2022年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第2套)

2022年12月大学英语四级考试真题（第2套）

PartIWriting(30minutes)

Directions:Inthistask,youaretowriteanessayonthenecessityofdevelopingsocialskills

forcollegestudents.Youwillhave30minutesforthetask.Youshouldwriteatleast120

wordsbutnomorethan180words.

PartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,

youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespoken

onlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoices

markedA),B),C)andDJ.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1witha

singlelinethroughthecentre.

Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

1.A)Partofitsdamwallcollapsed.

B)Itreleasedalotofharmfulgases.

C)Itwasdestroyedbyanearthquake.

D)Someminersweretrappedunderground.

2.A)Itposedasafetythreattotheminers.

B)Itcauseddamagetooheavytoassess.

C)Itbroughtthemine'soperationstoahalt.

D)Itwasfollowedbytwomoreearthquakes.

Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

3.A)Itpreparedbedsforallthesixnewcitizens.

B)Itassignedateamofdoctorsforeachexpectedbaby.

C)Itmadeamplepreparationsforvariouspossibilities.

D)Itbroughtinthemostadvancedinstruments.

4.A)Theyhadtoundergo2-3physicalcheckups.

B)Theywereallofnormalsizeexceptthesixth.

C)Theycouldgohometogetherwiththeirmotheradaylater.

D)Theyneededtostayinthehospitalforacoupleofmonths.

Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

5.A)Itisownedbythelocalgovernment.

B)Ithasbeenturnedintoapublicpark.

C)IthasbeenboughtbyanAmerican.

D)Itisaperfecttouristdestination.

6.A)Itsseafood.

B)Itsunusualcoastline.

C)Itsunspoiledbeaches.

D)Itsarchitecture.

7.A)Ithasanunmatchedlocation.

B)Itisworthover18millioneuros.

C)Ithasbeautifulweatherallyearround.

D)Itisanidealplacetomeetfamousstars.

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeach

conversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbe

spokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefour

choicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet

1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

8.A)Shehasbeenattendingsomegroupclasses.

B)Shehasregisteredfortwonewgymclasses.

C)Shebecameamemberofthegymtwomonthsago.

D)Sheisentitledtoadiscountonallthegymexercises.

9.A)Consideringthepromotionofitsregularclasses.

B)Takingmeasurestoexpanditsexerciseprograms.

C)Recruitingcoachesfbrhotyogaandadvancedspinning.

D)Offeringexistingmembersadiscountoftwonewclasses.

10.A)Shemissedthedeadlinefbrthe10-weekcourse.

B)Shemissedoutonthegym'sgeneraldiscount.

C)Shedidn'tsignupfbrmembershipintime.

D)Shewasn'tsomuchinterestedinhotyoga.

11.A)Shedoesn'twanttorevealhercarddetailsoverthephone.

B)Shedoesn'tthinkitwisetopaybeforeattendinganyclass.

C)Shemighthavetocancelherregistrationanyminute.

D)Shepreferstohavethefeeaddedtohermonthlybill

Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

12.A)Tomakeinvestments.

B)Tosignabusinesscontract.

C)Toresearchnewmarkets.

D)Toopenanewoffice.

13.A)Dubai.

B)Beijing.

C)Amsterdam.

D)Earl'sCourt.

14.A)Rentabikefbrhimtogetaroundthetown.

B)Reserveameetingroomintheheadoffice.

C)Helphimpreparehispresentation.

D)Sendhimamapofthehotelarea.

15.A)Bringhisprojector.

B)Keepallhisreceipts.

C)Submithisclaimsform.

D)Paywithhiscreditcard.

SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwill

hearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.

Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfi^omthefourchoicesmarkedA),

B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasingleline

throughthecentre.

Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

16.A)Whetheracountry'seducationallevelislinkedtowomen'srights.

B)Whetherwomen'srightsaremakinggoodprogressaroundtheworld.

C)Whetheracountry'sprotectionofwomen'srightsisrelatedtoitspublichealth.

D)Whetherwomen'srightsaremoreoftenoverlookedinless-developedcountries.

17.A)Theirpeoplestillhavebetterhealthifwomen'srightsarerespected.

B)Theymustmakeeffortstoincreasewomen'saccesstohealthcare.

C)Theirpeopletendtoattachimportancetowomen'srights.

D)Theyneedtoinvestmoreinhospitalstaffandfacilities.

18.A)Theirlinkwithacountry'spublichealth.

B)Theirpotentialimpactonsocialprogress.

C)Theirvaluetoacountry'sinternationalimage.

D)Theirpositiveeffectoneconomicdevelopment.

Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

19.A)Itcreatesawonderfulsettingfordating.

B)Itmaycausestrangephysicalreactions.

C)Itturnsparksintopicnicsites.

D)Itmayresultinacrowdedbeach.

20.A)Breathingdifficulty.

B)Badbreath.

C)Excessivesweating.

D)Highbloodpressure.

21.A)Itprotectspeopleagainstbacteria.

B)Itenablespeopletobuildupendurance.

C)Itacceleratespeople'sbloodcirculation.

D)Itprovidespeoplewithextraenergy.

Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

22.A)Theyaremorelikelytowinincombatsports.

B)Theyareintheminorityamongthepopulation.

C)Theyhaveahigherchanceofjoiningsportsteams.

D)Theyhavemoredisadvantagesingettingahead.

23.A)Theirbrainismorepowerfulthanthatofright-handedpeople.

B)Theleftsideoftheirbrainismorepowerfulthanitsrightside.

C)Theytendtobealotmoreaggressivethanright-handedpeople.

D)Theirbrainhasastrongerconnectionbetweenitstwosides.

24.A)Theyhavealargerbrain.

B)Itstillremainsunknown.

C)Itisrelatedtotheirgenes.

D)Theyarebetteratreasoning.

25.A)Teachthemhowtoperfonntaskswiththeirrighthand.

B)Helpthemfullydeveloptheirmathematicalabilities.

C)Encouragethemtoplayfast-pacedinteractivesports.

D)Advisethemtochoosejobsthatrequirequickreactions

PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectone

wordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Read

thepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthehankis

identifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet

2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmore

thanonce.

Researchers,writinginthejournalHeart,pooleddatafrom23studiesandfoundthat

socialisolationorfeelingsoflonelinessweretiedtoanincreasedriskofcoronaryheart

disease(冠心病)andstrokes.

Thestudiesincludeddatafrom181,006menandwomenages18andover.Therewere4,628

coronaryeventsand3,002strokesinfollow-upperiods26fromthreeto21years.

Threeofthepapers27loneliness,18lookedatsocialisolationandtwoincludedboth.

Socialisolationandlonelinessweredeterminedwithquestionnaires;theresearchersdepended

onmedicalrecordsanddeath28fordeterminingcoronaryeventsandstrokes.

Thescientistsfoundthatlonelinessandsocialisolationincreasedthe29riskof

havingaheartattackoradeathfromheartdiseaseby29percent,andtheriskofstrokeby32

percent.Therewereno30betweenmenandwomen.

“Peoplehavetendedtofocusfromapolicypointofviewon31lonelypeopleto

makethemmore32saidtheleadauthor,NicoleK.Valtorta,aresearchfellowatthe

UniversityofYorkinEngland.€6Ourstudy33thatifthisisariskfactor,thenweshould

betryingtopreventtheriskfactorinthefirstplace.,,

Theauthors34thatthiswasareviewofobservationalstudiesanddidnot35

causeandeffect.

A)acknowledgeF)establishK)produces

B)certificatesG)formatsL)ranging

C)connectedH)measuredM)relative

D)demonstratesI)narrowN)submitting

E)differencesJ)permanentO)targeting

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.

Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraph

fromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Each

paragraphismarkedwithaletter.Answerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletter

onAnswerSheet2.

Thehiddencostscollegesdon'twantyoutoknowabout

A)Thisfall,thousandsofcollegestudentsfromacrossthecountrywillbegintheir

undergraduatestudiesatcollegesaroundthenation.Theywillinevitablypacktoomuch

tofitintheirtinydormrooms.Theywillalsocanywiththemahugestudentloandebt,in

additiontocountless“hidden“out-of-pocketcostspaidforbytheirbankaccountsandthe

bankaccountsoftheirfamilies.

B)Atmywell-respected,private,four-yearuniversityinWashington,D.C.,whichboastsa

yearlytuitionof$44,046notincludingroomandboard,Ireceiveover$57,000yearlyin

financialaid.Asastudentfromafamilythatisstrugglingtomakeendsmeet,my

financialaidpackageisacombinationoffederalgrantsandfederalworkstudy,university

meritscholarshipsandfinancialaidawards,andabout$8,000yearlyinfederally

subsidized(有补贝占的)andunsubsidizedloans.Onpaper,myexpensesandmyfinancial

aidjustaboutevenout.Offpaper,theydon't.

C)Universitiestodayareinthebusinessofmakingmoney,andmineisnoexception.They

hitmerightoutofgatewitha$160feetoattendmyfreshmanorientation,apricewhich

doesnotincludethecostoftraveltoandfromtheDistrict.Almosteveryclasshasan

associatedfeenotincludedinthecostoftuition,mostbetweenS40and$100.Feesforlab

scienceclassesarethehighest,andallstudentsatmyuniversityarerequiredtotakeat

leastonelabbeforetheygraduate.Buyingalaptopprovedanecessityand,thankfully,a

relativeboughtmeoneasagift.Rentingamini-fridgeformydormroomcostsmy

roommatesandmeabout$140ayear.

D)Schoolswillchargeyouwhatevertheycan.Thecostsofanydamagetothedorm,

includingelevators,bathrooms,andcommonareas,arebilledtoeverypersononadorm

floor,oreventheentirebuildingiftheydonotknowwhocausedthedamage.AfterIfell

outofmybedtwiceduringmyfreshmanyear,theuniversityinstalledarailing—fbr$20,

billedtomystudentaccount.Myfinancialaiddidnotanticipateanyofthecostsandsoit

didnotcoverthem.

E)AnInternetsearchof“hiddencosts”ofcollegeturnsupahostofarticleson

parent-centeredwebsitesonthecollegeapplicationprocess.Thesearticlesarealmost

alwaysgearedtowardsupper-andmiddle-classfamilies.Forstudentsalreadystrugglingto

paytuition,thesecostsmaybetheleastoftheirworries.

F)Sowhathiddencostsshouldlow-incomestudentsreallybepayingattentionto?My

collegeexperienceoffersafewexamples.

G)Ifyouarealow-incomestudentwhowillbeattendingschoolout-of-state,makesureyou

knowifyoucanuseyourstatebenefits,suchastheSupplementalNutritionAssistance

Program,orSNAP.Itwasn'tuntilafterIhadacceptedadmissiontoanout-of^statcschool

thatIlearnedthatIcouldnotusemyOhioMedicaidoncampusforanythingotherthan

emergencycare.MybenefitsbecameinvalidthesecondImovedoutofOhio.Aftermy

freshmanyear,Ihadtooptfortheschool'sinsuranceplan,whichcostsaroundS2,000a

year.Evenifyourschooloffersaflat-ratefeeforadoctor'sappointmentatthestudent

healthcenter(mineis$20avisit),thesefeesoftendonotincludeextrafeesforlabtestsor

prescriptionmedications(药物).

H)Ifyouplanonpayingoffbillsinyourstudentaccountwithacreditcard,beawareofany

additionalcosts.Myschoolchargesanadditionalfeefortheuseofacreditcardtosettle

outstandingcharges,whichcanaddupwardsof3%ofthebalancetoyourbill.

I)Thereisanotherdepressingrealityhiddenwithineventhelargestfinancialaidpackages:

Collegesoftenofferthemostgenerouspackagesduringfreshmanyearasawaytoattract

newstudents.Myfamilywascarefultoaskaboutthechancesoffinancialaidbeingtaken

awayaftermyfreshmanyear.Wewereassuredthat,exceptforlowgradesoraraisein

familyincome,nomoneywouldbetakenaway.Wcdidnotknowtoask-andtheschool

didnotreadilypointout-thateveniftuitionrises,myfinancialaidpackagewillstaythe

same.Sowhenmyuniversityvotedtoraisetuitioncosts3%attheendofmyfreshman

year,myfinancialaidpackageremainedthesameandIwassuddenlyresponsibleforan

additional$1,200forthenextyear.Theuniversityadministrationwilllikelyvotetoraise

costsatleastoncemorebeforemygraduation.

J)Yes,Ichosetoattendanexpensiveuniversityfarfrommyhometown.Yes,therewere

cheaperoptions.Buttherearepromisingstudentsfromstrugglingfamiliesacrossthenation

whoshouldnotruleouttheirdreamschoolsentirely.Allthingsconsidered,Iampaying

significantlylessthantheticketpriceofmyuniversity,andhavinganeducational

experienceinWashington,D.C.,thatIwouldnothavehadanywhereelse.Asa

low-incomestudentfromadown-and-outRustBeltcommunity,theseeducational

experienceshaveenormouspotentialtobrightenmyfuture—andmyfamily'sfuture.

K)Thekeyistomakesurethatstudentsandtheirfamiliesunderstandthathiddencostsexist,

andthattheymayproveproblematic.Filloutamorecomprehensivechecklist,andbe

waryoflistedpricesthatseemtoolow.Understandjusthowcomplicatedthefinancialaid

processis.

L)Studentsandfamiliesmustalsounderstandtheirabilitytoself-advocate.Theyshouldnot

paystudentbillsorexcessfeesblindly.Ifsomethingdoesnotlookright,askaboutit.Ifit

stilldoesn'tlookright,negotiateit.Incaseswhereparentsareworkingmultiplejobs,are

lessknowledgeableaboutcollegebureaucracies,havelimitedEnglishlanguageskills,or

arenotcontributingfinanciallytotheirchild'seducation,theburdenofself-advocacywill

fallonthestudent.Iunderstandthedifficulty,andtheembarrassment.Butitisnecessary.

M)Inthegrandschemeofthings,however,collegesalsomustcometounderstandthatthe

hiddenfeestheyaskformayproveunmanageablefortheverykindsoflow-incomeor

first-generationstudentstheyarctryingdesperatelytoattract.

36.Students'financialaidremainsunchangedevenwhentuitionrises.

37.Studentsmaynotbeabletoenjoytheirstatebenefitswhentheygotocollegeoutofthe

state.

38.Thefinancialaidtheauthorreceivesissupposedtocoverallhercollegeexpenses.

39.Whenthepersonwhodamagesdormfacilitiesisnotidentified,studentsarerequiredto

sharethecost.

40.Thoughitisdifficultandembarrassing,studentsshouldmakeinquiriesaboutwhatfees

theyhavetopayandwhy.

41.Today,manyAmericanshavetogotocollegeonstudentloans.

42.Receivingeducationinaprivateuniversityinthenation'scapitalmaychangetheauthor's

futurelifeandthatofherfamily's.

43.Studentsmaynolongerbequalifiedforfinancialaidiftheyperformpoorlyinschoolorif

theirfamilyincomehasincreased.

44.Inadditiontotuition,collegestudentshavetopayextrafeesforthecoursestheytake.

45.Someschoolschargestudentsafeetotheirstudentaccountsforusingcreditcardstopay

bills

SectionC

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestions

orunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).

YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2

withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Towritehis2010book,The5-FactorWorldDiet,nutritionistHarleyPasternaktraveled

tothehealthiestcountriesaroundtheworldtoleammoreaboutwhatmadetheirmealsextra

nourishing.

HenotedthatJapanesepeopleateawonderfulvarietyofseaweeds,andthatChinese

peopletriedtoincludeatleastfivedifferentcolorsineverymeal.Pasternakalsocameaway

withsomevaluableobservationsabouthowdifferenttheNorthAmericanwayoflifewas,

comparedwithmanyothercountries.

Forstarters,Americanseatmuchbiggerportionsthanpeopleinothercountries.46We

don'tprioritizeeatingseasonallyorlocally,andwealsoaddlotsofsalt,sugarandthickening

agentstoourfoods,explainedPasternak.ContrastthattothehealthyMediterranean,Nordic

andOkinawandietslistedinPasternak'sbook.Theyallseemtosticktotheethos(特质)of

regional,seasonalproduce.

Forexample,atraditionalMediterraneandietincludesfruits,vegetables,wholegrains,

nutsandoliveoilasthemaincomponentsofnutritionalintake.Fish,chickenandredwine

makemoderateappearances,whileredmeat,saltandsugarareusedmuchlessoften.The

benefitsofatraditionalMediterraneandiethavebeenstudiedsincethe1970s,andresearchers

havefoundthatlivingthatoliveoillifecanhelppeopleloseweight,lowertheirheartdisease

riskandreversediabetes.

Mostotherhealthyeatingculturesalsomakemealsanevent-say,multiplecourses

aroundthefamilytable,oraglassortwoofredwineatalonglunch-asopposedtohastily

wolfingdownhandfulsofcerealabovethekitchensinkandcallingitdinner.

Eachofthehealthyeatingcultureshasitsownuniquefeature.ButPasternakdidtake

noteofoneunifyingfactorinallofthehealthysocietiesheobserved.tfcTheonlyoverlapping

featureinmostofthesehealthycountriesisthattheyallwalkwaymorethantheaverage

American,MsaidPasternak,fc6Soreally,regardlessofwhatyou'reeating,ifsomeone'swalking

fourmilesmorethanyoueachday,they'regoingtobealotthinnerandlivealotlongerthan

you.^^

46.WhatcharacterizesJapaneseandChinesefoods?

A)Variety.

B)Flavor.

C)Color.

D)Naturalness.

47.WhatistypicalofAmericansinthewayofeating?

A)Theyemphasizenutrition.

B)Theytendtoeatquitealot.

C)Theyprioritizeconvenience.

D)Theycareaboutflavors.

48.WhatfeaturesinMediterranean,NordicandOkinawandiets?

A)Fruitsandvegetables.

B)Oliveoilandredwine.

C)Seasonallocalproduce.

D)Unprocessedingredients.

49.Whatdopeopleinmosthealthyeatingcultureshaveincommon?

A)Theygetthewholefamilytoeatatatable.

B)Theyeattheirmealsregularlyandpunctually.

C)Theyconsumeplentyofcerealforbreakfast.

D)Theyattachgreatimportancetotheirmeals.

50.ComparedwiththeaverageAmerican,peopleinhealthysocieties.

A)walkatleast4milesaday

B)doconsiderablymorewalking

C)paymoreattentiontobodyshape

D)consumealotmoreorganicfood

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Recognizingwhenafriendorcolleaguefeelssad,angryorsurprisediskeytogetting

alongwithothers.Butanewstudysuggeststhatbeingsensitivetopeople'sfeelingsmay

sometimescomewithanextradoseofstress.Thisandotherresearchchallengetheprevailing

viewthatemotionalintelligenceisuniformlybeneficialtoitsbearer.

Inastudy,psychologistMyriamBechtoldtoftheFrankfurtSchoolofFinanceand

ManagementinGermanyasked166maleuniversitystudentsaseriesofquestionstomeasure

theiremotionalintelligence.Forexample,theyshowedthestudentsphotographsofpeople's

facesandaskedthemtowhatextentfeelingssuchashappinessordisgustwerebeing

expressed.Thestudentsthenhadtogivejobtalksinfrontofjudgeswhodisplayedserious

facialexpressions.Thescientistsmeasuredconcentrationsofstresshonnonesinthestudents9

saliva(唾液)beforeandafterthetalk.

Instudentswhowereratedmoreemotionallyintelligent,thestressmeasuresincreased

moreduringtheexperimentandtooklongertogobacktobaseline.Thefindingssuggestthat

somepeoplemaybetooemotionallycleverfortheirowngood,saysBechtoldt."Sometimes

youcanbesogoodatsomethingthatitcausestrouble,,9shenotes.

Indeed,thestudyaddstopreviousresearchhintingatadarksideofemotional

intelligence.Astudypublishedin2002inPersonalityandIndividualDifferencessuggested

thatemotionallyperceptivepeoplemightbeparticularlyinfluencedbyfeelingsofdepression

andhopelessness.Furthermore,severalstudieshaveimpliedthatemotionalintelligencecan

beusedtomanipulateothersforpersonalgains.

Moreresearchisneededtoseehowexactlytherelationbetweenemotionalintelligence

an