2016年4月自考00832英语词汇学试题及答案含解析

英语词汇学年月真题

0083220164

1、【单选题】Lexicologyisabranchoflinguistics,inquiringintotheorigins

and____ofwords.

sounds

meanings

A:

forms

B:

spellings

C:

答D:案：B

解析：词汇学是语言学的一个分支，研究词汇的起源和意义。

2、【单选题】ThedefinitionofawordcomprisesthefollowingpointsEXCEPT____.

asoundunity

aunitofmeaning

A:

thesmallestformofalanguage

B:

aformthatcanfunctionaloneinasentence

C:

答D:案：C

解析：从结构上讲，词并不是最小的单位，词素（morpheme）才是。

3、【单选题】Englishwordsmayfallintocontentwordsandfunctionalwords

by____.

notion

usefrequency

A:

origin

B:

form

C:

答D:案：A

解析：不同的分类标准，就有不同的分类。按照origin来分，可以分为本族语词

（nativewords）和外来语（borrowedwords）；按照usefrequence来分，可以分为基

本词汇（basicwordstock)和非基本词汇（nonbasicvocabulary）；按照意义

（notion）来分，词语可以分为实意词（contentwords）和功能词（functionalwords）,

因此，答案是A。

4、【单选题】TheIndo-Europeanismadeupofmostofthelanguagesofthe

followingareasEXCEPT

Europe

theMediterranean

A:

theNearEast

B:

India

C:

答D:案：B

解析：印欧语系的构成有欧洲大部分语言，近东和印度的语言。

5、【单选题】Inthe9thcentury,EnglandwasinvadedbyNorwegianandDanish

Vikingsandmany____wordscameintotheEnglishlanguage.

Celtic

Latin

A:

Scandinavian

B:

Greek

C:

答D:案：C

解析：9世纪时，挪威人和丹麦维京人入侵英国。挪威和丹麦均位于斯堪的纳维亚半岛，

入侵英国后，他们也将大量的斯堪的纳维亚词汇带入英国。

6、【单选题】Newwordsorexpressionslikeastrobiology,earthrise,openheart

surgerycomeintopresent-dayEnglishvocabularydueto____.

thegrowthofglobalization

social,economicandpoliticalchanges

A:

rapidgrowthofscienceandtechnology

B:

theinfluenceofotherculturesandlanguages

C:

答D:案：C

解析：天体生物学、地出、心内直视手术，这些词汇都是由于科技的发展而产生的新词

汇。

7、【单选题】Rootwordslikeman,earth,angerarealsocalled____.

allomorphs

freemorphemes

A:

basicwords

B:

boundmorphemes

C:

D:

答案：B

解析：彼此之间相互独立的词素叫做自由词素，其本身具有完整的意义，在句子中用作自

由语法单位。

8、【单选题】Thereare____morphemesinthewordscollection,idealistic,

prisoner.

3

6

A:

7

B:

8

C:

答D:案：C

9、【单选题】Whichofthefollowingisasteminthewordinternationalists!

inter

nation

A:

al

B:

ist

C:

答D:案：B

10、【单选题】TheexpansionofvocabularyinmodemEnglishdependschiefly

on____.

borrowing

semanticchange

A:

word-formation

B:

blending

C:

答D:案：C

11、【单选题】Ofthefollowingprefixes,____isaprefixofdegree.

un-(unwrap)

super-(superfreeze)

A:

pseudo-(pseudo-friend)

B:

anti-(anti-nuclear)

C:

答D:案：B

解析：super-是一个表示程度是前缀，有超出、超过的意义。

12、【单选题】WhichofthefollowingwordsisNOTacompound?

honey-bee

without

A:

clockwise

B:

blueprint

C:

答D:案：C

13、【单选题】____explainstheconnectionbetweentheliteralsenseand

figurativesenseofaword.

Onomatopoeicmotivation

Morphologicalmotivation

A:

Semanticmotivation

B:

Etymologicalmotivation

C:

答D:案：C

14、【单选题】Frommuchmoney,manybooks,wecanseethateveninthesame

languagethesame____canbeexpressedindifferentwords.

reference

concept

A:

motivation

B:

type

C:

答D:案：B

解析：much和many表示的概念意义相同，但是由于修饰不同类型的名词，它们的用法和

拼写不同。

15、【单选题】AssociativemeaningcomprisesthefollowingtypesEXCEPT____.

connotativemeaning

affectivemeaning

A:

conceptualmeaning

B:

collocativemeaning

C:

答D:案：C

解析：associativemeaning包含四个类型，connotative,stylistic,affective和

collocative。不包含C选项，而conceptualmeaning和associativemeaning是并列的

关系，而非包含关系。

16、【单选题】Whenawordiscoined,itisalwaysmonosemic.Butinthecourse

ofdevelopment,thesamesymbolmustbeusedtoexpressmoremeanings.The

resultis____.

polysemy

homonymy

A:

synonymy

B:

antonymy

C:

答D:案：A

解析：同一个符号表达了多种意思，其结果就是形成了多义词）（polysemy）。

17、【单选题】Inthesenserelations,thewordsrightandwritebelongto____.

perfecthomonyms

homographs

A:

homophones

B:

homolog

C:

答D:案：C

解析：right和write是同音异形异义词。

18、【单选题】Asaresultof____—oneofthesourcesofsynonyms,gaintheupper

handbecomesthesynonymofwin.

borrowing

dialectsandregionalEnglish

A:

figurativeandeuphemisticuseofwords

B:

coincidencewithidiomaticexpressions

C:

答D:案：D

解析：同义词的来源有四种，题中考察的是与习语的巧合。gaintheupperhand是一句

习语，表示“赢；占上风”。

19、【单选题】Thewordsillyusedtomean“happy”，butnowmeans“foolish”.

Thisexampleshows____ofmeaning.

extension

narrowing

A:

degradation

B:

transfer

C:

D:

答案：C

解析：词义从褒义变成贬义，意义上发生了降格。

20、【单选题】WhichofthefollowingwordshasNOTundergonenarrowingof

meaning?

voyage:journey->journeybywater

box:containermadeofboxwood—>anycontainer

A:

starve:die->diefromhunger

B:

girl:youngpersonofeithersex->femaleyoungperson

C:

答D:案：B

21、【单选题】Pursefor“money”，dishfor“food”areallinstances

of____transfer.

abstract

subjective

A:

associated

B:

objective

C:

答D:案：C

解析：钱包指代钱，盘子指代食物，用的都是词汇联想意义的转移。

22、【单选题】Manyfamiliarwordshavedifferentmeanings,whentheyareusedin

differentcontexts.Studythefollowingsentencescarefullyanddecideinwhich

sentencefixmeans"predicamenf".

Janetisinaterribleflx!

Thedrugaddictwasdesperatefor

A:

Ifyoubringoveryourbicycle,I'llfixitforyou.

B:

Whentheradiosignalcomesonagain,I'lltakeafixonourposition.

C:

答D:案：A

解析：首先要了解predicament的意义，表示“困境，窘况”，A选项中的句子符合。

23、【单选题】Heisahardbusinessman.Theabovesentencehasambiguitydue

to____.

polysemy

homonymy

A:

antonymy

B:

C:

grammaticalstructure

答D:案：A

解析：该句之所以会造成歧义是由于多义词的存在。hard可以理解成（工作）努力的，或

者（对他人）苛刻的，等若干含义。

24、【单选题】____isusedascontextclueinthefollowingsentence:It'sjust

onemoreincredibleresultofthedevelopmentofmicroprocessors—thosetinyparts

ofacomputercommonlyknownas“siliconchips”.

Antonymy

Synonymy

A:

Explanation

B:

Wordstructure

C:

答D:案：C

解析：这段话通过“诠释”的方式提供了猜测含义的线索。

25、【单选题】Theidiomdiamondcutdiamondisgrammaticallyincorrect,for

normallytheverbcutshouldtakethethirdpersonsingulars.However,weuseit

asitis.Thisshowsthat____.

manyidiomsaregrammaticallyunanalysable

thewordorderofidiomscannotbeinvertedorchanged

A:

thestructureofanidiomistoalargeextentunchangeable

B:

theconstituentsofanidiomcannotbedeletedoraddedto

C:

答D:案：A

解析：虽然这句习语从语法上分析是不正确的，但我们依然这样在用，说明了习语的一个

特点就是不讲究语法。

26、【单选题】TheEnglishidiom____means“relativesorfamily”.

whiteelephant

fleshandblood

A:

anappleofdiscord

B:

flyintheointment

C:

答D:案：B

27、【单选题】Therhetoricaldeviceofalliterationisusedintheidiom____.

toilandmoil

wearandtear

A:

hustleandbustle

B:

bagandbaggage

C:

答D:案：D

解析：alliteration押头韵，即两个词开头的辅音应该一致。

28、【单选题】WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

Monolingualdictionariesarewritteninonelanguage.

Bilingualdictionariesinvolvetwolanguages.

A:

Anunabridgeddictionaryisashortenedone.

B:

Specialdictionariesconcentrateonaparticularareaoflanguageorknowledge.

C:

答D:案：C

29、【单选题】Whenyousee“theatreAmEtheater”inadictionary,youcanget

informationof____.

grammar

pronunciation

A:

usage

B:

spelling

C:

答D:案：D

30、【单选题】WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheproperChineseequivalentfor

itsEnglishitem?

吃软不吃硬--opentopersuasion,butnottocoercion

布衣素食--wearcottonclothesandeatvegetablefood

A:

她很会哄孩子--Shehasawaywithchildren.

B:

没词儿--besuckforananswer

C:

答D:案：B

31、【问答题】Whatdoesthefollowinggroupofwordsshowusasregardsthemain

sourcesofnewwords?soymilk,familymovies,telequiz,Watergate,open

university

答案：(Thesewordsshowusthat)Social.economicandpoliticalchangesbring

aboutanincreasingnumberofnewwords.

32、【问答题】Groupthefollowingwordsintodenominalnouns,deverbalnounsand

de-adjectivalnouns,accordingtothenounsuffixesfixedattheendofeachword.

cigarette，slavery,productivity，protection,assistant，trainee,largeness，

friendship

答案：Denominalnouns:cigarette,slavery,friendshipDeverbalnouns:trainee,

assistant,protectionDe-adjectivalnouns:productivity,largeness

33、【问答题】Howpoliceman,constable,bobbyandcopdifferinthesenseof

connotation?

答案：Amongthem,policemanandconstablearestylisticallyneutral,yetthe

formerisusedbothinBritishEnglishandAmcricanEnglishwhilethelatteris

onlyinBritish.Bubbyiscolloquial,usedonlyinBritishEnglishandcop

isslang.

34、【问答题】Explaincontextinanarrowsense.Hewasinamoodofcomplete

euphoria,hishappinessbeingtheresultofanannouncementthathehadwonthe

sweepstakes.

答案：Inanarrowsense,contextreferstothewords,clauses,sentencesin

whichawordappears.Thisisknownaslinguisticcontexi,whichmaycovera

paragraph,awholechapterandeventheentirebook.

35、【问答题】Illustratethedifferencesbetweenblendingandclippingbytaking

motel,medicare,quake,fluasexamples.

答案：Blendingistheformationofnewwordsbycombiningpartsoftwowords

orawordplusapartofanotherword,asisshownbymotelandmedicare.Motel

iscombinationofmotor+hotelandmedicareacombinationofmedical+care.

Clippingisanotherwayofmakingawordwhichistoshortenalongerword

bycuttingapartofftheoriginalandusingwhatremainsinstead,asisshown

byquakeandflu.Quakeistheshortenedformofearthquakeandfluis

theshortenedformofingfluenza.

36、【问答题】Commentonthefollowingpairofsentencesintermsof

superordinatesandsubordinates.A)Treessurroundthewaternearoursummerplace.

B)Oldelmssurroundthelakenearoursummercabin.

答案：ItisnotdifficulttojudgethatsentenceBisbetterthansentence

A,becauseinthewriterusessubordinates,whichareconcreteand

precise,presentingavividverbalpicturebeforethereaderwhereasinAthe

wordsusedaresuperordinates,whichconveyonlyageneralandvagueidea.

However,thisdoesnotmeanhypoaymsarebetterthansuperordinates.A

goodpieceofwritingoftenneedsbothworkingmutuallytoachievethe

desitedeffect.

37、【填空题】Technicaltermsusedinparticulardisciplinesandacademicareas

arecalled____.

答案：terminology

38、【填空题】WiththeNormansinvadingEnglandin1066,theNormanConquest

startedacontinualflowof____wordsintoEnglish.

答案：French

39、【填空题】Inthewordsmachines,harder,worked,-s,-er,-edare

called____affixes.

答案：inflectional

40、【填空题】Accordingtothe____thataffixesoccupyinwords,affixationfalls

intoprefixationandsuffixation.

答案：positions

41、【填空题】____istherelationshipbetweenlanguageandtheworld.For

example,theformcatismeaningfulbecausethelanguageuseremploysit

conventionallytorefertothe“animal”concerned.

答案：Reference

42、【填空题】Thedevelopmentofword-meaningfrommonosemytopolysemyfollows

twosources,traditionallyknownas____andconcatenation.

答案：radiation

43、【填空题】Thewordcomputerformerlymeanta“personwhocomputes”.At

present,itreferstoan“electronicmachine”ratherthanaperson.Thisexample

showsthefactthatitoftenhappensawordisretainedforanamethoughthe____

haschangedbecausethereferenthaschanged.

答案：meaning

44、【填空