辽宁省沈阳市2023年高三《英语》上学期期中试题与参考答案

辽宁省沈阳市2023年高三《英语》上学期期中试题与参考答案第一部分：听力第一节：听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatisJanegoingtodo?ABuysomebooks.B.Studyinthelibrary.C.Doapart-timejob.2.Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Travel.B.Housework.C.Weather.3.WhenwillTinaleavefortheairport?A.At2:00pm.B.At3:30pm.C.At6:30pm.4.Howwillthespeakersgototheexhibition?A.Bybicycle.B.Bysubway.C.Bycar.5.Whatistheman’sattitudetowardsthenews?A.Positive.B.Negative.C.Unconcerned.第二节：听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatmighttherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakersbe?A.Colleagues.B.Classmates.C.Teacherandstudent.7.Whatdidthewomandolastnight?A.Shedidsomeresearch.B.Shemetaclient.C.Shetypedareport.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.What’swrongwiththeman?A.Hehasaheadache.B.Hehasabadcold.C.Hehasalowfever.9.WhattimewillthemanseeDr.Carter?A.At4:00pm,Wednesday.B.At8:00am,Tuesday.C.At8:15am,Thursday.10.Whoisprobablythewoman?A.Dr.Carter.B.Dr.Carter’ssecretary.C.Dr.Carter’spatient.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantoaddtotheletter?A.Herphoto.B.Herhobbies.C.Herdrivinglicense.12.Whatlanguageisthewomanleastfluentin?A.Chinese.B.French.C.Japanese.13.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofhertypingskills?A.Useful.B.Poor.C.Basic.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Wheremightthetwospeakersbe?A.Inalift.B.Ataclinic.C.Atarestaurant.15.Howdoesthewomanreacttotheemergency?A.Shecomplains.B.Sheburstsintotears.C.Shekeepsmakingtelephones.16.Whyisthemansocalm?A.Hethinksit’suselesstoworry.B.Heknowshowtosolvetheproblem.C.Hehasbeeninthesamesituationbefore.17.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Cancelherappointment.B.Introduceherself.C.Ringthealarm.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Inwhichcountryisitpropertomakeanoisewhiledrinking?A.Mexico.B.Britain.C.Japan.19.WhatisconsideredrudeintheArabcountries?A.Eatingwithyourlefthand.B.Liftingthebowltoyourmouth.C.Keepingyourhandsonthetable.20.Whatadvicedoesthespeakergiveondifferentmanners?A.Doingasyoudoathome.B.Visitingdifferentcountries.C.Followingthenativepeople.第二部分：阅读理解第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AManysummercampshavehadtocanceltheirprogrammingduetoCOVID-19.Sowehavefoundagreatselectionofvirtualsummercampsforyourchildren.HappyCamperLiveAges:5~18Cost:$499amonthWhatisspecialaboutHappyCamperLiveisthattherearehundredsofcampadventuresandexperiencestochoosefromtoofferyourchildrenuniquecampexperience.Childrencanmakefunwithaworld-classathlete,playvolleyballwithanationalhighschoolchampionandlearnanewart,craftormusicalinstrument.SmartRobotsVirtualCampAges:7~11Cost:$179fortwoweeksCamperswillreceiveasmartcodingrobotofchoiceandlearningmaterialsandappstogetthemstartedinthiscamp.Thiscampisofmuchsocialexperience.Attheendofcamp,eachchildwillbecertificatedasa“juniorcoder”,havemadepenfriendsforlifeandhavenewskillsandknowledgetobringintotheirclassroomsinthefall.WrittenOutLoudAges:8~17Cost:250perweekThestorytellingschoolWrittenOutLoudhastransformeditsprogramtoavirtualstorytellingworkshop.Foundedin2018byaHollywoodfilm-maker,WrittenOutLoudoffersclassesforchildrenaged8to17thatcombinearangeofdisciplinessuchascreativewriting,film-makingandevenimprovingcomedy.GotGameSummerAcademyAges:4~12Cost:$195fortwoweeksWithafocusonreading,writingandmath,GotGamewillhelpyourchildrenstayacademicallyontrackwhilestillhavingfuninanenergisedvirtuallearningenvironment.Childrenwillreceivepersonalisedattentionfromteacherswhilealsoparticipatingingamesthatcentrearoundcommunicationongroupprojectsandbuildingindividualskills.1.Wherecancampersamusethemselveswithaworld-classathlete?A.InHappyCamperLive. B.InWrittenOutLoud.C.InSmartRobotsVirtualCamp. D.InGotGameSummerAcademy.2.What’sspecialaboutSmartRobotsVirtualCamp?A.Itisanexperiencedcamp.B.Itfocusesonimprovingmusicalskills.C.It’sthemostexpensiveofthefourcamps.D.Itoffersalargenumberofdifferentactivities3.WhatdoWrittenOutLoudandGotGameSummerAcademyhaveincommon?A.Theyaresuitableforchildrenunder8.B.Theyteachchildrenhowtomakefilms.C.Theyimprovechildren’swritingskills.D.Theyenablechildrentolearnwhileplayinggames.【答案】1.A2.A3.C【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个在新冠疫情期间适合学生参加的虚拟夏令营。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据HappyCamperLive的“Childrencanmakefunwithaworld-classathlete,playvolleyballwithanationalhighschoolchampionandlearnanewart,craftormusicalinstrument.(孩子们可以和世界级运动员一起玩耍，和全国高中冠军一起打排球，学习新的艺术、工艺或乐器。)”可知，在HappyCamperLive中，孩子们可以和世界级运动员一起玩耍。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据SmartRobotsVirtualCamp中的“Thiscampisofmuchsocialexperience.(这个营地有很多社会经验。)”可知，该夏令营经验丰富。故选A项。3题详解】细节理解题。根据WrittenOutLoud的“Foundedin2018byaHollywoodfilm-maker,WittenOutLoudoffersclassesforchildrenaged8to17thatcombinearangeofdisciplinessuchascreativewriting,film-makingandevenimprovingcomedy.(WittenOutLoud由一名好莱坞电影制作人于2018年创立，为8至17岁的儿童提供课程，结合了创意写作、电影制作甚至提高喜剧水平等一系列学科。)”中的disciplinessuchascreativewriting，以及GotGameSummerAcademy的“Withafocusonreading,writingandmath,GotGamewillhelpyourchildrenstayacademicallyontrackwhilestillhavingfuninanenergizedvirtuallearningenvironment.(专注于阅读，写作和数学，GotGame将帮助您的孩子在一个充满活力的虚拟学习环境中保持学业上的正轨)”中的Withafocusonreading,writingandmath可知，这两个夏令营都能提高孩子的写作能力。故选C项。BMyhandswereshakinguncontrollably.ItriedincrediblyhardtofocusonthewordsthatIspenthoursputtingdownonpaper.Itriedtodefeatmyfearofspeakinginpubliconnumerousoccasionsthroughoutmylife.Duringcollegeandatmyfirstfewjobs,IwouldgetridiculouslynervouswhenIhadtogiveapresentationorleadameeting.PublicspeakinghadbeenmynemesisforaslongasIcouldremember.Theninmymid-thirties,IdecidedtojointhepublicspeakinggroupToastmasters.Ateverymeeting,wewereratedandforcedtocompetewithotherspeakersforanaward.YouwouldthinkthatIwouldwalkawayfromtheseexperiencesasapolishedspeaker,butnothingseemedtowork.Itwasn’tuntilrecently,whenscienceandscientificinstitutionswerebeingattackedforunfairreasonsduringthepandemic,thatIdecidedImustspeakout.Sciencehasmadethiscountryaplacewheredreamscometrue—thisiswhyweallneedtoprotectscience.Inaddition,asasciencewriter,Itrytogetreaderstounderstandhowscienceisrelatedtotheirdailylives.SoIendeduponthatfrighteningstageonthatsunnySaturdayinApril—EarthDay.Despitethebodyshakesandfear,Ipersevered.Thatday,Ilookedoutintothecrowdoflike-mindedsciencesupportersandIfeltcomfort.Reachingthatmilestonegoalofgettingthroughaspeechtrulychangedme.Atalmostforty,IlearnedthatpassioncansetoffaflameinmyhearttodothingsIneverdreamedpossible.Thedarknessthatledtomyspeechissuretoleadtonewopportunitiesandadventures.4.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“nemesis”inParagraph1?A.Advantage. B.Annoyance. C.Preference. D.Confusion.5.HowdidtheauthorbehavetowardspublicspeakingafterleavingToastmasters?A.Hebegantofeellessworried. B.Hebecameapolishedspeaker.C.Heremainedashyspeaker. D.Thingsbecameworseforhim.6.WhatmadetheauthorwanttospeakoutonEarthDay?A.Itwasagoodchancetolearnscience.B.ItwasatestorganisedbyToastmasters.C.Hemustriseuptodefendhisjob.D.Hecouldn’thavepeopleattackingscience.7.Whatlessondidtheauthordrawfromhissuccessfulspeech?A.Frustrationcanbesteppingstonestosuccess.B.Sciencecanleadustomakewonderfulchanges.C.Anydifficultycanbeovercomewithgreatefforts.D.Passioncanmotiveustoachievetheunachievable.【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.D【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己多年恐惧在公共场合讲话，无法克服障碍，终于在最近科学和科研机构由于疫情原因受到不公平攻击时，克服恐惧，为科学及科学工作者勇敢发声，做到了以前不可能做到的事情。【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Duringcollegeandatmyfirstfewjobs,IwouldgetridiculouslynervouswhenIhadtogiveapresentationorleadameeting.(在大学期间和我最初的几份工作中，当我必须做报告或主持会议时，我会感到异常紧张。)”可知作者在大学期间和参加工作之初，都是不敢当众说话的态度，但是所以一到开会或者需要做公开演讲的时候就会紧张。由此可以推断当众公开讲话是使作者“烦恼甚至恼火的的事”。故选B项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Ateverymeeting,wewereratedandforcedtocompetewithotherspeakersforanaward.YouwouldthinkthatIwouldwalkawayfromtheseexperiencesasapolishedspeaker,butnothingseemedtowork(在每次会议上，我们都被迫与其他演讲者竞争奖项。你可能会认为我在经历这些之后会成为一名出色的演说家，但这些经历似乎都不起作用)”可知，作者在Toastmasters练习并参加很多比赛，但是仍然没有成为一个娴熟的演讲者，仍然无法克服障碍，还是腼腆无法表达。故选C项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Itwasn'tuntilrecently,whenscienceandscientificinstitutionswerebeingattackedforunfairreasonsduringthepandemic,thatIdecidedImustspeakout.(直到最近，当科学和科学机构在疫情大流行期间受到不公平的理由的攻击帮助时，我才决定我必须发声)”可知，因为自己所在国家的科学和科研机构受到言论攻击，这使作者要挺身而出捍卫科学，不能任由人们攻击科学。故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Atalmostforty,IlearnedthatpassioncansetoffaflameinmyhearttodothingsIneverdreamedpossible.Thedarknessthatledtomyspeechissuretoleadtonewopportunitiesandadventures.(在将近四十岁的时候，我明白了激情可以点燃我心中的火焰，去做我从未梦想过的事情。导致我演讲的黑暗一定会带来新的机会和冒险)”可知，作者意识到激情能够燃烧内心的火焰，然自己做到曾经不可能完成的事情。故选D项。CDogsmayappeartohaveselectivehearingwhenitcomestoordersbutresearchsuggeststheyarepayingattentiontohumanchitchat.Researchers,whoarrangedforheadphone-wearingdogstolistentoexcerpts(节录)fromthenovelTheLittlePrince,revealedtheirbrainscantellthedifferencesbetweenspeechandnon-speechwhenlisteningtohumanvoices,andshowdifferentresponsestospeechinanunfamiliarlanguage.Theresearchinvolved18dogsofvariousagesandbreeds(品种)thatweretrainedtolieinanMRIscannerwithheadphoneson.TheywerethenplayedrecordingseitherofhumansreadingexcerptsfromTheLittlePrinceorthosesamerecordingscutupintosmallpiecesandputbacktogetherinadifferentordersoitsoundedunnatural.Theresults,publishedinthejournalNeuroImage,revealedthedogs’brainsshowedadifferentactivitypatternintheprimaryauditorycortex(听觉皮层)forspeechcomparedwithnon-speech,withthefindingssimilarregardlessofwhetherthelanguageused—HungarianorSpanish—wasfamiliar.Curiously,thelongerthedogs’headswere,thebettertheirbrainscoulddistinguishspeechfromnon-speech.Theteamalsofoundtheactivitypatternwasstrongerfornon-speech.Inhumans,wetypicallyseestrongerresponsetospeech.Theresearchalsorevealedfamiliarandunfamiliarlanguagesgaverisetodifferentresponsesinthesecondaryauditorycortex—butonlyforspeech.Thatwasimportant,saidAndics,seniorauthorofthestudyatLorándUniversityinHungary,asitsuggestedtheabilitytodistinguishbetweenlanguageswasnotsimplydowntothespeakersbeingdifferent.Instead,theteamsaid,thedifferencesseenbetweenlanguagesforspeechareprobablydowntoexposuretothefamiliarlanguageandasensitivitytolanguage-specificregularities.“Thisisalsosupportedbytheobservationthatolderdogsshowthestrongerdiscriminationbetweenthetwolanguages,”saidAndics.8.What’sthefunctionofParagraph1?A.Tomakeacomparison. B.Tointroducethesubject.C.Toprovidethebackground. D.Toproposeadefinition.9.What’sParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Theprocessoftheresearch. B.Thepurposeoftheresearch.C.Thesubjectoftheresearch. D.Theoutcomeoftheresearch.10.Onwhatbasisdidtheresearchersgettheirfindings?A.Howoldandwhatbreedsthedogsare.B.Howmanytimesthedogsreadthebook.C.Howdogs’brainsreacttodifferentspeeches.D.Howdogsgetfamiliarwiththelanguagesused.11.Whycouldolderdogshavestrongerdiscrimination?A.Theyhavemetmoredifferentspeakers.B.Theyhavebeenexposedtostrictertraining.C.Theypossessabettersenseofcommitment.D.Theysharethespeakers’environmentlonger.【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究发现狗狗可以识别出人的闲谈，介绍了研究对象、方法、过程和结果。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Dogsmayappeartohaveselectivehearingwhenitcomestoordersbutresearchsuggeststheyarepayingattentiontohumanchitchat.(狗在听到命令时似乎有选择性听力，但研究表明它们一直在关注人类的闲聊)”结合下文对这一现象的研究推知，该段用来引出狗狗可以识别人的闲谈这一主题。故选B。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Theresearchinvolved18dogsofvariousagesandbreeds(品种)thatweretrainedtolieinanMRIscannerwithheadphoneson.TheywerethenplayedrecordingseitherofhumansreadingexcerptsfromTheLittlePrinceorthosesamerecordingscutupintosmallpiecesandputbacktogetherinadifferentordersoitsoundedunnatural.(该研究涉及18只不同年龄和品种的狗，这些狗被训练成戴着耳机躺在MRI扫描仪中，然后播放录音。要么是人们阅读《小王子》的节选，要么是那些相同的录音被分成几部分，然后以不同的顺序重新组合在一起，因此听起来不自然)”可知，本段介绍了实验的对象，实验如何分组和实施。故该段讲的是实验的过程。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Theresults,publishedinthejournalNeuroImage,revealedthedogs’brainsshowedadifferentactivitypatternintheprimaryauditorycortex(听觉皮层)forspeechcomparedwithnon-speech,withthefindingssimilarregardlessofwhetherthelanguageused—HungarianorSpanish—wasfamiliar.Curiously,thelongerthedogs’headswere,thebettertheirbrainscoulddistinguishspeechfromnon-speech.(发表在《神经图像》杂志上的研究结果显示，与非语音相比，狗的大脑在主要的听觉皮层中表现出不同的语言活动模式，无论使用的语言是匈牙利语还是西班牙语，都是相似的。奇怪的是，狗的头越长，它们的大脑就越能区分言语和非言语)”可知，本研究是通过分析狗狗大脑对不同语言的反应而得出结论的。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第七段“Instead,theteamsaid,thedifferencesseenbetweenlanguagesforspeechareprobablydowntoexposuretothefamiliarlanguageandasensitivitytolanguage-specificregularities.(相反，研究小组说，语言之间的语音差异可能归结为熟悉的语言和对特定语言规律的敏感性)”及最后一段““Thisisalsosupportedbytheobservationthatolderdogsshowthestrongerdiscriminationbetweenthetwolanguages,”saidAndics.(Andics说：“这也得到了观察的支持，即老年狗在两种语言之间表现出更强的辨别力。”)”可知，狗能区分语言之间的不同是由于狗接触熟悉的语言以及对特定语言常规模式的敏感。这是因为年纪大的狗狗对某种语言更加熟悉敏感。由此推知，和说话者共处同一环境的时间更长让年纪大的狗狗有更强的分辨能力。故选D。DSocietytellsusweshouldsocialisetothefullest,andthatthosewhoaresurroundedbypeoplearethemostsuccessfulandthehappiest.Thesedays,we’realmostalwaysconnected,whetherinpersonorthroughourphonescreensandonlinesocialnetworks.Butthere’ssomethingtobesaidforsolitude(独处),“Beingalonedoesn’tnecessarilymeanbeinglonely”.Infact,spendingtimebyyourselfisanessentialelementofself-care.Aroundtheglobe,differentcultureshavewide-rangingperspectivesonwhatitmeanstospendtimealone.IfyouliveorhavespenttimeintheUnitedStates,you’reprobablyawarethatAmericanstendtorejectsolitude.Formanyyoungerpeople,weekendsarepackedwithsocialactivities,rangingfrombrunchwithfriendstodinnerpartiestogamenightstodrinkingatbarsandeverythinginbetween.TheUnitedStatesisn’ttheonlyplacewhereyou’llfindaheavyemphasisonsocialtime.AcrosstheAtlantic,theUnitedKingdomisknownforbeinganextremelyextroverted(外向型的)country.AsurveyofBritsfoundthatmorethanhalfhadneverdoneandwouldbeunwillingtodoactivitieslikegoingtothemeparksorseeinglivemusicalone.MostBritsspendalmosttwiceasmuchoftheirleisuretimesocialisingwithothersastheydobeingalone.Thehomecanbeaplaceofrest,relaxationandrecharge—thatis,ifyoulivebyyourselforhavethespacetobealoneinyourhome.ThecountryinwhichpeopleareleastlikelytolivealoneisIndia,atabout4percentofthepopulation.Chinaisalsoquitefondofmultiple-personhouseholds,withonlyabout10percentofpeoplelivingbythemselves.Inmorecollectivistcultureslikethese,manyaspectsoflifearerelatedtocommunity.Thus,spendingtimealoneisn’tasingrained(根深蒂固的)asasocialconventioninplaceslikethese,andthegoodofthegrouptakespriorityovertheneedsofoneperson.12.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A.Peoplecanbenefitmorefromsolitude.B.Peopletendtosocialisemorenowadays.C.Beingalonegenerallyequalsbeinglonely.D.Beingaloneenablespeopletobecarefree.13.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesyoungAmericans?A.Imaginativeandwild. B.Responsibleandenergetic.C.Optimisticanddutiful. D.Outgoingandsociable.14.WhyaremostChinesepeoplemorelikelytolivetogether?A.Becausetheyshareaspecificculture.B.Becausetheylacksomelocalcustoms.C.Becausetheypossessenoughhomespace.D.Becausetheygiveprioritytotheirownneeds.15.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheEssenceofSelf-care B.EnjoySolitude,EnjoyYourselfC.TheFunctionsofDifferentCultures D.ThePerspectivesonSolitude【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了不同文化对独处的不同看法。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Societytellsusweshouldsocialisetothefullest,andthatthosewhoaresurroundedbypeoplearethemostsuccessfulandthehappiest.Thesedays,we’realmostalwaysconnected,whetherinpersonorthroughourphonescreensandonlinesocialnetworks.(社会告诉我们，我们应该充分地社交，那些被人包围的人是最成功和最快乐的。如今，我们几乎总是联系在一起，无论是面对面，还是通过手机屏幕和在线社交网络。)”可知，如今我们几乎总是联系在一起，无论是面对面还是通过手机屏幕和社交网络；由此可推知，如今的人们更倾向于社交。故选B项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“IfyouliveorhavespenttimeintheUnitedStates,you’reprobablyawarethatAmericanstendtorejectsolitude.Formanyyoungerpeople,weekendsarepackedwithsocialactivities,rangingfrombrunchwithfriendstodinnerpartiestogamenightstodrinkingatbarsandeverythinginbetween.(如果你住在美国或曾在美国生活过一段时间，你可能会意识到美国人倾向于拒绝独处。对许多年轻人来说，周末充满了社交活动，从和朋友吃早午餐到晚宴，从游戏之夜到酒吧喝酒，以及介于这两者之间的一切。)”可知，美国的年轻人周末充满了社交活动。由此可推知，美国的年轻人都比较好社交。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Chinaisalsoquitefondofmultiple-personhouseholds,withonlyabout10percentofpeoplelivingbythemselves.Inmorecollectivistcultureslikethese,manyaspectsoflifearerelatedtoaroundcommunity.(中国也很喜欢多口之家，只有大约10%的人独自生活。在这些更集体主义的文化中，生活的许多方面都与周围的社区有关。)”可知，大多数中国人更喜欢住在一起的原因是中国这种集体主义文化。故选A项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段首句“Aroundtheglobe,differentcultureshavewide-rangingperspectivesonwhatitmeanstospendtimealone.(在世界各地，不同的文化对独处的意义有着不同的看法。)”可知不同的文化对独处有着不同的看法；文章第二、三、四段分别谈到了美国、英国、印度和中国等国家的人对独处的看法。由此可知，本文主要谈到了不同国家对独处的看法。D项“ThePerspectivesonSolitude(对独处的看法)”最能概括本文内容。故选D项。第二节：根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Procrastination(拖延)makespeopleliveunderconstantstress.Makingchangeswillleadtopositiveresults,likerelievingstressandincreasingthequalityofwork,familytimeandjoy.Buthowto?___16___◆Acknowledgetheneedtochange.Ifyou’reamasterprocrastinator,stopmakingexcusesandacknowledgethereasonswhyprocrastinationisbad.___17___◆IdentifyandunderstandyourfeelingsYoumayfeelfearfulaboutthesizeofatask,proudofyourproductivity,andanxiousaboutyourtime.___18___However,couldyoubreakahugeprojectupintomanageabletasks?Youmightneedtosay“no”moreoftentogivethepropertimeandattentiontothemoreimportantthings.Youcanalsosetatimelimitonyourbreak,maybe15to20minutes.◆___19___Ifyoufindyourselfwithsomefreetimeandyouneedtoconvinceyourselftostartworkingonadifficulttask,followthefive-minuterule.Forceyourselftoworkonataskforjustfiveminutes,withtheunderstandingthatyoucanquitafterfiveminutesifyoulike.Thissimplementaltrickisusuallyjusttogetyoustarted.Anditwilloftenturnintomuchmorethanfiveminutes.◆Workonstuffearlier.___20___Butremember:Justbecauseyoustartworkingonsomethingdoesn’tmeanyouhavetofinish.Bystarting,yougetthejuicesflowing,allowingyoutogetmoredonethanyouanticipated.Additionally,youincreasethequalityofyourworkbecauseeverytimeyoureviseyourthing,itgetsbetter.So,remember:Fightingprocrastinationisalife-longbattle,butit’sawinnableone.A.Usethefive-minuterule.B.Theseemotionsarequitenatural.C.Youmightthinkofthepossibleresults.D.Herearesomewaystobeatprocrastination.E.Payspecialattentiontothequalityofyourwork.F.Otherwise,youwon’tbeconvincedthere’saneedtochange.G.Formasterprocrastinators,theideaofworkingtooearlyonataskisstupid.【答案】16.D17.F18.B19.A20.G【导语】本文是一篇议论文。拖延症使人们生活在持续的压力之下，文章主要介绍了如何打败拖延症的方法。【16题详解】上文“Procrastination(拖延)makespeopleliveunderconstantstress.Makingchangeswillleadtopositiveresults,likerelievingstressandincreasingthequalityofwork,familytimeandjoy.Buthowto?(拖延症使人们生活在持续的压力之下。做出改变会带来积极的结果，比如减轻压力、提高工作质量、家庭时间和快乐。但是怎么做呢？)”提到了拖延症使人们生活在持续的压力之下，做出改变会带来积极的结果，并提出“该怎么做”这一问题；下文直接列出几项打败拖延症的方法。由此可知，设空处需填一个过渡句，承上启下。D项“Herearesomewaystobeatprocrastination.(这里有一些击败拖延症的方法)”与上下文对应。故选D项。【17题详解】根据小标题“Acknowledgetheneedtochange.(承认改变的必要)”可知，本段主题与改变相关；上文“Ifyou’reamasterprocrastinator,stopmakingexcusesandacknowledgethereasonswhyprocrastinationisbad.(如果你是一个拖延大师，停止找借口，承认拖延不好的原因)”提到了停止找借口，承认拖延是不好的；选项中只有F项“Otherwise,youwon’tbeconvincedthere’saneedtochange.(否则，你不会相信有改变的必要)”与“改变”这一主题相关，且与上文对应。故选F项。【18题详解】根据小标题“Identifyandunderstandyourfeelings.(认识并理解你的感受)”可知，本段主题与感受和情绪相关；上文“Youmayfeelfearfulaboutthesizeofatask,proudofyourproductivity,andanxiousaboutyourtime.(你可能会对任务的规模感到害怕，为自己的效率感到骄傲，为自己的时间感到焦虑)”提到了害怕、骄傲、和焦虑等情绪；下文“However,couldyoubreakahugeprojectupintomanageabletasks?(然而，你能把一个庞大的项目分解成可管理的任务吗？)”则转而提到把庞大的项目分解成可管理的小任务。B项“Theseemotionsarequitenatural.(这些情绪是很自然的)”中的theseemotions恰好指代上文的fearful、proud、anxious等情绪。故选B项。【19题详解】设空处为本段的小标题，需能概括本段主旨；下文“Ifyoufindyourselfwithsomefreetimeandyouneedtoconvinceyourselftostartworkingonadifficulttask,followthefive-minuterule.(如果你发现自己有一些空闲时间，你需要说服自己开始做一个困难的任务，遵循五分钟规则)”提到了如果要说服自己开始做一个困难的任务，遵循五分钟规则。由此可知，本段主要与五分钟规则相关。A项“Usethefive-minuterule.(使用五分钟规则)”能概括本段主旨。故选A项。【20题详解】根据小标题“Workonstuffearlier.(早点做事)”可知，本段主要与workearlier相关；下文“Butremember:Justbecauseyoustartworkingonsomethingdoesn’tmeanyouhavetofinish.(但请记住：你开始做某件事并不意味着你必须完成)”转而提到早点开始做某件事并不意味着必须完成。G项“Formasterprocrastinators,theideaofworkingtooearlyonataskisstupid.(对于拖延症大师来说，过早开始工作想法是愚蠢的)”既符合workearly的主题，也下文对应。故选G项。第三部分：语言运用第一节：阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Yearsago,aneighbourkidkickedafootballandbrokeasmall___21___ofourhouse.Wewereafamilylivingonasmall___22___atthetime,soIboardeditup,thinkingI’dgettoitsomeday.Overtheyears,I’dsometimesasksomeadvicefromwindowcompanies.Theplanwastoupgradetoenergy-efficientwindowsforthewholehouse,an___23___process—$15,000.Itwassimplyoutof___24___andIturneditdownagain.___25___thethoughtofthatwindowateatmeforyears.EverytimeIwentdownthere,itkept___26___me.IknewIneededtodealwithit,butIhadbuiltupthe___27___somuchinmymindthatIputitoffagainandagain.Thenmywifehadajob___28___,andweneededtomove.A___29___buyercouldn’tgetaloanonthehouseiftherewasa___30___window.SoIpulledofftheboardstofacethisthing.Ithadalreadybeenforatleast5years.Iusedsomerustremover(除锈剂),sprayedallaroundtherustedframe,andgaveita___31___pull.Tomy___32___,iteasilymoved.Ipulledthewindowoutandtookitdowntown.Itwasa12fix.Icouldhavefixedtheproblemfor12the___33___daywhenithappened.ButIletitworrymeforyears.___34___,thisisn’tjustaboutmywindow.Manyofustendtolivewithbrokenwindowsofonetypeoranotherforyears.Wesuffermorein___35___thaninreality.Stepforward,andyou’llfindasolution.21.A.roof B.window C.door D.curtain22.A.salary B.fame C.passion D.chance23.A.accessible B.official C.expensive D.energetic24.A.order B.balance C.breath D.reach25.A.Therefore B.Besides C.However D.Instead26.A.replying B.troubling C.driving D.reporting27.A.difficulty B.confidence C.joy D.harm28.A.change B.interest C.habit D.journey29.A.polite B.weak C.weird D.potential30.A.defeated B.fitted C.broken D.cured31.A.lazy B.strong C.familiar D.strange32.A.disappointment B.embarrassment C.astonishment D.encouragement33.A.same B.different C.early D.new34.A.Frequently B.Actually C.Consequently D.Unexpectedly35.A.experiment B.discussion C.reaction D.imagination【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.C26.B27.A28.A29.D30.C31.B32.C33.A34.B35.D【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述了作者家的窗户被打破后，他没有及时修理，被这个问题困扰了多年。多年后却发现原来只需要12美元就可以解决这个问题，借此告诉人们遭遇困难和麻烦时，与其被想象中的困难打倒，不妨试试实践起来，或许就能得到一个解决办法。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：几年前，一个邻居家的小孩踢球打坏了我家的一扇小窗户。A.roof房顶；B.window窗户；C.door门；D.curtain窗帘。根据后文中的“Overtheyears,I’dsometimesasksomeadvicefromwindowcompanies.”可知，此处被打破的是“窗户”。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们全家都依靠一份微薄的工资生活。A.salary薪资；B.fame名誉；C.passion热情；D.chance机会。根据该句以及后文“SoIpulledofftheboards.”可知作者家当时依靠一份微薄的“工资”生活，窗户被打破后，作者只好先用木板将其封住。故选A项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该计划是为整个房子升级为节能窗户，这是一个昂贵的过程，花费15000美元。A.accessible可接近的；B.official官方的；C.expensive昂贵的；D.energetic精力充沛的。根据“Theplanwastoupgradetoenergy-efficientwindowsforthewholehouse...$15,000.”可知，该公司提供的方案是将全屋的窗户升级为节能窗户，这对于作者来说是“昂贵的”。故选C项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这简直是遥不可及，我又拒绝了。A.order顺序；B.balance平衡；C.breath呼吸；D.reach波及范围。根据前文“an3process—$15,000.”可知，作者由于经济原因用木板封住窗户，所以15,000美元的花费对于作者来说“遥不可及”，outofreach表“遥不可及”，符合句意。故选D项。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，多年来，一想到那扇窗户，我就心烦意乱。A.Therefore因此；B.Besides而且；C.However然而；D.Instead反而。由后文“ateatmeforyears”可知，作者因为价格拒绝了窗户修理的方案，“然而”却被窗户的问题困扰多年。这两件事存在逻辑上的转折关系。故选C项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次我去那里，它总是困扰着我。A.replying回应；B.troubling困扰；C.driving驱使；D.reporting报道。根据前文“thethoughtofthatwindowateatmeforyears”可知，窗户问题一直“困扰着”作者。故选B项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道我需要解决它，但我已经在脑海中建立了这么多的困难，以至于我一次又一次地拖延。A.difficulty困难；B.confidence自信；C.confusion困惑；D.harm伤害。根据下文“Iputitoffagainandagain”可知，作者在脑海里觉得“困难”重重，因此一直没有修。故选A项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，我的妻子换了工作，我们需要搬家。A.change改变；B.interest兴趣；C.habit习惯；D.journey旅行。由后文“weneededtomove”可知，作者妻子应是“换了”工作，所以才需要搬家。故选A项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个潜在买家说他不愿意为一个有坏窗户的房屋去申请贷款。A.polite礼貌的；B.weak虚弱的；C.weird奇怪的；D.potential潜在的。由后文“couldn’tgetaloanonthehouse”可知，这买家还需要贷款才买，所以还没有买，是一个“潜在的”买家。故选D项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个潜在买家说他没法为一个有坏窗户的房屋去申请贷款。A.defeated失败的；B.fitted合适的；C.broken破碎的；D.cured治愈的。根据后文“Ipulledofftheboardstofacethisthing”可知，作者家的窗户仍然是“坏着的”。故选C项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我拿起一些除锈剂，涂在窗户己生锈的框架上，用力一拉。A.lazy懒惰的；B.s