湖北省高中名校联盟2023-2024学年高三第一次联合测评英语试题

湖北省高中名校联盟2024届高三第一次联合测评

英语

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2、回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需

改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，用签字笔或钢笔将答案写在

答题卡上。写在试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到

答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Whoisthewomanlookingfor?

A.JenniferLopez.B.EmmaStone.C.BenAffleck.

2.Whendidthewomanhaveherbirthdayparty?

A.OnSaturday.B.OnFriday.C.OnThursday.

3.Whatdoesthemanrefusetohave?

A.Milk.B.Chocolate.C.Salad.

4.Whataretheytalkingabout?

A.Health.B.Weather.C.Environment.

5.Whydoesthewomanetotheman?

A.Toturntohimforhelp.B.Toinformhimofatest.C.Toremindhimtostudy.

第二节（共15小题;每小题分，满分分）

听下面5段对话或读白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选

出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小

题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。

6.WhydidLisawinanaward?

A.Shewroteanicepoem.B.Shewroteagoodarticle.C.Shewrotebeautifulmusic.

7.WhatwillJustinspendhismoneyon?

A.Anewcamera.B.Anewputer.C.Anewguitar.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8.Wheredoesthewomanwanttogo?

A.TheGlobeTheater.B.Thetownhall.C.Thegarage.

9.Whywillitcostthewomanalottogettoherdestination?

A.Ifstheheavytraffictime.B.Thedestinationisfaraway.C.Shehasalottocarry.

10.Whatdoesthemanremindthewomantodo?

A.Shutthedoor.

B.Fillthecarupwithpetrol.

C.Takeherluggagewhengettingoff.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11.WhocalledSusanjustnow?

A.ThePrintingpany.B.RoyalpanyLimited.C.TheAdvertisingagency.

12.Whatcausedthedelayinprinting?

A.Anurgentcall.B.Atightschedule.C.Apowercut.

13.Whatisthemanexpectedtodorightaway?

A.Headtothefactory.B.Makeaphonecall.C.Getthebrochures.

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Teacherandstudent.B.Bestfriends.C.Familymembers.

15.WhoisMichaelWhite?

A.Amemberofaschoolclub.

B.Achampioncyclistinthetown.

C.Afriendofthewoman.

16.WhateventwillhappenonSunday?

A.Acyclingrace.B.Animportantexam.C.Ameeting.

17.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?

A.Anewclub.B.TheOlympicGames.C.Homework.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18.WhatcanweknowaboutAlexaccordingtothespeaker?

A.Helovesgardening.B.Heworkswiththespeaker.C.HeisanInternetexpert.

19.WhathappenedtoAlexandhisteaminthetrip?

A.Theydiscoveredanewanimal.

B.Theyplantedvarioustreesintherainforest.

C.Theyhadbeenapartforsomenights.

20.WhatwillAlexdoontheshow?

A.Talkabouthisadventures.

B.Givesometipsonstudying.

C.Answersomequestions.

第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

ThingstoDoinNorthernIrelandThisAutumn

WEEBINNIANWALKINGFESTIVAL(SEPTEMBER)

Theexactdatesofthisannualwalkingfestivalarestilltobeconfirmed,butififssimilartolastyear,it'lloffer

achoiceoftenwalksandhikesaroundtheMoumeMountains,rangingfromeasierlowlandroutestotough,

multisummitchallenges.Eveningsocialeventsarealsoincluded.

GREATNORTHLINKSCHALLENGE(1820OCTOBER)

Callingallgolfers.YoucanenterthisthreedayeventspreadalongthenorthcoastbetweenBallyliffin,Portruth

andPortstewart,asanindividualorteamoffour.AperfectopportunitytoplaythreeIrishOpenlinkscoursesin

threedays.

ARMAGHFOODANDCIDERWEEKEND(SEPTEMBER)

Afourdayfeastofauthenticfoodandartisanciders(苹果酒)inIreland's"OrchardCounty”.Thiscelebration

isalsocoupledwiththetraditionalappleharvest.Youcantastelocalfoodfromthecountry'smostinventivechefs.

OULDLAMMASFAIR(LASTWEEKOFAUGUST)

PeoplehavebeenflockingtotheseasidetownofBallycastlesincethe17thcenturytocelebratethisfair.

AttractionsincludeaHeavyHorseShow,horsespeedeventsonthebeach,funfair,outdoorconcertandafireworks

display,aswellasuniquelocalproduceandhandmadeartsandcrafts.

1.WhatisthebestdatetoarriveifyouwanttoattendGREATNORTHLINKSCHALLENGE?

A.17thOctober.B.18thAugust.C.20thOctober.D.1stSeptember.

2.WhatcanpeopledoatthetownofBallycastle?

A.Playgolf.B.Gohiking.C.Watchhorseraces.D.Tasteappleciders.

3.Inwhichsectionofawebsitecanweprobablyreadthistext?

A.Tourism.B.Sports.C.Education.D.Arts.

【答案】l.A2.C3.A

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了今年秋天在北爱尔兰可做的事情。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据uGREATNORTHLINKSCHALLENGE(1820OCTOBER)可知，大北路挑战在10

月18日至20日之间举行。再结合选项可知，如果你想参加大北路挑战赛，10月17日是到达的最佳日期。

故选Ao

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段uPeoplehavebeenflockingtotheseasidetownofBallycastlesincethe17thcentury

tocelebratethisfair.AttractionsincludeaHeavyHorseShow,horsespeedeventsonthebeach,funfair,outdoor

concertandafireworksdisplay,aswellasuniquelocalproduceandhandmadeartsandcrafts.(自17世纪以来，人

们就蜂拥到海滨小镇巴利卡斯尔来庆祝这个博览会。吸引游客的项目包括重马表演、海滩赛马比赛、游乐

场、户外音乐会和烟花表演，以及独特的当地农产品和手工工艺品)”可推知，人们可以在巴利卡斯尔镇观

看赛马。故选C。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章标题uThingstoDoinNorthernIrelandThisAutumn,,及下文介绍可知，文章介绍

了今年秋天在北爱尔兰可做的事情。由此推知，我们可以在某网站的旅游板块读到这篇文章。故选A。

B

AliciaQuarleshasherhandsfullthesedays-bothofthem,atallhoursofthedayandnight.

“Havingababyunexpectedlyat41isonething;havingtwinsisawholeotherbeast,9,saystheglobal

entertainmenteditor.

Actually,untilherpregnancyQuarleshadbeenlivingatbreakneckspeed.Itwentsountillastyear.tuIwas

exhausted,9,shesays.'Tdbeenworkingthreejobs,doingmycharityandgoingnonstop.Iwasafraidmymental

healthwasgettingworse.,9InearlyAugustshetookherselftothehospital,toseeifshewasOK.Doctorsran

multipletestsandtoldherthatshehadhadananxietyattack,andshewas11weekspregnant.

“Shewasstressedanddepensated（代词寸失调的）,soeverythingjustcametomorethanshecouldhandleatthe

time,“explainsdoctorMiriamBarnes,whobegantreatingher.""Fortunately,shetriedtobepositiveandseekhelp

frommeimmediately.Itoldhernottohaveanymedicationatthatstageandadvisedhertotakenaturaltherapy（疗

法）

AweeklaterQuarleslearnedthatshewashavingtwins.Butinsteadofthatnewsaddingtoheranxiety,66atotal

peacecameoverme,anditfeltlikeitallmadesense,9,shesays.Quarles,whodidnottakeanymedication,returned

hometoherlovedonesinNorthCarolina,whereshegavebirthtoHudsonandHarlowonFeb.16.“There's

nothinglikefamily,9,shesays.66Ifoundoutthroughworkingonmyselfinnaturaltherapythattherewerealotof

thingsIhadn'tdealtwith.Ijustkeptgoing.”

ThesedaysQuarlesusessocialmediatodocumentherjoyfulmotherhoodjourney.Quarleshasputheranxiety

behindbutremainsintherapy-andwantstoencourageotherswhofeelstressedtogethelp.64AtfirstIfeltguilty

andembarrassed,,,sheadmits.66Idon'tanymore.Mymessageisyoucanfalldown.Butyoucanstandup,by

yourselforwiththehelpofothers.Ifsnotashame,andifsablessing.^^

4.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"breakneck“underlinedinparagraph2?

A.Safeandslow.B.Fastanddangerous.

C.Excitingandterrifying.D.Gentleandfbrtable.

5.WhydidQuarlesreturntoNorthCarolina?

A.Togivebirthandmakesomefriends.

B.Tohaveabreakandtreatheranxiety.

C.Totakenaturaltherapyandstayalone.

D.Tolookafterherfamilyandvisitadoctor.

6.WhatdoesQuarlessuggestpeopleunderpressuredo?

A.Keepstandingup.B.Falldownifneeded.

C.Facewhateveres.D.Obtainassistancewhennecessary.

7.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.AnAnxious41yearoldMother

B.AMother'sAstonishingExperience

C.AnInterestingTasteofMotherhood

D.AMotherFightingHerMentalBreakdown

【答案】4.B5,B6.D7.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了41岁的艾丽西亚•夸尔斯由于压力太大，患上焦虑症，后来得知

自己怀了双胞胎，于是夸尔斯开始用社交媒体记录她快乐的母亲之旅。夸尔斯已经把焦虑抛在脑后，但仍

在接受治疗，她想鼓励其他感到压力的人去寻求帮助。

【4题详解】

词句猜测题。根据第一段“AliciaQuarleshasherhandsfullthesedays一bothofthem,atallhoursoftheday

andnight.（这些天艾丽西亚・夸尔斯忙得不可开交一一无论是白天还是晚上）”及划线词下文“力was

exhausted,9,shesays."I'dbeenworkingthreejobs,doingmycharityandgoingnonstop.Iwasafraidmymental

healthwasgettingworse."（“我筋疲力尽，”她说。“我一直在做三份工作，做慈善，不停地工作。我担心

我的心理健康状况会越来越差。"）”可知，夸尔斯工作繁忙，生活速度非常快，以至于筋疲力尽。由此推

知，划线词breakneck与Fastanddangerous（快速危险）意思接近。故选B。

【5题详解】

推理判断题。根据第五段中的uQuarles,whodidnottakeanymedication,returnedhometoherlovedonesin

NorthCarolina,whereshegavebirthtoHudsonandHarlowonFeb.16.“There'snothinglikefamily,9,shesays.<CI

foundoutthroughworkingonmyselfinnaturaltherapythattherewerealotofthingsIhadn'tdealtwith.Ijustkept

going.”（2月16日，她回到她在北卡罗来纳州的亲人身边，生下了哈德森和哈洛。“没有什么比家人更好的

了，”她说。我发现，通过自然疗法对自己进行治疗，有很多事情我没有处理过。我只是继续前进。

可推知，夸尔斯回到北卡罗来纳休息一下，治疗她的焦虑。故选B。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Quarleshasputheranxietybehindbutremainsintherapy一andwantsto

encourageotherswhofeelstressedtogethelp.（夸尔斯已经把焦虑抛在脑后，但仍在接受治疗，她想鼓励其他

感到压力的人去寻求帮助）”可知，夸尔斯建议有压力的人在必要时寻求帮助。故选D。

【7题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第三段中的uDoctorsranmultipletestsandtoldherthatshehadhadananxietyattack,andshe

was11weekspregnant.（医生给她做了多次检查，告诉她这是焦虑症发作，而且她已经怀孕11周了）“和第五

段中的Quarles,whodidnottakeanymedication,returnedhometoherlovedonesinNorthCarolina,whereshe

gavebirthtoHudsonandHarlowonFeb.16.“There'snothinglikefamily,9,shesays."Ifoundoutthroughworking

onmyselfinnaturaltherapythattherewerealotofthingsIhadn'tdealtwith.Ijustkeptgoing.9,（2月16日，她回

到她在北卡罗来纳州的亲人身边，生下了哈德森和哈洛。“没有什么比家人更好的了，"她说。我发现，

通过自然疗法对自己进行治疗，有很多事情我没有处理过。我只是继续前进。”）”及最后一段中的“Quarles

hasputheranxietybehindbutremainsintherapy-andwantstoencourageotherswhofeelstressedtoget

help.（夸尔斯已经把焦虑抛在脑后，但仍在接受治疗，她想鼓励其他感到压力的人去寻求帮助）”可知，文章

讲述了41岁的艾丽西亚•夸尔斯由于压力太大，患上焦虑症，后来得知自己怀了双胞胎，于是夸尔斯开始

用社交媒体记录她快乐的母亲之旅，夸尔斯已经把焦虑抛在脑后，并想鼓励其他感到压力的人去寻求帮助。

由此可知，D.AMotherFightingHerMentalBreakdown（一位与精神崩溃作斗争的母亲）适合作本文最佳标题。

故选D。

C

Desperatelyillandseekingamiracle,DavidBennettSr.tookthelastbetonJan.7.whenbebecamethefirst

humantobesuccessfullytransplantedwiththeheartofapig."Itcreatesthebeat;itcreatesthepressure;itishis

heart,“declaredBartleyGriffith,directorofthesurgicalteamthatperformedtheoperationattheUniversityof

MarylandMedicalCenter.

Bennett,57,heldonthrough60tomorrows,farlongerthananypreviouspatientwho'dreceivedaheartfrom

anotherspecies.Hisremarkablemoofferednewhopethatsuchprocedures,knownasxenotransplantation（异种移

植）,couldhelprelievetheshortageofreplacementorgans,savingthousandsofliveseachyear.

Theearliestattemptsatxenotransplantationoforgans,involvingkidneysfromrabbits,goats,andother

animals,occurredintheearly20thcentury,decadesbeforethefirstsuccessfulhumantohumantransplants.

Rejection,whichoccurswhentherecipient'sbodysystemrecognizesthedonororganasaforeignobjectand

attacksit,followedwithinhoursordays.Resultsimprovedaftersomespecialdrugsarrivedinthe1960s,butmost

recipientsstilldiedafterafewweeks.Therecordforaheartxenotransplantwassetin1983,whenaninfantnamed

BabyFaesurvivedfor20dayswithanorganfromababoon（狒狒）.

Inrecentyears,however,advancesingeneeditinghaveopenedanewpossibility:reeditsomegenesin

animalstoprovideuserfriendlyspareparts.Pigscouldbeidealforthispurpose,becausethey5reeasytoraiseand

reachadulthumansizeinmonths.Somebiotechpanies.includingRevivicor,areinvestingheavilyinthefield.The

donorpigwasofferedbyRevivicorfromalineofanimalsinwhich10geneshadbeenreeditedtoimprovethe

heart'scondition.Beyondthat,thepigwasraisedinisolationandtestedregularlyforvirusesthatcouldinfect

humansordamagetheorganitself.

Thismedicalbreakthroughprovidedanalternativeforthe20%ofpatientsonthehearttransplantwaitinglist

whodiewhilewaitingorbeetoosicktobeagoodcandidate.

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"run"inparagraph2referto?

A.Donatinghishearttoapatient.

B.Performingtheheartoperation.

C.Livingfor60daysaftertheoperation.

D.Receivinganewheartfromapig.

9.Whichaspectofxenotransplantationdoesparagraph3mainlyfocuson?

A.Itshistory.B.Itsprocedure.C.Itsconsequence.D.Itssignificance.

10.Whatmakespigsidealfbrprovidingsparepartsinxenotransplantation?

A.Theirgrowthrateandhealthcondition.

B.Theirlifepatternandresistancetoviruses.

C.Theireasinessofkeepingandrapidgrowth.

D.Theirinvestmentvalueandnaturalqualities.

11.WhywasBennett5soperationregardedasabreakthrough?

A.Itintroducednewmedicationstopreventorganrejection.

B.Itprovedthepotentialforusingorgansfromvariousanimals.

C.Itguaranteedasufficientsupplyofdonorpigsfbrtransplants.

D.Itofferedaprospectofreplacementorgansthroughgeneediting.

【答案】8.C9,A10.C11.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了第一个成功移植猪心脏的人，他坚持了60天，比以往任何接受过

其他物种心脏移植的病人都要长得多。他的出色表现给人们带来了新的希望，即，这种被称为异种移植的

手术可以帮助缓解替代器官的短缺，每年挽救数千人的生命。这一医学突破为心脏移植等待名单上20%的

患者提供了另一种选择。

【8题详解】

词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Bennett,57,heldonthrough60tomorrows,farlongerthananypreviouspatient

who,dreceivedaheartfromanotherspecies.Hisremarkablerunofferednewhopethatsuchprocedures,knownas

xenotransplantation,couldhelprelievetheshortageofreplacementorgans,savingthousandsofliveseachyear.（57

岁的贝内特坚持了60个明天，比以往任何接受过其他物种心脏移植的病人都要长得多。他的出色表现给人

们带来了新的希望，即这种被称为异种移植的手术可以帮助缓解替代器官的短缺，每年挽救数千人的生命）”

可知，Hisremarkablerun指的是上文提到的“57岁的贝内特坚持了60个明天”,即手术后活了60天。故

选C。

【9题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“Theearliestattemptsatxenotransplantationoforgans,involvingkidneysfrom

rabbits,goats,andotheranimals,occurredintheearly20thcentury,decadesbeforethefirstsuccessful

humantohumantransplants.Rejection,whichoccurswhentherecipient'sbodysystemrecognizesthedonororgan

asaforeignobjectandattacksit,followedwithinhoursordays.Resultsimprovedaftersomespecialdrugsanived

inthe1960s,butmostrecipientsstilldiedafterafewweeks.Therecordforaheartxenotransplantwassetin1983,

whenaninfantnamedBabyFaesurvivedfor20dayswithanorganfromababoon.（最早的异种器官移植尝试发

生在20世纪初，涉及兔子、山羊和其他动物的肾脏，比第一次成功的人对人移植早了几十年。当受者的身

体系统将供体器官识别为异物并对其进行攻击时，就会发生排异反应，排异反应会在数小时或数天内发生。

20世纪60年代，一些特殊药物问世后，效果有所改善，但大多数接受者仍在几周后死亡。异种心脏移植的

记录是在1983年创造的，当时一个名叫“费伊宝宝”（BabyFae）的婴儿用狒狒的器官存活了20天）”可知，

第三段主要介绍了异种移植的历史。故选A。

【10题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Pigscouldbeidealforthispurpose,becausethey'reeasytoraiseandreachadult

humansizeinmonths.潴可能是这个目的的理想选择，因为它们很容易饲养，几个月内就能达到成年人的体

型）”可知，猪易养且生长速度快，是异种移植的理想供给品。故选C。

【11题详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Inrecentyears,however,advancesingeneeditinghaveopenedanewpossibility:

reeditsomegenesinanimalstoprovideuserfriendlyspareparts.（然而，近年来，基因编辑的进步开辟了一种新

的可能性：重新编辑动物的一些基因，以提供用户友好的备件）”及最后一段"Thismedicalbreakthrough

providedanalternativeforthe20%ofpatientsonthehearttransplantwaitinglistwhodiewhilewaitingorbeetoo

sicktobeagoodcandidate.（这一医学突破为20%在心脏移植等待名单上的患者提供了另一种选择，这些患者

在等待期间死亡或因病情严重而无法成为良好的候选者）”可推知，贝内特的手术被认为是一个突破，因为

它提供了通过基因编辑替代器官的前景。故选D。

D

Scienceisaprocessthatbuildsuponexistingtheoriesandknowledgebycontinuouslyrevisingthem.Every

aspectofscientificknowledgecanbequestioned,includingthegeneralrulesofthinkingthatappeartobemost

certain.Sowhyissciencetrustworthyifitisalwayschanging?Iftomorrowwewillnolongerseetheworldas

NewtonorEinsteinfoundittobe,whyshouldwetakeseriouslytoday'sscientificdescriptionoftheworld?

Theanswerissimple:Becauseatanygivenmomentofourhistory,thisdescriptionoftheworldisthebestwe

have.Thefactthatitcanbemadebettercan'tdiminish（降彳氐）thefactthatitisausefulinstrumentfor

understandingtheworld.

Considerafolkhealer'sherbalmedicine.Canwesaythistreatmentis“scientific"?Yes,ifitisproventobe

effective,evenifwehavenoideawhyitworks.Infact,quiteafewmonmedicationsusedtodayhavetheirorigin

infolktreatments,andwearestillnotsurehowtheywork.Thisdoesnotimplythatfolktreatmentsaregenerally

effective.Tothecontrary,manyofthemarenot.Whatdistinguishesscientificmedicineisthereadinesstoseriously

testatreatmentandtobereadytochangeourmindsifsomethingisshownnottowork.Aresearchdoctorina

modemhospitalmustbereadytochangehistheoryifamoreeffectivewayofunderstandingillness,ortreatingit,

beesavailable.

Whatmakesmodemscienceuniquelypowerfulisitsrefusaltobelievethatitalreadypossessesultimatetruth.

Thereliabilityofscienceisbasednotoncertaintybutonapleteabsenceofcertainty.AsJohnStuartMillwrotein

“OnLiberty”in1859,“Thebeliefswhichwehavemostwarrant（依据）for,havenosafeguardtoreston,buta

standinginvitationtothewholeworldtoprovethemunfounded.

12.Whydoestheauthorraisethetwoquestionsinparagraph1?

A.Toaddsomefun.B.Toexpressdoubts.

C.Tointroducethetopic.D.Toprovidebackground.

13.Whatcanwelearnabouttoday'sscientificdescriptionoftheworld?

AItcanbetimeless.B.Itcanbeimproved.

C.Itisoflittlevalue.D.Itisthebestatanymoment.

14.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardfolktreatment?

A.Dismissive.B.Objective.C.Pessimistic.D.Sympathetic.

15.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph4?

A.Itisunwisetobelieveinscience.

B.Toomuchuncertaintyliesinscience.

C.Thefoundationofscienceisunfounded.

D.Thelackofcertaintymakessciencecredible.

【答案】12.C13.B14.B15.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了尽管科学总是在变化，但是它还是值得信赖的原因。

【12题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Sowhyissciencetrustworthyifitisalwayschanging?Iftomorrowwewillno

longerseetheworldasNewtonorEinsteinfoundittobe,whyshouldwetakeseriouslytoday'sscientific

descriptionoftheworld?（那么，如果科学总是在变化，为什么它是值得信赖的呢？如果明天我们看到的世界

不再像牛顿或爱因斯坦发现的那样，我们为什么要认真对待今天对世界的科学描述呢？）”及下文论述可推

知，作者在第一段中提出了两个问题是为了引入文章话题。故选C。

【13题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段“Theanswerissimple:Becauseatanygivenmomentofourhistory,thisdescriptionof

theworldisthebestwehave.Thefactthatitcanbemadebettercan'tdiminish（降低）thefactthatitisauseful

instrumentforunderstandingtheworld.（答案很简单：因为在我们历史的任何时刻，这种对世界的描述都是我

们拥有的最好的描述。它可以变得更好这一事实不能削弱它是理解世界的有用工具这一事实）”可知，今天

对世界的科学描述还可以改进。故选B。

【14题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段中的"Considerafolkhealer'sherbalmedicine.Canwesaythistreatmentis"scientific”?

Yes,ifitisproventobeeffective,evenifwehavenoideawhyitworks.Infact,quiteafewmonmedicationsused

todayhavetheirorigininfolktreatments,andwearestillnotsurehowtheywork.Thisdoesnotimplythatfolk

treatmentsaregenerallyeffective.Tothecontrary,manyofthemarenot.（考虑一下民间治疗师的草药。我们能说

这种治疗是“科学的”吗？是的，如果它被证明是有效的，即使我们不知道它为什么有效。事实上，今天

使用的许多常用药物都起源于民间治疗，我们仍然不确定它们是如何起作用的。这并不意味着民间疗法通

常是有效的。相反，许多民间疗法并非如此）”可知，作者既陈述了民间治疗的优点，又提到了不足。由此

推知，作者对民间治疗持客观态度。故选B。

【15题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第四段中的"Whatmakesmodemscienceuniquelypowerfulisitsrefusaltobelievethatit

alreadypossessesultimatetruth.Thereliabilityofscienceisbasednotoncertaintybutonapleteabsenceof

certainty（现代科学之所以具有独特的力量，是因为它拒绝相信自己已经掌握了终极真理。科学的可靠性不

是建立在确定的基础上，而是建立在完全不确定的基础上）”可知，第四段主要论述了缺乏确定性使得科学

可信。故选D。

第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

Areyourteenagersgettingenoughsleep?Ifsthekeytoexamsuccess.Iftheysleepwell,theywillbemore

likelytoperformbetter.Herearesomepracticalwaysyoucanhelpthem.

16Parentsshouldavoidfallingasleeponthesofaintheeveningsorusingtechdeviceswhenit'slate,

mittoyourownbedtimeroutinesothatyourteenagercanbeyourfollower.

Workoutexactlyhowmuchsleeptheyneed.Teenagersshouldaimforbetweeneightandtenhours'sleepa

night,accordingtotheWorldHealthOrganisation.17Maybeit'seight,ormaybeit'snine.Butthosewho

getlessthansevenhoursmostnightsarenotgettingenough.

Establishawinddown（放松）routine.Oncetheyknowhowmuchsleepthey'reaimingfor,helpthemto

achievethisbynegotiatinga30to60minutewinddownroutinebeforetheygotobed,atthesametimeeverynight.

18

Letthemhaveaweekendliein.Enableyourchildrentogetupaslateastheycan,sparingthemthemorning

chores.]9Troublingteenagersoutofbedatweekendsworksagainsttheirsleeppattern.

20Theywillrewardyoumore.

A.Leadbyexample.

B.Letyourteenagershavemoresleep.

C.Halfanhourofexercisecanexcitetheirbody.

D.Buttheexactamountofsleepyourteenagerneedsisunique.

E.Gettinguplateoccasionallywillimprovetheirworkefficiency.

F.Onstudyleavedaysanextrahourinbedwillhelpthemconcentratebetter.

G.Abathwillbringthebodytemperaturedownadegreewhichisidealforsleep.

【答案】16.A17.D18.G19.F20.B

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些可以帮助青少年保证睡眠充足的实用方法。

【16题详解】

I艮据下文uParentsshouldavoidfallingasleeponthesofaintheeveningsorusingtechdeviceswhenifslate,mit

toyourownbedtimeroutinesothatyourteenagercanbeyourfollower.（父母应该避免晚上在沙发上睡着，或者

在很晚的时候使用科技设备。保证你自己的就寝时间，这样你的孩子就会成为你的追随者）”可知，本段主

要讲述了父母应该做孩子的好榜样。由此可知，A.Leadbyexample.（以身作则）适合作本段主旨句，符合语

境。故选Ao

【17题详解】

根据上文“Workoutexactlyhowmuchsleeptheyneed.Teenagersshouldaimforbetweeneightandtenhours）

sleepanight,accordingtotheWorldHealthOrganisation.（算出他们到底需要多少睡眠。根据世界卫生组织的建

议，青少年每晚应该保证8到10个小时的睡眠）”可知，本段主要讲述青少年需要的睡眠时间。由此可知，

D.Buttheexactamountofsleepyourteenagerneedsisunique.（但是你的青少年需要的确切睡眠时间是独一无

二的）能够衔接上文，符合语境。故选D。

【18题详解】

根据上文uEstablishawinddown（放松）routine.Oncetheyknowhowmuchsleepthey'reaimingfor,helpthem

toachievethisbynegotiatinga30to60minutewinddownroutinebeforetheygotobed,atthesametimeevery

night.（建立一个逐渐放松的例行程序。一旦他们知道了自己想要的睡眠时间，就可以在每晚睡觉前的同一时

间安排30到60分钟的放松时间来帮助他们实现这个目标）”可知，本段主要讲述睡前安排一些放松时间。

由止匕可知，G.Abathwillbringthebodytemperaturedownadegreewhichisidealforsleep.（洗澡可以使体温降低

一度，这是睡眠的理想条件）属于一种放松方式，符合语境。故选G。

【19题详解】

根据上文uLetthemhaveaweekendliein.Enableyourchildrentogetupaslateastheycan,sparingthemthe

morningchores.（让他们周末睡个懒觉。让你的孩子尽可能晚起，让他们少做早上的家务）”可知，本段主要

讲述学习休假的日子里，让孩子多休息。由此可知，F.Onstudyleavedaysanextrahourinbedwillhelpthem

concentratebetter.（在学习休假的日子里，多睡一小时有助于他们更好地集中注意力）能够衔接上文，符合语

境。故选F。

[20题详解】

此处位于文章尾段，B.Letyourteenagershavemoresleep.（让你的孩子有更多的睡眠）能够照应首段中的

“Herearesomepracticalwaysyoucanhelpthem.（这里有一些实用的方法可以帮助他们）"，同时引起下文

“Theywillrewardyoumore.（他们会回报你更多）”，符合语境。故选B。

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

The8yearoldboyacrossthestreetstormedinandoutofhisownhouseveryoften.Aneighbor,WilliamDunn,

21whatwasgoingoninhislife.SoDunnaskedhim.

“Hetoldmethathedidn'thavea22JsaysDunn,now58,“andIrealizedtherewas23Icoulddo

fbrThatsomethingwas24apassionDunn'sfatherhadsharedwithhim.

Dunnhastakengroupsofkidsoutalmostevery25tofish.Mostdidn'thavefatherfiguresintheirlives

andhadneverfished."They'dbeenthroughalot,andtheirliveswere26JDunnsays."Butwhentheywere

fishing,allofthat27Outontheboat,they'dbesmiling,andeven28

Jayden,now13,hasbeeadevotedfishermanand29Dunnwithhelpinghimmature.66Ihopeheknows

ImeanitwhenIsaythankyou,^^hesays.

Justas30asthefishingarethe31Dunnformswiththekids."WhenJaydenwasgoing

througha32periodrecentlyinstudy-IletDunnknowthathisgradesweresufferingandhehada

littletalkwithJayden“Jayden'smothersays.Toherdelight,Jayden'sgrades33improvedinthenext

exam.

“Thereisnothinglikeseeinga34lightupwithasmile,9,Dunnsays."Ifeellucky

to35thatever