中一些在足够的量下是致命的。”承接下文，E项Thesourceofthesmellsomanybuyersfindappealingisinthevarioussubstancesusedincarconstruction.（许多买家觉得这种气味很吸引人的地方在于汽车制造中使用的各种物质。）切题。故选E。【68题详解】下文“根据个人的敏感程度，立即出现的症状包括喉咙痛、头痛、头晕等。”承接下文，D项Justreadingalistofthesubstancesisscaryenough,andthedangerofexposureisscarierstill.（光是阅读这些物质的清单就已经够可怕的了，而接触这些物质的危险更可怕。）切题。故选D。【69题详解】上文提示“根据美国环境保护署的说法，持续接触其中一些会导致生殖影响和对某些器官和中枢神经系统的损害，甚至会导致癌症。”承接上文，A项It’sthatlong-termexposurethatexpertsfindmostworrisome.（专家们最担心的是长期接触。）切题。故选A。【70题详解】上文提示“新车的危险最大，新车的气味最明显。”承接上文，C项Thisiswhencomponentsarestillunstableandtendtowardswhatiscalledoff-gassing.（这是当组件仍然不稳定，并倾向于所谓的放气的时候。）切题。故选C。三、阅读理解19.WorkingwomenmakeupnearlyhalfoftheU.S.workforce,and51percentofprofessionalworkers,likedoctors,lawyers,nursesandaccountants,arefemale.Whileclimbingthecareerladdercanberewarding,itoftencomeswithonebigdownside:weightgain!NewresearchpublishedthisweekintheInternationalJournalofObesityshowsthatworkingwomenaremorelikelytobeoverweight,andthemoreyouwork,themorepoundsyou’relikelytopileon.Likemanywomen,Iwork...alot!Asaself-employednutritioncommunicationsspecialist,Isitatmydesk,infrontofacomputer,forhoursonend.Sittingaloneisoneoftheworstthingsyoucandoforyourhealth,andit’sdirectlylinkedtobeingoverweightandincreasedfatness,sothefactthatwomenintheworkforcegainweightisn’tthatsurprising.Ifyouwork,youhavelesstimetomovearound.Obesity（肥胖症）researchersarerevealingmanyotherwaysthatemploymentisharmfultoyourdietandwaistline.IntheInternationalJournalofObesitystudy,some9,276Australianwomenaged45-50hadtheirbodyweightandemploymentstatusmonitoredfortwoyears.Results?Thosewhoworkedmorethan35hourswerelikelytogainweightcomparedtothosewhoworkedfewerhoursorwereoutoftheworkforce.What’smore,themorehoursawomanworkedinaweek,themoreweightshegained.TheauthorsoftheAustralianstudyattributeweightgainamongworkingwomentoinactivity,lackoftimeforfoodpreparation,moreuseofpreparedfoods,highlevelsofstress,lackofsleepandconsumingmorealcohol.I’llalsoaddintravel,mealseatenoutandworkingatnightasotherfactorsthatIcanfindtomakebalancingworkwithahealthydietachallenge.25.Thetextaboveisprobablytakenfrom______.A.asportsreport B.afashionjournalC.ahealthandfitnessmagazine D.anadvertisementpost26.Awomanwhoworksasanaccountantismorelikelyto______.A.gai