Unit 4 History and Traditions 单元检测-2022-2023学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第二册

人教版高中英语必修二Unit4HistoryandTraditions第I卷（选择题）一、完形填空（共15分）

Inayearofsadness,onefastfoodmanagerisdoingwhatshecantospreadamessageoflove.

AprilDiDonnatoldacustomershe

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himafterheorderedatthe

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wheresheworksinWashington.Threemonthslater,shehastoldthousandsofpeople"Iloveyou".

"It'sfillingmyheartwithsomuchmorelove.Iknowthatthelittlethree

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couldmeansomuchtosomanypeople,"DiDonnatoldareporter."I

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thatifwejustloveeachother,theworldwillbebetter."

The"love"

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keptgoingandDiDonnastarted

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howmanypeoplehavesaid"Iloveyou"back.About2,700customershave

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tothemessagesinceOctober3.

"Sometimespeopleare

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,"DiDonnasaid."ThenIjustexplainit.Ifpeoplecanhateforno

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,whycan'tIlove?"

Onetimeanelderlywomanwas,

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byher,andshesimplythankedDiDonnabeforesheleftthestore,"Thankyouforfellingmethatyouloveme."ThecustomertoldDiDonnathatherhusbandhad

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."Idon'thaveanyonetotellmethattheylovemeanymore,"thewomansaid,

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.

DiDonnathenhuggedthewoman

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,"WhenIgavethiswomanahug,shejuststayedinmyarmswithtearsinhereyes,"DiDonnasaid.

Never

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doinglittlethingsforothers.Sometimesthosethingsoccupy(占据)a(n)

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partoftheirhearts.1.A.neededB.lovedC.welcomedD.supported2.A.factory B.hotel C.company D.store3.A.words B.letters C.symbols D.tips4.A.worry B.believe C.explain D.announce5.A.action B.schedule C.puzzle D.method6.A.forgetting B.counting C.imagining D.considering7.A.returned B.attended C.replied D.applied8.A.thankful B.nervous C.generous D.curious9.A.opinion B.reason C.answer D.choice10.A.moved B.reminded C.recognized D.greeted11.A.turnedup B.givenin C.takenover D.passedaway12.A.crying B.shouting C.waving D.jumping13.A.officially B.gracefully C.tightly D.eagerly14.A.dependon B.adaptto

C.gettiredof D.becrazyabout15.A.fascinating B.striking C.extra D.big二、阅读理解（共30分）A

ThetraditionalChineselunarcalendar(农历)dividestheyearinto24solarterms(节气).StartofWinter,the19thsolartermoftheyear,beginsthisyearonNov7andendsonNov21.

StartofWinteristhefirstsolartermofwinter,whichmeanswinteriscomingandcropsharvestedinautumnshouldhestoredup.

Inancienttimes,theStartofWinterwasregardedasthebeginningofwinter,however,duetogeographicalfactors,theactualwintertimevariesfromplacetoplace.

Infact,theStartofWinterisnotthebeginningofwinterintermsofmeteorology(气象学).Theweathereveryyearisdifferent,sothebeginningofwintercouldbequitedifferent.AndasChinaisverylarge,itstartsatdifferenttimesindifferentareas.

Thebeginningsofthefourseasonswereimportantfestivalsinancienttimes.BeforetheStartofWinter,theancientemperorwouldtakeashowerandhavenomoremeat.Onthatday,theemperorwouldleadhisofficialstothecountrysideand"welcomethewinter".

Peopleeatdumplingsonthebeginningofwinter.LegendhasitthatinthelateEasternHanDynasty,ZhangZhongjinginvented"JiaoEar"(娇耳)totreattyphoid(伤寒)patientswithearfrostbite(冻疮).Hecookedmutton,hotpeppersandherbstodriveoutthecoldandwarmupthebody.Heputthesematerialsintoadoughskinandmadethemintoanearshape.Sincethen,peoplehavelearnedtomakethefoodwhichbecameknownas"dumpling"orjiaozi.Todaythereisstillasayingthatgoes"EatdumplingsonStartofWinterDay,oryourearswillbefrostbitten."16.WhichofthefollowingisrightaboutStartofWinter?A.ItisoneofthesolartermsinChinesecalendar.

B.Peoplebegintoharvestcropsonthisday.

C.WinterbeginsonNovember7thisyear.

D.Itbeginsindifferentmonthsindifferentplaces.17.Whatdoesitinparagraph4referto?A.thestartofwinter B.thechangeofweather

C.theimportantfestival D.thebeginningofwinter18.Whatdothelasttwoparagraphsmainlytalkabout?A.ImportanceofStartofWinter.

B.CustomsofStartofWinter.

C.Origin(起源)ofStartofWinter.

D.FoodeatenonStartofWinter.19.WhydopeopleeatdumplingsonStartofWinterday?A.Becausedumplingscandriveawaytyphoid.

B.Becausetheywishforgoodluckforthemselves.

C.Becauseeatingdumplingscanwarmuptheirears.

D.Becausetheywanttopreventthecomingofwinter.B

Anewstudysuggeststhatlongperiodsinspacecancausethehumanhearttoshrink(缩小).Thestudy—byateamofAmericanresearchers—comesastheU.S.makesplanstobuildalong-termbaseonthemoonandpreparestosendastronautstoMars.

PartofthestudywasbasedontheexperiencesoftheretiredastronautScottKelly.TheU.S.spaceagencyNASAsaysthatduringhiscareer,KellyspentmoretimeinspacethananyotherAmericanastronaut.OneofKelly'sstaysaboardtheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)lasted340days.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofTexasSouthwesternMedicalCenter(UTSouthwestern)inDallascollectedandanalyzedthephysicaldataduringKelly'slongstayaboardtheISS.Thegoalwastolearntheeffectsofweightlessnessonhearthealthandperformance.TheteamfoundthatduringKelly'sstayinspace,theleftventricle(心室)ofhisheartshrankabout0.74gramsperweek.

Dr.BenjaminLevineisaprofessoratUTSouthwestern.Hewastheleaderoftheresearch.Inastatement,heexplainedthatbecauseoftheconditionsinspace,theheartdoesnothavetoworkashardtopump(输送)blooduphillfromthefeet.Overtime,thiscancauseshrinkage.Inanefforttokeeptheirheartsandbodieshealthyinspace,astronautsarerequiredtoperformdifferentkindsofexercisesthroughouttheirstay.

Reductionsinheartsizearealsoseeninpatientswhospendlongperiodsinbedbecausetheyarelyingflatandtheheartdoesnothavetoworkashardtopump.Asecondpartofthestudyexamineddatafromalong-distanceswimmerwhospentnearlyayeartryingtocrossthePacificOcean.Theswimmer,BenoitLecomte,waschosenbecauseheswammorethan2,800kilometersover159days.Levinesayslong-distanceswimminghassimilareffectsonweightlessness.ThestudyshowedthatduringLecomte'sswim,hisleftheartventricleshrankabout0.72gramsperweek.20.Howdidtheresearcherscarryouttheirstudy?A.Byinterviewingastronauts.

B.Byexaminingcollectedinformation.

C.ByexperimentingaboardtheISS.

D.Bycomparingpeopleindifferentfields.21.Whatareastronautsaskedtodotokeeptheirheartsfitinspace?A.Dovariousexercises.B.Getregularbloodtests.

C.Stayinspaceforlesstime.D.Standontheirheadssometimes.22.Whoisleastlikelytosufferfromashrunkheartaccordingtothetext?A.Apatientspendingalongtimeinbed.

B.Anastronauttravelinginspaceforlong.

C.Along-distanceprofessionalswimmer.

D.Awell-trainedmarathonrunner.23.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.NewWaystoFightHeartDiseases

B.TheU.S.BuildsaMedicalCenterinSpace

C.LongSpaceFlightsCanShrinktheHeart

D.Long-distanceSwimmingKeepsYourHeartFitC

Chinaisrecognizedasaworldleaderinthedevelopmentofartificialintelligenceandfacialrecognitionsystems.AChinesecompanysaysithascreatedanewfacialrecognitionsystemthatcanidentifypeopleeveniftheyarewearingmasks(口罩).EngineersattheBeijing-basedcompanysaytheirsystemisthefirsttobecreatedtoeffectivelyidentifypeoplewearingfacemasks.

Thecompanytoldanewsagencythatateamof20peoplebuiltthesysteminaboutamonth.Thosystemisbasedonexistingtechnologiesdevelopedoverthepast10years.Theprocessinvolvedaddingacollectionofabout6millionunmaskedfacesandamuchsmallercollectionofmaskedfaces,thecompanysaid.

Thecompanyisnowsellingtwomainkindsofproductsthatusethenewtechnology.Oneperforms"singlechannel"recognition,whichisdesignedtobeusedattheentrancestobuildings.Theotherproductisa"multi-channel"recognitionsystemthatusesgroupsofsurveillance(监视)cameras.Itcanidentifyindividualsinacrowdofupto30peoplewithinasecond.

"Whenpeoplearewearingamaskthatcoversthemouthandthenose,therecognitionratecanreachabout95%,whichcanensurethatmostpeoplecanbeidentified,"saidHuang,vicepresidentofthecompany.Headdedthatthesystem'ssuccessrateforpeoplenotwearingamaskisabout99.5%.

However,thenewsystemstrugglestoidentifypeoplewearingbothamaskandsunglasses."Inthissituation,allofthekeyfacialinformationislost.Insuchcasesrecognitionisgraunchy,"Huangsaid.

Peoplerespond(响应)differentlytothenewtechnology.Whilesomecitizenshavebeenagainstusingsuchtools,themajorityhaveacceptedthetechnologyasaneffectivewaytoreducecrimeandcatchcriminals.24.Whatdidthecompanydotobuildthesystem?A.Itusedthelatesttechnology.

B.Itgatheredmanyfaceimages.

C.Itemployedhundredsofpeople.

D.Itaddedacollectionofmasks.25.Whatcanweknowaboutthenewsystem?A.Itssuccessrateisaffectedbycameras.

B.Itsperformancevarieswiththelocation.

C.Itdoesbetterinidentifyingunmaskedfaces.

D.Itcanrecognizegroupsofpeopleinseconds.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"graunchy"mean?A.Tough. B.Specific. C.Normal. D.Different.27.Whatismostpeople'sattitudetowardsthenewsystem?A.Supportive. B.Objective. C.Uncaring. D.Doubtful.DBestroyal(王室的)palacesinEuropeyoucanvisit

TherearesomeroyalpalacesinEuropethatoftenopentheirdoorstothepublic.

DrottningholmPalace,Sweden

ThisbreathtakingpalaceinDrottningholmisnotonlyaresidenceoftheSwedishroyalfamily,butit'salsoaUNESCOWorldHeritageSitethankstoitsimpressivelypreservedcastleandtheatre.Thepalaceandparkareopentothepublicyear-round.

RoyalPalace,Oslo,Norway

TheofficialroyalresidencefortheNorwegianovalshasneoclassicalarchitectureandlandscapedgardenswithpondsandeye-catchingstatues.Duringthesummermonthsthepalaceopenstothepubliconguidedtours,whichincludebeautifulstateroomsincludingtheBirdRoom,MirrorHall,SmallCeremonialHallandBanquetingHall.

RoyalPalaceofMadrid,Spain

WhiletheRoyalPalaceofMadridisofficiallytheroyalresidence,nowadaystheSpanishroyalschoosetoliveintheZarzuelaPalaceinstead,withtheMadridPalaceusedmainlyforslateceremonies.Thereareover3,000roomsinthisbreathtakingpalacemakingitoneofthelargestintheworld.Highlightsincludetheroyalkitchensandthepaintinggallery,whiletheChangingoftheguardneverfailstobeahitwithtourists.

PalaceofVersailles,France

Ifyouwanttovisitapalacethat'sluxurious(豪华的),thenthePalaceofVersaillesneedstobeonyourlist.Francehasn'thadaroyalfamilysincetheFrenchRevolutionin1789,butthispalaceoffersaglimpse(短暂的感受)intohowtheformerroyalslived,aswellasservingasamuseumwhichpreservessomeofthefinestworksbythemostgiftedpainters,sculptorsandcraftsmenofthetime.28.WhenisRoyalPalace,Oslolikelytoopentothepublic?A.Inmach.B.InJuly.C.InOctober.D.InDecember.29.Whereshouldvisitorsgoiftheywanttoseestateceremonies?A.DrottningholmPalace. B.RoyalPalace,Oslo.

C.RoyalPalaceofMadrid. D.PalaceofVersailles.30.WhatcanvisionsdoatPalaceofVersailles?A.Comeacrossroyalmembers.

B.Enjoysomeexcellentartworks.

C.Communicatewithgiftedpainters.

D.LearnthehistoryofFrenchRevolution.第II卷（非选择题）三、语法填空（共30分）ATheancienttownofFenghuangisaplacewithidyllic(平和美丽的)villagelifeinruralChina.Havingtravelleddirectlyfromthebusycity,IregardFenghuangasabetter

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(choose)tohaveabreathofthefreshair.

WhenIpaid

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visittoFenghuang,itwasJuly.MyfriendandI

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(excited)explored,walkingalongtheancientwallandcrossingthebeautiful,oldbridges.Peopletherewerevery

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(relax).Theywereneithertroubledbythehotweathernorbythetourists,walking,eatingandplayingoutdoors.

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thefirsteveningweboughtspicy,coldnoodlesandateontheriverbankaswewatchedthesunset.

Westayedinasmallhotel

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wassimilartomanyofthetraditional

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(building)inthevillage.Ourroomwasbuiltonhighstilts(桩子)overthebanksoftheriver.Fromourwindowwecouldheartherushofthewaterandthesoundsofexcitedtourists

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(travel)insmallboatsdownstream.Wesawpeopleatworkbusycatchingfishandyoungchildrenplayinginshallowwaters.

Althoughthere

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(be)manyvisitorstoFenghuang,wedidnotseeanyotherforeignerduringourstay.Afterseveraldays,Iwasstillunwilling

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(leave).BAnancientculturedatingbackmorethan5,000yearsprovedChina'searlyexchangeswithothersocieties,expertssay.

ExpertsbelievetheMajiayaoculturehadaclose

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(connect)withothervariouscultures.Theyputitforwardatarecentmeeting

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washeldinGansuProvince.Withmorethan5,000yearsofhistory,itplaysanimportantroleinthedevelopmentoftheChinesecivilization(文明).ThisculturespreadtoCentralAsiathrough

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isnowChina'sXinjiangProvince,

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(bring)ricefromChinatothewest.

SwedishexpertJohanfirst

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(investigate)culturalsitesin1924.Inthe1940s,XiaNainamedthesitesaftertheMajiayao,withpaintedpottery(彩陶)as

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(it)mostspecialfeature.SomeexpertspointoutthattheMajiayaoculture

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(obvious)sharessimilaritieswiththeculturesofsomepartsoftheBlackSea.Peoplefromtheseculturesusedpottery

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(make)humanheadsculptures.

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addition,someCentralAsianfeaturesalsoappearedonthepaintedpotteryoftheMajiayao.

Actions

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(take)toprotecttheMajiayaoculturebybuildingmuseums,organizingmeetingsanddoingmoreresearchsofar.四、书面表达（共25分）假定你是李华，得知你的美国笔友Tom上周来到中国。他对孔子很感兴趣，所以你决定邀请他到曲阜游玩并一起去逛“三孔”（即孔府、孔庙和孔林）。请根据下列要点给他写一封电子邮件。内容包括：

1.表示欢迎；2.行程安排。

注意：

1.词数80左右；

2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；

3.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

DearTom,

I'mmorethangladtolearnthatyoucametoChinalastweek.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Lookforwardtoseeingyou!

Yours,LiHua

答案1-15.B、D、A、B、A、B、C、D、B、A、D、A、C、C、D1.

AprilDiDonna在华盛顿的一家商店里工作，当一位顾客在店里下单时，她对他说她爱他。A.needed需要；B.loved爱；C.welcomed欢迎；D.supported支持。根据上文...doingwhatshecantospreadamessageoflove.以及下文shehastoldthousandsofpeople"Iloveyou".可知，此处表示爱。故选B。

2.

A.factory工厂；B.hotel旅店；C.company公司；D.store商店。根据下文andshesimplythankedDiDonnabeforesheleftthestore可知，此处表示商店。故选D。

3.“它让我的心充满了更多的爱。我知道这三个字对很多人来说意义重大，”DiDonna告诉记者。A.words字；B.letters信

；C.symbols符号；D.tips技巧。根据AprilDiDonna正在尽她所能传播爱的信息，对人们说“我爱你”。此处指“我爱你”这三个字。故选A。

4.

“我相信，如果我们彼此相爱，世界会更美好。”A.worry担心；B.believe相信；C.explain解释；D.announce宣布。根据下文中的ifwejustloveeachother,theworldwillbebetter可知，只要我们彼此相爱，世界就会更美好，这是AprilDiDonna相信的东西。

5.

“爱”的行动还在继续，

AprilDiDonna开始数有多少人对她说了“我爱你”。A.action行动；B.schedule计划；C.puzzle难题；D.method方法。根据上文中的Inayearofsadness,onefastfoodmanagerisdoingwhatshecantospreadamessageoflove.和下文中的Iloveyou可知，AprilDiDonna正在尽她所能传播爱的信息，对人们说”我爱你“，这是“爱”的行动。故选A。

6.

A.forgetting忘记；B.counting计算，计数；C.imagining想象；D.considering考虑。根据下文中的howmanypeoplehavesaid"Iloveyou"back.和About2,700customers可知，此处指AprilDiDonna开始计算有多少人回复“我爱你”。故选B。

7.

自10月3日以来，约有2700名客户回复了这条消息。A.returned返回；B.attended出席；C.replied回复；D.applied申请。根据上文中的DiDonnastarted

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howmanypeoplehavesaid"Iloveyou"back.可知，AprilDiDonna开始计算有多少人回复“我爱你”，计算出自十月三日以来已有2700名顾客回复了这条信息。故选C。

8.

“有时人们会感到好奇”，DiDonna说。A.thankful感谢的；B.nervous紧张的；C.generous慷慨的；D.curious好奇的。根据下文"ThenIjustexplainit.Ifpeoplecanhateforno

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,whycan'tIlove?"可知，人们会很好奇为什么DiDonna要这么说。

9.

如果人们可以无缘无故地恨，我为什么不能爱呢？A.opinion意见；B.reason原因；C.answer答案；D.choice选择。根据句中的why可知，此处表示原因。故选B。

10.

有一次，一位老太太被她感动了，她在离开商店前感谢了DiDonna，“谢谢你告诉我你爱我。”A.moved感动；B.reminded提醒；C.recognized认出；D.greeted问候。根据下文shesimplythankedDiDonna可知，老太太被DiDonna感动了，所以感谢她。故选A。

11.

那位顾客告诉DiDonna她的丈夫已经去世了。A.turnedup出现；B.givenin屈服；C.takenover接管；D.passedaway去世。根据下文老太太说的话Idon'thaveanyonetotellmethattheylovemeanymore,可知，丈夫去世后，没有人再说爱她。故选D。

12.

“没有人告诉我他们爱我，”老太太哭着说。A.crying哭；B.shouting大喊大叫；C.waving挥手；D.jumping跳。根据下文shejuststayedinmyarmswithtearsinhereyes,可知，老太太哭了。故选A。

13.

DiDonna紧紧地抱住了那个老太太。A.officially正式地；B.gracefully优雅地；C.tightly紧紧地；D.eagerly热切地。听到老太太的话，AprilDiDonna紧紧地拥抱

14.

永远不要厌倦为别人做小事。A.dependon依靠；B.adaptto适应；C.gettiredof对……感到厌倦；D.becrazyabout着迷于。根据下文Sometimesthosethingsoccupy(占据)a(n)

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partoftheirhearts.可知，作者劝诫我们不要厌倦为别人做些小事。故选C。

15.

有时这些事情占据了他们心中很大的一部分。A.fascinating迷人的；B.striking引人注目的；C.extra额外的；D.big重大的。分析句意可知，有时这些事情占据了他们心中很大的（big）一部分，D项符合语境。故选D。16-19.C、D、B、B16.

根据文章第一段第二句StartofWinter,the19thsolartermoftheyear,beginsthisyearonNov7andendsonNov21.（立冬是一年中的第19个节气，今年立冬节开始于11月7号，结束于11月21号）可知，立冬是二十四节气之一，今年冬季开始于11月7号，故选C。

17.

根据上一句话Theweathereveryyearisdifferent,sothebeginningofwintercouldbequitedifferent.（每年的天气都不一样，所以冬天的开始可能很不一样。）可知，it代指上一句中的thebeginningofwinter。故选D。

18.

根据倒数第二段中的BeforetheStartofWinter,theancientemperorwould..."welcomethewinter".（在立冬之前，古代的皇帝会洗个澡，不再吃肉。在那一天，皇帝会带领他的官员到农村“迎接冬天”），以及最后一段中的He

cookedmutton,hotpeppers

andherbstodriveoutthecoldandwarmupthebody.（他会炖羊肉，辣椒和草药来驱赶寒冷，温暖身体），可知，文章后两段主要讲在古代，立冬节气人们的一些习俗。故选B。

19.

根据文章最后一段最后一句Todaythereisstillasayingthatgoes"EatdumplingsonStartofWinterDay,oryourearswillbefrostbitten."（今天仍然有谚语，“立冬时节吃饺子，否则耳朵冻下来”）可知，现在的生活条件提高了，人们吃饺子不再只是为了驱寒，而是是带着一种对自己的美好愿望。故选B。20-23.B、A、D、C20.根据第二段中的ResearchersfromtheUniversityofTexasSouthwesternMedicalCenter(UTSouthwestern)inDallascollectedandanalyzedthephysicaldataduringKelly'slongstayaboardtheISS（达拉斯德克萨斯大学西南医学中心（UTSouthwestern）的研究人员收集并分析了凯利在国际空间站长期停留期间的物理数据）可知，研究人员通过分析收集的信息来进行研究。故选B。

21.

根据第三段中的Inanefforttokeeptheirheartsandbodieshealthyinspace,astronautsarerequiredtoperformdifferentkindsofexercisesthroughouttheirstay（为了在太空中保持他们的心脏和身体健康，宇航员在逗留期间需要进行各种各样的锻炼）可知，宇航员需要做各种各样的锻炼来使他们的心脏适应太空。故选A。

22.

根据第二段最后一句TheteamfoundthatduringKelly'sstayinspace,theleftventricle(心室)ofhisheartshrankabout0.74gramsperweek.（研究小组发现，在凯利停留在太空期间，他的左心室每周收缩约0.74克。）和第四段第一句Reductionsinheartsizearealsoseeninpatientswhospendlongperiodsinbedbecausetheyarelyingflatandtheheartdoesnothavetoworkashardtopump（长时间躺在床上的病人也会出现心脏尺寸的缩小，因为他们平躺着，心脏不需要那么辛苦地工作来泵血）以及第四段最后一句ThestudyshowedthatduringLecomte'sswim,hisleftheartventricleshrankabout0.72gramsperweek（研究表明，在莱科姆特游泳期间，他的左心室每周收缩约0.72克）可知，长时间卧床的病人、长距离职业游泳运动员和长时间在太空旅行的宇航员的心脏都会收缩。故选D。

23.

根据文章第一段第一句Anewstudysuggeststhatlongperiodsinspacecancausethehumanhearttoshrink(缩小）（一项新的研究表明，长时间在太空中会导致人类心脏收缩）以及结合文章内容可知，这篇文章主要讲长期在太空会使人类心脏缩小。24-27.B、C、A、A24.根据第二段中的Theprocessinvolvedaddingacollectionofabout6millionunmaskedfacesandamuchsmallercollectionofmaskedfaces（这一过程包括添加大约600万张未蒙面的脸和更小的蒙面脸）可知，公司在建立这个系统的