阅读理解 （应用文、记叙文） -2023年新高考八省名校联考高一英语期末试题汇编 （解析版）

专题01阅读理解（应用文、记叙文）

-2023年新高考八省名校联考高一英语期末试题汇编

（解析版）

1.1重庆市南开中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期中试题】

A

FourBooksaboutSuperScientists

You'llfindthelivesofthesetopmindstobeasinspiringastheyareexcitinginthefollowingbooks.

TheExtraordinaryLifeofAlan'Hiring

SecondWorldWarcode-breakerAlanTuringfeaturesontheBankofEngland'snew£50noteasacomputer

pioneer.Thisbiographyfollowshimfromhischildhoodasaquietboywholovedmathstobecomingoneofthe

mostimportantscientistsinhistory.

100ScientistsWhoMadeHistory

Bringingtogethermini-biographiesof100scientistsandinnovators,thisbookwillgiveyouanoverviewof

thehistoryofscience.Includingastronauts,biologists,chemists,coders,doctorsandphysicists,itfeaturesfunfacts

abouteveryonefromHippocratesandLeonardodaVincithroughtoMarieCurieandStephenHawking.

RosalindFranklin:ALifeStory

RosalindFranklinwasthescientistwhosecontributiontoacrucialdiscoveryinDNA—thechemicalthattells

yourbodyhowtogrowanddevelop-wasnotrecognizeduntilafterherdeath.Thisbookshinesalightonthe

extraordinarystoryofherlifeandachievements,usingtimelines,illustrationsandfascinatingfacts.

40InspiringIcons:SuperScientists

Eachpartofthiscolourfulillustratedbookintroducesyoutoadifferent"superscientist^^andtheirdiscoveries.

Thisisafunandeasywaytolearnaboutallsortsofideas,includingLouisPasteur'svaccinationsandAda

Lovelace'sinventionofmysteriouscodes.

21.Whosecontributionwasrecognisedafterdeath?

A.MarieCurie's.B.LouisPasteur5s.C.RosalindFranklin's.D.StephenHawking's.

22.Whichbookwillattractreaderswhoareinterestedincomputerscience?

A.RosalindFranklin:ALifeStoryB.100ScientistsWhoMadeHistoty

C.40InspiringIcons:SuperScientistsD.TheExtraordinaryLifeofAlanTuring

23.Wherecanthetextprobablybefound?

A.Inanovel.B.Inamagazine.C.Inabiography.D.Inadiary.

【答案】21.C22.D23.B

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本与顶级科学家相关的书籍。

21.细节理解题。根据标题“RosalindFranklin:ALifeStory”项下内容“RosalindFranklinwasthescientist

whosecontributiontoacrucialdiscoveryinDNA—thechemicalthattellsyourbodyhowtogrowanddevelop一

wasnotrecognizeduntilafterherdeath.(RosalindFranklin是一位科学家，她对DNA的重要发现作出了贡献

—告诉你的身体如何生长和发育的化学物质——但直到她去世后才被承认。户可知RosalindFranklin的贡

献在她去世后才被承认；故选C项。

22.细节理解题。根据标题“TheExtraordinaryLifeofAlanTuring”项下内容"SecondWorldWarcode-breaker

AlanTuringfeaturesontheBankofEngland'snew£50noteasacomputerpioneer.Thisbiographyfollowshim

fromhischildhoodasaquietboywholovedmathstobecomingoneofthemostimportantscientistsinhistory.(第

二次世界大战的密码破译员AlanTuring是英格兰银行新发行的50英镑钞票上的一位计算机先驱。这本传记

记录了他从一个喜欢数学的安静的小男孩到成为历史上最重要的科学家之一的经历。户可知这本书是讲述一

个历史上伟大的计算机科学家AkmTuring的事迹，故推知这本书会吸引对计算机科学感兴趣的读者；故选

D项。

23.推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了四本与顶级科学家相关的书籍，让读者大致/解/每本书的

主要内容和书中所记载的那些科学家及他们的发明；故推知本文可能出自于一篇杂志；故选B项。

B

Natehadspentmostofhisseventyyearsinthewoods.Asayoungman,hehadthealternativeofworkingin

thecitywithhisbrother.Buthedecidedthaturbanlifewasnotforhim.HeprefeiTedtoisolatehimselffromothers

andfindshelterinnaturefromthecrowdsandnoiseofthecity.Hewasmorethanwillingtogiveupsuch

advantagesasflushtoiletsandelectricblanketsforthejoyofwatchingasunriseilluminatethefrozenpines.

BecauseNatehadlivedaloneforsolong,hisbehaviorwasunpredictable.Forexample,oneminutehe'dbe

veryquiet,andthenexthe'dtalkabouthisyouth.Hisknowledgeofnaturewasextensive,andsoIlearnedmuch

fromhimthroughtheyears.

Iwilltellyouaninterestingstorythatshowshowwisehewasaboutthewoodsandhowmiserly（吝啬的）he

couldbewithwords.OneeveningNate,mycousinArthur,andIwerecrossingagrassland.Arthur'sinterestin

somelittlewhitemushroomsthatweregrowingthereledtothisdialogue:

“Thesemushroomslooksogood,“saidArthur."Didyoueverusethem,Nate?”

“Yep,"saidNate."Mymomusedtocookthemup.”

“Great!”saidArthur.Nate'swordsseemedtostrengthenArthursdesireforthosemushrooms.Hegathered

aboutahundredofthem."Howdidshepreparethem?,,heaskedNate.

"Cookedthemupinsugarwater.”

“Really?Andthenyouatethemthatway?”

“Atethem?^^Natewashorrified."Youcrazy?Weusedtoputtheminabowlonthetabletokillflies!^^

24.WhichcanmakeNatehappier?

A.Workinginthecity.B.Quittingflushtoilets.

C.Usingelectricblankets.D.Enjoyingsunrisesinthewoods.

25.Nateisamanwith.

A.ambitionB.courageC.knowledgeD.imagination

26.Whatdoweknowaboutthewhitemushrooms?

A・Theyweredelicious.B.Nateatethemveryoften.

C.Theymightbepoisonous.D.Arthur'smotherusedtocookthem.

27.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.FarFromNatureB.WhiteMushroomsC.NatetheWoodsmanD.AdvantagesofUrbanLife

【答案】24.D25.C26.C27.C

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，常年生活在森林的内特有一天和作者及作者表弟亚瑟正在穿越•

片草地，亚瑟问小白蘑菇能不能吃，然而亚瑟误解了内特的回答，侧面反映内特对森林是多么明智，对语

言是多么吝啬。

24.细节理解题。由第一段中的“Buthedecidedthaturbanlifewasnotforhim.Hepreferredtoisolatehimself

fromothersandfindshelterinnaturefromthecrowdsandnoiseofthecity.Hewasmorethanwillingtogiveup

suchadvantagesasflushtoiletsandelectricblanketsforthejoyofwatchingasunriseilluminatethefrozenpines.

（但他决定城市生活不适合他。他宁愿把自己与他人隔离开来，在大自然中寻找庇护，远离人群和城市的喧

嚣。他非常愿意放弃冲水马桶和电热毯等优势，去享受看日出照亮冰冻松树的喜悦）”可知，在树林里享受日

出能让内特更快乐。故选D项。

25.细节理解题。由第二段中的“Hisknowledgeofnaturewasextensive,andsoIlearnedmuchfromhimthrough

theyears”他对自然的了解非常广泛，所以这些年来我从他那里学到了很多东西户可知，内特是个很有知识

的人。故选C项。

26.推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Weusedtoputtheminabowlonthetabletokillflies!”（我们曾经把蘑菇放

在桌子上的碗里，用来杀苍蝇！户可知，蘑菇可以用来杀苍蝇，可得出蘑菇有毒。故选C项。

27.主旨大意题。第一段讲“常年生活在森林的内特喜欢自然，不喜欢城市生活”，第二段讲“内特的一些品

质（行为无法预测和知识广博）”，第三段和后文对话通过“蘑菇是否能吃”反映内特对森林是多么明智，对

语言是多么吝啬，全文围绕主人翁内特展开，C项“林居者内特”能概括全文。故选C项。

2.【辽宁省中学20222023学年高一上学期期中试卷】

ParentingSkillsPassedDown

Myparentstaughtthatalifedevotedtohelpingothersisonefullofpurposeandmeaning.Tmaphysicianand

haveworkedwiththehomelesscommunityfor11years.I'malsoamomtoaboywholovesbikeracing.Every

timeariderfellorcrashed,he'dstopandwaituntiltheygotup.Helosttheracebutwonatbeingagoodhuman.

一SaraDoorleyTijeras,NewMexico

Istartedabandasahigh-schoolfreshmanwithmybrother5sbaritonehorn（次中音号）.Ididn'thaveprevious

lessons,soitwasmuchharderforme.WhenItoldmymomIwasquitting,shetoldmetokeepontrying.Indue

timeIabsolutelylovedtheband.Yearslater,mydaughterSheenawasintheband,usingthesamebaritone.One

day,she,too,saidshewasquitting,andItoldhernot.Shekeptatitandcametoloveittoo.

—JanetBrandesCollins,Wisconsin

Igrewupasatomboy（假小子）.Mymotheroccasionallytoldmetolettheboyswin,becausetheywouldn't

likemeifIalwaysbeatthem,soIdid.Mydaughterisalsoquiteathleticbuthasneverheardthosewords.Itellher

she'sasgoodasthoseboysandtodoherbestandwin.Andshehas.Shehasgrownupveryconfidentandiseven

morebroadlyadmiredforherdetermination.Whatadifferenceagenerationmakes.

—KlariFrederickLinden,Michigan

Ibuiltanarcademachine（街机）withmyson.Ilovedarcadesasakid,andmydadandIaresoftware

developers.Plus,it'sagoodlesson:Ifyouwantsomething,buildit!It'sbondingwhenwehelptheotherplayerget

outofacomerthebadguyshavebackedtheminto.

—JoeHockingHighlandPark,Illinois

1.WhatlifelessondoesJanetBrandesCollinsteachherkid?

A.Nevergiveup.

B•Beconfidentandhumble.

C.Helpingothersisimportantandgreat.

D.Buildwhatyouwantwithyourownhands.

2.Whohasadifferentwayofeducationfromher/hisparents?

A.SaraDoorleyTijeras.B.JanetBrandesCollins.

C.KlariFrederickLinden.D.JoeHockingHighlandPark.

3.WhatisJoeHockingHighlandPark'sfather?

A.Ateacher.B.Amusician.

C.Anathlete.D.Asoftwaredeveloper.

【答案】1.A2.C3.D

【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了几种育人方法。

［详解］12田节理解题o根据第二段“Yearslater,mydaughterSheenawasintheband,usingthesamebaritone.

Oneday,she,too,saidshewasquitting,andItoldhernot.”（多年后，我的女儿希娜加入了乐队,用的是同样

的男中音。有一天，她也说她要放弃，我告诉她不要）可知。珍妮特・布兰德斯・柯林斯给她的孩子上的人生

课是永远不要放弃。故选A。

2.细节理解题。根据第三段“Igrewupasatomboy（假小子）.Mymotheroccasionallytoldmetolettheboyswin,

becausetheywouldn'tlikemeifIalwaysbeatthem,soIdid.Mydaughterisalsoquiteathleticbuthasneverheard

thosewords.1tellhershe'sasgoodasthoseboysandtodoherbestandwin.Andshehas.Shehasgrownupvery

confidentandisevenmorebroadlyadmiredforherdetermination.（我从小就是个假小子。我母亲偶尔告诉我

要让男孩们赢，因为如果我总是打败他们，他们会不喜欢我的，所以我就这么做了。我女儿也很喜欢运动，

但从来没听过这些话。我告诉她，她和那些男孩一样优秀，要尽最大努力去赢得胜利。她这么做了。她长

大后非常自信，她的决心更广受赞赏。）可知，KlariFrederickLinden与父母的教育方式不同。故选C。

3.细节理解题。根据第四段“mydadandIaresoftwaredevelopers”（我爸爸和我是软件开发人员）可知，Joe

HockingHighlandPark的父亲是一个软件开发人员。故选D。

3.【辽宁省沈阳市级重点高中联合体2022-2023学年高一上学期期中检测】

A

IfyouarelookingforappstolearnEnglishforstudyingabroad,youmightbeconfused.Therearesomany

appstochoosefrom.HowcanyoudecidewhichEnglishlanguagelearningappisrightforyou?Ourlistoftopfour

favouriteappetoimproveyourEnglishwillhelp.

HelloEnglish—Bestappformiddlelearners

IfyoualreadyunderstandthebasicsbutwanttoimproveyourEnglish,thisappisforyou.HelloEnglishstarts

withalanguagetest,andthenservesupEnglishlessonsbasedonyourtestresults.HelloEnglishsupportslearners

with23nativelanguagesandletsyouplaygames,watchvideosandlistentoaudiobooks,too.

FreeversionsavailableforiOS,AndroidandWindows.

FluentU-Bestmedia-basedapp

ThisappsourcesEnglish-languagevideosfromtherealworld—includingnews,musicvideosand

commercials（商业）一tohelpyoulearnEnglish.Interactivecaptions（字幕）allowyoutotapanywordandsee

moreinformationaboutit.

Freetrial（试用）andpaidmonthlysubscriptionsavailableforAndroidandiOS.

RosettaStone—Mostmulti-useapp

Thisaward-winningEnglishlanguagelearningappteachesvocabularyandEnglishgrammar.RosettaStone

includeslessonsonpronunciationsoyoucanimproveyourEnglishaccent.Youcanalsodownloadaudiolessonsto

learnoffline.

FreetrialandpaidversionsavailableforAndroid,iOSandWindows.

Duolingo—Mostfunapp

ThispersonalisedEnglish-learningappturnsstudyingintoagame.Earnvirtualcoinstounlocknewlevelsand

spendthemonfunupgrades.Ananimatedowl（动画猫头离）keepsyoucompanyandencouragesyouasyoulearn.

Whenyouhavequestions,gethelpfromfellowstudentsinsidetheappusingtheDuolingomessageboards.

FreeandpaidversionsavailableforAndroid,iOSandWindows.

1.WhatcanwelearnaboutHelloEnglish?

A.Theuserscan'tplaygames.

B•ItmaynotsuitEnglishbeginners.

C.Itprovideslessonswithoutalanguagetest.

D.Theuserscanchatwith23nativespeakers.

2.Whichappbestsuitsthosewhowanttopractisepronunciation?

A.HelloEnglish.B.Duolingo.

C.RosettaStone.D.FluentU.

3.WhatisspecialaboutDuolingo?

A.Itonlyhasthepaidversion.

B.Theusersmustpayincashtoupgrade.

C.Anowlcananswerquestionsoftheusers.

D.ItcombinesEnglishlearningwithentertainment.

【答案】1.B2.C3.D

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四种最受欢迎的提高英语的应用程序。

1.细节理解题。根据“HelloEnglish—Bestappformiddlelearners”部分中的“Ifyoualreadyunderstandthe

basicsbutwanttoimproveyourEnglish,this叩pisforyou.（如果你已经理解了基础，但想提高你的英语，这个

应用程序适合你户可知，Hell。English可能不适合英语初学者。故选B。

2.细节理解题。根据“RosettaStone—Mostmulti-useapp”部分中的"RosettaStoneincludeslessonson

pronunciationsoyoucanimproveyourEnglishaccent.（RosettaStone包括发音课程，这样你就可以改善你的英

语口音厂可知，RosellaStone最适合那些想要练习发音的人。故选C。

3.细节理解题。根据“DuolingoMostfunapp”部分中的"ThispersonalisedEngiish-learningappturnsstudying

intoagame.Earnvirtualcoinstounlocknewlevelsandspendthemonfunupgrades.（这款个性化的英语学习应

用程序将学习变成了一场游戏。赚取虚拟货币来解锁新关卡，并将其用于有趣的升级）”可知，Duolingo把英

语学习和娱乐结合了起来。故选D。

B

Everydayforaweek,astrange,happyvisitorwoulddroptoplaywithVanessaPrior'spetdogBobby.Prior

thoughtBobbyhadmadeanewdogfriend.ItseemedveryfriendlyandgotwellalongwithBobby.Theywouldrun

aftereachother,playonthepoolcover,gentlywrestle（摔跤）ornapsidebyside.

Atfirstshethoughtitwasawilddog.ButwhenshepostedaphotoofthetwoplayingonherFacebook,apet

rescuecentrecalledher.ThegrouptoldhertheAtlantaWolfProjecthadbeentryingtocatchthewolfformonths,

buttheyfailed.Priorgavethemnewhope.

Becauseofthewolfsfriendshipwithherpetdog,itwaslikelytocomebacktoherbackyard.Researchers

hopedPriorcouldhelpthem.Whentheyputsometraps（陷阱）inthebackofheryard,Priorgotaverycomplicated

（复杂的）feeling.Shecouldn'tdescribewhatitwas.Thewolfwouldbeinasafeplace,butshewoulddosomething

thatharmedBobby'sfeelings.

ResearcherstoldPriorthattheywouldtaketherare,blackwolftotheYellowRiverWildlifeSanctuarywhere

itwouldlivewithanotherwolf.Theydidn'tthinkitasatisfyingsituationforawildanimallikeawolftohavea

connectionwithhumans9life.Theyneedtokeepanaturalawarenesstohumansandpetsandkeeptothemselves.

Wolfexpertsaddedtheywouldlookintothegeneticsoftheanimaltotrytolearnwhyitlikedtogetcloseto

peopleandtriedtoplaywiththeirpets.Someexpertsbelieveitcouldhaveahistorywithwell-meaninghumans.

PriorhadnotexpectedthatsheandBobbyshouldmeetsuchaspecialandlovelywolf.Theyjusthopedthedear

friendallthebest.

4.WhathappenedtoVanessaPrioraccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Shedidn'tlikeherdog'snewfriend.

B.Shewasawardedforherhelpfulpicture.

C.Sherealisedherdogmadefriendswithawolf.

D.Shecalledthepetrescuecentretocatchthewolf.

5.HowdidPriorfeelwhensometrapswereset?

A.ShewasafraidtoloseBobby.

B.Sheregrettedhelpingtheresearchers.

C.Shewasworriedaboutthewolf'sfuture.

D.Shehadbittersweetfeelingsaboutthewolf.

6.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheblackwoiffromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Itisakindandsociableanimal.

B.Itwasoncekeptasahumanpet.

C.Itwillbesenttothewildtolivewithotheranimals.

D.Ithasagreatawarenessofdistancingitselffromhumans.

7.Wherecanthepassagemostprobablyappear?

A.Inamedicalreport.B.Inatravelleaflet.

C.Inanaturemagazine.D.Inascientificresearch.

【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.C

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了VanessaPrior的宠物狗Bobby和一只狼成为了朋友，宠物救

援中心看到J'她在Facebook上的照片后，联系到了她，准备捕捉这只狼，并将其带到保护区中生活。

4.细节理解题。根据第一段中“PriorthoughtBobbyhadmadeanewdogfriend.（Prior还以为Bobby交了个新

的狗狗朋友）”及第二段中"ButwhenshepostedaphotoofthetwoplayingonherFacebook,apetrescuecentre

calledher.ThegrouptoldhertheAtlantaWolfProjecthadbeentryingtocatchthewolfformonths,butthey

failed.（但当她在脸书上发布了一张两只狗玩耍的照片时，一家宠物救援中心给她打了电话。该组织告诉她，

‘亚特兰大狼计戈『几个月来一直试图捕捉这只狼，但他们失败了）''可知，起初Prior以为那是•只野狗，但

当她在Facebook上发布了它们玩耍的照片后，一家宠物救援中心给她打电话，VanessaPrior才意识到她的

狗和一只狼成了朋友。故选C。

5.细节理解题。根据第三段中“Whentheyputsometraps（陷阱）inthebackofheryard,Priorgotavery

complicated（复杂的）feeling.（当他们在她的后院放了一些陷阱时，Prior有一种非常复杂的感觉）”可知，当他

们设置陷阱时，Prior对狼有苦乐参半的复杂感觉。故选D。

6.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Wolfexpertsaddedtheywouldlookintothegeneticsoftheanimaltotrytolearn

whyitlikedtogetclosetopeopleandtriedtoplaywiththeirpets.Someexpertsbelieveitcouldhaveahistory

withwell-meaninghumans.（狼类专家补充说，他们将研究这种动物的基因，试图了解为什么它喜欢接近人类，

并试图与人类的宠物玩耍。一些专家认为它可能与善意的人类有一段历史）“可推知，这只黑狼善良且善于交

际。故选A。

7.推理判断题。文章主要讲述了VanessaPrior的宠物狗Bobby和一只狼成为了朋友的故事。由此推知，本

文可能出现在自然杂志上。故选C。

4.【江苏省常州一中2022.2023学年高一上学期期中试题】

A

Stayingpositivehasbeentoughinthepastyear.Sincethepandemicbegan,threetimesasmanyAmerican

adultshavereportedcasesofanxietycomparedwith2019.Thankfully,herearethreewaystoimproveyour

relationshipwiththepersoninthemirror.

EngageinSmarterSelf-talk

InhislabattheUniversityofMichigan,Krossaskssubjectstotalktothemselvesinthesecondperson,andto

usetheirownname.Insteadofsaying,'TmsonervousaboutthismeetingonTuesday,"say,"（Yourname）,youseem

prettynervousaboutthismeeting."Kross'sresearchshowsthatthissimplechangeinlanguagegetspeopleinto

problem-solvingmodequicker.

RepeataTaskYou'reGoodAt

WhenCanadianpsychologistPatrickKeelan'shelpingpeoplewithlowself-respect,hesuggeststheyregularly

takepartinactivitiesthatuseorimprovetheirskills.Accordingtoa14-yearstudyof7,000volunteers,youcan

increaseyourself-respectateveryageifyouknowyoucandowellinwhatyouareinterestedin.

Lookback

Whilesomeresearchsuggestshappinessincreaseswithage,studiesalsosuggestthatself-respectreachesthe

highestpointatage60,thenreduces.Ina2015studyfromIran,agroupofmenwholosttheirwives60andover

sharedmemoriesoftheeventsandlifelessonsthathadshapedtheirlives.This"encouragedasenseofidentity（身

份）andapositivecontributiontothenextgeneration,theresearchersreported.So,lookbackbylookingthrough

aphotoalbumwithlovedonesorplayingmusicthatremindsyouofmeaningfulmoments.

1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“subjects“inparagraph2referto?

A.Lessonsofferedintheuniversity.

B.Modeshelpingsolvetheproblem.

C.People（takingpartintheexperiment.）

D.Researchersperformingtheexperiment.

2.Whichwaywouldbehelpfulifanelderlostthebeloved?

A.Thefirstone.B.Thesecondone.C.Thethirdone.D.None.

3.Allthethreewaysare.

A.science-backedB.advanced.C.challengingD.task-based

【答案】1.C2.C3.A

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在疫情期间和自己更好的相处的三种方式。

1.词句猜测题。文章中本次出现的语境是研究者做实验，这个词含义是“实验对象”，根据下文中的

“talktothemselvesinthesecondperson,andtousetheirownname.”（让他们用第二人称自言自语），可

知是指参加实验的人。故选C项。

2.细节理解题。根据最后一段

44Ina2015studyfromIran,agroupofmenwholosttheirwives60andoversharedmemoriesofthee

ventsandlifelessonsthathadshapedtheirlives.This"encouragedasenseofidentity（身

份）andapositivecontributiontothenextgeneration/5theresearchersreported.”（在伊朗2015年的•项

研究中，一群60岁及以上失去妻子的男人分享了塑造他们生活的事件和人生教训的记忆。这“鼓励了一种

认同感和对下一代的积极贡献，'‘研究人员报告说）可知如果长者失去至爱，第三种方法Lookback对他们

是有用的。故选C项。

3.推理判断题。第一种方法中提到了“Inhislab”（在他的实验室里），第二种方法中提到“psychologist”

（心理学家），第三种方法提至estudyfh）mIran”（伊朗的研究）。因此可知这三项都是有专业人士参加的，

科学验证的方法。故选A项。

B

GettingtoAntarcticaisnoteasy.Thefewwhoareluckyenoughtovisitthismostmysteriouscontinentdoso

byships.ToreachAntarctica,shipsmustpassthroughanotoriouslyviolentareaofoceancalledtheDrakePassage,

consideredtobetherougheststretchofseaontheplanet.

Wallsofwaterthirty,sometimesfortyfeethighcontinuallycrashedaboutourshipfortwosoliddays.We

wouldholdontoaropeinsidetheshipwhilebeingviolentlytippedtooneextremeside,thentotheother,andthen

backagain.MydaughterClaireandIwereasmentallypreparedaswecouldbe.

AbouttwoandahalfdaysafterenteringtheDrakePassage,thewaterscalmed.Soon,wenoticedsmallblack

spotsonnearbypiecesoffloatingice.Emperorpenguins!Then,webeganthetwo-milehikeovertheicetothe

penguincolony.Withinseveralhundredyards,littleclustersofemperors,perhapstenorsoatatime,greetedus,

slidingontheirbelliesandmakingtheirwonderfulnoises,sortofanasallysqueal.

Onedaytwoadultemperorswiththeirthreechicksin-towapproachedClaire,whowasrestingontheice.

Theyleftthechickswithher,asifshewerethebabysitter.Twentyminuteslatertheyreturnedtocollectthechicks.

AndIwillneverforgetthepenguinthat,whenIjokinglyaskedwhichwaybacktothehelicopters,pointedawing

inthecorrectdirection.Everynightaboardoursafeandwarmship,wethoughtaboutwhatittakestosurvivein

Antarctica,anincrediblyharshplace.

Buteachdayontheice,wealsothoughtabouttheDrakepassage,thatmonstrousbodyofwaterwehadto

enduretogetwherewewere.Overthecourseofourvisit,wecametorespectthepowerofthatsea.Westilltalk

aboutthepenguins,asI'msurewealwayswill.ButwetalkabouttheDraketoo.Bothexperienceswere

unforgettable,andonewouldnothavebeepossiblewithouttheother.

4.Whatdoesthewordnotoriouslymeaninparagraph1?

A.Frequentlytraveled.B.Hardtolocate.

C.Recognizednegatively.D.Aimlesslysailed.

5.WhichoftheflowingbestdescribethevoyageintheDrakepassage?

A.Tough.B.Complicated.

C.Smooth.D.Boring.

6.Whatdoestheauthormostlyfocusesonpenguinswhendescribingthem?

A.Dependenceononeanother.

B.Collectingtheirbabychicksintime.

C.Abilitytosurviveintheirenvironment.

D.Friendlyandentertainingbehavior.

7.Whatdidtheauthormostlikelygainfromhisexperience?

A.Anawarenessofthetypesofactivitieshisdaughterenjoys.

B.Anunderstandingofhowanimalssurviveincoldclimates.

C.Anincreasedrespectforthepowerofnature.

D.Aninterestinotherjourneysthatinvolvephysicalchallenges.

【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.C

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和女儿去南极洲的路程中成功穿越德雷克海峡，并最终

看到了帝企鹅。

4.词句猜测题。根据下文“consideredtobetherougheststretchofseaontheplanet.（它被认为是地球上最汹涌

的海域）”可知，耍到达南极洲，船只必须经过一片以波涛汹涌著称的海域——德雷克海峡。划线单词

notoriously为“臭名昭著地；声名狼藉地选项A.''Frequentlytraveled.（经常旅游）”；选项B.“Hardtolocate

（很难找到）”；选项C.“Recognizednegatively.（负面公认的户;选项D.“Aimlesslysailed.（漫无目的地航行）”。

选择项C与划线词含义最为相似。故选C。

5.推理判断题。根据第二段“Wallsofwaterthirty,sometimesfortyfeethighcontinuallycrashedaboutourshipfor

twosoliddays.Wewouldholdontoaropeinsidetheshipwhilebeingviolentlytippedtooneextremeside,thento

theother,andthenbackagain.有时四十英尺高的水墙，在整整两天的时间里，不断地在我们的船

上撞击。我们会紧紧抓住船内的一根绳子，同时被猛烈地向一边倾斜，然后向另一边倾斜，然后又回到一

边）”可推断，德雷克海峡非常难穿越。故选A。

6.推理判断题。根据第三段“Withinseveralhundredyards,littleclustersofemperors,perhapstenorsoatatime,

greetedus,slidingontheirbelliesandmakingtheirwonderfulnoises,sortofanasallysqueal.（在几百码之内，一

群群的帝王企鹅，一次大概有10只左右，向我们打招呼，它们用肚子滑来滑去，发出美妙的声音，像是一

种带鼻音的尖叫）”以及第四段“AndIwillneverforgetthepenguinthat,whenIjokinglyaskedwhichwaybackto

thehelicopters,pointedawinginthecorrectdirection.（我永远不会忘记，当我开玩笑地问那只企鹅回直升机的

路时，它把翅膀指向了正确的方向）“可推断，作者在描述帝王企鹅时，重点描述了这些企鹅的友好和有趣的

行为。故选D。

7.细节理解题。根据最后一段“Overthecourseofourvisit,wecametorespectthepowerofthatsea.（在我们的

访问过程中，我们开始尊重大海的力量广可知，作者的这次南极洲之旅，使作者更加尊重自然的力量。故选

Co

5.【江苏省百校2022-2023学年高一12月大联考英语试卷】

BeforeIcantellyouwhathappenedtome,youfirstmustlearnaboutmyjob:performunderwaterrepairs.As

youknow,myofficeliesatthebottomofthesea.Iwearasuittooffice.Ifsawetsuit.

Thistimeofyearthewaterisquitecool.Sowhatwedotokeepwarmisawaterheater.This$20,000pieceof

equipmentthatsucksthewateroutofthesea.Itheatsittoadelightfultemperature.Itthenpumpsitdowntothe

diver（潜水员）throughagardenpipe.

Now,thisallsoundslikeawonderfulplan,andFveuseditseveraltimes.

WhatIdowhenIgettothebottomistakethepipeandstuffitdownthebackofmywetsuit.Thisfloodsmy

wholesuitwithwarmwater.It5sfantastic.

Everythingwasgoingwelluntilallofasudden,mybutt（屁股）startedtoitch（痒）.So,ofcourse,Iscratchedit.

This,ofcourse,onlymadethingsworse.Withinafewsecondsmybuttstartedtofeelhot.Ipulledthepipeoutfrom

myback,thinkingthatmaybethewalerwastoohot,butthedamagewasdone.

Inpain,Irealizedwhathadhappened.Thehotwatermachinehadsuckedupajellyfish（水母）andpumpedit

directlyintomysuit.Now,sinceIdon'thaveanyhaironmyback,thejellyfishcouldn'tsticktoit.

Iimmediatelyinformedthedivedirectorofmysituationoverthecommunicator.Hisreplywasuncleardueto

thefactthathe,alongwithfiveotherdivers,werealllaughinghysterically.

Needlesstosay,Igaveupthedive.AsIclimbedoutofthewater,thedoctor,withtearsoflaughterrunning

downhisface,hand