Unit4AdversityandCouragePeriod1ReadingandThinking（学案）（原卷版）-高二英语学与练（人教选择性）

选择性必修第三册Unit4AdversityandCouragePeriod1ReadingandThinking001预习导学Ⅰ单词认读关(先填后记诵)一、基础词汇记其形1.

____________

n.

困境；逆境2.

____________

vt.

分派；布置；分配3.

____________

n.

&

vt.

羡慕；妒忌4.

____________

vt.

毁坏；压坏；压碎

n.

拥挤的人群5.

____________

vt.

舍弃；抛弃；放弃6.

____________

adj.

痛苦的，令人难受的7.

____________

adj.

相当不错的；正派的；得体的8.

____________

adj.

真正的；真诚的；可信赖的9.

____________

vi.

坚持；孜孜以求10.

____________

vi.

&

vt.

决定；决心；解决n.

决心；坚定的信念11.

____________

adj.

残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的12.

____________

adv.

幸运地13.

____________

n.

指导；引导；导航二、核心词汇记中变1.endurevt.忍耐；容忍→____________n.忍耐力；耐久力2.qualifyvt.(使)具有资格；(使)合格→____________adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→____________n.资格；资历；资格证书3.enthusiasticadj.热情的；热心的→____________adv.热心地→____________n.热心；热情4.assignvt.分派；布置；分配→____________n.分配；任务5.abandonvt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃；沉迷于→____________adj.被抛弃的；放纵的6.belongv.属于→____________n.(pl.)财物；动产7.selfishadj.自私的→____________adv.自私地→____________n.自私自利8.perseverevi.坚持；孜孜以求→____________n.毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神9.crueladj.残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的→____________adv.残酷地；残忍地；冷酷地→____________n.残忍；残酷；冷酷10.resolvevi.&vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难)n.决心；坚定的信念→____________n.决议；解决；坚定11.fortunen.财富；命运；运气→____________adv.幸运地→____________adj.不幸的→____________adv.不幸地；遗憾地12.guidevt.指导n.指南→____________n.指导；引导；导航13.advertisevt.&vi.公布；宣传；做广告→____________n.广告活动；广告业→____________n.广告14.corporateadj.公司的；法人的；社团的→____________n.公司三、阅读词汇识其义1.

wage

n.

____________________2.

bitter

adj.

____________________3.

expedition

n.

____________________4.

endurance

n.

____________________5.

vigour(vigor)

n.

____________________6.

turnsbdown

____________________7.

qualified

adj.

____________________8.

enthusiastic

adj.

____________________9.

aboard

adv.

&

prep.

____________________10.

cupboard

n.

____________________11.

steward

n.

____________________12.

sink

vi.

____________________

vt.

____________________13.

stove

n.

____________________14.

blanket

n.

____________________15.

belongings

n.

[pl.]____________________16.

banjo

n.

____________________17.

voyage

n.&vi.

____________________18.

navy

n.

____________________19.

cosy

adj.

____________________20.

selfish

adj.

____________________21.

good/badtempered

adj.

____________________22.

perseverance

n.

____________________23.

resolution

n.

____________________24.

crew

n.

____________________25.

thorough

adj.

____________________26.

furniture

n.

____________________27.

unfortunately

adv.

____________________28.

bark

vi.

&

n.

____________________29.

rugby

n.

____________________30.

bat

n.

______________

vi.&vt.

________________31.

damp

adj.

____________________32.

recreation

n.

____________________33.

nephew

n.

____________________34.

advertising

n.

____________________35.

advertise

vt.

&

vi.

____________________36.

cooperate

adj.

____________________Ⅱ语块记诵关(先填后记诵)1._____________________人员招募2._____________________参加探险3._____________________前往...的探险4._____________________梦想5._____________________做好准备6_____________________在.......岁时7._____________________健康8._____________________充满活力9._____________________申请做某事10._____________________拒绝某人11._____________________某人没有资格12._____________________某人对某事如此热情以至于……13._____________________出发14._____________________折回，返回15._____________________给某人一份工作16_____________________指派我去做服务员17._____________________卡在冰里18._____________________弃船19._____________________个人物品20._____________________扔掉21._____________________令我们惊讶的是22._____________________振奋某人的精神23._____________________在冰上扎营24._____________________设法生存25._____________________好几天；多日26._____________________不久之后；稍后27._____________________获得成功；成功做到（其他意思：准时到达）28._____________________情绪不高的（low生义：沮丧的；消沉的）29._____________________坚持住；等一等；别挂断；30._____________________变成31._____________________到现在；目前为止32._____________________毕竟；终究Ⅲ.佳句赏析关(先赏后译)ButthingsonElephantIslandaregoingfrombadtoworse.Wearenowcrowdedtogetherunderoneofourboatsontherockyshoreofthismiserableplace.However,thesehappymemoriesaresooninterruptedbyasuddencoldrushofair.Theirgenuineconcernforothers,theirperseverance,andtheirresolvefillmewithhope.002语篇理解Step1Pre­reading1.Whathappenedto“Endurance”inthephoto?2.Howwouldyoufeelandwhatwouldyoudoifyouwereonthisship.3.ReadthisadvertisementthatwaspostedbyErnestShackleton,thefamousBritishexplorer.Discussthequestionswithyourgroupmembers.Q1.Whatdoes“smallwages”mean?Q2.Whatisthemeaningof“bittercold”here?Whatkindofmendoyouthinkcouldendurebittercold?Q3.Accordingtotheadvertisement,whatkindofmenwasErnestShackletonlookingfor?Q4.Wouldyouliketojoinanexpeditionlikethis?Whyorwhynot?Step2While­readingTask1:Fastreading1.Findthebasicinformationabouttheexpeditionandfinishthefollowingchart.2.Whatisthemainideaofeachdiary?Task2:Readfordetails1.Diary1HowdidBlackborowetojointheexpedition?2.Diary2WhathappenedtoEndurance?Whatdidthecrewmembershavetodo?WhydidheallowHusseytokeephisbanjo?3.Diary3WhatdidShackletondotomakesureallcrewmemberscouldsurvive?Whatdidthecrewmembershavetodotomakesuretheycouldsurvive?Step3Post­readingAfterShackleton,BlackborowandFrankWildweresavedandwentback,theywereinvitedtoseveralinterviews.Workingroupstomakeaninterviewwithyourpartners.Step4HomeworkImagineyouwerePerceBlackborow.Writeamessageinabottletoexplainyoursituationandaskforhelp.003语言学习Part1核心词汇1.enthusiasticadj.热情的；热心的→enthusiasticallyadv.热情地；热心地→enthusiasmn.热情；热心【用法归纳】beenthusiasticabout(doing)sth对(做)某事有热情lack/fullofenthusiasm缺乏/充满热情withenthusiasm(＝enthusiastically)热情地【学以致用】单句语法填空/补全句子①Heisselfishandbadtempered.Thus，hewillneverbeenthusiastic__________helpingthoseintrouble.②Inspiredbythe__________(enthusiastic)andencouragement，Davidquickenedhispaceinhighspirits.③BernardandJohnstill____________________inspiteofseveralfailures.尽管失败了几次，伯纳德和约翰仍然热情地做爆米花。2.envyn.&vt.羡慕；妒忌→enviousadj.嫉妒的；羡慕的【用法归纳】envysbsth羡慕某人有某物envysbdoingsth羡慕某人做某事withenvy羡慕地；嫉妒地outofenvy出于嫉妒begreenwithenvy嫉妒地眼红beenviousof...羡慕/嫉妒……【学以致用】单句语法填空/补全句子①I__________(envy)himbeingenthusiasticandfullofenergyanditseemedthatheneverfeltexhausted.②Iam__________(envy)ofyou，becauseyouareleadingsuchacosyanddecentlife.③I____________________becauseshewasreallydressedtotheteethattheparty.她在派对上穿得真华丽，我非常眼红。3.abandonvt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃；沉迷于→abandonedadj.被遗弃的；放纵的【用法归纳】abandononeselfto(doing)sth沉湎于(做)……；纵情于(做)……abandondoingsth放弃做某事withabandon放纵地，放任地beabandonedto(doing)sth沉湎于(做)……【学以致用】单句语法填空/补全句子/句式升级①Theoneinthenewenvironmentshouldbesympathetictothefactthatyourfriendmayfeel__________(abandon).②Hislastwordwentlikeabullettoherheart.S________________________________________.他最后一句话太扎心了。她大哭起来，陷入绝望。③Iabandonedmyselftoputergames.Iperformedextremelybadlyintheendoftermexamination.→______________________________，Iperformedextremelybadlyintheendoftermexamination.(现在分词短语作状语)→______________________________，Iperformedextremelybadlyintheendoftermexamination.(形容词短语作状语)4.sink(sank/sunk，sunk)vi.沉没；下沉；下降；倒下；坐下；(心情)沮丧，(情绪)低落vt.使下沉；使沉没n.洗涤槽，水槽【用法归纳】sinkinto/down/back颓然坐下/重重倒下/向后倒下sinkintosth渐渐进入(消极、不快等)状态one’sheart/spiritssink心情沉重；情绪低落asinkingfeeling/ship颓丧感/沉船【学以致用】单句语法填空/补全句子①Witha__________(sink)heart，hedraggedhisfeethome.②Shemurmuredherthanksand__________(sink)downintoherchair.③____________________.Shefeltseizedbyaburstofsadnessandcouldn’tholdbackhertears.(情感描写)她心情沉重。她突然感到很悲伤，忍不住落下泪来。5.resolvevi.&vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难)n.决心；坚定的信念→resolutionn.决议；解决；坚定【用法归纳】resolvetodosth决定做某事makearesolutiontodo...下定决心做……【以练促学】单句语法填空/补全句子①Wehavemadearesolution__________(reduce)ourcarbonfootprintbyrestrictingtheamountofcarbondioxideourlifestylesproduce.②Culturalrelicsrepresentthewisdomofourancestors，so____________________________________________________________(文化遗产与保护)文化遗产代表我们祖先的智慧，因此我们国家已经决定不遗余力地保护它们。Part2核心句型Greatworksareperformednotbystrength,butperseverance.成就伟业不在于体力,而在于坚韧不拔的毅力。【句式分析】not…but…“____________________”，not后接被否定的内容，but后面接被认可的事实。用法：连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词的数遵循就近原则。【学以致用】NotTom’parentsbutTom_________(love)fishing.【名师提醒】常见句型列举：notjust…but…/notonly…but(also)…/not...but...该句型可连接两个并列的主语、谓语、宾语、表语和状语，说话的侧重点在后一部分。当连接两个并列主语时，谓语应同靠近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。多与anything,nothing,anybody,nobody,who,all,none连用，后接名词或代词，如作主语，谓语动词与but前的代词保持人称和数的一致性。【拓展练习】1.Notjustyoubuthe_____(like)thecountrymusicverymuch.2.Hecannotjustdrivebut_____(repair)acar.3.Ilikenotjustpopmusic________countrymusic.4.Thisbookisnotjustinteresting________useful.5.LuXunisfamousnotjustinChina_________inthewholeworld.6.Nobodybutthey______(know)thesecret.Wearenowcampedontheiceandwehavebeenmanagingtosurvive.现在，我们在冰层上扎营，一直在设法生存下来。【句式分析】(1)Myclothesarewet,becauseIhavebeenwalkinginthestreet.(2)Whohasbeentellingyousuchnonsense?(3)Shehasbeentellingmethetruth.(4)Who’sbeeninterruptingyou?(5)Ihavebeensayinggoodbyetoafewfriendstoday.现在完成进行时：表示从过去开始发生，一直延续到现在并可能延续下去的动作。（见文本例句）表示动作刚刚结束。（见例句1）表示某种感情色彩。（见例句2和4）表示过去某种愿望未实现，某种企图或希望落空，含有遗憾、不耐烦的情绪。（见例句3）表示一个过去的动作对现在的影响和造成的结果。（相当于现在完成时）（见例句5）【学以致用】(1)CathyistakingnotesofthegrammaticalrulesinclassatSunshineSchool,whereshe_______________(study)Englishforayear.(2)—I’msureAndrewwillwinthefirstprizeinthefinal.—Ithinkso.He___________________(prepare)foritformonths.Bythetimeherealizeshe____________(walk)intoatrap,it’llbetoolateforhimtodoanythingaboutit.WithoutFrankandErnest,we’dallbedeadbynow.要是没有弗兰克和欧内斯特，我们现在早就没命了。【句式分析】(1)We’dbebetteroffwithoutthem____neighbours.(2)I’mverynearsightedwithoutglasses______.(3)Theydebatedforhourswithoutadecision__________(take).(4)Withoutanotherword_________(exchange),theystartedoff.(5)Withoutanyone_________(help),howcanwegoon?without＋宾语＋宾语补足语用法如下：(1)without+宾语+介词（见例句1）(2)without+宾语+副词（见例句2）(3)without+宾语+动名词（见例句3）(4)without+宾语+过去分词（见例句4）(5)without+宾语+不定式（见例句5）【名师提醒】without在虚拟语气中的用法：(1)without表示将来时间虚拟语气的情况：Idon’tknowwhatwe_________(do)withoutyou.(2)without表示过去时间虚拟语气的情况：Withouttheirsupport,theproject____________________(be)successful.(3)without表示现在时间虚拟语气的情况：Withoutair,there_____________(be)livingthingsintheworldnow.without在虚拟语气中的用法总结：表示将来，主句用would/should/could/might+do表示过去，主句用would/should/could/might+havedone3表示现在，主句用would/should/could/might+do004随堂小练Part1动词的形式变化和词形转换1.TodayIamas_________aboutmyjobasthefirstdayandmy_________enablesmetotreatmyjob_________.(enthusiastic)2.Believeitornot，myhusbandwascrueltomeandhis_________alwaysmademeinlowspirits.(cruel)3._________，hereceivedalarge_________fromhisunclewhoiswarmheartedandgenerous.(fortunate)4.He_________withhisviolinlessons.Itwashis_________thatenabledhimtobeeadistinguishedviolinist.(persevere)5.Underthe_________(guide)ofthequalifiedguide，wetraveledaroundtheplacesofinterestveryhappily.6.He_________metothedifficult_________，soIcouldn’twasteanytime.(assign)7.Dozensof_________(qualify)studentstookpartinthecampaignandpractisedfrequentlyundertheguidanceofsomeexperiencedwritersandteachers.8.Shefeltdesperatelytiredandherspirits_________(sink).Part2课文语法填空Fillintheblankswiththevocabularyfromthearticle(Diary1para2)AnexpeditiontotheSouthPolewiththegreatSirErnestShackleton—thisistheadventurethatI____________________.AndIwasreadyforit.Attheageof19,Iamfitandfullof_________.However,whenI____________jointheexpedition,Shackleton_____________becausehethoughtIwastooyoungandwasn’tqualified.ButIwasso____________abouttheideaof_______________themthatIsecretlywent_________hisship,theEndurance,andhidinasmallcupboard.___________,threedaysafterwe_______Iwasdiscovered.Shackletondidnotwantto_________soheofferedmeajob,butonlyafterhepromisedme,“Ifanyonehastobeeaten,thenyouwillbethefirst!”Heassignedmetobeasteward,andInowservemealsfortwentyeightmen,threetimesaday.Fillintheblankswiththevocabularyfromthearticle(Diary2para2)Beforewe____________theship,Shackletoncalmlycalledustogetherandtoldustorescueourmostessentialsupplies—thesmallboats,ourfood,thecookstove,candles,clothes,and__________.Thiswasnotimetopanic.Wewerenot__________takemostofourpersonalbelongings,andShackletonhimselfthrewawayallhisgold.But_____________,heallowedHusseytokeephisbanjo.Husseyoftenplaysitto________________.005培优提升完形填空IhavebeenafraidofheightsforaslongasIcanremember.WhenIwas11,myschoolbuiltaleadershiptrainingcenterthathadvariouschallenges.Themost1ofthemallwascalled“TheLeapofFaith”,whereyouhadtoclimba2toaplatform11metershigh.Oncethere,youhadto3theplatformandreachouttograbarope.IhadseenstudentsdoitandhadsworntherewasnowayIwouldever4it.Onedaymyteacheraskedme,“Areyougoingtotry?”I5itoffandtoldhimthathecouldn’tpaymetodoit.6,heencouragedmeuntilfinallyIagreedtodoit.IclimbedupandwhenIgottothetop,Iwasinshockandcouldn’tmove.Seeingthis,myteacher7thatinsteadofjumpingofftheplatformandgrabbingtherope,Ijustsitontheedgeandthenslidedown.Isatdown,butstillcouldn’tbringmyselftoslideoffthe8.Isattherefor20minutes.Finally,withtheencouragementofmyclass,Isliddown.WhenIfinallyreachedtheground,Iheardtwoboys9meaboutitbehindmyback.So,IdecidedIwantedto10again.Overthenexttwoweeks,Ididallsortsofthingsto11myself.Ijumpedofftablesanddidsomehighropesstuff.OnemorningbeforeschoolIwentdowntothecenter,climbedtothetopoftheladder,encouragedmyselfandthen...IDIDIT!Ihadneverbeforefeltso12ofmyself.Ilearnedsomuchduringthattime.Themostimportantthingwasthatsometimessituationsare13butthatdoesn’tmakethemimpossible.Peoplewilldoubtyouinlife,butIhavelearnedthat14isthebestwaytoreplytopeoplelikethat.So,alwayskeepdreaminganddon’tletyour15getintheway.1．A．difficult B．interesting C．important D．useful2．A．wall B．tree C．ladder D．rock3．A．dealwith B．jumpoff C．relyon D．hurrydown4．A．consider B．examine C．adopt D．attempt5．A．put B．laughed C．called D．kicked6．A．Therefore B．Instead C．Anyway D．Moreover7．A．suggested B．announced C．required D．agreed8．A．branch B．stage C．shore D．edge9．A．teasing B．asking C．praising D．blaming10．A．act B．try C．show D．slide11．A．assess B．please C．calm D．prepare12．A．aware B．afraid C．proud D．serious13．A．frightening B．different C．strange D．dangerous14．A．exercise B．knowledge C．success D．independence15．A．anger B．confusion C．failures D．fears二、语法填空1.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。WhenIappliedtojoinanexpedition,Shackletonturnedme16.ButIsecretlywentaboardhisship,theEndurance.Thejourneyhadnotbeeneasy.Endurancebecame17(stick)intheiceandwehadtoabandontheship.Shackleton18(calm)calledustogetherandtoldustorescueourmostessential19(supply).Wewerecampedontheiceandwehadbeenmanagingtosurvive,butspring20(e),andtheicewouldsoonbegintomelt.ThingsonElephantIslandweregoingfrombadto21.ShackletonleftustofindhelponSouthGeorgiaIsland,1,320kilometersaway—thevoyagewastoodangerousanddifficultforallofus22(make)itinoursmallboats.IfShackletonfailed,wouldwehaveanyhopeofrescue?No.BlessFrankWild,thekindestmantherewasafterourleader,