（九省新高考）决胜高考仿真模拟卷05

备战2024年高考英语模拟卷05（九省新高考卷）（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Howdoesthemanusuallygotowork?A．Bycar. B．Bybike. C．Bytaxi.【答案】B【原文】W:Harry,whereareyouworking?Inasteelfactory?M:No,Iserveasasecretaryinabigpany.W:Howdoyougotowork?Bycarorbybus?M:Usuallybybike,butItakeataxiwhentheweatherisbad.2．Whenwillthetrainarrive?A．At4:50. B．At5:10. C．At10:15.【答案】B【原文】M:Thetrainshouldarrivenow.What’sthetimebyyourwatch?W:Letmesee.It’stentofive.We’llhavetowaitanothertwentyminutesbeforeitarrives.Justbepatient.3．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Inarestaurant. B．Inaclass. C．Inafamily.【答案】A【原文】M:I’mafraidyou’vemadeamistake.Ihaven’torderedthiscourse.W:Sosorry,Imusthaveconfusedtheorders.I’llbringyouahotonerightawayandthiscourseisforyouwithoutextramoney.4．Whydoesthewomancongratulatetheman?A．He’sgettingmarried. B．Hebeesadoctor. C．He’sjustbeeafather.【答案】C【原文】M:How’smywife?W:Congratulations!Yourwifegavebirthtoabeautifulbabygirl.M:ThankGod!Doctor,canIseemywifenow?W:Sure.She’sabittiredandstressed.Butdon’tworry,sheisingoodhands.5．Howdoesthemanfindtheadvicefromthewoman?A．Ridiculous. B．Helpful. C．Funny.【答案】A【原文】M:Theloudnoiseiskillingme.W:Oh,wehavenochoicebuttoputupwithit;thehousenextdoorisbeingdecorated.Maybeyoucanworkonyourdesignintheevening.M:Areyoujoking?Itisduetomorrow.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6．WhatwillthewomandothisSunday?A．Reviewherlessons. B．Takeamathexam. C．Tendtohercousins.7．Whoisexpertatmakingpizzas?A．Alice. B．Peter. C．Mike.【答案】6．A7．B【原文】M:Hi,Alice,I’mgoingtoholdapartythisSunday.Wouldyouliketoe?W:Oh,I’dloveto,butIhavetostudytoprepareforamathexamonMonday.Thankyouforinvitingme.Whoelsewillgototheparty?M:Well,anumberofpeoplehaven’trepliedyet.ButPeterandMikearegoingtohelpoutwiththecooking.W:Hey,IknowPeterisskilledatmakingpizzas.M:Thatsoundsdelicious!MyItaliancousinsaregoingtobethere.I’msuretheywillloveit.W:Really?Hopeyouallhaveagoodtime!听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。8．WhatdidSarahdoalmosteverydayduringhertrip?A．Sheplayedthepiano. B．Shewentswimming. C．Shedidherhomework.9．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Schoolmates. B．Guideandtourist. C．Teacherandstudent.【答案】8．B9．A【原文】M:HeySarah,weleback!Howwasthetrip?W:Fantastic.Igotahighscoreinmypianoexam.MymomwassoproudthatsheletmehaveanysouvenirIwanted.MCool,whatdidyouget?W:Iwantedsomethingtoremindmeofallthebreathtakinglandscapes,soIgotthisglassbottlefilledwithsandfromthedifferentbeacheswevisited.M:Wow,it’ssopretty.Ihearthebeachestherearefantastic.Didyoudoalotofswimming?W:Absolutely.Thewaterwassocleanandclear.Iwentforaswimalmosteveryday.M:That’ssocool.I’mtotallyjealous.Itrainedhereprettymuchwhileyouweregone.W:Atleastyoudon’thavetocatchuponhomeworklikeme.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。10．Whatdoweknowabouttheweatherlastweek?A．Itwasdry. B．Itwasstormy. C．Itwascold.11．Whatdoesthespeakersuggestdoing?A．Drivingslowly. B．Avoidinggoingout. C．Preparingenoughfood.12．Whatcanpeopleexpectnextmonth?A．Heavyrainfall. B．Extremecold. C．Strongwinds.13．WhoisprobablyDan?A．Aweatherman. B．Asportsjournalist. C．Afinancenewshost.【答案】10．A11．C12．B13．C【原文】Goodevening.ThisisAlanRickmanherewiththisweek’sweatherreport.Afteraweekofdryweather,there’sahugestormingfromthewest.Weareexpectingheavysnowfallandstrongwindstomorrowmorning.ThetemperaturesmightdropsharplywithalowofminustendegreesCelsius.Iwon’tbesurprisedifschoolsgetclosed.Sobecarefulwhengoingoutside.Ifyouhavetogoout,dresswarmlyanddon’tstayoutsidefortoolong.Roadconditionsmightbepoor,soavoiddrivingifyoucan.Youshouldstoreenoughfoodandothernecessaryitemsquickly,justincaseyou’llhavetostayathomeforacoupleofdaysoncethestormhits.OnWednesday,thetemperaturevariesfromminusfivedegreesCelsiustominuseight.Itseemsthatthestormwillleaveontheweekendwithlightsnowexpected.Nextmonththedryweatherwilleback,butitwon’tbringbackthewarmthweenjoyedlastweek,buttheseverecoldinstead.Sorryforallthebadnewstothosewhoenjoyoutdoorsports.Andthat’syourweatherreport.Haveagreatevening!Now,backtoDanwithtonight’sbusinessnews.听下面一段长材料，回答以下小题。14．Whatisthispetitionabout?A．Savingenergyathome. B．Reducingnoisepollution. C．Usingtechnologycreatively.15．Whatisthestoneusedfor?A．Startingthemachine. B．Increasingairpressure. C．Producingcarbondioxide.16．Whydoesthewomanetotheman?A．Todiscussthewayofwritingapaper.B．Tofindtherightmaterialforamodel.C．Tostudytheapproachtodetaileddrawings.【答案】14．C15．A16．B【原文】W:Hello,Professor.CouldyouhelpmewithmyentryfortheDesignpetition?M:OK.Arethereanyrequirements?Forexample,savingenergyorproducingnonoise?W:Actuallythatwasthefocusinformerpetitions.Wehavetoadoptacreativeapproachtoexistingtechnologythisyear.M:Isee.Whatisyourdesign?W:Adishwasher.Hereismydrawing.M:There’sastoneatthebottom.Isthatfordecoration?W:No.Insteadofpushingabuttontostart,youturnthestone.M:Good,butwhatmakesyourdesigncreative?W:Myideaistogivepressuretothecarbondioxidesothatitbeesaliquid.Theliquidisusedtocleanthedishes.M:Abrilliantidea!W:Thankyou.Ihavetogiveapresentationaboutthedesign.I’vegotdetaileddrawingsanda500wordpaperonit,butIamnotsurewhatmaterialissuitableforamodelofthemachine.M:Isee.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17．WhatcanDevildo?A．Playmusic. B．Carryluggage. C．Removeblocks.18．WhichaspectofDevilisparticularlymentionedforimprovement?A．Itssteadiness. B．Itspower. C．Itsstructure.19．WhydidLinuploadhisvideo?A．Tokilltime. B．Torecordhislife. C．Toinfluencemoreyouth.20．WhendidLinrealizehisinventionscouldbenefitothers?A．In2018. B．In2019. C．In2021.【答案】17．B18．A19．C20．B【原文】

WhenBilibiliuploaderLinXiaohadtoomanybagstocarry,hebuiltarobottoaddresstheproblem.Therobot’sname?Devil!

ThenameesfromthebackgroundmusicDevil’sSwing.Itlookslikeasuitcase,whichcanfollowLineverywhereandavoidblocksinitspath.Besidescarryingbags,itcanbeusedfortransportandevenchargephones.

Therobothasasteelstructureanda3Dprintedplasticshell.Thebrainoftherobotispoweredbyanelectronicsplatform.Althoughittookeightmonthstomake,LinadmitsDevilisnotgoodenough,particularlyinitsphysicalstability.Linpresenteditinthevideojusttoinspiremoreyoungpeoplewiththeimaginationandpassiontocreate.

Lin’spassionforroboticsbeganinhisfirstyearathighschoolin2018,whenateacherdiscoveredhistalentforputersandadvancedhisskills.Oneyearlater,hedevelopedasmarthomesystem,whichmadehimunderstandhowhisproductscouldhelpothers.Asauniversityfreshmannow,Linbelievesheandhisproductswillmakeadifferenceinthefuture.第二部分

阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节

（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ANow,EarthDayiscelebratedaroundtheworld.Westillfacemanychallenges,suchasclimatechange,plasticpollution,anddeforestation.Butwecanallmakeadifference.HerTreesSaveLivesAdelineTiffanieSuwanawas12whenherfamily’shomeflooded.Indonesia,herislandnation,isoftenhithardbyfloodsandothernaturaldisasters.Adelinelearnedthatmangrovetreesplayakeyroleinfloodprotectionandralliedclassmatestoplant200treesduringaschoolbreak.TheystartedagroupcalledSahabatAlamorFriendsofNature,whichworkstoconservetheregion’sbiodiversityandbatclimatechange.Today.Adelineattendsuniversity,studyinghowbusinessescanhelptheenvironment.Teens’TwoFoldInventionEPS—expandedpolystyrenefoam—isthewhite,lightweightstuffusedtomakethingsliketakeoutfoodcontainers,foameggcartons,andpacking“peanuts”.Butittakesupalotofspaceandisdifficulttorecycle.EPSbreaksintosmallpiecesasitfloatsdownwaterwaysintooceans,harmingwildlifealongtheway.EighthgradersJuliaBray,LukeClay,andAshtonCoferlookedatEPS’schemicalmakeupandsawthatitwasmostlycarbon.Thatsparkedanidea.Couldtheyturnitintoactivatedcarbon,amaterialthatfilterstoxinsfromwater?After50hoursofexperiments,includingonethataccidentallysetthefamilygrillfire,theysucceeded!SolarforHerSchoolWhenClaireVlasesofMontanawasinseventhgrade,shelearnedaboutplanstoexpandandmodernizehermiddleschool.Claireaskedtheschoolboardtoaddsolarpanelstotheproject.Theboardlikedtheideabutsaiditcouldcontributejust$25,000,onefifthofthecost.SoClaireorganizedagroupofkidsandadultswhosettoworkraisingtherest.Theyaskedfordonations,evengoingdoortodoorforthem.Andtheyappealedtocharitablefoundationstoo.Oneevendonatedhalfthecost!Aftertwoyearsofhardwork,thegrouppaidforthesolarpanels,whichnowsupplyonefourthoftheschool’selectricityneeds.21．Whatdothethreegroupsofteenagershaveinmon?A．TheyareEarthhelpingheroes. B．Theyarefromislandcountries.C．Theyarehighschoolstudents. D．Theyarekeenonexperiments.22．Howmuchdidoneofthecharitableorganizationsdonateforsolarpanels?A．$25,000. B．$50,000. C．$62,500. D．$125,000.23．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．Togivemodelsforcolorfulschoolactivities.B．Toexplorethewaystodealwithplasticpollution.C．Toinspirepeopletoactforenvironmentalproblems.D．Todisplaytheamazingpowerofeffectivecooperation.【答案】21．A22．C23．C【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍一些学生形成组织为保护地球做出的事迹。21．推理判断题。由文章第一段“Now,EarthDayiscelebratedaroundtheworld.Westillfacemanychallenges,suchasclimatechange,plasticpollution,anddeforestation.Butwecanallmakeadifference.(现在，世界各地都在庆祝地球日。我们仍然面临许多挑战，如气候变化、塑料污染和森林砍伐。但我们都可以有所作为。)”以及下文可知，文章主要介绍一些学生形成组织为保护地球做出的事迹。所以本文中的青少年都是保护地球的英雄们。故选A项。22．细节理解题。由文章SolarforHerSchool中“Claireaskedtheschoolboardtoaddsolarpanelstotheproject.Theboardlikedtheideabutsaiditcouldcontributejust$25,000,onefifthofthecost.(克莱尔要求学校董事会为该项目增加太阳能电池板。董事会喜欢这个想法，但表示只能出资25000美元，即成本的五分之一。)”以及“Theyaskedfordonations,evengoingdoortodoorforthem.Andtheyappealedtocharitablefoundationstoo.Oneevendonatedhalfthecost!(他们要求捐款，甚至挨家挨户地为他们募捐。他们也呼吁慈善基金会。其中一个慈善基金会甚至捐出了一半的费用！)”可知，总共费用需要25,000*5=125,000，其中一半是65,000。故选C项。23．推理判断题。由文章第一段“Now,EarthDayiscelebratedaroundtheworld.Westillfacemanychallenges,suchasclimatechange,plasticpollution,anddeforestation.Butwecanallmakeadifference.(现在，世界各地都在庆祝地球日。我们仍然面临许多挑战，如气候变化、塑料污染和森林砍伐。但我们都可以有所作为。)”以及下文可知，文章主要介绍一些学生形成组织为保护地球做出的事迹。所以这篇文章举例展示有效合作的惊人力量。故选C项。BParentsoftenthinkthattheirkidsshouldbegoodatstudiesanddowellinsports.That’susuallythecasebecauseparentsfeelthatcouldgettheirchildrenadmissiontotopcolleges.However,MelissaandMarkWimmerthinkdifferently.Their14yearoldson,Mike,isaprodigy.HeisamemberofMensa,whichistheworld’stopIQclub.Hepletedhishighschool,associate’sandbachelor’sdegreesallinthreeyears.That’snotall.Healsorantwotechpanies,foundedathirdonethatworkstowardscontrollingthepopulationoflionfish,aninvasive(入侵的)species.ButtheparentsareproudthattheywereabletohelpMikewithhissocialskillsalongwithhisintellectualskills.MelissatoldCNBCthatpeopleexpected“YoungSheldon”beforetheymetherson.YoungSheldonisatelevisionshowaboutachildtalentwhoisanindoormanandlackssocialskills.“ButoncetheytalktoMike,theyunderstandthathe’sjustanormal14yearoldthathappenstobeabletodoamazingthings,”saidMelissa.MarkandMelissagottoknowabouttheirchild’sintelligencewhenheenteredpreschool.Achildpsychologisttoldthemthattheirsonwouldneedadifferentcoursetosupporthisfasttrackdevelopment.Manyparentsaren’tfortablewithputtingtheirchildrenwith18yearolds,butMike’sparentssawthevalueinlettingtheirchildgothroughit.“Iwantedhimtobesocialandbeabletodealwithallthedifferentpersonalitiesintheclassroomswitholderchildren,”saidMelissa.TheparentssharedthattheywereabletodothisbylettingMikefindhisownvoiceandputittouse.“Welethimorderfoodwhenhe’s3or4fromthewaiterorwaitressandintroducehimselftopeople.Thosekindsofthingsaredonetoencouragehimtoengagewitheveryoneelseandbemorefortabletalkingtoothersoutsideofourenvironment,”saidMelissa.Thankstohisparents,Mikehaslearnedtogetalongwithyoungandoldalike.24．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“aprodigy”inparagraph2referto?A．Agiftedperson. B．Afamousstudent.C．Abrilliantbiologist. D．Asuccessfulbusinessman.25．WhatcanweinferaboutthechildintheshowYoungSheldon?A．Helikestomakefriends. B．Heisawellroundedman.C．Heisapopularchildactor. D．Heispooratdealingwithpeople.26．HowdidMarkandMelissadiscoverMike’shighintelligence?A．Througharemendationfromachildpsychologist.B．ThroughobservingMike’sbehaviorinpreschool.C．Throughparticipatinginaspecialeducationalprogram.D．ThroughtheinformationprovidedbyMike’sschoolteachers.27．WhatdoMike’sparentsdotoimprovehissocialskills?A．Teachhimsomemunicationrules. B．Encouragehimtospeakinclass.C．Placehiminsocialsituations. D．Lethimgotoschoolalone.【答案】24．A25．D26．A27．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了天才少年Mike的父母在助力儿子发展智力的同时，鼓励并帮助他发展社交技能的故事。24．词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“HeisamemberofMensa,whichistheworld’stopIQclub.Hepletedhishighschool,associate’sandbachelor’sdegreesallinthreeyears.(他是全球顶尖的智商俱乐部门萨的成员。他在三年内完成了高中、副学士和学士学位)”可知，Mike的智商非常高，学习能力非常强，能迅速完成学业。由此可知，他应该是一个天才，aprodigy意思应该是“极具天赋的人”。故选A项。25．推理判断题。根据第三段中“YoungSheldonisatelevisionshowaboutachildtalentwhoisanindoormanandlackssocialskills.(《小谢尔顿》是一部关于一个天才少年的电视节目，他是一个宅在家里的男孩，缺乏社交能力)”可知，《小谢尔顿》这部剧中的天才少年宅在家里，缺乏社交能力。由此可知，他不善于与人打交道。故选D项。26．细节理解题。根据第四段中“MarkandMelissagottoknowabouttheirchild’sintelligencewhenheenteredpreschool.Achildpsychologisttoldthemthattheirsonwouldneedadifferentcoursetosupporthisfasttrackdevelopment.(Mark和Melissa在孩子上幼儿园的时候就开始了解他的智商了。一位儿童心理学家告诉他们，他们的儿子需要一个不同的处理方式来支持他的快速发展)”可知，通过一位儿童心理学家的建议，Mark和Melissa发现了Mike的高智商。故选A项。27．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Melissa所说的话“Welethimorderfoodwhenhe’s3or4fromthewaiterorwaitressandintroducehimselftopeople.Thosekindsofthingsaredonetoencouragehimtoengagewitheveryoneelseandbemorefortabletalkingtoothersoutsideofourenvironment(当他三四岁的时候，我们让他从服务员那里点餐，并向人们介绍自己。做这些事情是为了鼓励他和其他人交流，让他更愿意和我们环境之外的人交流)”可知，Mike的父母让他置身社交场合中，鼓励他和其他人交流，从而提高他的社交技能。故选C项。CTonallanguagesusepitch(音调)todistinguishwordsthatotherwisemightsoundthesame.InMandarin,forinstance,mămeanshorsewhereasmãmeansmother.NontonallanguageslikeSpanishsometimesincludepitchchangestosuggestemotion,forexample,butnottochangeaword’smeaning.AsaMandarinspeakerandmusician,JingxuanLiuwonderedaboutthecrossover(融合)betweenlanguageandmusic.WhilestudyingatDukeUniversity,Liuhelpedanalyzethemusicalabilitiesofnearlyhalfamillionpeoplefrom203countries.Hercolleagueshadlaunchedanonlinegameinwhichparticipantspletedseveralmusicaltasks,includingidentifyingmatchingmelodiesatdifferentpitchesandfindingbeattracksthatfitsongs’rhythms.Onaverage,nativespeakersofthe19representedtonallanguageswerebetteratthemelodytaskparedwithspeakersof29nontonallanguages.Andtheeffectwasn’tsmallatonalfirstlanguagestrengthenedmelodicunderstandingbyabouthalftheamountthatmusiclessonsdid,whichwasalsosurveyed.Buttonallanguagesspeakerstendedtobeworseattherhythmtask.Humansmustbechoosyaboutwhattheypayattentionto.Pitchpatternsarequiteimportantintonallanguages,whichmightexplainthebalancingactinmusic.“You’vegotafiniteresourceofattention,andyou’vegottodivideupthatsomehow,”saysstudycoauthorCourtneyHilton,ascientistattheUniversityofAucklandinNewZealand.Priorresearchonlanguageandmusicoftenparedjusttwotongues,usuallyEnglishandMandarin.Butotherculturalinfluences,suchasEasternandWesternmusicstyles,couldhaveaffectedresults.Byexaminingawiderangeofpeople,thenewstudyincludedlanguagesneverestimatedinthiswayandreachedmoregeneralizableconclusion.“Ourresulthereisshowingthatthelanguagesomeonespeakswhichisanimportantpartofculture—alsoshapescognition,”Hiltonsays.28．WhydidLiu’scolleagueslaunchtheonlinegame?A．Toattractmorestudentstodotheresearch.B．Tolearnaboutdifferentpeople’smusicalabilities.C．Toconfirmtheroleofmusicinpeople’slanguagelearning.D．Tofindthedifferencebetweentonallanguagesandnontonalones.29．Whatwerenativespeakersoftonallanguagesbetteratthanthoseofnontonallanguages?A．Findingbeattracks. B．Suggestingemotion.C．Distinguishingwordmeanings. D．Figuringoutmatchingmelodies.30．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“finite”inparagraph4mean?A．Valued. B．Limited. C．Special. D．Potential.31．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeLiu’sstudy?A．Groundbreaking. B．Brainwashing. C．Inefficient. D．Unreliable.【答案】28．B29．D30．B31．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲了一项新的研究发现，声调语言的人比非声调语言的人在音乐旋律任务上表现得更好，在节奏任务中表现更差。28．细节理解题。根据第二段“AsaMandarinspeakerandmusician,JingxuanLiuwonderedaboutthecrossover(融合)betweenlanguageandmusic.WhilestudyingatDukeUniversity,Liuhelpedanalyzethemusicalabilitiesofnearlyhalfamillionpeoplefrom203countries.Hercolleagueshadlaunchedanonlinegameinwhichparticipantspletedseveralmusicaltasks,includingidentifyingmatchingmelodiesatdifferentpitchesandfindingbeattracksthatfitsongs’rhythms.(作为一名讲普通话的音乐家，刘静轩对语言和音乐之间的交叉感到好奇。在杜克大学学习期间，刘帮助分析了来自203个国家的近50万人的音乐能力。她的同事们推出了一个在线游戏，参与者要完成几个音乐任务，包括识别不同音高的匹配旋律，找到适合歌曲节奏的节拍)”可知，刘的同事们为推出这款网络游戏是为了了解不同的人的音乐能力。故选B项。29．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Onaverage,nativespeakersofthe19representedtonallanguageswerebetteratthemelodytaskparedwithspeakersof29nontonallanguages.Andtheeffectwasn’tsmallatonalfirstlanguagestrengthenedmelodicunderstandingbyabouthalftheamountthatmusiclessonsdid,whichwasalsosurveyed.(平均而言，19种声调语言的母语人士比29种非声调语言的母语人士在旋律任务上表现得更好。而且效果并不小，一门有音调的第一语言对旋律理解的增强效果大约是音乐课的一半，这也是调查的结果)”可知，母语为声调语言的人比母语为非声调语言的人更擅长找出匹配的旋律。故选D项。30．词句猜测题。划线词句前文“Humansmustbechoosyaboutwhattheypayattentionto.Pitchpatternsarequiteimportantintonallanguages,whichmightexplainthebalancingactinmusic.(人类必须对自己关注的东西有所选择。音高模式在声调语言中非常重要，这也许可以解释音乐中的平衡行为)”说明，人类必须对他们所关注的东西有选择性，从而推知划线词句“You’vegotafiniteresourceofattention,andyou’vegottodivideupthatsomehow(你的注意力资源是finite，你必须以某种方式分配它)”其中划线词应为“有限的”的意思，与B项Limited“有限的”同义。故选B项。31．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Priorresearchonlanguageandmusicoftenparedjusttwotongues,usuallyEnglishandMandarin.Butotherculturalinfluences,suchasEasternandWesternmusicstyles,couldhaveaffectedresults.Byexaminingawiderangeofpeople,thenewstudyincludedlanguagesneverestimatedinthiswayandreachedmoregeneralizableconclusion.(之前关于语言和音乐的研究通常只比较两种语言，通常是英语和普通话。但其他文化影响，如东西方音乐风格，可能会影响结果。通过对大范围人群的调查，这项新研究包括了从未以这种方式估计过的语言，并得出了更普遍的结论)”可推知，刘的研究是开创性的。故选A项。DProfessorsattheUniversityofCaliforniaSanDiegohavedevelopedmicrorobots,whichcanbeapotentialtreatmentforlifethreateningcasesofbacterialpneumonia,aseriousdiseaseaffectinglungsandmakingbreathingdifficult.Inmice,themicrorobotssafelyremovedpneumoniacausingbacteriainthelungsandresultedin100%survivalwhileuntreatedmicealldiedwithinthreedaysafterinfection.Themicrorobotsaremadeofalgae(藻类)cellswhosesurfacesarecoveredwithsubstancesthatarefilledwithantibiotics(抗生素).Thealgaeprovidesmovement,whichallowsthemicrorobotstoswimaroundandmakeantibioticsgodirectlytomorebacteriainthelungs,helpingabsorbbacteriaandclearthemofinfectedcells.Thisgivethemicrorobotstheabilitytoreducebacterialinfection,whichinturnmakesthemmoreeffectiveatfightinglunginfection.TheworkisajointeffortbyengineeringprofessorsJosephandZhangLiangfang.Together,theyhavepioneeredthedevelopmentoftinydrugdeliveringrobotsthatcanbesafelyusedinliveanimalstotreatbacterialinfectionsinthestomachandblood.Treatingbacteriallunginfectionisthelatestintheirlineofwork.“Inthetraditionaltreatment,sometimesonlyaverysmallnumberofantibioticswillgetintothelungs.That’swhymanycurrentantibiotictreatmentsforpneumoniadon’tworkaswellasneeded,”saidVictorNizet,acoworkerofJosephandZhang“Basedonthesemousedata,weseethatthemicrorobotscouldpotentiallyimprovetheuseofantibioticstokillbacteriaandsavemorepatients’lives.”Theworkisstillattheproofofconceptstage.Theteamplanstodomorebasicresearchtounderstandexactlyhowthemicrorobotsinteractwiththeimmunesystem(免疫系统).Nextstepsalsoincludestudiestoconfirmtheeffectivenessofthemicrorobottreatmentbeforetestingitinlargeranimalsandeventually,inhumans.“We’repushingtheboundaryfurtherinthefieldoftargeteddrugdelivery,”saidZhang.32．Howdomicrorobotswork?A．Bydoingtargeteddrugdelivery.B．Byinteractingwithantibioticfilledmatter.C．Byproducingalgaecellsinlungs.D．Byseparatingharmfulcellsfromhealthyones.33．WhatisVictorNizet’sattitudetowardstheinvention?A．Doubtful. B．Subjective. C．Cautious. D．Favorable.34．Whatdoestheteamexpectofthemicrorobots?A．They’llinspireanewlineofresearch.B．They’llhelpstrengthentheimmunesystem.C．They’llhaveawiderrangeofapplication.D．They’llbeafurtherproofoftheirconcept.35．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Ascientificinventiontreatingdeadlycancers.B．Tinyswimmingrobotshelpingtreatpneumonia.C．Amajorbreakthroughmadeinantibioticresearch.D．Microrobotsemployedintheengineeringfield.【答案】32．A33．D34．C35．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种由藻类细胞制成的微型机器人，这种机器人可以在肺中四处游动并直接向细菌输送抗生素，从而达到消除肺部感染的目的。32．细节理解题。根据第二段“Themicrorobotsaremadeofalgae(藻类)cellswhosesurfacesarecoveredwithsubstancesthatarefilledwithantibiotics(抗生素).Thealgaeprovidesmovement,whichallowsthemicrorobotstoswimaroundandmakeantibioticsgodirectlytomorebacteriainthelungs,helpingabsorbbacteriaandclearthemofinfectedcells.(微型机器人是由藻类细胞制成的，藻类细胞的表面覆盖着充满抗生素的物质。藻类提供运动，使微型机器人可以四处游动，使抗生素直接作用于肺部的更多细菌，帮助吸收细菌并清除受感染的细胞。)”以及最后一段““We’repushingtheboundaryfurtherinthefieldoftargeteddrugdelivery,”saidZhang.”（“我们正在进一步推动靶向药物递送领域的边界，”张说。）可知，微型机器人可以把抗生素直接输送到细菌那里，也就是说微型机器人是通过靶向给药的方式来起作用的。故选A。33．推理判断题。根据第四段““Inthetraditionaltreatment,sometimesonlyaverysmallnumberofantibioticswillgetintothelungs.That’swhymanycurrentantibiotictreatmentsforpneumoniadon’tworkaswellasneeded,”saidVictorNizet,acoworkerofJosephandZhang“Basedonthesemousedata,weseethatthemicrorobotscouldpotentiallyimprovetheuseofantibioticstokillbacteriaandsavemorepatients’lives.”(“在传统治疗中，有时只有非常少量的抗生素会进入肺部。这就是为什么目前许多抗生素治疗肺炎的效果不如预期，”约瑟夫和张的同事维克多·尼泽特说，“基于这些小鼠身上的数据，我们看到微型机器人有可能改善抗生素的使用，杀死细菌，挽救更多病人的生命。”)”可推断，他对微型机器人持肯定的态度。故选D。34．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Theworkisstillattheproofofconceptstage.Theteamplanstodomorebasicresearchtounderstandexactlyhowthemicrorobotsinteractwiththeimmunesystem(免疫系统).Nextstepsalsoincludestudiestoconfirmtheeffectivenessofthemicrorobottreatmentbeforetestingitinlargeranimalsandeventually,inhumans.“We’repushingtheboundaryfurtherinthefieldoftargeteddrugdelivery,”saidZhang.(这项工作仍处于概念验证阶段。该团队计划进行更多的基础研究，以确切了解微型机器人如何与免疫系统相互作用。下一步的研究还包括确认微型机器人治疗的有效性，然后在更大的动物身上进行测试，最终在人类身上进行测试。“我们正在进一步推动靶向药物递送领域的边界，”张说。)”可知，该团队希望微型机器人能有更广泛的用途。故选C。35．主旨大意题。根据第一段“ProfessorsattheUniversityofCaliforniaSanDiegohavedevelopedmicrorobots,whichcanbeapotentialtreatmentforlifethreateningcasesofbacterialpneumonia,aseriousdiseaseaffectinglungsandmakingbreathingdifficult.(加州大学圣地亚哥分校的教授们开发出了微型机器人，它们可能成为威胁生命的细菌性肺炎病例的潜在治疗方法。细菌性肺炎是一种影响肺部并使呼吸困难的严重疾病。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了一种由藻类细胞制成的微型机器人，这种机器人可以在肺中四处游动并直接把抗生素输送至细菌那里，从而达到消除肺部感染的目的，它可能会成为威胁生命的细菌性肺炎的潜在治疗方法。故选B。第二节

（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。Goona15minuteTourDidn’tsomeonesaythatlifeisaboutthejourney,notthedestination?36whenyouarefocusedonlyongettingtothenextmeeting,startingyournextclassperiod,orhurryingtosendanemail,you’remissingallofthepeoplebetweenPointsAandB．Tomitsometimetothejourney,takesometimetowalkaroundwhereyouworkandnoticeyoursurroundings.37Also,someofthesmalleryetcriticalsocialcluesthatexistrightunderyournosewillbeconcentratedonagain.38Thingstolookforincludethelookandfeelofpeople’sworkspaces,thetimingofwhendifferentpeoplemovearoundtheoffice,andwhichpeopleseekinteractionversusthosewhostayattheirdesksallday.Afteryourfirstobservationtour,selectadifferentdaytotouryourworkspaceformoods.Otherpeople’smoodscanprovideyouwithcriticalcluesabouthowthingsaregoing.39Focusonwhatyousee,hear,andpickuponinotherpeople.Schedule15minutestotouryourworkplacetwiceaweekforamonthandbesuretoavoidmakingtoomanyassumptionsorconclusions—justsimplyobserve.40A．You’llbeamazedatwhatyouseealongtheway.B．Sparealittletimetocloselymonitoreachperson’sprogress.C．Noticewhatpeoplemaybefeelingwhenyoudropbytotalkbriefly.D．Duringanyworkday,takejust15minutestoobserveneglectedthings.E．Yougenerallylovethebreathtakinglandscapeandpeople’sperformances.F．Goingonashorttourwillhelpyougetintunewithotherpeopleandtheiremotions.G．Tobeesociallyaware,remembertoenjoythejourneyandnoticepeoplealongt