2024届高考英语完形填空宏观逻辑(12) 讲义素材

Inthesummerof2018,Idecidedtodoasoloexpedition(独自探险)acrossAntarctica.Togetsome41,Ididatwo-weektrainingcourse.Ilearnedallthe42:howtocampinthesnow,howtopullasledandwhatclothingtowear.InOctober,IflewtoAntarcticafromPuntaArenas.I’dallowed70days,whichwouldmakeitthelongest43one-wayexpeditionacrossAntarcticaIonlytook44.Ididn’teventakeahairbrush.Thefirstfewdayswere45.Thewindswereabout60mph,andmysledweighed120kg.Evenifthevisibilityisgood,youcan’t46much—it’sawhitehorizon.Iwasonthemovefor13to15hoursaday.Then,Ifoundtheconditionstobemuchworse.Therewasmoresastrugi(雪脊)anditfeltcolder.Thelast40hourswerereallyhard.I47about14timeseverytwohours.Asaresult,Ifellbehind48.Intheend,I49922milesandfellmorethan100milesshortofmygoal.Towardstheendofmytrip,ahelicopterflewtopickmeup.The50IfeltwhenIsawthedotinthedistancewasunbelievable.Ittookmeawhiletobe51ofwhatI’dachieved,becauseIhadfailedtoreachmy52goal,butI’velearnedit’s53tomovethegoalposts.Idon’tagreewiththeideaofconquering(征服)somewhere.Youtreatplaceswith54andhopethey’llallowyou55passage.【素材来源：湖南省雅礼中学2024届高三综合自主测试(一)英语试卷】41.A.donationB.experienceC.attentionD.rescue42.A.basicsB.risksC.benefitsD.aids43.A.cooperativeB.romanticC.unsupportedD.abnormal44.A.companionsB.necessitiesC.cashesD.credits45.A.pleasantB.calmC.toughD.lucky46.A.talkB.hearC.feelD.see47.A.felloverB.droppedoutC.lookedawayD.putup48.A.fundraisingB.supplyC.scheduleD.homework49.A.measuredB.designedC.searchedD.covered50.A.burdenB.reliefC.painD.anxiety51.A.proudB.skepticalC.shyD.ashamed52.A.insignificantB.unbearableC.disturbingD.initial53.A.regrettableB.unnecessaryC.acceptableD.inappropriate54.A.respectB.courageC.carelessnessD.coldness55.A.narrowB.safeC.limitedD.challenging【魔法带练】第一步，忽视空格，圈画关键词（实词，人名，数字），浏览全篇文章，概括大意。Inthesummerof2018,Idecidedtodoasoloexpedition(独自探险)acrossAntarctica.Togetsome41,Ididatwo-weektrainingcourse.Ilearnedallthe42:howtocampinthesnow,howtopullasledandwhatclothingtowear.InOctober,IflewtoAntarcticafromPuntaArenas.I’dallowed70days,whichwouldmakeitthelongest43one-wayexpeditionacrossAntarcticaIonlytook44.Ididn’teventakeahairbrush.Thefirstfewdayswere45.Thewindswereabout60mph,andmysledweighed120kg.Evenifthevisibilityisgood,youcan’t46much—it’sawhitehorizon.Iwasonthemovefor13to15hoursaday.Then,Ifoundtheconditionstobemuchworse.Therewasmoresastrugi(雪脊)anditfeltcolder.Thelast40hourswerereallyhard.I47about14timeseverytwohours.Asaresult,Ifellbehind48.Intheend,I49922milesandfellmorethan100milesshortofmygoal.Towardstheendofmytrip,ahelicopterflewtopickmeup.The50IfeltwhenIsawthedotinthedistancewasunbelievable.Ittookmeawhiletobe51ofwhatI’dachieved,becauseIhadfailedtoreachmy52goal,butI’velearnedit’s53tomovethegoalposts.Idon’tagreewiththeideaofconquering(征服)somewhere.Youtreatplaceswith54andhopethey’llallowyou55passage.【主题推导】这篇文章描写作者为了南极冒险做了一系列事情，是一篇记叙文，文章通过一系列的时间线索反映作者在独自冒险的心理反映。然而到最后作者利用最后一段发出人生的感慨。具体可以留意一下红色标注的时间状语。Inthesummerof2018,Idecidedtodoasoloexpedition(独自探险)acrossAntarctica.Togetsome41,Ididatwo-weektrainingcourse.41.A.donationB.experienceC.attentionD.rescue【选项分析】A选项donationn.捐赠物，捐赠，赠送Youcanofcoursehelpbygivingthemadonationdirectly.你当然可以通过直接给他们一笔捐赠来帮助他们。B选项experiencen.经历，往事；经验，阅历；传统Itwasaterrifyingexperience.那是一次可怕的经历。C选项attentionn.注意；注意力；照料；兴趣；立正；殷勤，关心Youhavemyundividedattention.我全部的注意力都在你身上。D选项rescuen.营救，救援；营救行动Wehadgivenuphopeofrescue.我们那时已经放弃了获救的希望。【逻辑分析】作者要报名2周训练课程不就是为了获得独自去南极旅游的经历Ilearnedallthe42:howtocampinthesnow,howtopullasledandwhatclothingtowear.42.A.basicsB.risksC.benefitsD.aids【选项分析】A选项basicn.基本要素，基本原则Waterisabasicnecessityoflife.水是一种基本生活必需品。B选项riskn.危险，风险；危险的人（或事物），隐患；Thereisnoriskofcontagion.没有接触传染的风险。C选项benefitn.好处，益处；救济金，补助金；额外奖励，保险金；慈善活动I'vehadthebenefitofagoodeducation.我得益于受过良好教育。D选项aidn.帮助；援助，救助；辅助物，辅助设施；助手Foodaidisurgentlyneeded.迫切需要食物援助。【逻辑分析】howtocampinthesnow,howtopullasledandwhatclothingtowear.意为如何在雪地里露营，如何拉雪橇，穿什么衣服。注意这个空考察的是句子复现；冒号后接同位语，所以，这里就是说冒险的基础知识。InOctober,IflewtoAntarcticafromPuntaArenas.10月，我从蓬塔阿雷纳斯飞往南极洲。I’dallowed70days,whichwouldmakeitthelongest43one-wayexpeditionacrossAntarctica43.A.cooperativeB.romanticC.unsupportedD.abnormal【选项分析】A选项cooperativeadj.合作的，协作的；乐于配合的；（企业或其他组织）合作性的Cooperativeactivityisessentialtoeffectivecommunitywork.要把社区工作做好，协作活动是必不可少的B选项romanticadj.（人）浪漫的，有情调的；（事物）富有浪漫色彩的Themovieisaromanticcomedy.这部电影是一个浪漫喜剧。C选项unsupportedadj.未经证实的；无支持的，无赞助的；无支撑物的；Theirclaimsareunsupportedbyresearchfindings.他们的说法并未能得到研究结果的证实。D选项abnormaladj.反常的，异常的，变态的；不规则的Theythoughthisbehaviourwasabnormal.他们认为他行为反常。【逻辑分析】Inthesummerof2018,Idecidedtodoasoloexpedition(独自探险)acrossAntarctica.2018年夏天，我决定进行一次穿越南极洲的单人探险(独自探险)。这个空考察的是主旨句的具象化的同义替换。既然独自旅行那肯定是没有支持的unsupported;而且下文提示one-wayexpedition单向探险.Ionlytook44.Ididn’teventakeahairbrush.A.companionsB.necessitiesC.cashesD.credits【选项分析】A选项companionn.同伴，伴侣；（受雇照料老人或病人的）陪护；成对的物品之一；同甘共苦的伙伴；Hewasagoodfriend,adependablecompanion.他是个好朋友，一个可以信赖的同伴。B选项necessityn.必需品，必需的事物；必要，需要；必然性，不可避免的情况Thereisagreementonthenecessityofreforms.关于改革的必要性有一致意见。C选项cashnoun.现金Howmuchcashdoyouhaveonyou?你身上带着多少现金？D选项creditn.信用，信贷，赊购；赞扬，信誉，声望；存款金额，余额Shewaschargedwithcreditcardfraud.她被控告信用卡欺骗罪。【逻辑分析】这个空格考察的是具象化的同义替换。Hairbrush头发梳子，作者认为这是非必要的；那么前面那个空格这不就是必需品，必要品。Thefirstfewdayswere45.45.A.pleasantB.calmC.toughD.lucky【选项分析】A选项pleasantadj.令人愉快的，惬意的；礼貌而友善的，和蔼可亲的Paulwasashy,pleasant,solitaryman.保罗是个腼腆的、讨人喜欢的、惯于独处的人B选项calmadj.镇静的，沉着的；平静的，稳定的；风平浪静的Themainthingistostaycalm.最重要的是要保持冷静。C选项toughadj.（物质，物体）坚韧的，坚固的；（政策或行动）强硬的，严厉的；吃苦耐劳的，坚韧不拔的；顽固的Itwasatoughbutcleangame.这是一场打得艰苦但却是规规矩矩的比赛。D选项luckyadj.幸运的，走运的；吉祥的Otheryoungstersarenotsolucky.其他的年轻人没有这么幸运。【逻辑分析】这个空考察的是具象化的同义替换。考察的形式有点像第42空，根据后文提示.Thewindswereabout60mph,andmysledweighed120kg.风速约为每小时60英里，我的雪橇重达120公斤。Iwasonthemovefor13to15hoursaday.我每天要忙活13到15个小时。可以推导这头几天的生活是艰难的tough.Evenifthevisibilityisgood,youcan’t46much—it’sawhitehorizon.Iwasonthemovefor13to15hoursaday.46A.talkB.hearC.feelD.see【选项分析】A选项talkv.说话，交谈，谈话；谈判，商讨；Wetalkedonthephoneforoveranhour.我们在电话里谈了一个多小时。B选项hearv.听到，听见；聆听，倾听；听说，得知；审理，听审；脑际响起；听明白Didyouheartheclockstrike?你听见钟响了吗？C选项feelv.感受到，体会到；觉得，相信；使人感觉……；察觉到，意识到；触摸；受到；摸索；有知觉，能感知Shesoundedmoreconfidentthanshefelt.她的语气听起来比她本人的感觉要有信心。D选项seev.看见，看到；有视力，看得见；看（电影或电视节目）；注意到，看出；了解，发现Shelookedforhimbutcouldn'tseehiminthecrowd.她在人群里找来找去，但没看见他。【逻辑分析】这里考察的是让步的行文逻辑，让步从句提到即使能见度visibility很好，也是看得不清晰，因为whitehorizon,全是白茫茫的一片所以D选项see当选Then,Ifoundtheconditionstobemuchworse.然后，我发现情况更糟了Therewasmoresastrugi(雪脊)anditfeltcolder.有更多的sastrugi(雪脊)，感觉更冷。Thelast40hourswerereallyhard.过去的40个小时真的很难熬。I47about14timeseverytwohours.47.A.felloverB.droppedoutC.lookedawayD.putup【选项分析】A选项fallover倒下；倒塌；摔倒Keepaneyeonyouryoungerbrother.Itiseasytofalloverwhenbabieslearntowalk.注意你弟弟，小孩子学走路时容易摔倒。B选项dropout退出；退学；掉落Herparentsworriedaboutherhealthandadvisedhertodropoutofschool,butXu'sanswerwasno.她的父母担心她的健康，建议她退学，但她的回答是否定的。C选项lookaway转移目光；扭头看别处；把脸转过去Shelookedathiminsuchdistressthathehadtolookaway.她如此忧伤地看着他，以至他不得不把目光转向别处。D选项putup举起；建造；挂起；张贴Cananyoneputupbailforyou?有人保释你吗？【逻辑分析】前文提到过去的40个小时是难熬的，为什么难熬的？不就是因为每两个小时我大概都会摔倒14次。后文提及作者落后fallbehind,也是指向作者摔倒了。Asaresult,Ifellbehind48.A.fundraisingB.supplyC.scheduleD.homework【选项分析】A选项fundraisingn.（尤指为慈善机构或政党而进行的）资金筹集，募捐Fundraisingistocollectorproducemoneytoacharitytohelpothers.筹款是为慈善机构募集或创造资金以帮助他人B选项supplyn.供给量，储备；（商品、服务的）供应量；供应，补给；生活必需品，Thereisanabundantsupplyofcheaplabour.有丰富的廉价劳动力供应。C选项schedulen.计划（表），进度表；<美>（公共汽车、火车等的）时间表；Ihaveahecticscheduleforthenextfewdays.我今后几天的日程紧得要命。D选项homeworkn.（学生的）家庭作业；准备工作；（尤指低酬劳计件活）在家里做的活计Howmuchhomeworkdoyouget?你有多少家庭作业？【逻辑分析】下文提及fellmorethan100milesshortofmygoal.离我的目标还差100多英里。所以可推导整个句子的意思是fallbehindschedule进度落后，这是固定搭配。.Intheend,I49922milesandfellmorethan100milesshortofmygoal.49.A.measuredB.designedC.searchedD.covered【选项分析】A选项measureverb测量；估量Aship'sspeedismeasuredinknots.船速以节测量。B选项designv.设计，制图，构思；筹划，制订；预定，指定She'sgoodatartanddesign.她擅长美术和设计。C选项searchv.搜查，搜寻；搜查Shewentintothekitcheninsearchof(=lookingfor)adrink.她进了厨房，想找点喝的。D选项coverv.覆盖，遮盖；包括，涉及；报道；Shecoveredherfacewithherhands.她双手掩面。【逻辑分析】这里考察的是动词与宾语的搭配，cover考察的是熟词僻义表示距离，比如：Bysunsetwehadcoveredthirtymiles.到日落时我们已走了三十英里。Towardstheendofmytrip,ahelicopterflewtopickmeup.旅行快结束时，一架直升机飞来接我。The50IfeltwhenIsawthedotinthedistancewasunbelievable.50A.burdenB.reliefC.painD.anxiety【选项分析】A选项burdenn.负担，责任；负重，负荷；船的载重量，吨位；（演讲、书或辩论的）主题，主旨HerdeathwillbeanimpossibleburdenonPaul.她的去世会成为保罗难以承受的负担。B选项relief宽慰；轻松；减轻；缓解Weallbreathedasighofreliefwhenheleft.他走了以后，我们大家都如释重负地松了口气。C选项painn.疼痛，伤痛；苦恼，悲痛；Shewasclearlyinalotofpain.她显然疼痛万分。D选项anxietyn.焦虑，忧虑；令人焦虑的事；渴望；焦虑症Somehospitalpatientsexperiencehighlevelsofanxiety.有些住院病人十分焦虑不安。【逻辑分析】whenIsawthedotinthedistancewasunbelievable当我看到远处的那个终点时，我感到难以置信。这个空考察的是时间的行文逻辑。因为作者看到了终点所以作者释然了。Ittookmeawhiletobe51ofwhatI’dachieved,becauseIhadfailedtoreachmy52goal,butI’velearnedit’s53tomovethegoalposts.51.A.proudB.skepticalC.shyD.ashamed52.A.insignificantB.unbearableC.disturbingD.initial53.A.regrettableB.unnecessaryC.acceptableD.inappropriate【选项分析】A选项proudadj.自豪的，得意的；令人自豪的；傲慢的，自负的；自尊的，自重的；Yourachievementsaresomethingtobeproudof.你的成就是值得骄傲的。B选项skepticaladj.不相信的，持怀疑态度的；（哲）怀疑论的，不可知论的Ifyou'restillskepticalaboutexercising,wecanonlyaskyoutotrustusandgiveitatry.如果你仍对锻炼持怀疑态度，我们只能请你相信我们，试一试。C选项shyadj.害羞的，腼腆的；显得腼腆的，看着羞怯的；（动物）易受惊的，胆小的；Theirsonwaspainfullyshy.他们的儿子非常害羞。D选项ashamedadj.感到羞愧，感到羞耻；羞于（做某事）Shewasdeeplyashamedofherbehaviourattheparty.她对自己在聚会上的行为深感羞愧【选项分析】A选项insignificantadj.微不足道的，无足轻重的；（人）无权无势的；无意义的Hemadeherfeelinsignificantandstupid.他使她感到卑微愚蠢。B选项unbearableadj.难以忍受的；承受不住的Theheatwasbecomingunbearable.炎热开始变得难以忍受。C选项disturbingadj.令人不安的，引起恐慌的Thenewspaperhasunearthedsomedisturbingfacts.报纸揭发了一些令人不安的真相。D选项initialadj.开始的，最初的；Theinitialreactionhasbeenexcellent.最初的反应极好。【选项分析】A选项regrettableadj.令人懊悔的，令人遗憾的Thelossofjobsishighlyregrettable.失去工作非常令人遗憾。B选项unnecessaryadj.不必要的；多余的，无用的Ihateunnecessarywaste.我憎恨不必要的浪费。C选项acceptableadj.可接受的，（大多数人）认同的；合意的，令人满意的；尚可的，勉强的；Itisbecomingmoreacceptableforwomentodrink.女性饮酒越来越为人接受。D选项inappropriateadj.不恰当的，不合适的Itisinappropriatesimplytothrowmoneyattheseproblems.只是用钱去处理这些问题是不适当的。【逻辑分析】51空考察的是习语搭配，beproudof对....自豪，其中的信号词就是ofwhatIhadachieved;52空考察的是动宾搭配，initialgoal最初的目标；fallbehindtheschedule落后日期=notreachtheinitialgoal;Idon’tagreewiththeideaofconquering(征服)somewhere.我不同意征服(征服)某处的想法。所以itisacceptabletomovethegoalposts.移动门柱是可以接受的Youtreatplaceswith54andhopethey’llallowyou55passage.54.A.respectB.courageC.carelessnessD.coldness55.A.narrowB.safeC.limitedD.challenging【选项分析】A选项respectn.尊敬，敬重；重视，尊重；方面，着眼点；问候，敬意Shepromisedtorespectourwishes.她保证尊重我们的愿望。B选项couragen.勇气，胆量Heshowedcourageinadversity.他在逆境中显示出了勇气。C选项carelessnessn.粗心大意Hiscarelessnesslosthimthejob.他粗枝大叶，丢了工作。D选项coldnessn.寒冷；冷淡Shewashurtbythecoldnessinhisvoice.他说话的冷漠语气让她很伤心。【选项分析】A选项narrowadj.狭窄的，狭小的；（想法、态度或信仰）狭隘的；勉强的，Heturnedintoanarrowstreet.他拐进了一条狭窄的街道。B选项safeadj.安全的，平安的；不损害（或危害）健康的；谨慎的；TheUNdeclareditasafearea.联合国宣布此处为安全区。C选项limitedadj.有限的；受限的；受宪法限制的；Wearedoingourbestwiththelimitedresourcesavailable.我们利用可获得的有限资源，尽最大的努力。D选项challengingadj.富于挑战性的，困难而有趣的；挑衅的，不赞同的Shedoesnotlikeanyonechallengingherauthority.她不喜欢任何人挑战她的权威【逻辑分析】54空的线索句是Idon’tagreewiththeideaofconquering(征服)somewhere.我不同意征服(征服)某处的想法。所以对待每个地方都是带有尊重；都会希望你安全通行；这也就是作者这次独自去南极的启发。第三步，再次回顾原文，逐个空根据关键词以及行文逻辑逐个验证，全文进行视译（视译：是不用动笔头只需要心里面过一遍译文就可以了）注意一下带颜色标注的线索词汇。Inthesummerof2018,Idecidedtodoasoloexpedition(独自探险)acrossAntarctica.Togetsomeexperience,Ididatwo-weektrainingcourse.Ilearnedallthebasics:howtocampinthesnow,howtopullasledandwhatclothingtowear.InOctober,IflewtoAntarcticaf