Unit5Ontheroad词汇导学案-高一英语

Unit5词汇学案1.destination：de(向下)+stin(stand站)，下一个立足点，即目的地词块：reachone’sdestination,aholiday/touristdestination2.gallery：词块：anartgallery3.quest：词块：thequestforknowledge4.quit：意为“离开”“停止”时是非正式用语(对应leave)词块：quitajob,quitschool,quit(doing)sth过去式、过去分词：quit/quitted,quit/quitted5.profession：词块：byprofession词族：profession,professional,professionallyprevious：pre(before在前)+via(road路)→在路上走在前面→先前的；派生词previously词块：previousto7.route：词块：take/followaroute,abusroute8.aboard：=onboard词源：a(on在……上)+board(木板)。古代小船基本上就是由几块木板构成，所以board也可表示“木船”，aboard就是“在船上”。后来，随着交通工具的发展，aboard的词义也随之扩展，可以表示“在火车上”“在飞机上”等。词块：WeleaboardFlight…Allaboard!9.landscape：land(land土地)+scap(e)(condition状况)→“土地的状况”，原用于绘画术语指自然风景画，后表示风景。10.dramatic：drama+tic；词族：drama,dramatic,dramatically,dramatist词块：adramaticincreasehike：词块：gohiking；派生词：hiker12.volcano：派生词：volcanic13.visa：来自词根vis(tosee看)，看过的文件→签证同根词：visible(必修一U2)14.budget：词源：budget的词源义是“小钱包”，后来泛指任何尺寸的钱包，尤其是皮钱包。在过去，英国财政大臣到议会提请审批财政预算时，通常先将预算材料装在皮包中，到议会时再把材料从皮包中掏出来。所以“openthebudget”（打开皮包拿出预算材料）表示“提出预算”。后来，budget的词义就从“装预算材料的皮包”演变到了“预算”。词块：onbudget15.chain：一词多义，基本义“链条”隐喻：具体的金属“链条”→抽象事物的“一连串”和商业上的“连锁店”16.transfer：trans(intoanotherplace)+fer(tocarry带)→带到另一个地方→转移→转换另一种交通工具→换乘17.luggage：不可数名词，词块：apieceofluggage18.currency：来自current；词块：foreigncurrency19.credit：词源：来自词根cred(believe,trust相信、信任)incredible词块：creditcard；熟词生义“学分”20.cash：词块：incash；派生词：cashier21.flight：flight是个同形异义词：意为“飞行”时，和动词fly同源；意为“一段楼梯”时，来源于法语另外一个词；意为“逃跑”时，和英语flee同源。词块：along/shortflight,book/catch/missaflight22.remote：re(back向后)+mot(tomove移动)+e→向后移动，越来越远→遥远的； 同根词：motor词块：aremotevillage,aremotecontrol23.engage：en(tomake使)+gage(pledge加入)基本义为“使加入”词块：engagein；派生词：engaged,engagement24.café：法语词，既可以写作café，也可以写作cafe25.soccer：英式足球：football；词块：playsoccer/football26.continent：词块：theAsian/African/Americancontinent27.vehicle：正式用语隐喻：具体的“车辆”→抽象的“手段/工具”28.deer：单复数同形29.mass：词块：amassof/massesof=alotof/lotsof,massproduction,massmediaquitquit(quit/quitted,quit/quitted)①［非正式用语］离开（工作、学校等）：quitajob/quitschool②［非正式用语］停止；戒除：Hedidn’tquit,andhebecameagreatpianist.quitdoingsth:Myfatherhasquitsmokingatlast.③关闭/退出（计算机程序等）professionn[C]职业；行业：Asoftwareengineerbyprofession,Stevewasakeenloverofthepiano.Shewasattheverytopofherprofession.【温故】professional(必修一U3)①adj职业的；专业的：aprofessionaltennisplayerHedealtwiththeprobleminahighlyprofessionalway.②n[C]专业人士；职业选手：Therewillbeariseinthedemandforhealthcareprofessionals.【知新】professionalismn[U]专业水准；专业素质；职业化辨析work,career,profession,tradework指工作、职业。ThoughIhadalotofexperienceandaMaster’sdegree,Icouldnotfindsatisfyingwork.vareer指生涯、职业。Thescandal（丑闻）destroyedhiscareerasafession指需要专门技能（尤其是较高教育水平）的职业、专业。Whenhegraduatedfromcollege,hewantedtoenterthemedicalprofession.trade指行业，尤指手工职业、工艺、行当。Helearnedhistradeasacarpenterinthenorth.Manyteachersarethinkingaboutleavingtheprofessionformorehighlypaidcareers.chainn.①[C]&[U]链子；链条；锁链：abicyclechain/thefoodchainTheprisonersareinchains.②[C]一系列；一连串：achainofevents/accidents/thoughts/misfortunesachainreaction③[C]连锁店(chainstore)；连锁集团：asupermarketchainvt用链拴住；束缚：Chainthehorsetothetree.creditn.①[U]信用；信誉：gain/losecreditItisimportanttopayyourelectricitybillontime,aslatepaymentsmayaffectyourcredit.②[U]赊账；信贷：Itdoesn’tmatterwhetheryoupayincashorbycreditcardinthisstore.Mostnewcarsareboughtoncredit.③[C]&[U]存款额：I’llputa300dollarcreditonyouraccount.④[U]赞扬；功劳：Ican’ttakeallthecreditfortheshow’ssuccess—itwasateameffort.TheynevergivemeanycreditforalltheextraworkIdo.⑤[C]学分：Idon’thaveenoughcreditstograduate.tosb’scredit为某人增光；值得赞扬：Totheircreditthefourcountriesdoworktogetherinsomeareas,buttheystillhaveverydifferentinstitutions.[不用于进行时]认为是……的功劳；把……归功于：Thepanyiscreditedwithinventingtheindustrialrobot.Muchoftheteam’ssuccesscanbecreditedtotheirmanager.flightn①[U]飞翔；飞行：abirdinflightFlightisnaturaltobirds.②[C]班机；航班；空中旅行：book/catch/missaflightalong/shortflight③[U]逃跑；逃避：Whenthealarmsounded,therobberstookflightinahurry.④[C](楼梯等的)一段：aflightofstairs/stepsengage表示“参加；参与”的词块有哪些？joinintakepartinparticipateinbeinvolvedin/involveoneselfinengagein/engageoneselfinengagev[正式用语]①vt&vi(使)参加；(使)参与：engagesbinconversationOnly10%ofAmericanadultsengageinregularexercise.TheProgramaimstoencouragestudentstoengagethemselvesinmakingadifferenceinsociety.②vt吸引(住)：engagesb’sinterest/attentionIt’samoviethatengagesboththemindandtheeye.③vt雇用；聘请：engagelocalpeopleasvolunteersHerfatherengagedatutortoimprovehermaths.【词汇拓展】engagedadj①[正式用语]忙于；从事于：Iwastotallyengagedinmystudyandseldompaidattentiontomymother’sfeelings.Ican’tetodinneronTuesday—I’motherwiseengaged.②已订婚的：ShewasengagedtoPeter.③被占用的；使用中的：Sherangafriendbutthelinewasengaged.engagementn[C]订婚；约定；(与……的)亲密关系：ShehasbrokenoffherengagementtoCharles.Ifweinvestlittletimeinaperson,ourengagementwiththatpersonwilldecline.massn[C]①团；块；堆：amassofrockslargemassesofclouds②许多；大量：amassof/massesof:I’vegotamassofthingstodothismorning.WherevertheBeatleswent,massesoffanswouldwelethemattheairport.③[themasses]群众；民众：Thetrainsprovidecheaptravelforthemasses.④[U](物理学)质量adj[只用于名词前]民众的；大规模的：amassprotestmassproduction【词汇拓展】massiveadj巨大的；大而重的；大规模的：AmassiveearthquakehitcentralItalyinAugust2016,killingatleast247people.本单元金句汇总1.Hedidn’tquit,andhebecameagreatpianist.2.Ican’ttakeallthecreditfortheshow’ssuccess—itwasateameffort.3.Only10%ofAmericanadultsengageinregularexercise.4.It’samoviethatengagesboththemindandtheeye.5.Iwastotallyengagedinmystudyandseldompaidattentiontomymother’sfeelings.6.I’vegotamassofthingstodothismorning.随堂检测quit一、写出句子中画线部分精准的汉语释义。ItriedtoquitsmokingseveraltimesbeforeIrealisedIwasaddicted._____________二、选出能替换画线部分的单词。LaurenBathquitherjobasachef.(changed/left)_____________三、根据所给词块，将下列句子译成英语。我成功地戒掉了看电视。(quitdoingsth)____________________________________________________________profession一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.She’sanurse___________professionandnowrunsacounseling(咨询)serviceforwomen.2.Shethoughtaboutengaginga___________(profession)pianisttoworkwithherfather.3.Iwouldliketoknowsomeoftheideasofallyou___________(profession)outthereintheworld.4.Hehasdoubtabouttheprofessor’s_____________(professional).二、从方框中选出适当的单词并用其正确形式填空。work,career,profession,trade1.Teachingwasa______________Ihadneverseriouslyconsidered,thoughseveralofmystorieshadbeenpublished.2.Mostofthemenhadworkedinskilled____________suchasprinting.3.Hisfatherhadbeenacarpenterby____________.4.Shegraduatedfromcollegesixmonthsagoandshe’sstilllookingfor____________.5.Likehisfather,Tomchosea____________intheArmy.6.Therewasabigdemandforaccountantsinthe1980s,andmanygraduatesenteredthe____________atthistime.chain根据句意写出画线部分的汉语意思。1.Sheworeaheavygoldchainaroundherneck. ___________2.BeforehestartedWagamama,hehadtriedtosetupaChinesefastfoodchaininBritain._________3.Bittentwice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechainedourdog.___________4.Thebookexaminesthechainofeventsthatledtotherevolution(革命).___________5.Idon’twantajobwhereI’mchainedtoadeskallday. ___________6.Volunteersformedahumanchaintosavethingsfromtheburninghouse.___________ 7.Ireceivedakeychainwithmyinitials(名字缩写). ___________credit写出下列句子中credit的汉语释义。1.Givingpubliccredittosomeonewhohasearneditisthebestleadershiptechniqueintheworld.__________2.WordthatIwastrustworthyandhardworkinggotaroundtown.AlocalclothingstoreofferedmecreditalthoughIwasonlyinseventhgrade. __________3.Thelibraryhaslockersforstudentstostorethings.Whenyouhavegotatleast40credits,youmayrentalocker. __________4.Itwashardtocreditsomeofthestoriesweheardabouther.__________5.Heisagreatyoungmanwhoisacredittohisfamilyandtohisschool. 6.What’sthecreditlimitonyourcreditcard? __________flight翻译下列词块。1.(给某人)预订航班____________________2.赶航班____________________3.误机____________________4.取消航班____________________5.登机____________________6.航班起飞____________________7.航班到达/降落________________8.从北京飞往纽约的航班____________________9.航班号____________________10.返航____________________11.直达航班____________________12.国内/国际航班____________________13.长途/短途飞行____________________engage一、写出下列句子中engage的汉语释义。1.Theyneverlearnedskillstoengagetheattentionofthe