湖南省岳阳市2023年高三《英语》上学期开学检测与参考答案

湖南省岳阳市2023年高三《英语》上学期开学检测与参考答案第一部分：听力第一节：共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Wherewillthemandrive?A.OnSpruceStreet.B.OnBroadway.C.OnFirstAvenue.2.Whatwillthewomanbringtheman?A.Orangejuiceandbacon.B.Coffee,eggs,andbacon.C.Teaandeggs.3.Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrowafternoon?A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.Cloudy.4.Whydoesthewomanaskforanotherpairofpants?A.Sheneedsadifferentsize.B.Thepantsaredamaged.C.Shewantstobuytwopairs.5.Whatdoesthemandecidetodonext?A.Continuewatchingthemovie.B.Watchadifferentmovie.C.Gotothecafé.第二节：共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分。6.WhatGradePointAverage(GPA)doesthemanhave?A.A4.0.B.A3.3.C.A2.4.7.Whatdoesthewomansuggestaboutherstudyhabits?A.Theyhelpedhergetintomedicalschool.B.Shewastoobusywithfriendstostudy.C.Sheregretsnotgoingoutmore.8.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Thewoman.B.Theman’sfriend.C.Thewomanandherfriend.9.WhatistrueaboutDorothy?A.Sheisgoodattellingstories.B.SheisfromNewYork.C.Shemetthewomanattheageofsixteen.10.Whathappenedtothewoman?A.Hercarwouldn’tstart.B.Shegotintoacaraccident.C.Shesetheralarmclockforthewrongtime.11.Whatistheman’sreactiontothewoman’sexplanation?A.He’squiteangry.B.He’salittleannoyed.C.He’sveryunderstanding.12.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Dealwithsomefiles.B.Meetwithaclient.C.Scheduleaphonecall.13.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Motherandson.C.Shopkeeperandcustomer.14.Whenwillthemanwalkhisdog?A.Inafewhours.B.Inafewdays.C.Inafewmonths.15.Whatisthedog’sname?A.Spike.B.Bozo.C.Bingo.16.Whydoesthewomanaskthemansomanyquestions?A.Shethinkshe’stooyoungforadog.B.Shedoesn’tthinkhe’sresponsibleenough.C.Shedoubtswhetherhecanaffordadog.17.Whichstudentisturningfourteen?A.MarissaMiller.B.GabrielSunday.C.ThomasScott.18.WhymightpeoplegotoRoom203?A.Tosupportthecommunity.B.Tomeetsomenewpeople.C.Toeatsomespaghetti.19.WhatisMr.Smith’sclassdoingthisweek?A.Havingabakesale.B.Showingtheirscienceprojects.C.Donatingmoneytochildreninneed.20.Whatmusteighthgradersdo?A.Buydancetickets.B.GettoschoolearlyonThursday.C.Havetheirparentssignaform.第二部分：阅读第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASometimesittakesaworkofarttogivetheinspirationforadvancesinscience.Forexample,ElonMusk’sdreamofhumanslivingonotherplanetswasfirstinspiredbyIsaacAsimov’sFoundationbookseries.AmazonCEOJeffBezos,amassivefanoftheStarTrektelevisionseries,foundedhisveryownspacecompanyBlueOrigin.Let’sexploresomeofthetechnologiesfromsciencefictionthathavebeenbroughttolife.RemotecontrolFrankHerbert’s1965novelDunefeaturesasmallflyingrobotdevicethatispilotedremotely,oneoftheearliestappearancesofdronesinsciencefiction.WiththefirstpermitforcommercialdroneuseintheUSgivenin2006,dronesbecameareality,andcannowbefoundtakingonmultiplerolesinphotography,farmingandmilitary.FromthinairThetelevisionshowStarTrek,firstappearingonscreensin1966,inspiredscience.Oneofthemostunexpectedexamplesmaybethe3Dprinter.Intheprogram,adevicecancreateanyobjectdesiredwithinamatterofseconds.ResearchersattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,US,developeda3Dprinterin2019thatshapesobjectsusingraysoflight.Thedeviceuseslighttoalterthedensityofresin(树脂),changingthematerialfromaliquidtoasolidinordertoshapethedesiredobject.StartingtheheartOneofthefirstsci-finovels,FrankensteinbyMaryShelleyhashadahugeimpactonscience.EarlBakken,theinventorofthepacemaker(起搏器),adeviceplacedintothechestthathelpsthehearttopumpbloodusingsmallelectricalimpulses,wasinspiredbythe1931movieadaptationofthebook.“Whatimpressedmethemost...wasthecreativesparkofDrFrankenstein’selectricity,”BakkentoldtheAtlantic.Defibrillators(除颤仪),whichrestarttheheartwithanelectricalcurrentafteracardiacarrest(心脏停搏),alsoresembletheelectricshockthatgavethemonsterlife.1.Whoseworkinspiredscience?A.ElonMusk’s. B.JeffBezos’. C.FrankHerbert’s. D.EarlBakken’s.2.Whichofthefollowingcancreatenewthingsfrom“nowhere”?A.Drones. B.3Dprinter. C.Pacemakers. D.Defibrillators.3.Whichcanbesummarizedfromthepassage?A.Sciencefictionthinksbig. B.TechnologyfliesoutofourimaginationC.Imaginationleadstoadvancedcivilization. D.Scientificdevelopmentreliesontechnology.答案：1.C2.B3.BBSeventeenyoungturtlesraisedfromeggssavedfromthesmashedbodiesofmotherskilledonroadsgottheirreleasebackintothewildbyaclassofkindergartners.Itwaspartofaprogramthathassavedthousandsofturtlesandreturnedthemtothewildoverthepast25years.Theturtleswereeitherraisedfromtheeggsoftheirdeadmothersorwerethemselvesrescuedfromroads,stormdrainsorotherdangerousplacesovertheyears.“It’sagreatcommunityconnection,”saidLisaFerguson,directorofresearchandconservationattheWetlandsInstitute,whichrunstheprogramalongwithStocktonUniversityandStoneHarborschools.“Itshowshowconservationworks,andthateveryonehasaparttoplay,fromadultsdowntokindergartenstudents.”Theturtlereleasetookplaceduringegg-layingseason,whenturtlescomeupoutofthewetlandsontodrylandtolayeggs,thusexposingthemselvesnotonlytonaturalpredators,butalsotothefarmoredeadlythreatofmotorvehicles.Asidefromcaringforinjuredliveturtles,theWetlandsInstituteharvestseggsfromfemaleskilledontheroadandincubates(孵化)themat30degreesCelsius(86degreesFahrenheit),atemperaturethatwillensuretheydevelopasfemales(eggtemperaturedeterminesthesexoftheseturtles,Fergusonsaid).Whentheyhavegrownenoughintheirfirstyear,theyarereadyforreleaseintothewetlandssurroundingtheinstitute.That’swherethekidscomein.KindergartnersfromStoneHarborschoolsgettoknowtheturtlesastheygrow.Theygivethemnames,drawpostersofthem,andevenbakeandsellcookiestoraisemoneyforturtleconservation.Whenitwastimetosetthemfree,someeagerlygraspedtheturtlesfrombehind;othersweremorequiettogetupcloseandpersonalwithsquirmingturtlesandsquishymud,buteachstudentseemedexcitedtoseetheturtlespaddleawayintotheshallowwater.4.Whydidtheturtlesneedrescuing?A.Becausetheireggscouldn’tdevelopasfemales.B.Becausetheycouldn’twalkacrosstheroad.C.Becausetheylosttheirmothertothesea.D.Becausetheirhabitatwasthreatened.5.WhatdidLisaFergusonthinkoftheprogram?A.Professional. B.Natural. C.Educational. D.Optional.6.Whatdidkidsdofortheprogram?A.Theylearnttobefriendturtles. B.Theyprovidedturtleswithfood.C.Theysavedtheturtlesfromroadkills. D.Theycaredfortheinjuredliveturtles.7.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Goonfightingforthem B.Workharder,worrylessC.Helpthem,happytogether D.Savethemtosaveourselves答案：4.D5.C6.A7.CCInEnglishit’scommontosay“Iknowthistownlikethebackofmyhand!”Whilewemayknowourtownsreallywell,howwelldoweactuallyknowourhands?Maybenotquiteaswellaswethink,saidascientificstudy.MatthewLongoandhisteamfromUniversityCollegeLondonstudiedthelefthandsof100people.Withtheirhandsplacedpalmsdownunderaboard,Longo’steamgavetheinstructiontopointtotheirknucklesandfingertipswithamarker.Howdidtheydo?Notthatwell.“Peoplethinktheirhandiswiderthanitactuallyis,”saidLongo.Hesaidtheyalsoseemedtothinktheirfingerswereshorterthantheirtruelengths.Peopleweremostaccuratewhenfindingtheirthumbs,butbecamelessaccuratewitheachfinger,uptotheirlittlefingers.“Itisconnectedtooursenseofposition,”explainedLongo.Humansknowwheredifferentpartsofourbodiesare,evenifwecan’tseethem.“Ittellsuswhetherajointisstraightornot,”saidLongo.“Wealsoneedtoknowthedistancesbetweenourjoints,”hewenton.Ourbrainsknowthesizesandshapesofourbodiesfromthemapstheymakeforthemselves.“Thisexperimenttriedtofindthosemaps,”hesaid.Maybemapsdon’tneedtobeperfect.Butwhyaren’tourbrainsmoreaccurate?Longosaidourbrains“see”areasbasedonoursenseoftouch,withthestrongerthesenseoftouchinaspecificbodypart,thebiggerthatbodypartseems.Anexampleisourlips.Astheyhavemorenervesthanournoses,ourbrain’smapshowsourlipsarebigger.Thesamethingcanhappenwithbodypartsthathavealotofnerves.Ifyou’veeverhadsomethingstuckinyourteeth,itprobablyfelthuge!That’sbecauseourtonguesalsohavelotsofnerves.Ifyouwanttohavesomefun,trythistestwithyourclassmates.Getsomeboardsandsomemarkersandhavethemmarkthespotswheretheythinktheirknucklesandfingertipsare.Comparetheirhandstothemarkerspotsandseehowwelltheyhaveperformed.8.WhyisthesayingmentionedinPara.1?A.Totestreaders. B.Toserveasatopic. C.Toproveascientificstudy. D.Toattractreaders’interest.9.Whatcanbeinferredfrompeoplefindingtheirthumbsmoreaccurately?A.Thumbsarebigger. B.Thumbsaremuchstronger.C.Thumbsmayhavemorenerves. D.Thumbsmayhavestrongsenseofposition.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inPara.4referto?A.Sizes. B.Brains. C.Shapes. D.Maps.11.Whatisthepurposeoftheexperiment?A.Tofindthemapsinhumanbrains. B.Todrawthemapsinhumanbrains.C.Tofigureouthowdifferentsensescooperate. D.Tohelppeoplelocatetheirbodypartsaccurately.答案：8.D9.C10.B11.ADThe“MonaLisa”maymaintainherfamouslymysterioussmilebecauseshebenefitsfromoneofParis’best-keptsecrets:Anundergroundcoolingsystemthat’shelpedtheLouvreMuseumcopewiththeunbearableheatthathasbrokentemperaturerecordsacrossEurope.Withadepthofupto98feetand55milesofpipes,thelittle-known“urbancold”networksnakesunknowingbeneathParisians’feet,whichuseselectricitygeneratedbyrenewablesources,isthelargestinEuropeandrunsaroundtheclockwithadeafeningnoisetotallyinaudibleaboveground.ParisCityHallhasnowsignedanambitiouscontracttotriplethesizeofthenetworkby2042to157miles.Itwouldmakeitthelargesturbancoolingsystemintheworld.Threeofthe10high-techcoolingsiteslieontheSeineriver.WhentheSeine’swateriscoldenough,amachinecapturesitandusesittocoolthesystem’swater.TheheatcreatedasabyproductissentbackintotheSeinewhereitisabsorbed.Thechilledwateristhenpumpedthroughthesystem’spipestoits730Parisianclients.Paris’coolingsitesalluserenewableenergysourcessuchaswindturbinesandsolarpanels.FrenchofficialsseethisenergyindependenceasparticularlyimportantgiventhethreatofRussiacuttingoffenergysuppliestoEurope.Themeritsofusingacoolingsystemwhichusesrenewableenergytooperatearealreadybeingfeltbysitesthatusethem.Theworld’smostvisitedmuseum,theLouvre,hasbenefitedfromthenetworksincethe1990s.“Itallowsustobenefitfromenergywithalowercarbonfootprintavailableallyearround,”saidLaurentLeGuedart,theLouvre’sHeritageDirector.“TheparticularityoftheLouvreMuseumisthatitneedstouseiced-coldwatertocorrectlyconservetheartworkandtocontrolthehumidity.”LeGuedartsaidthatthesystemisamoney-savergiventherisingcostofenergylinkedtotheUkraineconflict.ItoperatesnotablyintheStateRoomofthePavillonDenonwherethe“MonaLisa”lives.Perhapsit’swhybeadsofsweathavenevertrickleddownthebrowpaintedbyLeonardodaVinci.12.WhichisTRUEabouttheundergroundcoolingsysteminParis?A.Itistoodeeptobeheard. B.Itisthelargestoneintheworld.C.Ituseselectricityforfreetocoolair. D.ItmakesParisthecoolestinEurope.13.Howdoesthesystemwork?A.Bycapturingandabsorbingheatfromitsclients.B.BypumpingthewaterfromtheSeinetoitsclients.C.BychangingthewaterinthesystemforthatintheSeine.D.BypumpingthewatercooledbytheSeinethroughthesystem.14.WhatbenefitdoestheLouvreMuseumgetfromthesystem?A.AttractingmorepeopletoseeMonaLisa. B.Protectingitsartworkfromheatandhumidity.C.GettingridofthethreatoftheUkraineconflict. D.Reducingcarbonfootprintwithlessmoneythanbefore.15.Whichofthefollowingquestionscanbeansweredbythispassage?A.WhywassmilingMonaLisapainted? B.WhydoesPariskeepthesystemasecret?C.Howmanymoresiteswillthesystemhave? D.Whatwillthesystembelikeintwodecades?答案：12.A13.D14.B15.D第二节：阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Yourhousemayhaveaneffectonyourfigure.Expertssaythewayyoudesignyourhomecouldplayaroleinwhetheryoupackonthepoundsorkeepthemoff.____16____Herearesomewaystoturnyourhomeintopartofyourdietplan.____17____Darkenvironmentsaremorelikelytoencourageovereating,forpeopleareoftenlessself-consciouswhenthey’reinpoorlylitplaces—andsomorelikelytoeatlotsoffood.Ifyourhomedoesn’thaveenoughwindowlight,getmorelampsandfloodtheplacewithbrightness.Mindthecolors.____18____Inonestudy,peoplewhoatemealsinablueroomconsumed33percentlessthanthoseinayelloworredroom.Warmcolorslikeyellowmakefoodappearmoreappetizing,whilecoldcolorsmakeusfeellesshungry.Sowhenit’stimetorepaint,goblue.____19____Peoplewhoeatslowlytendtoconsumeabout70fewercaloriespermealthanthosewhorushthroughtheirmeals.Beginkeepingtrackofthetime,andtrytomakedinnerlastatleast30minutes.Andwhileyou’reatit,actuallysitdowntoeat.Ifyouneedsomehelpslowingdown,turnonrelaxingmusic.Itmakesyoulesslikelytorushthroughameal.Downsizethedishes.____20____Weeatabout22percentmorewhenusinga12-inchplateinsteadofa10-inchplate.Whenwechoosealargespoonoverasmallerone,totalintakejumpsby14percent.Andwe’llpourabout30percentmoreliquidintoashort,wideglassthanatail,skinnyglass.A.Slowdownwhilecooking.B.Don’tforgettheclockortheradio.C.Openthecurtainsandturnupthelights.D.Researchsuggestswarmcolorsfuelourappetites.E.Bigservingbowlsandplatescaneasilymakeusfat.F.Theydependonhowmuchtimeyouspenddesigning.G.Youcanmakeyourenvironmentworkforyouinsteadofagainstyou.答案：16.G17.C18.D19.B20.E第三部分：语言运用第一节：阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Aboutayearago,mydepartmentinvitedmetosubmita5-minutevideoclipaboutmyresearchlaboratorytobescreenedatasecondary-schoolsummercamp.Withmany____21____undermybeltafterfiveyearsasamaininvestigator,Iwasquite____22____aboutgettingthis____23____.Threesecondsinto____24____myselfonmyphoneinmyoffice,IrealizedthatIhadbeentoo____25____.Ihadtopress‘Pause’____26____Icouldn’thelplookingaroundtheroom.Andwhilewatchingmyselfoncamera,Icouldn’tobtaintheexcitementIbroughttotheclassroom—allmy____27____trainedteachingmethoddidn’tworkwellforavideoclip.Admittingthatmyactingcareerhad____28____awall,Idecidedto____29____toadirectingroleandaskedmygraduatestudentstohelpmetofilmandpresentthevideo.The5-minuteclip____30____taking2hourstofinish,butitwassowellreceivedbytheaudiencethatit____31____metocreateanaccountonBilibili,oneoftheleadingvideo-sharingwebsitesinChina.Igotmylabto____32____makingshortfilmsinChineseonthemaintopicsofour____33____,whichincludedigitalfabricationinarchitectureandadaptivestructuresthatcanrespondtostimuli.InthenineorsomonthssinceIcreatedthat____34____,ourlabvideoshaveattractedmorethan20,000subscribersandreceivednearly3million____35____,mainlyinChina.21.A.students B.experiences C.cameras D.comments22.A.curious B.nervous C.confident D.cautious23.A.cut B.posted C.passed D.done24.A.filming B.watching C.reminding D.calling25.A.anxious B.optimistic C.active D.hard26.A.unless B.though C.because D.until27.A.badly B.newly C.easily D.finely28.A.hit B.covered C.destroyed D.built29.A.turn B.react C.take D.switch30.A.setabout B.endedup C.putoff D.wenton31.A.invited B.taught C.motivated D.required32.A.enjoy B.admit C.miss D.continue33.A.research B.video C.school D.team34.A.website B.account C.architecture D.classroom35.A.gifts B.fans C.views D.prizes答案：21.B22.C23.D24.A25.B26.C27.D28.A29.D30.B31.C32.D33.A34.B35.C第二节阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AfterthreedaysinHangzhou,we____36____(wind)ourwayuparoadthatlookedlikeablacksnakealongthetightcurvesaroundMoGanMountain.Thetreesandbusheswavedinthemildbreezes____37____,beforethefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina,madeMoCanMountainafavoriteplaceoften____38____(visit)bywealthyforeigncolonialists____39____(seek)ashortescapefromtheheatedplainsbelow.Giantbambooblanketedthemountainsso____40____(thick)thattheyresembledgreenfeathers,wavinginthewind.____41____whentheroadledusbeneaththe____42____(tower)bambootheybecamegreatcathedrals—anendlesslivingtunnelopeningintoanalmostunusuallight.Asweinchedaroundcurves,thebamboocoversometimesgaveway____43____amagnificentviewofSwiss-lookingvillages,theirwoodenshingled(盖木瓦的)homeswithcarvedwoodenbalconiesnestledinalpinevalleysfarbelow.I____44____(spend)asummeronMoGanFountainhappilybutwewerealreadybehindschedule,andaftertoobrief____45____staywepushedontotheGreatDitch.答案：36.wound37.that/which38.visited39.seeking/toseek40.thickly41.But42.towering43.to44.couldhavespent45.a第四部分：写作第一节46.假如你是李华。想报考英语专业，但你对自己的英语口语缺乏信心，请你写封求助信，向在线辅导英语口语的外籍教师Anna寻求帮助。内容包括：1.介绍自己的情况；2.表达自己的需求；注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearMissAnna,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua答案：DearMissAnnaDelightedtolearnthatyouhelpstudentswithoralEnglish,Iamwritingtoaskyouforhelp.WhenfirstexposedtoEnglish,Ifounditfascinatingandbeautiful.SincethenI’veacquiredabasicknowledgeofgrammaticalusageandsomewritingskills.However,whattroublesmemostismypoororalEnglish.IneveryEnglishclass,IrackmybrainforwordstoexpressmyselfappropriatelybutInvain.I’mconsideringchoosingEnglishasmymajorinuniversitysofluencyinoralEnglishisofgreatsignificancetomyfuturelearning.IwouldappreciateitifyoucouldgivemesomepracticaladvicetoimprovemyoralEnglishandI’mlookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours,LiHua第二节47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ItwasthefirstweekofMia'smiddleschool.Thebell'sringingbroughtheroutofherdaydreaming.Shenervouslygatheredherbooks,preparingtoreachanotherclassroomforthenextnewclass.Miafollowedtheotherkidsandrushedintothehallway.Otherswalkedingroups,chatted,andlaughed,usingthebreaktosocialize.Mia,instead,walkedalonealongthewallofthehallway,withherheaddown.Shewasashygirl,afraidtospeakinfrontofotherkids,anddidn'tthinkotherswouldlikeher.MiafinallysatinMr.Johnson'sLanguageArtsclassnervously.“WelcometoLanguageArts,”saidMr.Johnson.HetoldjokesashetalkedaboutEnglish.Miaforgottodaydreamandlaughedalongwiththerestoftheclass.“We'llhavesomefunwithlanguage,”hesaid.“Justwaitandsee.”FunwasfarbeyondwhatMiadesired.Shejustwantedtobelikeotherkids—runningwithfriendsinthehallway,laughingandjokingbetweenclasses.Remindedofherpimply（长粉刺的）face,shefelthopelessanddisappointed.“Takeoutapieceofpaper,”theteachercontinued,whenpointingatwordsontheblackboard.“Writeforthenextthirtyminutesonthistopic.”Miabeganwritingcrazilyasideaafterideafoughtforrecognitioninherhead.Thefinalresultwasashortstoryaboutabeautifulbeachhouse.Asshewrote,shecouldsmellthesaltyair,hearthecrashingwavesandfeelthepullofthe