福建省三明市2023年高三《英语》上学期期末试题与参考答案

福建省三明市2023年高三《英语》上学期期末试题与参考答案第一部分：听力做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatwouldthemanprobablyprefertodrink?A.Water.B.Coke.C.Coffee.【答案】B【原文】W:Welcome,James.Letmegetyouadrink—canIgetyousomecoffeeorwater?M:Ijustquitdrinkingcoffee.Doyouhaveanythingsweet,though?W:Ofcourse.Iwasgoingtomakemyselfsomecoffee,butI’llgrabCokesforbothofus,instead.2.Howdoesthewomanlearnbest?A.Throughpictures.B.Throughwriting.C.Throughlistening.【答案】C【原文】M:I’mstrugglingwithmystudythesedays.IusuallylookatimagesandIcanrememberthem,butI’mnottakinganythingin.W:Iabsorbinformationbestbylisteningtoit,soIrecordmyselfreadingmynotesandthenlistentoitatnight.3.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Brotherandsister.B.Husbandandwife.C.Co-workers.【答案】A【原文】W:Thanksfordrivingmetomyhouse,Steve.How’sDianedoing?M:She’sjuststayinghomewiththekidsuntiltheygotopre-school.HaveyoutalkedtoMom?W:Yeah,Iheardshe’sbecomeabitill.I’mgoingtocheckuponherlater.4.Howdoesthemanprobablyfeelabouttherestaurant?A.Thefoodisofbadquality.B.Itdoesn’thavegoodservice.C.Itslocationistoofarfromhishouse.【答案】B【原文】M:ThisisthelasttimeI’mcomingtothisrestaurant.W:Itissaidthattheirsteaksaresomeofthebestintown.Whathappened?M:They’reexcellentbutalwaysover-cooked.AndIcan’tgetanywaiter’sattentionaroundhere,either.W:It’salright.Let’senjoyit,anyway.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Whenthemanwillmovehouse.B.WhatkindofflatCathywants.C.Whythemanmovedhouse.【答案】A【原文】W:Haven’tyoumovedout?Ithoughtyoumovedlastmonth.M:CathyandIintendedtomove,butshewasn’tsatisfiedwithanyoftheflatsshelookedat.ButshejustfoundanewapartmentontheInternettheotherdayandwewanttomovethisweekend.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Wheredidthemanstayduringhistrip?A.Athisgrandparents‘house.B.Inahotel.C.Athisfriend’shouse.7.Whatwasprobablythewoman’sfavoriteplaceinBeijing?A.Anaturallake.B.Amountainarea.C.Anurbancenter.【答案】6.C7.B【原文】M:Hey,Lily.Howwasyoursummervacation?W:Fantastic.IjustcamebacktotheUS.Wherehaveyoubeen?M:Youleftthecountry?IjustwentuptoLakeTahoe,asusual.W:Awesome—whatdidyoudothere?IforgottotellyouIwenttovisitmygrandparentsinBeijing.Itwassocool.M:Ijustvisitedafriend’slakehouse.That’samazing—what’sBeijinglike?W:It’ssupermodernandtraditionalatthesametime.Butyouknowme—I’mmoreintonaturalplacesandlandscapes.M:Youescapedtheurbanscenes,then?W:Yeah,wesawanamazingmountainregioninthenorthwestofBeijing,calledYanqing.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whydoesthewomanwanttobuythejacket?A.Togiveitasagift.B.Toreplaceanoldjacket.C.Towearataneventforherwork.9.Whatisprobablythecurrentlocationofthespeakers?A.Amarket.B.Ashoppingmall.C.Adepartmentstore.10.Howmuchwillthewomanprobablypay?A.S10.B.$90.C.$100.【答案】8.C9.A10.B【原文】W:Iknowthisjacketisreallypopular,butsurely$100istoomuch.M:It’softheabsolutehighestquality,miss.Iguaranteethatit’llkeepyouwarmallwinter.W:Actually,it’sjustforaphotoshoot(拍摄).Ionlyneeditforonedayandthenwon’tneeditanymore.M:You’reaphotographer?Youmustmakealotofmoney.Ofcourse,youcanaffordit.W:No,actuallyI’manamateurmodel,andI’monatightbudget.Besides,Idon’teventhinkthisisarealMonclerjacket.M:Itisn’tauthentic,butitisofidenticalquality.Atamall,itwillcostyoutentimesthisprice,andinthismarket,youwon’tfinditforlessthan$100.W:Ifyoucanoffermea$10discount,I’llbuyitnow.M:Deal.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.Whydidthewoman’scomputerprobablybreak?A.Itgotwet.B.Itwastooold.C.Itsufferedhighheat12.Whatisthewoman’smainconcern?A.Recoveringherfiles.B.Fixinghercomputerquickly.CGettinganewcomputercheaply.13.Whatwillthemandoforthewoman?A.Fixhercomputer.B.Recyclehercomputer.C.Recommendadifferentcomputerrepairshop.【答案】11.C12.A13.B【原文】W:I’vehadthislaptopforfiveyears.Therearesomanyvaluablethingssavedonit.M:Didyoubackthemup?It’sagoodideatobackupyourphotosandvideos.W:IneverthoughtIneededto.Howdidthecomputerbreakdown?M:It’shardtosay.Wasitdroppedorexposedtowater?W:Actually,Ileftitoutsideonmybalconybyaccident.M:Isee.Itmusthavebeenrainedon.W:Itwasn’tthat.Butitwasindirectsunlightforhours.M:Inthissummerheat?Itmusthavefriedtheinternalcomponentsandprocessors.W:Ididn’tknowthatwaspossible.CanIsavethephotos,atleast?M:I’mafraidnot.Wecanreplaceitwithanewlaptopmodel,though.W:Ialsoneedthememorysavedonthislaptopforwork.Isitreallydamagedbeyondrepair?M:I’mafraidso,butthereareusefulpartswecanrecycleformoney.Ifso,wecangiveyouadiscountonanewcomputer.W:OK,IguessI’lldothat.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.What’sthegirl’snationality?A.English.B.American.C.French.15.Whatdothegirl’sparentswanthertostudy?A.Acting.B.Business.C.Medicine.16.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Schoolmates.B.Professorandstudent.C.Dormkeeperandstudent.【答案】14.C15.B16.A【原文】W:Excuseme.Canyouhelpme?IamlookingfortheLostandFoundOffice.Couldyoupleasetellmewhereitis?M:Sure.Canyouseethelabbuilding,thefour-storygreyoneoverthere?Doyouseetheofficebehindit?Itisbesideasmallstore.Iguessyouarenewhere,right?W:Yeah.IcametoNewYorkasanexchangestudentthreedaysago.Unluckily,IlostmyIDcardatschool.Actually,I’mFrench,butIgrewupinEngland.You’reanAmerican,Isuppose.M:Yes.Bytheway,mynameisJohnSmith.W:IamAliceGreen.Pleasedtomeetyou.So,what’syourmajor?M:I’mstudyingmedicinenow.What’syours?W:I’mnotsureyet.I’mkindofinterestedinacting,butmyparentsthinkIshoulddobusiness.M:Isee.Sodoyouliveinthedorm?W:No.Irentaone-bedroomapartmentaboutfiveblocksfromhere.Well,Ihavetogo.Thanksforyourhelp.Maybewe’llrunintoeachotheragainsometime.M:Maybe.It’saprettysmallcollege.Seeyoulater.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.HowmanycountriesinAfricaspeakPortuguese?A.Two.B.Three.C.Five.18.WhatfactaboutPortugalisthespeakerprobablymostproudof?A.Ithasitsownnationaltypeofmusic.B.Ithastheoldestbookstoreintheworld.C.ItistheoldestcountryinEurope.19.Whatisthespeaker‘sfavoriteareaofPortugaltovisit?A.Thebeaches.B.Themajorcities.C.Thenorthernforestarea.20.Whenwillthespeakerprobablyreturnhome?A.Afterfinishinguniversity.B.Afterafewyearsofwork.C.Afterhisretirement.【答案】17.C18.A19.C20.B【原文】Hi,mydearfellowworkers.I’velivedinChinafortwoyears,butmostofyouknowthatI’mfromPortugal.TodayisaholidayknownasCarnival,whichisanincrediblecelebrationinmycountry.Thisholidayismostfamousforitsall-nightparties,festivedances,andparadesinBrazil,andthisispartlybecausePortugalandBrazilshareculturalsimilarities.Inthepast,PortugaloccupiedthelandofBrazilandsentovermillionsofpeople.Today,PortugueseisthenationallanguageofBrazil,butthat’snottheonlycountrythatsharesourlanguage.FivecountriesinAfricanativelyspeakPortuguese,aswell.BeingoneoftheoldestcountriesinEurope,ourcitiesfeellikeyou’rewalkingintoatimemachine.Youcanseebeautifulancientarchitectureinourcapital,Lisbon,andyoucanevenfindtheoldestbookstoreintheworld.YoucanalsohearatraditionalPortuguesemusicgenrecalledFado.Ithinkitisoneofthemostamazingthingsaboutmycountryanditsperformanceisreallyworthwatching.Northofthecities,youwillfindyourselfinrollinghillsandforest.Thisis,whatI’dconsider,thebesttraveldestinationinallofEurope.IlovemylifehereinShenzhen,butIdomissmyhomesometimes.It’llbearoundfiveyearsbeforeImovehome,butlet’scelebrateCarnivalinShenzhentoday.Ican’twaittocookyousomePortuguesefoodandteachyouaboutmyculture.第二部分：阅读理解第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFriendshipisn’talwayseasy—butitisalwaysimportant.Thesechildren’sbooksaboutfriendshipfocusonthestrengthwegetfromourfriends,thelaughswesharealongtheway,andtheimportanceofbuildinglifelongbonds.OwenandMzee:AninspiringtruestoryaboutahipponamedOwen,andhisbestfriend—atortoisenamedMzee.Theymetafteraterribleflood,inwhichOwenbecametrapped.AnentireKenyanvillageworkedtorescuehim,andwhenhewasfinallyfreed,theywereimpressedbythefriendshipthatgrewbetweenOwenthehippoandMzeethetortoise.HowtoBeaFriend:Forsome,friendshipcomesnaturally,whileothersneedsomeguidancetolearnthebestwaystofindfriendsandkeepthem.Thispicturebookprovidespracticaladviceondeterminingwhocanbeafriend,andhowtoshowsomeonethatyou’dliketobefriendswiththem.Thecolorful,cartoon-styledrawingshumorouslydealwiththesedifficultsituations.TheLionandtheLittleRedBird:Thebookcentersonalanguagebarrierbetweenalionandhiswould-befriendthebird.Becausetheyareunabletocommunicate,thebirdbecomesfrustratedasittriestofigureoutwhythelion’stailisadifferentcoloreveryday.Eventuallythebirddiscoversthesecret—thelionuseshisluxurioustailasabrushtopaintinhiscave.Friends:PercythePigJohnnyMouseandCharlieRoosterarethemaincharactersinthistaleaboutfriendship.Thethreeinseparablefriendsenjoyafun-filleddaytogether,andwhennightfalls,theylearnanimportantlessonaboutthenecessityforfriendstobeapartattimes.Thistaleissimplycharming,andincludesmanyhiddenlessonsonteamwork,beingthoughtful,andacceptingthatotherpeoplearedifferentfromus.21.WhyisOwenandMzeesoinspiring?A.Itcontainsmanyactualphotos.B.Manyanimalssurvivedtheflood.C.Itgivesusvaluablelessonsonfriendship.D.Twoanimalsofdifferentspeciesformedfriendship.22.What’sspecialaboutHowtoBeaFriend?A.It‘sbasedonatruestory.B.Itprovidesguidanceonmakingfriends.C.Ittalksaboutfriendships.D.Itincludeshiddenlessons.23.Whichbookcanteachchildrenaboutteamwork?A.OwenandMzee.B.HowtoBeaFriend.C.TheLionandtheLittleRedBird.D.Friends.【答案】21.D22.B23.D【详解】1.细节理解题。根据文中第二段“AninspiringtruestoryaboutahipponamedOwen,andhisbestfriend—atortoisenamedMzee.(这是一个鼓舞人心真实故事，讲述了一只叫Owen的河马和他最好的朋友——一只叫Mzee的乌龟。)”可知，《OwenandMzee》这本书讲述了一只名叫Owen的河马和他最好的朋友—一只名叫Mzee的乌龟的故事，可知这本书之所以鼓舞人心是因为两种不同种类的动物建立了友谊，故选D项。2.细节理解题。根据文中第三段“Thispicturebookprovidespracticaladviceondeterminingwhocanbeafriend,andhowtoshowsomeonethatyou’dliketobefriendswiththem.(这本图画书提供了一些实用的建议，以决定谁可以成为一个朋友，以及如何向某人展示你想成为他们的朋友。)”可知，这本绘本提供了确定谁可以成为朋友，以及如何向某人表明你愿意与他们成为朋友的实用建议，因此可知它的特别之处是提供了关于交朋友的指导。故选B项。3.细节理解题。根据文中最后一段“Thistaleissimplycharming,andincludesmanyhiddenlessonsonteamwork,beingthoughtful,andacceptingthatotherpeoplearedifferentfromus.(这个故事很迷人，其中包含了许多关于团队合作、深思熟虑和接受他人与我们不同的隐藏教训。)”可知，《Friends》这本书中的故事包含了许多关于团队合作、深思熟虑和接受他人与我们不同的隐藏教训。故选D项。BAsmountainsgo,1,642-footSquawPeakisn’tquiteimpressive.ButitsinvitingviewsofwesternMassachusettshavemisledhikerstobecomerelaxedamongitssteep,slipperycliffs(悬崖),resultingincountlessinjuriesandevendeaths.HenryGrantaged18,afreshmanatIthacaCollege,respectedSquawPeak’srecord.Becauseofthis,hestayedagoodtenfeetfromtheedge.Hewatched15orsootherhikersenjoyingtheview;onehiker,around60anddressedinpink,waslookingovertheedgeofthecliffwithherhusband.Afterhavingarest,Grantturnedtocontinueontheirway.Suddenly,amanyelledanxiously,“Paula!Paula!”Grantturnedaround.Thewomaninpinkhadfallenoffthesideofthemountain.Severalhikersimmediatelystartedlookingforher.Grantdecidedtolendahand,sohetravelledoffthetrailalone.After15minutesofclimbingoverstonesandpushingthroughthebushes,Grantspottedafigureabout25feetabovehim.Shewastrappedinakneelingpositiononasmallrockyextension.Thewomanhadfallenabout75feet.Amazingly,shewasalive.Grantcalled911.Hewaitedwherehewasforawhile,butshekepttryingtomove,andeverytimeshemoved,sheslippedalittlemore.Afraidthatshemightfallofftheextensiontoherdeath.GrantcrawledonallfoursuntilhereachedPaula.Securinghimselfagainstatree,Grantgentlyputherhandinhisandtriedtokeephermindoffthepainbyaskinghersomequestions:“Whereareyoufrom?Whatdoyoudoforaliving?Doyouhavekids?”About45minuteslater,firstrescuersarrived.Eventually,Paulaandherhusbandwereflownbyhelicoptertoahospital.Paula,whohasfullyrecovered,said,“At18,Henryhasalreadybeeninvolvedinbuildingtherestofmylife.”24.WhatrecorddoesSquawPeakhave?A.Itsheightlooksveryforbidding. B.Itattractsthemosttourists.C.IthastheviewofwesternAmerica. D.Manyhikersdroppedordiedthere.25.WhatmadeGrantworriedaboutPaula?A.Herseriousinjuries. B.Herconstantmovement.C.Herlossofvarioussenses. D.Herresponsetonothing.26.WhydidGrantaskPaulasomequestions?A.Toreduceherfeelingofpain. B.Toremovehersenseoffear.C.Tokeepherawakeallthetime. D.Togetherdetailedinformation.27.WhatdoesPaulawanttoexpressinthelastparagraph?A.Satisfaction. B.Gratitude.C.Curiosity. D.Surprise.【答案】24.D25.B26.A27.B【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了即将成为大一新生的格兰特在攀登SquawPeak时勇敢救助掉下悬崖的陌生人宝拉的故事。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“ButitsinvitingviewsofwesternMassachusettshavemisledhikerstobecomerelaxedamongitssteep,slipperycliffs,resultingincountlessinjuriesandevendeaths.”（但马萨诸塞州西部诱人的景色误导了徒步旅行者，让他们在陡峭滑滑的悬崖中放松下来，导致无数人受伤甚至死亡。）可知，在SquawPeak，有许多徒步旅行者在那里摔倒或死亡。故选D项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Hewaitedwherehewasforawhile,butshekepttryingtomove,andeverytimeshemoved,sheslippedalittlemore.Afraidthatshemightfallofftheextensiontoherdeath.GrantcrawledonallfoursuntilhereachedPaula.”（他在原地等了一会儿，但她一直在试图移动，每移动一次，她就滑多一点。怕她会摔下来导致死亡。格兰特四肢着地爬着，一直爬到宝拉身边。）可知，格兰特担心宝拉是因为她不断的移动。故选B项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Securinghimselfagainstatree,Grantgentlyputherhandinhisandtriedtokeephermindoffthepainbyaskinghersomequestions”（格兰特把自己靠在一棵树上，轻轻地把她的手放在自己的手上，问她一些问题，试图让她忘记疼痛。）可知，格兰特问宝拉一些问题是为了减轻她的痛苦。故选A项。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Paula,whohasfullyrecovered,said,“At18,Henryhasalreadybeeninvolvedinbuildingtherestofmylife.””（已经完全康复的保拉说：“18岁时，亨利已经参与了我余生的建设。”）故可推知，宝拉在最后一段想表达她的感激之情。故选B项。CAsaclassiclovemovieofthetwentiethcentury,Titanicmakesonescenealong-lastingcinematicshot:Jackletgoofhishandandsankintheicyseawater,leavingthechanceoflivingtohisloverRose,whofinallysurvivedonawoodendoordebris(残骸).Morethan100yearssincethedisastrouseventandmorethantwodecadesaftertheearliestreleaseofthemovieTitanic,therehavebeenmany“doortheories”.AudiencesdebateheatedlyoverwhetherornotJackandRosecouldhavebothfitontothewoodendebrisandsurvived.So,wasthereroomforJack?InaTVprogram,hostsJamieandAdamevendidanexperimentusinganexactreplica(复制品)ofthewoodenpiecefromthemovie,andthetwoprovedthatiftheyhadtiedRose’slifejackettothebottomofthedoortostrengthenitsbuoyancy(浮力),theywouldhavemanagedtostayafloat.However,theirconclusionwasdebunkedwhendirectorCameronsaidthatthefreezingwaterandJack’shightemperaturewouldhavemadethelifejacketsolutionimpossible.Healsosaidthatthedebateisbeyondthepointthemoviewastryingtomake,whichisfocusedonthetragiclovestoryofJackandRose,notphysics.ThelargestdebrisrecoveredfromtherealTitanicisnowdisplayedintheMaritimeMuseum.Themuseum’swebsitestatesthatareplicawasoncebuiltforthemoviebasedonthemuseum’sTitaniccollectionwhichwasknownasthe“door”usedinthedeathscene.Unfortunately,thesizeofthedebriscoupledwiththeweightofRoseontopcouldwork,butnotifJack’sadditionalweightwasaddedtoit.Inaword,sciencehasproventhatJackdidn’tdiefornothinganddidindeedsacrificehimselftosavetheloveofhislife.28.What’sthepurposeofparagraph1?A.Toleadintothetopic. B.Tointroduceamovie. C.Toraiseaquestion. D.Tohighlightcharacters.29.WhatistheconclusionofJamieandAdambasedon?A.Thedevelopmentoftheplot. B.Aphysicsexperiment. C.Thethemeofthemovie. D.Aheateddebate.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“debunked”inparagraph4mean?A.Confirmed. B.Opposed. C.Approved. D.Concerned.31.Wecaninferthatthemovie’sendingis.A.unrealistic B.confusing C.reasonable D.surprising【答案】28.A29.B30.B31.C【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了电影《泰坦尼克号》最早上映20多年后，出现了许多“门理论”，认为杰克可以活下来，而科学已经证明电影的结局是合理的。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Asaclassiclovemovieofthetwentiethcentury,Titanicmakesonescenealong-lastingcinematicshot:Jackletgoofhishandandsankintheicyseawater,leavingthechanceoflivingtohisloverRose,whofinallysurvivedonawoodendoordebris(残骸).(《泰坦尼克号》是一部20世纪的经典爱情电影，其中的一个场景是一个持久的电影镜头：杰克松开手，沉入冰冷的海水中，给他的爱人罗斯留下了生存的机会，罗斯最终在木门残骸上幸存下来。)”及下文对此场景的讨论可推断，本段的目的是引出话题。故选A。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“InaTVprogram,hostsJamieandAdamevendidanexperimentusinganexactreplica(复制品)ofthewoodenpiecefromthemovie,andthetwoprovedthatiftheyhadtiedRose’slifejackettothebottomofthedoortostrengthenitsbuoyancy(浮力),theywouldhavemanagedtostayafloat.(在一个电视节目，主持人杰米和亚当甚至做了一个实验用的一个木制的复制品的电影，和两个证明，如果他们把罗斯的救生衣绑在门的底部以加强它的浮力，他们会设法保持漂浮。)”可知，杰米和亚当的结论是基于他们所做的物理实验。故选B。【30题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词后半句“whendirectorCameronsaidthatthefreezingwaterandJack’shightemperaturewouldhavemadethelifejacketsolutionimpossible.(因为卡梅隆导演说冰冻的水和杰克的高温不可能让救生衣解决问题。)”可知，杰米和亚当的结论被推翻了。所以debunked为“揭穿真相，暴露，推翻”之意。oppose“反对”是近义词，故选B。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Unfortunately,thesizeofthedebriscoupledwiththeweightofRoseontopcouldwork,butnotifJack’sadditionalweightwasaddedtoit.(不幸的是，碎片的大小加上罗斯在上面的重量可能会起作用，但如果加上杰克的额外重量就不行了。)”可推断，这部电影的结局合理的。故选C。DForanyastronauthopingtosurviveonthesurfaceofthemoon,growingcropswillbeessential.Now,scientistshavetaken“onesmallstep”towardsgrowingplantsonthelunarsurface,aftershowingit’spossibletogrowthalecress,asmallfloweringplant,inlunarsoil.Thefindingsraisehopesthatplantscouldbegrownonthemoonduringfuturespacemissions,andevenenablemankindtosetupalunarsettlement.“Forfuture,longerspacemissions,wemayusethemoonasalaunchingplatform,”explainedProfessorRobFerl.“Itmakessensethatwewouldwanttousethesoilthat’salreadytheretogrowplants.”Untilnow,scientistshavenotgrownplantsinthesoil.“So,whathappenswhenyougrowplantsinlunarsoil?Whatwouldplantsdoinalunargreenhouse?Couldwehavelunarfarmers?”ProfessorFerlquestioned.Toanswerthesequestions,researchersfromFloridasetouttoplantthalecressseedsinlunarsoil,addwater,nutrients,andlight,andseewhathappened.Theresearcherschosetousethalecressbecauseitsgeneticcodehasalreadybeenfullymapped.Forcomparison,theresearchersalsoplantedseedsinarangeofsoils,includingthosethatsimulateMartiansoils.Totheirdelight,theresearchersfoundthatnearlyalloftheseedsgrew.However,theydidobservedifferencesbetweentheplantsgrowninthelunarsoilandthosegrowninthecontrolsoils.Someoftheplantsgrowninthelunarsoilsweresmaller,whileothersgrewmoreslowlyorweremorevariedinsize.Growingplantsinlunarsoilsmayalsochangethemoonitself,accordingtoDr.StephenElardo.“Themoonisavery,verydryplace”,hesaid.Howwillmineralsinthelunarsoilrespondtohavingaplantgrowninthem,withtheaddedwaterandnutrients?Willaddingwatermakethemineralsfriendliertoplants?Theresearchershopetoanswerthesequestionsinfollow-upstudies.32.What’sthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thesignificanceofthefindings.B.Theplantsgrowninthelunarsoil.C.Themissionsoffuturespaceexploration.D.Thehopeforsettingupalunarsettlement.33.Whydidresearchersusethalecressintheexperiment?A.Itsgenesaresuitableforlunarsoil.B.Ithasalongevolutionaryhistory.C.Ithasbeentestedwithlunarsoilbefore.D.Peoplehaveagoodknowledgeofitsgenes.34.Whatdidresearchersfindabouttheplantsgrowninlunarsoi1?A.Theyabsorbedfewnutrients.B.Theydidn’tgrowwellenough.C.Theygrewslowlyinthedark.D.Theyneededmorewatertogrowbigger.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ScientistsGrowPlantsinLunarSoilB.ScientistsConductaStudyonLunarSoilC.ScientistsPrepareforFarmingontheMoonD.ScientistsHopetoCollectMoreLunarSoil【答案】32.A33.D34.B35.A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家在月球土壤中种植植物的研究过程。【32题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二自然段“Thefindingsraisehopesthatplantscouldbegrownonthemoonduringfuturespacemissions,andevenenablemankindtosetupalunarsettlement.(这一发现使人们希望，在未来的太空任务中，植物可以在月球上生长，甚至使人类能够在月球上建立定居点。)”可知，本段主要介绍这项研究结果的意义。故选A项。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三自然段“Theresearcherschosetousethalecressbecauseitsgeneticcodehasalreadybeenfullymapped.(研究人员选择使用水芹，因为它的基因密码已经被完全绘制出来。)”可知，研究人员之所以选择水芹，是因为人们对它的基因很了解。故选D项。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第四自然段“Someoftheplantsgrowninthelunarsoilsweresmaller,whileothersgrewmoreslowlyorweremorevariedinsize.(在月球土壤中生长的一些植物较小，而另一些植物生长得更慢或大小变化更大。)”可知，研究人员对月球土壤中生长的植物发现了它们长得不够好。故选B项。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一自然段“Now,scientistshavetaken“onesmallstep”towardsgrowingplantsonthelunarsurface,aftershowingit’spossibletogrowthalecress,asmallfloweringplant,inlunarsoil.(现在，科学家们已经朝着在月球表面种植植物迈出了“一小步”，因为他们证明了在月球土壤中种植小水芹的可能性。)”可知，纵观全文，本文主要讲述了科学家在月球土壤中种植水芹的研究过程。所以短文的标题为“科学家在月球土壤中种植植物”。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Sooftenwefindourselvesonautopilot—wakingupinthesamehome,puttingonthesameclothesandtakingthesametransportationtothesame-oldjob.____36____Andwhileit’sperfectlynaturalforhumanstosticktoroutine,there’smuchtobediscoveredbeyondthelimitsofourcomfortzones.Thereisnoexceptiontoamanaged53.____37____Heknewitwasgoingtobehardtofindanotherjob.Healsoknewitwasnowornevertopursuehislifelongdreamofowninghisownrestaurant.Buthewastoooldtocompetewiththeyoungandtooweaktodoanylaborwork.____38____Hedidn’twanttospendhisrestlifesittingaroundandfeelingpityforhimself.Also,Mrs.Mockenhauptactivelyencouragedhimtomoveon,consideringitaperfectchancefortwoofthemtostarttheirownbusinesswithplentyoftimeandwithoutthedisturbanceofchildren.____39____Brianfoundjustwhathewantedeightblocksfromhome—anexistingcafethatwasunderperformingandwhoseownerwashighlymotivatedtogetoutofhislease(租期).____40____Buttheproblemwasthathehadneverfinanciallyplannedforthisday.Hehadtoborrowmoneyfromfriendsandrelatives.Afterthat,hechangedthenametoBlackDogCoffee,andmadeitaliveagain.Eighteenyearslater,they’restillthereanddoingbetterthanever.Briansayshe’sextremelygratefulforthedecisiontomakeachange.A.Thencametheopportunity.B.Thethoughtfilledhimwithanxiety.C.ThatwasexactlywhatBrianneeded.D.EvenourNewYear’sdecisionstochangehardlymakeit.E.Withthesupportofhisfamily,hetookajobinthelocalcafe.F.Severalweeksafterconsideration,hedecidedtohaveachange.G.BrianMockenhauptgotlaidofffromaseniormanagementposition.【答案】36.D37.G38.F39.A40.C【分析】这是一篇记叙文。虽然对人类来说，循规蹈矩是再自然不过的事情，但在我们的舒适区之外，还有很多东西有待发现。文章主要记叙了53岁被迫下岗的BrianMockenhaupt选择做出改变，在家人的支持下，开始经营一家咖啡馆的故事。【36题详解】根据上文Sooftenwefindourselvesonautopilot—wakingupinthesamehome,puttingonthesameclothesandtakingthesametransportationtothesame-oldjob.可知所以，我们经常发现自己处于自动驾驶状态——在同一个家里醒来，穿上同样的衣服，乘坐同样的交通工具去做同样的工作。由此可知，本句承接上文说明，人们总是在重复相同的事情，所以做出改变的决定往往变得很难实现。故D选项“即使我们在新年做出改变的决定也很难实现”符合语境，故选D。【37题详解】根据后文Heknewitwasgoingtobehardtofindanotherjob.可知他知道再找一份工作会很困难。由此可知，本句应当是在说明某一个人下岗失去了工作的事情，结合下一段中Also,Mrs.Mockenhauptactivelyencouragedhimtomoveon,consideringitaperfectchancefortwoofthemtostarttheirownbusinesswithplentyoftimeandwithoutthedisturbanceofchildren.(Mockenhaupt太太也积极鼓励他向前看，认为这是他们俩人开创自己事业的绝佳机会，有足够的时间，没有孩子的打扰)可知这个人就是BrianMockenhaupt。故G选项“BrianMockenhaupt从一个高级管理职位上下岗了”符合语境，故选G。【38题详解】根据后文Hedidn’twanttospendhisrestlifesittingaroundandfeelingpityforhimself.Also,Mrs.Mockenhauptactivelyencouragedhimtomoveon,consideringitaperfectchancefortwoofthemtostarttheirownbusinesswithplentyoftimeandwithoutthedisturbanceofchildren.可知他不想让自己的下半生无所事事地可怜自己。Mockenhaupt太太也积极鼓励他继续生活，认为这是他们俩人开创自己事业的绝佳机会，有足够的时间，没有孩子的打扰。由此可知，BrianMockenhaupt决定做出一些改变，因为他不想让自己的下半生无所事事地可怜自己。故F选项“经过几个星期的考虑，他决定改变一下”符合语境，故选F。【39题详解】根据后文Brianfoundjustwhathewantedeightblocksfromhome—anexistingcafethatwasunderperformingandwhoseownerwashighlymotivatedtogetoutofhislease(租期).可知Brian在离他家8个街区的地方找到了他想要的东西——一家现有的咖啡馆，该咖啡馆的业绩不佳，其老板想要解除租约。由此可知，上一段提到Brian想要改变一下，后文提到有一家咖啡馆想要解除租约，说明Brian改变的机会来了。故A选项“机会来了”符合语境，故选A。【40题详解】根据上文Brianfoundjustwhathewantedeightblocksfromhome—anexistingcafethatwasunderperformingandwhoseownerwashighlymotivatedtogetoutofhislease(租期).(Brian在离他家8个街区的地方找到了他想要的东西——一家现有的咖啡馆，该咖啡馆的业绩不佳，其老板想要解除租约)以及后文Buttheproblemwasthathehadneverfinanciallyplannedforthisday.Hehadtoborrowmoneyfromfriendsandrelatives.(但问题是，他从来没有为这一天做过财务计划。他不得不向亲戚朋友借钱)由此可知，离家不远就有咖啡馆可以接手，这正是渴望改变的Brian所需要的的。后文他向亲戚朋友借钱也说明他想要租下咖啡馆。故C选项“这正是Brian所需要的”符合语境，故选C。第三部分：语言运用第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Attheendofaweek,MikeandIweregoingtoinvitefriendsfordinner.AlreadyrunninglatemyselfIstartedfeeling____41____asIdro