山东省滨州市2022-2023学年高二年级下册7月期末英语 含解析

滨州市2022-2023学年高二下学期考试

英语试题

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改

动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在

本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂

到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选

项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅

读一遍。

1.WhatwillthespeakersdoonThursday?

A.Playfootball.B.Watchamovie.C.Gohiking.

2.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?

A.Placeanorder.B.Designauniform.C.Formateam.

3.WhatisSally'sfavoritecity?

A.Paris.B.Madrid.C.Venice

4.Wherewillthespeakersgo?

A.Toacafe.B.Toadessertshop.C.Toabookstore.

5.WhatrelationisMr.Gomeztotheman?

A.Histeacher.B.Hisclient.C.Hisboss.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项

中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小

题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段对话，回答第6至7题。

6.Whatisthemandoing?

A.Drivingacar.B.Repairingacar.C.Borrowingacar.

7.Howdoesthemansoundintheend?

A.Confused.B.Hesitant.C.Confident.

听下面一段对话，回答第8至10题。

8.Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?

A.Ajobcandidate.B.Anewworkmate.C.Travelanangements.

9.HowdoesStevenJohnsonimpresstheman?

A.Byhisworkingexperiences.

B.Byhiscommunicationskills.

C.Byhisinternationalbackground.

10.WhenwillthespeakersmeetStevenJohnson?

A.Tomorrow.B.Nextweek.C.Theweekafternext.

听下面一段对话，回答第11至13题。

11.WhatwillthemandoonMonday?

A.Startanewposition.

B.Packhisbelongings.

C.Attendameeting.

12.Whatisthemanbusydoingnow?

A.Movingtohisnewoffice.

B.Checkingoffofficesupplies.

C.Preparingfbrapromotioncampaign.

13.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodo?

A.Reviewanexpensereport.

BProvidethemanwithsupplies.

C.Arrangeacompanycelebration.

听下面一段对话，回答第14至17题。

14.Wherewilltheeventtakeplace?

A.Atacoffeeshop.B.Atamusichall.C.Atapark.

15.Whydidthewomanchoosethelocation?

A.It'sprivate.

B.Ifsfamilyfriendly.

C.It'srequestedbythecharity.

16.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?

A.Organizesomeactivities

B.Contributesomemoney.

C.Contactsomebands.

17.Whatistheevent'spurpose?

A.Tohearsomelivemusic.

B.Tohelpananimalshelter.

C.Tohavesomefamilyfun.

听下面一段独白，回答第18至20题。

18.WhydidthespeakerlearnArabic?

A.ShewantedtostudyinCairo.

B.Shebecameinterestedintheculture.

C.ShewasinspiredbyherArabiclecturer.

19.Whatisthebiggestchallengeforthespeaker?

A.Sufferingfromcultureshock.

B.Findingahotelandaccommodation.

C.MasteringwrittenandspokenArabic.

20.Whatexcitesthespeakermost?

A.Beinginvitedtoameal.

B.Shoppingatalocalmarket.

C.Gettingtoknowthelocals.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

WelcometoTampere,thesecondmetropolis（大都市）inFinland.Youcanfreelychoosefromthebesthotels

inthecitywiththemostlikesonourwebsite.

HotelliVille

HotelliVilleisaself-servicehotellocatednearthecenterofTampere.Villeissuitableforbusinesstravelers

andanyonetravelingaloneorinsmallgroups.HotelliVilleofferswell-equippedrooms.HotelVillatreatsgueststo

thesimplepleasuresoflife,eachroomhavingitsownTV,microwaveoven,mini-fridge,coffeemakerandelectric

kettle.€75foronenight.

GrandHotelTammer

Enjoyneoclassicalelegancehere!Beautifullysituatedbetween2lakes,itoffersstunningaccommodationby

theTammerkoskirapids.Builtin1929,thisboutiquehotelstandsinthehistoricriversidearea,withinwalking

distanceofseveralmuseumsandMarketSquare.Yourllfindpublictransportationoptionslessthanakilometerfrom

thehotel,andTampere-PirkkalaAirportisjusta15-minutedriveaway.€99foronenight

ScandicTampereStation

It'samodernandtrendycityhotelintheheartofTamperewitharelaxedandstylishbar,gym,saunaanda

lovingsummerterrace.Wealsoofferaprivatecarparkwith53spaces,aswellasfreewirelessInternetthroughout

thewholehotel.Freebreakfastisoffered.€128foronenight.

OriginalSokosHotelVilla

ThecompletelyrenovatedandairconditionedSokosHotelVillaisamodern6-storeyhotellocatedinanold

grainstorageontheTullintorisquare.Arenovationhasbroughtacompletelynewdesignforthehotefsrooms,

lobbyandbar,aswellasrenewedbathroomsandelectrics.Villaisasmallhotelwithbigservices.Comeandrelax

inthelovelyOriginalSokosHotelVilla!€132foronenight.

1.WhatconveniencecanyoufindinbothHotelliVilleandScandicTampereStation?

A.FreeInternetaccess.B.Stunningaccommodation.

C.Breakfastwithoutextrapay.D.Privilegedlocationinthecitycenter.

2.Whichcanyouchooseifyouwantahotelwithabeautifulnaturalview?

A.HotelliVille.B.GrandHotelTammer.

C.ScandicTampereStation.D.OriginalSokosHotelVilla.

3.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?

A.Toguide.B.Todescribe.

C.Tocompare.D.Toadvertise.

【答案】l.D2.B3.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了芬兰的第二大大都市-坦佩雷最受欢迎的四个酒店。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据HotelliVille中的"HotelliVilleisaself-servicehotellocatednearthecenterofTampere.

（HotelliVille是一家自助酒店位于坦佩雷的中心。）”以及ScandicTampereStation**It'samodernand

trendycityhotelintheheartofTamperewitharelaxedandstylishbar,gym,saunaandalovingsummerterrace.

（坦佩雷火车站这是一家现代时尚的城市酒店，位于坦佩雷市中心，拥有轻松时尚的酒吧、健身房、桑拿

浴室和可爱的夏季露台。）”可知，在hoteltelliVille和坦佩雷站方便之处是位于市中心的优越位置。故选

D。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据GrandHotelTammer中的“Beautifullysituatedbetween2lakes,itoffersstunning

accommodationbytheTammerkoskirapids.Builtin1929,thisboutiquehotelstandsinthehistoricriversidearea,

withinwalkingdistanceofseveralmuseumsandMarketSquare.（它坐落在两个湖泊之间，在塔默科斯基急流

旁提供令人惊叹的住宿。建于1929年，这家精品酒店站在历史悠久的河边地区，步行距离内的几个博物

馆和市场广场。）”可知，如果你想要一个拥有美丽自然景观的酒店，你可以选择GrandHotelTammer,

故选B（.

【3题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段"WelcometoTampere,thesecondmetropolis（大都市）inFinland.Youcanfreely

choosefromthebesthotelsinthecitywiththemostlikesonourwebsite.（欢迎来到坦佩雷，芬兰的第二大大都

市。您可以在我们的网站上自由选择本市最好、最受欢迎的酒店。）”可知，本文的写作目的是为了给四

个酒店做广告。故选D。

Oneevening,RachelLapierreboughta$4scratchticketwhilepickingupgroceries.Afteranexhaustingday,

sheneededsomethingtoliftherspirits.The46-year-oldmotheroffourwaswearingherselfthinasanearlyfull-

timeemergencyroomnurseandpart-timevolunteeraidworker.

Shelongedtobeabletoonedayquitnursingjobandfocusonthevolunteerworkshefoundmostfulfilling.

Shevowedtoherselfthatifsheeverwonthelotterythat'swhatshewoulddo.

Lapierrewenthomeandscratchedherticket,revealingthreesunnyfaces.Thenextday,theLoto-Quebecoffice

informedherthatshehadwonalumpsumofS675,000or$1,000aweekforlife.Shechosethelatter."Iknow

myself/'shesaid."Thelumpsumwouldhavemeltedlikesnowinthesun.”

Stayingtruetoherword,Lapierrequithernursingjobanddedicatedherlifetohelpingothersthroughher

passionproject,LeBookHumanitaire,whichhassincebecomearegisteredcharity

LeBook,asLapierre,now62,affectionatelycallsit,beganasasimplelistofgooddeeds.Toher,thedeeds

werejustsmallactsofkindness—buyingclothesforafamilyofnewlyarrivedimmigrants,deliveringamealtoan

isolatedseniororgivingmedicalattentiontosomeonelivingonthestreets.

“LeBookhashadanimmenseimpactonmeandonmanyvulnerablepeople,saysMartyne,52.Theformer

special-educationtechniciansuffersfromlongCovidandhasbeenunabletoworksincegettingsickinMarch2020.

MartyneisnowonLeBook'sfooddeliveryroute."Withcourtesyandnojudgment,LeBookhelpsusgetwhatwe

need,^^shesays.

“Whenyoudoagooddeed,ithasabutterflyeffect,saysLapierre."Onegooddeedcanaffect10people.So

ifwealldoagooddeed?Thatcansavetheworld.^^

4.WhydidLapierrechoose$1,000aweekforlifeinsteadofalumpsum?

A.Alumpsumwaslikelytovanishlikesnow.

B.Shewantedtomakebetteruseofthemoney.

C.Shehadnoideahowtospendalargefortune.

D.Shewasafraidthemoneywouldbeeasilystolen.

5.WhyisthestoryofMartynementioned?

A.ToexplainhowLeBookworks.

B.ToshowLeBook'sgreatinfluence.

C.Totellpeoplehermiserableexperience.

D.ToappealtomorepeopletojoinLeBook.

6.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeLapierre?

A.Generousandkind二hearted.B.Committedandcourageous.

C.Determinedandhumble.D.Energeticandcreative.

7.WhatcanbeinferredfromLapierre'swordsinthelastparagraph?

A.Manyhandsmakelightwork.B.Rosesgiven,fragranceinhand.

C.Onegoodturndeservesanother.D.Actionspeakslouderthanwords.

【答案】4.B5.B6.A7.A

【解析】

【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了刮刮彩票中奖的拉皮埃尔信守诺言，辞去了护士的工作，并通过她

的项目“LeBookHumanitaire致力于帮助他人，她认为一件好事可以影响十个人。如果我们都做一件好

事就可以拯救世界。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段“Thenextday,theLoto-Quebecofficeinformedherthatshehadwonalumpsumof

675,000。r1,000aweekforlife.Shechosethelatter."Iknowmyself,“shesaid."Thelumpsumwouldhave

meltedlikesnowinthesun.”（第二天，乐透魁北克办事处通知她，她赢得了67.5万美元的一次性奖金，即

终身每周1000美元。她选择了后者。“我了解我自己，”她说。“整笔钱会像阳光下的雪一样融

化。“）"和第四段"Stayingtruetoherword,Lapierrequithernursingjobanddedicatedherlifetohelping

othersthroughherpassionproject,LeBookHumanitaire,whichhassincebecomearegisteredcharity（拉皮埃尔

信守诺言，辞去了护士的工作，并通过她的热情项目LeBookHumanitaire致力于帮助他人，该项目已成

为一家注册慈善机构）”推知，拉皮埃尔选择每周1000美元而不是一次性支付是因为她想更好地利用这

笔钱。故选B。

【5题详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段'"'LeBookhashadanimmenseimpactonmeandonmanyvulnerablepeople,"

saysMartyne,52.Theformerspecial-educationtechniciansuffersfromlongCovidandhasbeenunabletowork

sincegettingsickinMarch2020.MartyneisnowonLcBook'sfooddeliveryroute.''Withcourtesyandno

judgment,LeBookhelpsusgetwhatweneed,"shesays.（"LeBook对我和许多弱势群体产生了巨大的影

响，”52岁的马蒂娜说。这位前特殊教育技术人员长期感染新冠病毒，自2020年3月生病以来一直无法

工作。马蒂娜现在在LeBook的送餐路线上。她说：“LeBook礼貌而不加评判地帮助我们得到了我们需

要的东西。可知，提到马蒂娜的故事为了显示这本书的巨大影响。故选B。

6题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段"Stayingtruetoherword,Lapierrequithernursingjobanddedicatedherlifeto

helpingothersthroughherpassionproject,LeBookHumanitaire,whichhassincebecomearegistered

charity（拉皮埃尔信守诺言，辞去了护士的工作，并通过她的热情项目LeBookHumanitaire致力于帮助

他人，该项目已成为一家注册慈善机构）”可知，拉皮埃尔慷慨善良。故选A。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段""Whenyoudoagooddeed,ithasabutterflyeffect/saysLapierre.'Onegood

deedcanaffect10people.Soifwealldoagooddeed?Thatcansavetheworld.\u当你做了一件好事,它会产

生蝴蝶效应，”拉皮埃尔说。“一件好事可以影响十个人。如果我们都做一件好事呢?这可以拯救世

界。可知，从拉皮埃尔话可推断出：众人拾柴火焰高。故选A。

C

Ateenagerjoinsalineofpeopleboardingaspaceship.Onceonboard,sheapproachesabed,crawlsin,closes

thelidandfallsasleep.Herbodyisfrozenforatriptoaplanetseverallight-yearsfromEarth.Afewyearslatershe

wakesup,stillthesameage.Thisabilitytoputherlifeonpausewhileasleepiscalled"suspendedanimation^^.

Sceneslikethisarethestaplecontentofsciencefiction.Allofthesestorieshavesomethingincommon:People

enteranunconsciousstateinwhichtheycansurviveforalongtime.Nothinglikethisisyetpossibleinthereal

world.Butsomeanimalsandbirdshavetheirownformsofsuspendedanimation:Theyhibernate.Thismighthold

somelessonsforhowtoputastronautsofthefutureintohibernationforlongspaceflights.

“Ithinkthisisrealistic,vsaysKatharineGrabek,afamousbiologist/itwouldbedonebymakingourselvesas

similaraswecantoahibernator.^^

Asananimalhibernates,itchillsitsbodyandslowsitsheartrateandbreathing.Metabolism（新陈代谢）

alsoslows.Todothis,ananimalmustturnonandoffcertaingeneswhentheyhibernate.Thosegenesdothingslike

controllingwhetherananimalburnssugarsorfatsforfuel.Othergenesareinvolvedinkeepingmusclesstrong.

Humanshavemanyofthesesamegenes.Turningsomeofthesegenesonoroffmightallowhumanstodosomething

similartohibernation.

Sinceapersonprobablywouldn'tsurvivetheirbodytemperaturedroppingbelowfreezing,itissuggestedthat

peoplemighthibernatelikebears.Ifpeoplearelikebears,hibernationmayhelpkeepbonesandmusclesstrong.

Thatisimportantinspace.Bonesandmusclestendtobreakdowninlowgravity.Hibernationcouldcuttheamount

offood,waterandoxygenthaterewsneed.Anditcouldsavepeoplefromtheinevitableboredomoflongtripsin

space.

8.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?

A.Totellreadersastory.B.Togiveadefinition.

C.Tosharescientificknowledge.D.Tointroducethetopicofthetext.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this"inparagraph2referto?

A.Humanhibernation.B.Livingforever.

C.Boardingspaceships.D.Animals1suspendedanimation.

10.What'sKatharineGrabek'sattitudetohumanhibernation?

A.Doubtful.B.Critical.

C.Positive.D.Dismissive.

11.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkaboutconcerninghumanhibernation?

A.Itscurrentproblems.B.Itsworkingmechanism.

C.Itsbenefitsforastronauts.D.Itsappealtothescientists.

【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一些动物和鸟类的冬眠可能会为如何让未来的宇航员进入冬眠状态

以进行长期太空飞行提供一些经验教训。

【8题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段“Ateenagerjoinsalineofpeopleboardingaspaceship.Onceonboard,she

approachesabed,crawlsin,closesthelidandfallsasleep.Herbodyisfrozenfbratriptoaplanetseverallight-

yearsfromEarth.Afewyearslatershewakesup,stillthesameage.Thisabilitytoputherlifeonpausewhile

asleepiscalled'suspendedanimation5.（一名青少年加入了登上宇宙飞船的队伍。一上船，她就走近一张

床，爬进去，盖上盖子睡着了。她的身体被冷冻起来，准备前往距离地球几光年的星球。几年后，她醒

了过来，还是老样子。这种在睡眠中让生命暂停的能力被称为“假死”。）”可知，第一段通过讲述一

个例子来引出文章的主题：未来的宇航员可以进入冬眠状态以进行长期太空飞行。故选D。

【9题详解】

词义猜测题。根据第二段“Butsomeanimalsandbirdshavetheirownformsofsuspendedanimation:They

hibernate.Thismightholdsomelessonsforhowtoputastronautsofthefutureintohibernationforlongspace

flights.（但是一些动物和鸟类有它们自己的假死形式：它们冬眠。这可能会为如何让未来的宇航员进入冬

眠状态以进行长期太空飞行提供一些经验教训。）”可知，动物的冬眠会为如何让未来的宇航员进入冬

眠状态以进行长期太空飞行提供一些经验教训，this指代人类冬眠。故选A。

【10题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段“'Ithinkthisisrealistic/saysKatharineGrabek,afamousbiologist/Itwouldbe

donebymakingourselvesassimilaraswecantoahibernator/（“我认为这是现实的，”著名生物学家凯瑟

琳•格拉贝克说。“要做到这一点，我们就得把自己变得尽可能像冬眠动物。”）”可知，凯瑟琳•格

拉布克对人类冬眠的态度是积极的。故选C。

【11题详解】

主旨大意题。根据最后一段"Sinceapersonprobablywouldn'tsurvivetheirbodytemperaturedroppingbelow

freezing,itissuggestedthatpeoplemighthibematelikebears.Ifpeoplearelikebears,hibernationmayhelpkeep

bonesandmusclesstrong.Thatisimportantinspace.Bonesandmusclestendtobreakdowninlowgravity.

Hibernationcouldcuttheamountoffood,waterandoxygenthaterewsneed.Anditcouldsavepeoplefromthe

inevitableboredomoflongtripsinspace.（由于一个人可能无法在体温低于冰点的情况下生存，所以有人建

议人们像熊一样冬眠。如果人们像熊一样，冬眠可能有助于保持骨骼和肌肉强壮。这在太空中很重要。

骨骼和肌肉在低重力下容易分解。冬眠可以减少蜜蜂所需的食物、水和氧气的数量。它还可以使人们免

于长途太空旅行不可避免的无聊。）”可知，最后一段主要谈论关于人类冬眠对宇航员的好处。故选

Co

D

IfyouareintoGreekmythology,youprobablyhaveheardthestoryofOedipus.Thistale,whichbecameone

ofthebestexamplesofself-fulfillingprophecy,showshowOedipusandhisfatherLaius,unconsciously（ormaybe

consciously?）demonstratedtheirfate.LiketheOedipustale,wemayhaveself-prophesiedourdestinyinseveral

aspectsofourlives,whetherpositiveornegative.Forinstance,haveyoueverforeseensomethingthateventually

happenedtoyou?You'renotalone.

Aself-fulfillingprophecyiswhenaperson'sbeliefgeneratesaconsciousorunconsciousbehaviorthatmakes

theirthoughtscometrue.Itworkslikeacycle.Youholdabeliefaboutotherpeopleandyourselfwhichaffectsyour

actionsconcerningthemoryourself.Forothers,theassumptionsaffecthowyouacttowardthem,thusinfluencing

theirviewsaboutyou.

Foralongtime,self-fulfillingprophecieshavegrabbedtheattentionofsociologyandpsychologyresearchers,

whowanttounderstandhowtheyimpacthumanbehavior.RobertRosenthalandLenoreJacobsondemonstrateda

uniquetypeofself-fulfillingprophecywiththeirexperimentwithchildrenintheclassroom:thePygmalioneffect.

Theresearcherstoldteachersthatsomeoftheirstudentswerepartofthe"growthspurts（快速成长）"groupbased

ontheirIQtests.Later,theyretestedthestudentsandcollecteddatafromboth“ordinary”and"growth-spurts”

students,discoveringthatthe“growth-spurts“showedamuchbetterperformancethanthe“ordinary"ones.The

Pygmalioneffectshowsthatwhenyoucreateexpectationsaboutpeople,youwilllikelytreatthembasedonthose

expectations.Thismayinfluencetheperson\behavior,whoactsaccordingtothatexpectation,becomingaclassic

exampleofaself-fulfillingprophecy.

Self-fulfillingpropheciesaresodeep-rootedinourpsychologyandsocialenvironmentthatweoftendon't

evennoticethattheycaninfluenceouractivitiesregularly,whetherathome,school,orwork.Whenusingself-

fulfillingpropheciestoachievegoals,it'sessentialtohaveapositiveoutlookandtofocusontheactionsyoucan

taketobringaboutthedesiredoutcome.Believingthatyoucansucceedisanessentialpartofmakingithappen.

12.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopic?

A.Byquestioningatheory.B.Bymakingacomparison.

C.Bygivinganexample.D.Bycitingothers'ideas.

13.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofaself-fulfillingprophecy?

A.Thosewhoarediligentaremorelikelytosucceed.

B.Oneinsecureabouthisabilitytopasstheexamfailsatlast.

C.Thelowerone'sexpectationsare,thelessdisappointedhewillbe.

D.Agymnastputshermostimpressiveskillattheendoftheroutine.

14.Whatdoestheexperimentinparagraph3focuson?

A.Thewidegapbetweenstudents.

B.HowIQtestsfunctioninone'sactions.

C.Thedifferenceofpeople'sexpectations.

D.Howothers1expectationsaffectone'sbehavior.

15.What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.HowisthePygmalioneffectappliedintoeducation?

B.Self-fulfillingprophecy:awell-receivedphilosophy.

C.Howdoesaself-fulfillingprophecyimpactyourlife?

D.Oedipustale:agoodexampleofself-fulfillingprophecy.

【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了自我实现的预言会定期影响我们的活动，无论是在家里、学校还是

工作中。当使用自我实现的预言来实现目标时，有一个积极的前景和关注你可以采取的行动来实现预期

的结果是至关重要的。相信自己能成功是成功的关键。

【12题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段"IfyouareintoGreekmythology,youprobablyhaveheardthestoryofOedipus.

Thistale,whichbecameoneofthebestexamplesofself-fulfillingprophecy,showshowOedipusandhisfather

Laius,unconsciously（ormaybeconsciously?）demonstratedtheirfate.（如果你对希腊神话感兴趣，你可能听说

过俄狄浦斯的故事。这个故事成为自我实现预言的最好例子之一，它展示了俄狄浦斯和他的父亲拉伊俄

斯是如何无意识地（或者可能是有意识地?）展示了他们的命运）”并结合下文对预言会影响我们的活动，帮

助实现目标的介绍推知，作者通过举例来介绍主题。故选C。

【13题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段的Aself-fulfillingprophecyiswhenaperson'sbeliefgeneratesaconsciousor

unconsciousbehaviorthatmakestheirthoughtscometrue.（自我实现的预言是指一个人的信念产生了一种有意

识或无意识的行为，使他们的想法成真）”可知，一个对自己能否通过考试没有信心的人最终失败了，这

是一个自我实现预言的例子。故选B。

【14题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段“RobertRosenthalandLenoreJacobsondemonstratedauniquetypeofself-fulfilling

prophecywiththeirexperimentwithchildrenintheclassroom:thePygmalioneffect.Theresearcherstoldteachers

thatsomeoftheirstudentswerepartofthe“growthspurts（快速成长）“groupbasedontheirIQtests.Later,they

retestedthestudentsandcollecteddatafromboth"ordinary"and"growth-spurts“students,discoveringthatthe

"growth-spurts“showedamuchbetterperformancethanthe“ordinary"ones.ThePygmalioneffectshowsthat

whenyoucreateexpectationsaboutpeople,youwilllikelytreatthembasedonthoseexpectations.Thismay

influencetheperson'sbehavior,whoactsaccordingtothatexpectation,becomingaclassicexampleofasei足

fulfillingprophecy.（（RobertRosenthal和（LenoreJacobson通过在教室里对儿童进行的实验，展示了一种独

特的自我实现预言：皮格马利翁效应。研究人员告诉老师，他们的一些学生是“快速成长”的一部分。

根据智商测试得出的结论后来，他们重新测试了这些学生，并收集了“普通”学生和“快速成长”学生

的数据，发现“快速成长”学生的表现要比“普通”学生好得多。皮格马利翁效应表明，当你对别人产

生期望时，你很可能会基于这些期望来对待他们。这可能会影响一个人的行为，他会根据这种期望行

事，成为自我实现预言的典型例子）”可知，实验关注的是别人的期望如何影响一个人的行为。故选D。

【15题详解】

主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据第二段uAself-fulfillingprophecyiswhenaperson^beliefgeneratesa

consciousorunconsciousbehaviorthatmakestheirthoughtscometrue.Itworkslikeacycle.Youholdabelief

aboutotherpeopleandyourselfwhichaffectsyouractionsconcerningthemoryourself.Forothers,the

assumptionsaffecthowyouacttowardthem,thusinfluencingtheirviewsaboutyou.（自我实现的预言是指一个

人的信念产生了一种有意识或无意识的行为，使他们的想法成真。这就像一个循环。你对别人和你自己

持有一种信念，这种信念会影响你对他们或你自己的行为。对其他人来说，这些假设会影响你对他们的

行为，从而影响他们对你的看法）”可知，文章主要讲述了自我实现的预言如何影响人们的生活。C项

v

“Howdoesaself-fulfillingprophecyimpactyourlife?符合最佳标题。故选Co

第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选

项。

Theworkplacecanbeaperfectbreeding-groundforfctMisergonian,alsocalleddeskrage（愤怒）.It'sacondition

inwhichaseriesofnoisesanddisorderscausepeopledistress.

SoundsareoftenthetriggerforMisergonia.Theroutinefire-alarmtestisacaseinpoint/'Attentionplease,

attentionplease,vshoutsavoicethatisimpossibletoignore.16Forexample,everyofficehasitsshareof

keyboardthumpers-peoplewhosegoalseemstobenotproducingadocumentbutdestroyingtheequipment.

17"Thisisapointthathasalreadybeenmade,“ishowweirdlylargenumbersofpeoplestarttomake

apoint.Whynotjustsay"Idon'tvalueyourtime?1'

SmallITfailuresareafactofofficelife,buttheycanstillbesoul-destroying.Theprinterjustdoesn't

work.18Yourcursor（光标）isjustthere,butwhenyoumoveyourmousetowardsit,nothing

happens.“Eitheryourcursorisinacomaorthebatteryhasrunout,"oilersupacolleaguehelpfully.Someoneelse

fillsthegap."Thisisapointthathasalreadybeenmade.^theybegin.

19Itstartsinnocentlyenough,withsomeoneaskingforhelpwithaproblem.Incomeoneortwo

replies,andthensuddenly,ashower,asifnothingelsematteredotherthanansweringthisonequestion.Thereare

repliestoreplies,andrepliestorepliestoreplies.Everyoneseemstobeenjoyingthemselveshugely,butthereis

alwaysasilent,sufferinggroup.

Individualworkershavetheirowntriggers.ThereisnocureforMisergonia.Theworkplaceisacollectionof

peoplekeepingintouchindifferentways.Theirhabitsandnoisesturnintosomethingfamiliarforsomecolleagues

butannoyingforothers.20

A.You'dbetteraskthemforhelp.

B.Andthenthereisthereply-allemail.

COthernoisesarenotsoloudbutjustasannoying.

D.Orthemousethatgivesupatjustthewrongmoment.

E.Nowadays,thecomputerhasbecomeanessentialtool.

F.Theonlyreleaseistotrytobeunderstandingandgetusedtoit.

G.Verbalphrases（口头禅）areanotherheadacheforMisergoniasufferers.

【答案】16.C17.G18.D19.B20.F

【解析】

【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了工作场所可能是“桌怒症”（Misergonia）的完美滋生地。这是一种由

一系列噪音和紊乱引起的病症。

【16题详解】

根据空前“SoundsareoftenthetriggerforMisergonia.Theroutinefire-alarmtestisacaseinpoint/Attention

please,attentionplease/shoutsavoicethatisimpossibletoignore.（声音通常是“桌怒症”的诱因。例行的

火警警报测试就是一个很好的例子。“请注意，请注意，”一个让人无法忽视的声音喊道。）”可知，

这是一种无法忽视的“桌怒症”声音。以及空后“Forexample,everyofficehasitsshareofkeyboard

thumpers-peoplewhosegoalseemstobenotproducingadocumentbutdestroyingtheequipment.（例如，每个

办公室都有敲键盘的人，他们的目标似乎不是制作文件，而是破坏设备。）”可知，这里举例一些让人

讨厌的声音。CuOthernoisesarenotsoloudbutjustasannoying.（其他的声音没有那么大，但同样令人

讨厌。）”符合语境。故选C。

【17题详解】

根据空后“'Thisisapointthathasalreadybeenmade/ishowweirdlylargenumbersofpeoplestarttomakea

point.Whynotjustsay4Idon*tvalueyourtime7,（"这是一个已经有人提出的观点。”奇怪的是，大量的人

开始提出一个观点。为什么不直接说“我不珍惜你的时间”呢？）”，可知，这里讲述的是让“桌怒

症”患者头痛的口头语。G项Verbalphrases（口头禅）areanotherheadacheforMisergoniasufferers.（口

头禅是“桌怒症”患者的另一个头痛问题。）”符合语境。故选G。

【18题详解】

根据空前“SmallITfailuresareafactofofficelife,buttheycanstillbesoul-destroying.Theprinterjustdoesn't

work.（小的IT故障是办公室生活的一个事实，但它们仍然可以摧毁灵魂。打印机坏了。）”可知，这是

硬件出现了故障。以及空后“Yourcursorisjustthere,butwhenyoumoveyo