浙江省嘉兴市2023年高三《英语》上学期12月月考试题与参考

浙江省嘉兴市2023年高三《英语》上学期12月月考试题与参考答案第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthewoman’smotherlooklike?A.Shewearsglasses.B.Shehasdarkeyes.C.Shehaswhitehair.2.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Cold.B.Cloudy.C.Rainy.3.Whenisthemanmostlikelytomeetthewomantomorrow?A.At2:00p.m.B.At1:00a.m.C.At11:00a.m.4.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hisclassisdifficulttopass.B.Thewomancanhandlethesituation.C.30%ofhisstudentsmaytaketheprogram.5.Wherearethespeakersgoingfirst?A.Thechemist’s.B.Thesportsshop.C.Thebookshop.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Salesmanandshopper.B.Waiterandcustomer.C.Neighbors.7.Whatdoesthewomanneed?A.Twoeggs.B.Somecoffee.C.Acake.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeakers?A.Theyareonvacationnow.B.Theywentonajourneylastyear.C.They’vedecidedontheholidaydestination.9.Howlongdoesthetripintheadvertisementtake?A.14days.B.21days.C.28days.10.Whydoesn’tthewomanlikethetripintheadvertisement?A.Shedoesn’tlikethefood.B.Shehatestravellingbyship.C.Shepreferstostayinoneplace.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whydidthewomangetaticketfromthepolice?A.Herkidsjumpedoutofthecar.B.Herkidsshoutedloudlyinthecar.C.Herkidsdidn’tweartheirseatbelts.12.WhoisJason?A.Theman’snephew.B.Thewoman’snephew.C.Theman’sson.13.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofwhatthemansaidaboutJason?A.Unbelievable.B.Meaningful.C.Interesting.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whendidtheoldladyfinishhercollegeeducation?A.Attheageof84.B.Attheageof86.C.Attheageof87.15.Whydidtheoldladyoncedropoutofcollege?AShefailedtheexams.B.Shewasforcedtowork.C.Shewastiredofschoollife.16.Whatisthewoman?A.Astudent.B.Awriter.C.Ateacher.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatdidJames’parentssuggesthedo?A.Campnearhome.B.Takearaincoat.C.Stayathome.18.HowdoesJamesplantogotothecampsitefromthevillage?A.Bybus.B.Bycar.C.Onfoot.19.WhatisPollyaskedtobring?A.Food.B.Atent.C.Drinks.20.WhenwillJamesandPollygettothevillage?A.At4p.m.B.At5p.m.C.At8p.m.第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。APodcasts（播客）haveexplodedintoourcultureandareanexcellentwaytoentertainyourselfwhileusingpublictransport,workingoutortraveling.ThinkFast,TalkSmartWeallhavetheabilitytocommunicatemoreclearly,especiallyatwork.StanfordGraduateSchoolofBusinesslecturerMattAbrahamsdiscussesreal-worldchallengesandofferstipssuchaswritingbetteremailsandpreparingformeetingsandpresentations.Unreal:ACriticalHistoryofRealityTVSinceitexplodedintheearly2000swithshowslikeBigBrotherandSurvivor,realityTVhasbothamazedandshockedviewers.TheBBC’sSirinKaleandPandoraSykesdigintothemessuchastheKardashians’creationofcelebrity,andwhySellingSunsetandRealHousewivesaresosuccessful.Terrible,ThanksforAskingThispodcastfeaturesguestswhoopenupabouttheirpainandloss.HostandauthorNoraMcInernydescribesherselfasa“realloser”.InoneepisodeofTerrible,ThanksforAsking,Nora,sufferingfromdepression,goestoTwittertosurveylistenersaboutwhatkeepsthemupatnight.ASongofIceandFireForthosewholikelonglistens,GeorgeR.R.Martin’sseriesclaimsthe（Iron）Throne.Thefirstbook,the33-hour-longGameofThrones,wonaGuinnessWorldRecordforthe“mostcharactervoicesinabook”with224charactersalone.HOWTOGETPODCASTSTolistenontheweb:Inasearchengine,lookup“ThinkFast,TalkSmart”forexample,andclickontheplaybutton.Todownload:DownloadanappsuchasPodcatchersoriTunesonyourphoneortabletandsimplysearchbytitle.1.Whenisitnotsuitableforyoutolistentoapodcast?A.Whenwritinganessay.B.Whenjogginginthepark.C.Whengoingtoworkbybus.D.Whentakingatripabroad.2.Wherewillyoufindsomeonesharingasimilarexperienceafterabreak-up?A.ThinkFast,TalkSmart.B.Unreal:ACriticalHistoryofRealityTV.C.Terrible,ThanksforAsking.D.ASongofIceandFire.3.Howcanyougetapodcast?A.Byclickingaweblink.B.BysearchingoniTunes.C.Bystartingasearchengine.D.BydownloadingPodcatchers.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章指出了播客已经成为了人类文化的一部分，并且是在乘坐公共交通、锻炼或旅行时娱乐自己的一种极好的方式。同时文章中介绍了四个播客。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Podcasts（播客）haveexplodedintoourcultureandareanexcellentwaytoentertainyourselfwhileusingpublictransport,workingoutortraveling.（播客已经进入了我们的文化，是在乘坐公共交通、锻炼或旅行时娱乐自己的一种极好的方式。）”可知，播客适合在乘坐公共交通、锻炼或旅行时娱乐自己的一种极好的方式，写文章的时候未提及。故选A。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据Terrible,ThanksforAsking部分中“Thispodcastfeaturesguestswhoopenupabouttheirpainandloss.（本播客嘉宾们畅谈了他们的痛苦和失落。）”可知，在刚刚经历分手的人即经历痛苦和失落的人，可以在该节目中分享类似的经验。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一部分HOWTOGETPODCASTS中“Todownload:DownloadanappsuchasPodcatchersoriTunesonyourphoneortabletandsimplysearchbytitle.（下载方法:在手机或平板电脑上下载Podcatchers或iTunes等应用程序，然后按标题搜索即可。）”可知，可以从iTunes应用程序中搜索进行下载。故选B。BThestudiooftheLyon-basedartistknownasEmememreceivedanurgentcallfromanarchitecturalfirmclosetoPlaceSathonaylastyear.Someonewasintheprocessofremovingamosaic（马赛克）hehadfixedontheroadinfrontoftheiroffices.Bythetimehearrived,themanwasgone.Partofthatartworkmayhavedisappeared,butmanyofEmemem’screationsremaindotted（分散的）throughoutthecitystreets...about350andcounting.Emememcallshimself“theroad’ssurgeon”.Hehaswrittenthattheworksare“amemorynotebookofthecity”.Hisworkshavebeendrawingmoreandmoreattention.“He’sastaroflocalstreetart,”saysLisaMambre,themayorofLyon.“Hisworkissonoticeable.Everyoneyouaskseemstoknowaboutit.”YetwhileEmemem’sworksmaybevisible,hepreferstoremainunknowntothePublic.Herefusestobephotographedanddoesn’tgiveeitherphoneorface-to-faceinterviews.Ememem’sagent,GuillaumeAbou,whohasknownhimfor15years,canoffersomeinsight.“He’ssomeonewithagreaturgetogive,”saysAbou.“He’squitelaid-back.“Whoeverheisandwhateverhisgrowingpopularitybrings,onethingisforsure:EmememwillcontinuetogooutatnighttobeautifyLyon’sdamagedroads.Heseeshisinterventionsnotonlyasaservicetothecommunity,butalsoasameansofbringingbeautytodailylife.“Thegoal,”hewrites,“istospreadatouchofpoetryunderourshoes,togenerateamomentofamazement,asmile.”4.WhatdidEmememdoafterhereceivedthecall?A.Hecalledthepoliceimmediately.B.Hewenttohaveacheckhimself.C.Hebeganrepairingtheartwork.D.Hesetofftosearchforthethief.5.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesEmemem’sartworks?A.Priceless. B.Puzzling. C.Inspiring. D.Impressive.6.WhatdoweknowaboutEmemem?A.Heconsidersfametobeinsignificant.B.Manyofhisartworkshavedisappeared.C.Heiscalledthecity’smemorynotebook.D.Streetartbecomesnoticeablethankstohim.7.WhydoesEmemembeautifyLyon’sdamagedroads?A.Tomakehisdailylifecolorful.B.Tosharehisunderstandingofart.C.Tofillpeoplewithsurpriseanddelight.D.Toraisepublicawarenessofcommunityservice.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了艺术家Ememem的故事，他对受损的道路进行美化，艺术作品散布在城市街道上。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Bythetimehearrived,themanwasgone.（当他到达时，那个人已经走了）”可知，接到电话后，Ememem立刻赶到现场，亲自去检查。故选B项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Hisworkissonoticeable.Everyoneyouaskseemstoknowaboutit.（他的作品非常引人注目。你问的每个人似乎都知道它）”可知，每个人似乎都知道Ememem的作品，所以他的作品是令人印象深刻的。故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“hepreferstoremainunknowntothePublic.Herefusestobephotographedanddoesn’tgiveeitherphoneorface-to-faceinterviews.（他宁愿自己不为公众所知。他拒绝拍照，也不接受电话或面对面采访）”可知，Ememem拒绝拍照，也不接受电话或面对面采访，淡泊名利，认为名声微不足道。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Heseeshisinterventionsnotonlyasaservicetothecommunity,butalsoasameansofbringingbeautytodailylife.“Thegoal,”hewrites,“istospreadatouchofpoetryunderourshoes,togenerateamomentofamazement,asmile.”（他认为他的干预不仅是对社区的服务，也是为日常生活带来美的一种手段。“我们的目标，”他写道，“是在我们的鞋下传播一点诗歌，产生一瞬间的惊喜和微笑。”）”可知，Ememem美化受损的街道是为了为日常生活带来美，为了让人们充满惊喜和微笑。故选C项。CInthisperiodofanxietyaboutthesizeofourwaistsandwhatweconsume,simpledietaryrulesareappealing.“Eatlikeourancestors”isaparticularlycatchyslogan（口号）toliveby.Butwhoaretheseancestorswearesupposedtofollow?Aretheyourgreat-great-grandparents,cookinghealthythings?Oraretheyhairyanimalsweimagine“cavemen“tobe?Thepopularancientdietblamesmodernhealthproblemsonthebirthofagriculture,claimingthatweshouldsticktoeatingmeat,nutsandberries.Thiskindofstoneagetrendisbasedonthefalseassumptionthatpalaeolithic（旧石器时代的）peoplesallatethesamefood,regardlessoftheirlocation.Nevertheless,England’s9,000-year-oldCheddarManwouldnothaveeatenthesamefoodsashiscontemporariesontheKenyanplain.Theamountofmeatpeoplesate,andhowmuchwasobtainedbyhunting,arealsoupfordebate.Moreover,thestoneagetrendisfocusedonwhat’sperceivedtobegoodforourbodies,withoutanyconcernfortherestofnature,includingotherhumanswhoselivelihoodsarethreatenedbywesternoverconsumption.WereItoeatlikemyPunjabifarminggreat-grandparents,mydietwouldbebasedonthewheatandmilkproductsthatpeopleinthePunjabhavereliedonforprobablyatleastthelasttwothousandyears.Butdeliciousand“original”asitmightbeformetofollowitslead,themoralsofindustriallyfarmedmilkproductsinthe21stcenturymakethesituationmoreconfusingandcomplicated.Now,probablymorethaneverbefore,whatweeatconnectsustothefateofotherbeings,humanandnon-human,andtothefateofourplanet.Adogmatic（武断的）approachtothiswouldbeamistake.Bettertopreservewhat’sworthkeepingandremainclear-eyedaboutourcookingpast,muchofwhichisunknowable,immoralandimpossibletofollowinanycase.8.Whatdoesthetextconcern?A.Anancientstudy.B.Animmoralcase.C.Abalanceddiet.D.Apopularbelief.9.WhydoestheauthormentionCheddarManinparagraph3?A.Toillustrateanopinion.B.Topresentafact.C.Toclarifyaconcept.D.Tointroduceatheory.10.Whatdoestheauthorfocusoninparagraph4?A.Theeatingbehaviorofourgreat-grandparents.B.Theconnectionbetweenfoodchoiceandnature.C.Therelationshipamongeating,huntingandfarming.D.Theimpactoffoodoverconsumptionontheenvironment.11.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Punjabidiet:popularagainB.Shouldweeatlikeourancestors?C.Isthefateoftheplanetinourhands?D.Ourcookingpast:acomplicatedhistory【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了从石器时代到现代等不同时期人类的饮食选择的见解与看法，说明我们最好保留值得保留的东西，并对我们的饮食历史保持清醒的认识。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Inthisperiodofanxietyaboutthesizeofourwaistsandwhatweconsume,simpledietaryrulesareappealing.“Eatlikeourancestors”isaparticularlycatchyslogan（口号）toliveby.（在这个对腰围大小和消费的东西感到焦虑的时期，简单的饮食规则很有吸引力。“像我们的祖先一样吃饭”是一个特别吸引人的口号。）”可知，在现代，简单的饮食规则很有吸引力，现在最受欢迎的口号是“像我们祖先那样吃饭”，从而引出本文的话题。由此可知本文关注的话题为一种受欢迎的信念。故选D项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Nevertheless,England’s9,000-year-oldCheddarManwouldnothaveeatenthesamefoodsashiscontemporariesontheKenyanplain.（然而，拥有9000年历史的英格兰切达人不会吃与他在肯尼亚平原上的同时代人相同的食物。）”讲述的是英国九千年前的CheddarMan吃的食物与肯尼亚平原上的同时代人不同，由此可知，此处阐述的是一种观点和看法。故选A项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。分析段落的结构可知，第四段中的首句“Moreover,thestoneagetrendisfocusedonwhat’sperceivedtobegoodforourbodies,withoutanyconcernfortherestofnature,includingotherhumanswhoselivelihoodsarethreatenedbywesternoverconsumption.（此外，石器时代的趋势集中在被认为对我们身体有益的东西上，而不关心自然界的其他部分，包括其他生计受到西方过度消费威胁的人。）”是本段的主题句，此段讲述的是石器时代人们选择的是我们认为对我们身体有益的东西，根本不考虑大自然的其他方面。由此可知，该段分析的是石器时代人们对食物的选择与大自然的关系。故选B项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据首段中的““Eatlikeourancestors”isaparticularlycatchyslogan（口号）toliveby.（“像我们的祖先一样吃饭”是一个特别吸引人的口号。）”引出本文讲述的话题，接下来文章又分析不同时代的人们对饮食观点和看法，再结合文章尾段中的“Bettertopreservewhat’sworthkeepingandremainclear-eyedaboutourcookingpast,muchofwhichisunknowable,immoralandimpossibletofollowinanycase.（最好保留值得保留的东西，并对我们的烹饪历史保持清醒，其中大部分是不可知的，不道德的，无论如何都不可能遵循的。）”可知，我们在对食物作出选择的时候要保持清醒的头脑，不能一味地跟随以前的消费想法，综合以上分析，该段的标题可以为“我们要不要像我们的祖先那样消费？”。故选B项。DVoicesofferlotsofinformation.Itturnsoutthattheycanevenhelpdiagnose（诊断）anillnessandresearchersareworkingonanappforthat.TheNationalInstitutesofHealthisfundingamassiveresearchprojecttocollectvoicedataanddevelopanAIthatcoulddiagnosepeoplebasedontheirspeech.Everythingsuchasyourbreathingpatternswhenyouspeakofferspotentialinformationaboutyourhealth,saysDr.YaelBensoussan,thedirectoroftheUniversityofSouthFlorida’sHealthVoiceCenterandaleaderonthestudy.“Weaskedexperts:Well,ifyoucloseyoureyeswhenapatientcomesin,justbylisteningtotheirvoice,canyouhaveanideaofthediagnosistheyhave?”saysBensoussan.“Andthat’swherewegotallourinformation.SomeonewhospeakslowandslowlymighthaveParkinson’sdisease.Depressionorcancercouldevenbediagnosed.”TheprojectispartoftheNIH’sBridgetoAIprogram,whichwaslaunchedoverayearagowithmorethan$100millioninfundingfromthegovernment,withthegoalofcreatinglarge-scalehealthcaredatabasesforprecision（精准）medicine.“Wewerereallylackingwhatwecallopensourcedatabases,”saysBensoussan.“Everyinstitutionhastheirowndatabase.Buttocreatethesenetworkswasreallyimportanttoallowresearchersfromothergenerationstousethisdata.”Theultimategoaloftheprojectisanappthatcouldhelpbridgeaccesstoruralorunderservedcommunities,byhelpinggeneralpractitioners（行医者）referpatientstospecialists.Togetthere,researchershavetostartbyamassingdata,sincetheAIcanonlygetasgoodasthedatabaseit’slearningfrom.Bytheendofthefouryears,theyhopetocollectabout30,000voices.Thereareafewroadblocks,however.HIPAA,thelawthatregulatesmedicalprivacy,isn’treallyclearonwhetherresearcherscansharevoices.Everyinstitutionhasdifferentrulesonwhatcanbeshared,andthatopensallsortsofmoralandlegalquestions.12.Whatistheprojectaimedat?A.Examiningvoicedata.B.Detectingspeechproblems.C.Offeringhealthinformation.D.Developingamedicaldiagnosisapp.13.WhatdidDr.YaelBensoussanlearnfromtheexperts?A.Doctorsworkbetterwiththeireyesclosed.B.Parkinson’sdiseasecanbeeasilydiscovered.C.Howapersonwalksshowshishealthcondition.D.Thevoiceofapatientmayindicateacertainillness.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“amassing”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Storing. B.Analyzing. C.Collecting. D.Exchanging15.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thedifficultyincarryingouttheproject.B.Theneedtosharevoicesconcerningtheproject.C.Thewaytoprotectmedicalprivacyintheproject.D.Theproposalforissuingrulesrelatedtotheproject.【答案】12.D13.D14.C15.A【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了美国国立卫生研究院NIH的研究项目，研发一个医疗诊断应用程序，文章从项目诞生背景，研究主要目的和原理和面临的问题等多个方面展开介绍。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Itturnsoutthattheycanevenhelpdiagnose（诊断）anillnessandresearchersareworkingonanappforthat.TheNationalInstitutesofHealthisfundingamassiveresearchprojecttocollectvoicedataanddevelopanAIthatcoulddiagnosepeoplebasedontheirspeech.（事实证明，它们甚至可以帮助诊断疾病，研究人员正在为此开发一款应用程序。美国国立卫生研究院（NationalInstitutesofHealth）正在资助一个大型研究项目，收集语音数据，开发一种可以根据语音为人诊断的人工智能。）”和第四段的“Theultimategoaloftheprojectisanapp…（该项目的最终目标是开发一款应用程序）”可知，这个项目的目的是研发一个医疗诊断应用程序。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“‘Weaskedexperts:Well,ifyoucloseyoureyeswhenapatientcomesin,justbylisteningtotheirvoice,canyouhaveanideaofthediagnosistheyhave?’’saysBensoussan.‘Andthat’swherewegotallourinformation.’SomeonewhospeakslowandslowlymighthaveParkinson’sdisease.Depressionorcancercouldeven.bediagnosed.（“我们问专家:嗯，如果病人进来时你闭上眼睛，只听他们的声音，你能知道诊断结果吗?”Bensoussan说。“这就是我们获得所有信息的地方。说话低沉缓慢的人可能患有帕金森氏症。甚至抑郁症或癌症也能被诊断出。）”可知，从专家那里YaelBensoussan了解到病人的声音可能表明他患有某种疾病。故选D。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据下文“sincetheAIcanonlygetasgoodasthedatabaseit’slearningfrom.Bytheendofthefouryears,theyhopetocollectabout30,000voices.（因为人工智能实际上只能获得它学习的数据库。到四年结束时，他们希望收集到大约3万个声音。）”可知，数据不够是研究人员面临的主要问题，所以为了实现目标必须从收集大量数据开始，所以划线词与collecting意思相近。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段内容“Thereareafewroadblocks,however.HIPAA,thelawthatregulatesmedicalprivacy,isn’treallyclearonwhetherresearcherscansharevoices.Everyinstitutionhasdifferentrulesonwhatcanbeshared,andthatopensallsortsofmoralandlegalquestions.（然而，还有一些障碍。监管医疗隐私的HIPAA法律并没有明确规定研究人员是否可以分享声音。每个机构对可以共享的内容都有不同的规定，这就引发了各种各样的道德和法律问题。）”可知，本段讲述实施实验计划面临的困难。故选A。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Cloudstorageisaflexibleandconvenientwaytostoredatawithcompletepeaceofmind.___16___Thismeansyoucanstoreallyourdigitalthingsremotely,withouttakingupspaceonyourcomputer.Therearetwooptionsavailable:publiccloudstorageallowsyoutosharehostingspacewithotherusers;privatecloudstorageistheidealchoiceforcompanieswhowanttohavetheirdatastoredintheirownenvironment.___17___Onceyouhaveregisteredandsetupyouraccount,yousimplysaveyourfilesviatheinternetusingyourusernameandpassword.Thisensuresyourdataremainssecureandinaccessibletoanyoneelse.Shouldyouchoose,youcanputcertainpermissionsinplace,whichmakesiteasytoshareyourdatawithyourcolleaguesoryourfamily.Whenyousignuptocloudstorage,youcanchoosetheamountofspaceyouneed.___18___Youcanstoreanythingdigital:allyourfiles,videosandpictures.Whetheryouwanttousethisstoragesolutiontostoreyourfamilyphotographsoryouwanttouseittostoreyourworkdocumentation,youwillfinditquiteconvenient.Isitbetterthanyourcomputeroranexternaldrive?Theanswerisadefiniteyes.Computerscrashallthetime.Thisisthemostcommoncauseoflostworkandmemories.___19___Hereyoualsohavetheaddedriskofmisplacingitorhavingitstolen.Therearesomanyadvantagestocloudcomputing,fromtheabilitytoaccessyourdatafromwherever,whenever,tonotneedingexpensiveexternalstoragedevices.___20___A.Cloudstorageisverysimpletouse.B.Youwillfindcloudstorageverycheap.C.Externalharddrivescanstillbreak,orfail.D.Itenablesyoutostoreyourdataonhostedservers.E.Cloudstorageprovidersoffermultiplelayersofdatasecurity.F.Theonlydisadvantage,however,isthatyouneedinternettoaccessfiles.G.Youcanstartwithasmallamountandincreasethestoragesizelateron.【答案】16.D17.A18.G19.C20.F【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了云存储是一种灵活、方便、完全放心的数据存储方式。它有很多优点，但也有唯一缺点是你需要互联网来访问文件。【16题详解】根据空前“Cloudstorageisaflexibleandconvenientwaytostoredatawithcompletepeaceofmind.”（云存储是一种灵活、方便、完全放心的数据存储方式。）可知，介绍了云存储是一种存储方式。以及空后“Thismeansyoucanstoreallyourdigitalthingsremotely,withouttakingupspaceonyourcomputer.Therearetwooptionsavailable:publiccloudstorageallowsyoutosharehostingspacewithotherusers;privatecloudstorageistheidealchoiceforcompanieswhowanttohavetheirdatastoredintheirownenvironment.（这意味着你可以远程存储所有的数字物品，而不会占用电脑空间。有两种选择:公共云存储允许您与其他用户共享托管空间;私有云存储是希望将数据存储在自己环境中的公司的理想选择。）可知，Thismeans是指前面云储存的将数据存储在托管服务器上的方式。故D项“Itenablesyoutostoreyourdataonhostedservers.”（它使您能够将数据存储在托管服务器上。）符合语境。it指代前面的cloudstorage，故选D。【17题详解】根据空后“Onceyouhaveregisteredandsetupyouraccount,yousimplysaveyourfilesviatheinternetusingyourusernameandpassword.”（一旦你注册并设置了你的账户，你只需使用你的用户名和密码通过互联网保存你的文件。）可知，这里解释了云存储操作简单。故A项“Cloudstorageisverysimpletouse.”（云存储使用起来非常简单。）符合语境。故选A。【18题详解】根据空前“Whenyousignuptocloudstorage,youcanchoosetheamountofspaceyouneed.”（当您注册云存储时，您可以选择所需的空间量。）可知，用户可以在云存储选择空间量的大小。故G项“Youcanstartwithasmallamountandincreasethestoragesizelateron.”（你可以从少量开始，然后增加存储空间。）符合语境。故选G。【19题详解】根据空前“Isitbetterthanyourcomputeroranexternaldrive?Theanswerisadefiniteyes.Computerscrashallthetime.Thisisthemostcommoncauseoflostworkandmemories.”（它比你的电脑或外接硬盘好吗?答案是肯定的。电脑总是死机。这是丢失工作和记忆最常见的原因。）可知，云存储比电脑和外接硬盘好，先指出电脑缺点，后面要说外部硬盘的缺点。故C项“Externalharddrivescanstillbreak,orfail.”（外部硬盘驱动器仍然可能损坏或失效。）符合语境。it指代前面的cloudstorage，故选C。【20题详解】根据空前“Therearesomanyadvantagestocloudcomputing,fromtheabilitytoaccessyourdatafromwherever,whenever,tonotneedingexpensiveexternalstoragedevices.”（云计算有很多优点，从随时随地访问数据的能力到不需要昂贵的外部存储设备。）可知，介绍了云存储很多优点，后面要转折说出它的缺点。故F项“Theonlydisadvantage,however,isthatyouneedinternettoaccessfiles.”（然而，唯一的缺点是你需要互联网来访问文件。）符合语境。it指代前面的cloudstorage，故选F。第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Simbawasourfirstdog.Whenwesawhimattheshelter,hewasaboutthreemonthsold,___21___scaredandwouldshyawayifanyonecametopethim.However,withtimeand___22___,SimbagrewfastandmadeuslaughmoretimesthanIcouldcount.WhenSimbawassixteen,hedevelopedhyperthyroidism（甲亢）.Hewasslowlygrowingweaker.___23___,hespenthisdaysjust___24___inhisbedinthebackyard,watchingthebirdsinthefeeder.Onemorning,awhitedove（鸽子）landedonthewallnexttothehouse.Thedovewalkedbackandforthalongthewalland___25___Simbaforhours.Bysunset,hewaseatingoutofmyhand.He___26___everymorningthereafter.Hewas___27___bySimbaandspentmostofthedaywalkingaroundhisbed,___28___theotherbirdsawayfromthefeeder,andsittinginthebushesaboveSimba’shead___29___hisdovesongs.Wenevergavethedoveanameandjust____30____itwasa“he”Wecalledhim“Simba’sfriend.”Thedovereturneddailyforfour____31____.Then,thedaycamewhenSimba____32____peacefully.Twodayslater,Simba’sfriend____33____atsunsetandneverreturned.Ialwaysthoughtthathecameforthefoodandstayedforthe____34____thathesharedwithSimba,butIthinkhereallycametobring____35____toourbelovedSimbainhisfinaldays.21.A.nervous B.guilty C.embarrassed D.confused22.A.determination B.curiosity C.patience D.courage23.A.Generally B.Accidentally C.Frequently D.Eventually24.A.playing B.standing C.sleeping D.lying25.A.fed B.watched C.taught D.comforted26.A.nested B.visited C.left D.wandered27.A.attracted B.amused C.changed D.supported28.A.guiding B.taking C.forcing D.hiding29.A.recording B.creating C.learning D.singing30.A.proved B.assumed C.pretended D.suspected31.A.decades B.years C.months D.days32.A.died B.rose C.survived D.disappeared33.A.passedby B.flewoff C.hungabove D.movedaway34.A.responsibility B.kindness C.friendship D.sympathy35.A.peace B.honor C.faith D.life【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.D25.B26.B27.A28.C29.D30.B31.C32.A33.B34.C35.A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述一只鸽子陪伴着作者家的老狗Simba度过它最后生命的故事。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们在收容所看到它的时候，它大约三个月大，很紧张，很害怕，如果有人来抚摸它，它就会躲开。A.nervous紧张的；B.guilty内疚的，愧疚的；C.embarrassed尴尬的；D.confused困惑的。根据后文“wouldshyawayifanyonecametopethim.”可知，如果有人来抚摸Simba，它就会躲开，由此它是紧张的和害怕的。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着时间的推移和耐心，Simba成长得很快，它逗我们笑的次数我都数不清了。A.determination决定；B.curiosity好奇心；C.patience耐心；D.courage勇气。根据后文“SimbagrewfastandmadeuslaughmoretimesthanIcouldcount.”可知，Simba在作者耐心地培养下，快乐地成长。故选C。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，它每天只是躺在后院的床上，看着喂食器边上的鸟。A.Generally一般地；B.Accidentally偶然地；C.Frequently频繁地；D.Eventually最终地。根据前文“Hewasslowlygrowingweaker.”可知，它慢慢地变得虚弱起来，最终只能躺在床上。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.playing玩；B.standing站立，忍受；C.sleeping睡觉；D.lying躺着。根据“inhisbed”可知，此处表示“躺在床上”。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：鸽子沿着墙来回地走，注视了Simba好几个小时。A.fed喂养，饲养；B.watched观看，注视；C.taught教；D.comforted宽慰。根据前文“Thedovewalkedbackandforth”可知，鸽子来回走的同时注视着Simba好几个小时。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，它每天早上都来。A.nested筑巢；B.visited拜访；C.left离开；D.wandered徘徊，闲逛。根据前文“Bysunset,hewaseatingoutofmyhand.”可知，经过了一天的相处，鸽子在作者的手边吃东西，可知鸽子与作者熟悉起来并不害怕作者。从那以后，它每天早上都来。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它被Simba吸引住了，一天中的大部分时间都在它的床上走来走去，把其他的鸟逼离喂食器，坐在Simba头顶上的灌木丛里，咕咕地唱着鸽子歌。A.attracted吸引；B.amused愉快；C.changed改变；D.supported支持。根据后文“spentmostofthedaywalkingaroundhisbed”可知，该鸽子被Simba吸引住了，一天中的大部分时间都在它的床上走来走去。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.guiding指导；B.taking带走；C.forcing被迫；D.hiding隐藏。根据后文“awayfromthefeeder”可知，该只鸽子将其他的鸟从喂食器边上驱赶走。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.recording记录；B.creating创造；C.learning学习；D.singing歌唱。根据后文“hisdovesongs”可知，鸽子坐在Simba头顶上的灌木丛里，咕咕地唱着鸽子歌。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们从来没有给鸽子起过名字，只是视它为“他”，我们叫它“Simba朋友”。A.proved证明；B.assumed认为，假设；C.pretended假装；D.suspected怀疑。根据后文“itwasa“he”Wecalledhim“Simba’sfriend.””可知，作者虽然从来没有给鸽子起过名字，但视它为“Simba的朋友”。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：鸽子每天都回来，持续了四个月。A.decades数十年；B.years数年；C.months数月；D.days数天。此处表示鸽子每天都来，持续了四个月的时间。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，Simba平静地死去的那一天到来了。A.died死亡；B.rose升起；C.survived存活；D.disappeared消失。根据后文“butIthinkhereallycametobring___15___toourbelovedSimbainhisfinaldays.”可知，在那天Simba平静地死去。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：两天后，Simba的朋友在日落时飞走了，再也没有回来。A.passedby路过；B.flewoff飞走；C.hungabove挂着；D.movedaway移走。根据后文“neverreturned”可知，该鸽子飞走了，再也没有回来。故选B。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直以为他是为了食物而来，为了和Simba的友谊而留下来，但我认为鸽子真正的目的是在我们亲爱的Simba最后的日子里给它带来安宁。A.responsibility责任；B.kindness善良；C.friendship友谊；D.sympathy同情。根据前文“itwasa“he”Wecalledhim“Simba’sfriend.””可知，Simba和鸽子已经是朋友，作者一直以为它是为了食物而来，为了和Simba的友谊而留下来。故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.peace和平；B.honor荣耀；C.faith信仰；D.life生活。根据前文“Then,thedaycamewhenSimba___12___peacefully.”可知，作者认为鸽子给亲爱的Simba在最后的日子里给它带来安宁。故选A。第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。WalkingintheparkofHelanshanRockArtRelicsinYinchuan,NingxiaHuiautonomousregionislike___36___（take）awanderthroughhistory.Onecan’thelpbutbeamazedatthenumberofartworksandcarvingsontherocksattheentrance___37___theHelanMountains.Altogether,about6,000carvings___38___（find）intheparkareasincethe1970s.AndintheHelanMountainsregion,morethan25,000___39___（piece）havebeendiscovered.Thisenablesvisitorstoget___40___brieflookintoprehistoricart,perhapsinatripofjustoneortwohours.Inotherplaces,visitorsoftenhavetowalklongdistancestofindsuchremains.ThehighlightoftherockartintheHelanMountainsis___41___（certain）thehumanfacescarvedonrocks,afeature___42___