重庆市黔江中学2023-2024学年高二上学期10月考试英语试题

重庆市黔江中学校20232024年度高二上10月考试英语试题考试时间120分钟第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whattimeofyearisitrightnow?A.EarlyNovember.B.MidNovember.C.LateNovember.2.Whoisthemanprobablyspeakingto?A.Hismanager.B.Hiscolleague.C.Hisgrandmother.3.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthenewsstory?A.Amazed.B.Inspired.C.Confused.4.Whatwillthewomanhavewithherhamburger?A.Soup.B.Frenchfries.C.Salad.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Abook.B.Amovie.C.Awar.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7题。6.Whoisthewoman?A.Awriter.B.Asinger.C.Ateacher.7.Whathappenedduringtheconcert?A.Theaudienceshoutedloudly.B.Theperformancewasstopped.C.Allthelightswentoutsuddenly.听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10题。8.Wheredidthewomanstayduringherholiday?A.Inahotel.B.Inthemountains.C.Atafarmer’shouse.9.Whatwastheweatherlikeinthecountry?A.Fine.B.Rainy.C.Windy.10.Whattimedidthewomangethomethismorning?A.At4:30.B.At5:00.C.At9:00.听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13题。11.Whenwillthefirstcourseend?AOnJuly3.B.OnJuly20.C.OnAugust10.12.Howmuchisthesecondcourse?A£50.B.£500.C.£550.13.Whereisthemanfrom?A.England.B.France.C.Finland.听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17题。14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Colleagues.C.Schoolmates.15.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutthechange?A.Confused.B.Disappointed.C.Satisfied.16.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Attendconcerts.B.Gotoartgalleries.C.Visitsciencemuseums.17.Whatkindofmusicdoesthemanlikemost?A.Jazz.B.Classical.C.Country.听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20题。18.Whatisthepurposeofthestaffmeeting?A.TofindwaystohelpMrs.Smith.B.TohearhowMrs.Smithisdoing.C.Tofigureoutwhat’swrongwithMrs.Smith.19.WheredidMrs.Smithfeelthepain?A.Inherarm.B.Inherlung.C.Inhershoulder.20.HowlonghasMrs.Smithworkedatthepany?A.Overfiveyears.B.Aboutthreemonths.C.Lessthantwoweeks.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ADiscoverhowyoucanhelpendangeredspecies!VolunteertohelpconserveendangeredspeciesaroundtheworldwithGoEco.Seaturtles,SriLankaThespeciesisthreatenedbyhumanhunters.TheSriLankangovernmenthasapprovedthecreationofhatcheries(孵化场)inordertoprotectthisspecies.Volunteersonthisprogramspend60%oftheirtimeworkinginthehatcheryandtheother40%isspentonactivitiessuchasbeachcleanupsandcreatingawarenesswithinthelocalmunity.ProgramFees:$1,280for2weeksand$1,680permonthforvolunteers.WildlifeRescue,WesternAustraliaAdultkangaroosandwallabiesarehuntedforfood,leavingthousandsoftheirbabieswithoutparents.Manyarekilledorinjuredinroadaccidents.AtthewildliferescuecenterinPerth,WesternAustralia,volunteersliveandhelpinthebushlandcaringforsick,injured,anddisplacedanimals.ProgramFee:$2,095forfourweeks.Volunteersstayonsiteinasmallroom.Duetoverylimitedspace,applicationsmustbesentatleast912monthsinadvance.EndangeredSpeciesReserve,SouthAfricaTheprojectwillgiveyouanincrediblewildlifeexperiencewhilelearningaboutconservationefforts.Fortherestofthetimebetweenmonitoringsessions,volunteersarerequiredtoenterallthedatathattheyhavecollectedintoourdatabases.Attimes,volunteersneedtooperateonnightshifts.Wealsogivelecturesandpresentationsoverthelunchperiod.ProgramFee:$1,750for2weeksBigCatRefuge,SouthAfricaAsavolunteeronthisproject,youwillbeinvolvedinawidevarietyofactivities.Volunteer’sworkrangesfromenrichmentactivities,suchastoymakingandfarmwork,toeducatingthevisitors.Volunteerswillalsodirectlycareforthecatsbypreparingfoodorfeedingthemaswellasmaintainingtheirlivingspace.ProgramFee:$1,450for2weeks1.WhatisthemonthlyprojectfeeforvolunteersinSriLanka?A.$1,280. B.$1,680. C.$2,560. D.$2,960.2.WhatisrequiredofvolunteersfortheprojectinWesternAustralia?A.Havingpreviousexperience.B.Workingnightshiftssometimes.C.Applyingfortheprojectinadvance.D.Havingagoodknowledgeofwildlife.3.WhatcanvolunteersdofortheprojectBigCatRefuge?A.Studythehabitsofbigcats.B.Helptosellsometoysaboutcats.C.Guidevisitorstothehabitatofthecats.D.Dodailyroutinesinthecats’livingspace.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四项世界上不同地方保护动物的志愿活动。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Seaturtles,SriLanka部分中的“ProgramFees:$1,280for2weeksand$1,680permonthforvolunteers.(项目费用：2周1280美元，志愿者每月1680美元)”可知，在斯里兰卡做志愿者每月需支付的费用是$1680。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据WildlifeRescue,WesternAustralia部分中的“Duetoverylimitedspace,applicationsmustbesentatleast912monthsinadvance.(由于空间有限，申请必须至少提前912个月提交)”可知，志愿者要想参与在西澳大利亚的项目需要提前申请。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据BigCatRefuge,SouthAfrica部分中的“Volunteerswillalsodirectlycareforthecatsbypreparingfoodorfeedingthemaswellasmaintainingtheirlivingspace.(志愿者还将直接照顾猫，为它们准备食物或喂食，以及维护它们的生活空间)”可知，该项目的志愿者要在猫科动物生活的地方做一些照顾它们的日常工作。故选D。BNeardeathaccidentsandsummitfailureshavenotsloweddownmountaineerSarayN’kusiKhumalo.TheZambiabornmotheroftwoholdsacorporatejob,hostsapodcast,hasclimbedsomeofthetallestmountainsaroundtheworld,andstillhasthetimetorunanonprofitorganizationthatfocusesoneducationinAfrica.“Mygrandfatheralwaysusedtosay,‘ifyoudon’tlivealifeofservice,that’salifewasted,”shesaid.In2013,shefoundedSummitsWithAPurposeinSouthAfrica.Witheveryclimb,sheraisesfundstohelpbuildschoolsandlibraries.Khumaloisnotgoingtojustclimbandtakeaselfie.Sheisgoingtoclimbandthenmakeadifference.Notlongafterherfirsteversummit,sheturnedhereyestowardtheworld’stallestpeak:Mt.Qomolangma,locatedintheHimalayas.ThefirstthreeattemptsweretoughandheartbreakingforKhumalo:Sheexperiencedeverythingfromnaturaldisasterstolosingconsciousnessinthe“deathzone”,Qomolangma’stopstretchover8,000metersabovesealevel,whereoxygenisdangerouslylow.OnMay16,2019—herfourthbid—shesucceeded,beingthefirstBlackAfricanwomantoreachthesummit.Intotal,onlyeightofthe4,000peoplewho’veeversummitedQomolangmaareBlack.Khumaloishumbledbywhatshe’sachievedsofar,butshenotes,“Idon’tthinkthatI’vebrokenthosestereotypesyet;there’sstillalotmoreworktobedone,”addingthatrepresentationshouldextendbeyondthemountaintops,too.“It’snotjustaboutQomolangma;itisagiftthatweneedtoleaveforthenextgenerationwhereverweare,”shesays,callingonherpeerstostepoutsidetheirfortzonetoshowthatBlackpeoplebelonginallspaces.4.WhatcanweknowaboutKhumalofromparagraph1?A.Shesuffersfrominjuries. B.Sheisenergetic.C.Shelovesherfamily. D.Sheisstrugglingwithlife.5.WhydidshefoundSummitsWithAPurpose?A.Tomakeherselfrich. B.Tofulfillhergrandfather’swish.C.Toraisefundsforherclimbing. D.TocollectmoneyforAfricaneducation.6.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Herlifeexperiences. B.Thesuccessofherclimbing.C.Thehardshipinclimbing. D.TheconditionsoftheQomolangma’stop.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tointroduceamountaineerpioneer. B.Toshowarespectformountaineers.C.Totellthehistoryofmountainclimbing. D.ToattractmorepeopletoconquerMt.Qomolangma.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了登山者SarayN’kusiKhumalo，这位赞比亚出生的两个孩子的母亲在一家公司工作，主持播客，爬过世界上最高的一些山，还有时间经营一个专注于非洲教育的非营利性组织。文章介绍了她的个人经历以及取得的成就。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“TheZambiabornmotheroftwoholdsacorporatejob,hostsapodcast,hasclimbedsomeofthetallestmountainsaroundtheworld,andstillhasthetimetorunanonprofitorganizationthatfocusesoneducationinAfrica.(这位赞比亚出生的两个孩子的母亲在一家公司工作，主持播客，爬过世界上最高的一些山，还有时间经营一个专注于非洲教育的非营利性组织)”可知，Khumalo精力充沛。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“In2013,shefoundedSummitsWithAPurposeinSouthAfrica.Witheveryclimb,sheraisesfundstohelpbuildschoolsandlibraries.(2013年，她在南非创立了SummitsWithAPurpose——每次攀登，她都会筹集资金帮助建造学校和图书馆)”可知，她成立SummitsWithAPurpose是为非洲教育筹集资金。故选D。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Notlongafterherfirsteversummit,sheturnedhereyestowardtheworld’stallestpeak:Mt.Qomolangma,locatedintheHimalayas.ThefirstthreeattemptsweretoughandheartbreakingforKhumalo:Sheexperiencedeverythingfromnaturaldisasterstolosingconsciousnessinthe“deathzone”,Qomolangma’stopstretchover8,000metersabovesealevel,whereoxygenisdangerouslylow.(在她第一次登顶后不久，她就把目光投向了世界最高峰：位于喜马拉雅山脉的珠穆朗玛峰。前三次尝试对库马洛来说艰难而令人心碎：她经历了从自然灾害到在“死亡地带”失去意识的一切。珠峰的顶峰海拔超过8000米，那里的氧气含量低得危险)”可知，第三段主要讲了攀登的艰辛。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“NeardeathaccidentsandsummitfailureshavenotsloweddownmountaineerSarayN’kusiKhumalo.TheZambiabornmotheroftwoholdsacorporatejob,hostsapodcast,hasclimbedsomeofthetallestmountainsaroundtheworld,andstillhasthetimetorunanonprofitorganizationthatfocusesoneducationinAfrica.(濒临死亡的事故和登顶失败并没有让登山者SarayN’kusiKhumalo放慢脚步。这位赞比亚出生的两个孩子的母亲在一家公司工作，主持播客，爬过世界上最高的一些山，还有时间经营一个专注于非洲教育的非营利性组织)”结合文章介绍了她的个人经历以及取得的成就可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍一位登山先锋。故选A。CAnewanalysisofphotographsfromtheInternationalSpaceStationhasidentifiedashiftinthekindoflightingtechnologiesthatEuropeancountriesareusingatnighttobrightenstreetsandbuildings.ResearchershavefoundthattheoldwarmhighpressurestreetlightsarerapidlybeingreplacedbycoolerLEDlights.TheUniversityofExeterstudy,publishedinScienceAdvances,claimedthat“thisphenomenoniswidelyincreasingtheriskofharmfuleffectstoecosystems”.LEDlightingwaspromotedasbeingintendedtoreduceemissionsbutitsusagehasraisedenergyconsumption.Oneexplanationofthisisthattheincreaseinpowerefficiencyandtheassociateddecreaseineconomiccosthavedrivenincreaseddemandforlighting,therefore,anyefficiencygainshavebeencounteractedbyincreasedconsumptionoflight.Thestudyalsoclaimedthatpreviousresearchintotheeffectsoflightpollutionhaveunderestimatedtheimpactsofbluelightradiation.Chiefamongthehealthconsequencesofbluelightisitsabilitytoreducetheproductionofmelatonin(褪黑素)thatregulatessleeppatternsinhumansandotherorganisms.Scientificstudieshavewarnedthatincreasedexposuretoartificialbluelightcanworsenpeople’ssleepinghabits.TheincreaseinbluelightradiationinEuropehasalsoreducedthevisibilityofstarsinthenightsky,whichmayhaveimpactsonpeople’ssenseofnature.Bluelightcanalsoalterthebehavioralpatternsofanimalsincludingbatsandmoths,asitcanchangetheirmovementstowardsorawayfromlightsources.DavidSmith,oftheconservationcharityBuglife,said,“Lightpollutioncandramaticallyimpactanimals.Weshouldconsiderlightfromawiderbiologicalperspectivethanthatofjusthumansandfocusonbetterqualitylightingthatisharmoniouswithournaturalworld.Betterqualityandlowerlevelsoflightingwouldhelpsaveenergy,andlowerfinancialcosts,whilealsomakingourenvironmentsaferforlivingbeings.Authoritiescandimthelightsduringnighthours,andchangethebandwidths(带宽值)oftheirLEDbulbstoproducelessharmfulbluelight.”8.Whatisthephenomenondescribedinparagraph1?A.Therisingdemandforpubliclighting.B.TheincreasinguseofLEDlights.C.Oldstreetlightsproducinglotsofemissions.D.Artificiallightsatnightwastingmuchenergy.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“counteracted”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Judged. B.Maintained.C.Balanced. D.Strengthened.10.Inwhichaspectarepeopleinfluencedbybluelights?A.Sleeppatterns. B.Eyesight.C.Learningability. D.Socialbehaviors.11.WhydoestheauthormentionDavidSmith?A.Tostresstheimportanceofsavingenergy.B.TopersuadeauthoritiestoavoidusingLEDlights.C.ToshowwaysofimprovingthequalityofLEDbulbs.D.Toprovidesuggestionsonreducinglightpollution.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲LED灯背后的蓝光污染。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“AnewanalysisofphotographsfromtheInternationalSpaceStationhasidentifiedashiftinthekindoflightingtechnologiesthatEuropeancountriesareusingatnighttobrightenstreetsandbuildings.ResearchershavefoundthattheoldwarmhighpressurestreetlightsarerapidlybeingreplacedbycoolerLEDlights.TheUniversityofExeterstudy,publishedinScienceAdvances,claimedthat‘thisphenomenoniswidelyincreasingtheriskofharmfuleffectstoecosystems’.(一项对国际空间站照片的新分析发现，欧洲国家在夜间用来照亮街道和建筑物的照明技术发生了变化。研究人员发现，老式的暖高压路灯正在迅速被较冷的LED灯所取代。埃克塞特大学发表在《科学进展》上的研究声称，‘这种现象正在广泛增加对生态系统有害影响的风险’。)”可知,文章第一段描述了LED灯使用越来越多的现象。故选B项。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“LEDlightingwaspromotedasbeingintendedtoreduceemissions,butitsusagehasraisedenergyconsumption.Oneexplanationofthisisthattheincreaseinpowerefficiencyandtheassociateddecreaseineconomiccosthavedrivenincreaseddemandforlighting,therefore,anyefficiencygainshavebeencounteractedbyincreasedconsumptionoflight.(LED照明被宣传为旨在减少排放，但其使用增加了能源消耗。对此的一种解释是，功率效率的提高和经济成本的相关降低推动了对照明的需求增加，因此，任何效率的提高都被光消耗的增加所。)”并结合选项可推测,画线词所在句表示任何效率的提高都被增加的光消耗“抵消”了，C项意为“抵消,中和”。故选C项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Chiefamongthehealthconsequencesofbluelightisitsabilitytoreducetheproductionofmelatonin(褪黑素)thatregulatessleeppatternsinhumansandotherorganisms.Scientificstudieshavewarnedthatincreasedexposuretoartificialbluelightcanworsenpeople’ssleepinghabits.(蓝光对健康的主要影响是它能够减少褪黑激素的产生，而褪黑激素调节人类和其他生物的睡眠模式。科学研究已经警告说，增加暴露在人造蓝光下会恶化人们的睡眠习惯。)”可知，蓝光会影响人们的睡眠模式。故选A项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Lightpollutioncandramaticallyimpactanimals.Weshouldconsiderlightfromawiderbiologicalperspectivethanthatofjusthumansandfocusonbetterqualitylightingthatisharmoniouswithournaturalworld.Betterqualityandlowerlevelsoflightingwouldhelpsaveenergy,andlowerfinancialcosts,whilealsomakingourenvironmentsaferforlivingbeings.Authoritiescandimthelightsduringnighthours,andchangethebandwidthsoftheirLEDbulbstoproducelessharmfulbluelight.(光污染会对动物产生巨大影响。我们应该从比人类更广泛的生物学角度来考虑光，并关注与我们的自然世界和谐相处的更高质量的照明。更好的质量和更低的照明水平将有助于节约能源和降低财务成本，同时也使我们的环境对人类更安全。当局可以在夜间调暗灯光，并改变LED灯泡的带宽，以产生危害较小的蓝光。)”可知,DavidSmith表示光污染会极大地影响动物，作者引用DavidSmith的话语旨在为减少光污染提供建议。故选D项。DThisweek,GoogleresearcherspublishedapaperdescribingresultsfromanAItoolbuilttocreatemusic.Thetool,calledMusicLM,isnotthefirstAImusictooltobelaunched.ButtheexamplesGoogleprovideddemonstratemusicalcreativeabilitybasedonalimitedsetofdescriptivewords.SeveraldifferentmusicexamplesproducedbyMusicLMwerepublishedonline.Someofthegeneratedmusiccamefromjustoneortwoworddescriptions,suchas“jazz”,“rock”or“techno(高科技舞曲)”.Thetoolalsocreatedotherexamplesfrommoredetaileddescriptionscontainingwholesentences.Inoneexample,GoogleresearchersincludedtheseinstructionstoMusicLM,“Itisasoundtrackofagame.Itisfastpacedandupbeat,withacatchyelectricguitarriff(反复乐节).Themusicisrepetitiveandeasytoremember,butwithunexpectedsounds...”Intheresultingrecording,themusicseemedtokeepveryclosetothedescription.Theteamsaidthemoredetailedthedescriptionwas,thebetterthesystemcouldattempttoproduceit.TheMusicLMmodeloperatessimilarlytothemachinelearningsystemsusedbyChatGPT.ChatGPTandMusicLMbothrequirepowerfulputerstooperateplexmachinelearningmodels.TheSanFranciscobasedpanyOpenAIlaunchedChatGPTlatelastyear.ChatGPThasrecentlyreceivedalotofattentionbecauseofitsabilitytogenerateplexwritingsandothercontentfromjustasimpledescriptioninnaturallanguages.Suchtoolscanproducehumanlikeresultsbecausetheyaretrainedonhugeamountsofdata.Manydifferentmaterialsarefedintothesystemstopermitthemtolearnplexskillstocreaterealisticworks.However,theMusicLMresearcherssaidthereweresomeriskslinkedtothenewtool.Oneofthebiggestissuestheresearchersidentifiedwasbiases(偏好)presentinthetrainingdata.Abiasmightbeincludingtoomuchofonesideandnotenoughoftheother.Theresearcherssaidthisraisedaquestionaboutappropriatenessformusicgenerationforculturesunderrepresentedinthetrainingdata.12.WhatcanwelearnaboutMusicLM?AItisthefirstAImusictooltobelaunched.B.Itrequiresdetaileddescriptionsoffullsentences.C.Itcreatesmusicbasedonsimpledescriptivewords.D.Itgeneratesplexwritingsfromasimpledescription.13.WhatisthesimilaritybetweenChatGPTandMusicLM?A.Theycantaketheplaceofmusicians. B.Theyhavegainedmercialsuccess.C.Theydon'thaveanypracticaluseinlife. D.Theyarebasedonhugeamountsofdata.14.WhichofthefollowingisanissueoftheMusicLMmodel?A.Creatingmusicwithstrongbiases. B.Requiringtoomuchtrainingdata.C.Beingdifficultforsomepeopletouse. D.Producingmusicworkswithnocreativity.15.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ThefutureofhumanswithAI B.AnewAItooltomakemusicC.MusiccreatedbysomeAItools D.AIanditsfunctioninculturedevelopment【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了谷歌研发了一种叫做MusicLM的AI智能工具，这种AI工具可以根据书面描述和其他输入创建音乐。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“ButtheexamplesGoogleprovideddemonstratemusicalcreativeabilitybasedonalimitedsetofdescriptivewords.(但谷歌提供的例子展示了基于有限的描述性词语的音乐创作能力。)”和第二段中“SeveraldifferentmusicexamplesproducedbyMusicLMwerepublishedonline.Someofthegeneratedmusiccamefromjustoneortwoworddescriptions,suchas‘jazz’,‘rock’or‘techno(高科技舞曲)’.(MusicLM制作的几个不同的音乐示例在网上发布。一些生成的音乐仅来自一两个词的描述，如‘爵士’、‘摇滚’或‘科技’。)”可知，关于MusicLM我们能了解到它能根据简单的描述词创作音乐。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Suchtoolscanproducehumanlikeresultsbecausetheyaretrainedonhugeamountsofdata.(这些工具可以产生类似人类的结果，因为它们经过了大量数据的训练。)”可知，ChatGPT和MusicLM之间的相似之处是它们都是基于大量的数据。故选D项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Oneofthebiggestissuestheresearchersidentifiedwasbiases(偏好)presentinthetrainingdata.Abiasmightbeincludingtoomuchofonesideandnotenoughoftheother.(研究人员发现的最大问题之一是训练数据中存在的偏见。偏见可能是包括了太多的一方面，而没有足够的另一方面。)”可知，MusicLM模型的问题是创作带有强烈偏见的音乐。故选A项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Thisweek,GoogleresearcherspublishedapaperdescribingresultsfromanAItoolbuilttocreatemusic.Thetool,calledMusicLM,isnotthefirstAImusictooltobelaunched.(本周，谷歌研究人员发表了一篇论文，描述了一种用于创作音乐的人工智能工具的结果。这个名为MusicLM的工具并不是第一个推出的人工智能音乐工具。)”并结合全文可知，本文讲述了谷歌研发出叫做MusicLM的AI智能工具，这种AI工具可以根据书面描述和其他输入创建音乐。选项B符合主题，故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Householdchoreslikecooking,cleaning,washingthedishes,andmakingthebedareneverdone;theyjustgetrepeatedlikeabrokenrecord.Boring!___16___.Buttherearesciencebasedreasonsforchangingyourattitudetowardschores.Itturnsoutthatdoingchoresisgreatforyourhealth.___17___.Asresearchersstateinareport,doingundemandingtasksallowsthemindtowander.Yourmindgetsabreak,whichallowsyoutoconsideroldproblemswithneweyes.Infact,undemandingtasksstimulate(激发)morecreativeideasthandemandingtasksorjustresting.Choresarelinkedtoalowerdementia(痴呆)risk.Todiscoverwhatactivitiesmightbelinkedtoalowerrateofdementia,researchersanalyzedmassiveamountsofhealthcaredatafromtheUKBiobank.Theyfoundthatthosemostengagedinhouseholdchoreshada21percentlowerriskofdementiaparedtothoseleastengagedinchores.___18___.Finishingyourchorescanincreasemotivation.BJFogg,authorofTinyHabits:TheSmallChangesThatChangeEverything,statesthatthemostimportantskillisrecognizingandcelebratingsuccesses.pletingevenasmalltask,likemakingyourbed,cangiveyouasenseofsatisfaction.___19___.Similarly,authorAdmiralWilliamH.McRavenarguesthatifyouwanttochangetheworld,startoffbymakingyourbed.Choresaregoodforchildren’smentalhealth.Childrendevelopasenseofownershipwhentheyhavejobstodoaroundthehouseanditmakesthemfeelliketheyareanimportantmemberofthehousehold.___20___.Inmyowncase,Ibondwithmydaughterbygossiping(闲聊)andsingingwhilewedochorestogether.A.Choresareanopportunityfor“metime”B.ChorescanleadtocreativeproblemsolvingC.Thus,youfeelmotivatedtodealwithtasksoneafteranotherD.Inthisway,theycanbetaughttobeindependentandconfidentE.Likemanypeople,youmayregardchoresassomethingannoyingF.DoingchoreswithchildrenalsoimprovestheparentchildrelationshipG.Thisresultindicatedsimplechangescouldmakeadifferencetohealth【答案】16.E17.B18.G19.C20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是做家务可以给我们带来的好处。【16题详解】根据空前的“Householdchoreslikecooking,cleaning,washingthedishes,andmakingthebedareneverdone;theyjustgetrepeatedlikeabrokenrecord.Boring!(像做饭、打扫、洗碗、铺床这样的家务事永远做不完;它们就像坏了的唱片一样被重复播放。无聊！)”可知，此处讲述的是人们认为做家务是很无聊的事情，根据空后的“Buttherearesciencebasedreasonsforchangingyourattitudetowardschores.(但改变你对家务的态度是有科学依据的)”可知，改变对待做家务的态度是有科学依据的，其中的but可以推断，此空处讲述的仍是人们对做家务的态度是不好的，E选项“Likemanypeople,youmayregardchoresassomethingannoying(和许多人一样，你可能认为家务是件烦人的事)”讲述的是很多人认为做家务是件烦人的事情，与空前内容吻合，与空后内容为转折关系，符合逻辑。故选E项。【17题详解】分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的主题句，根据空后的“Asresearchersstateinareport,doingundemandingtasksallowsthemindtowander.Yourmindgetsabreak,whichallowsyoutoconsideroldproblemswithneweyes.(正如研究人员在一份报告中所说，做一些不费力的任务可以让人走神。你的大脑得到了休息，这让你可以用新的眼光来思考老问题)”可知，做一些要求不是很高的任务会让大脑得到休息，这样可以用新的思维考虑一些旧的问题。由此可知，此处讲述的是做家务之类的工作有助于解决问题，B选项“Chorescanleadtocreativeproblemsolving(家务琐事可以带来创造性的问题解决方法)”与空后的内容相吻合，且概括了本段的主题。故选B项。【18题详解】分析语篇可知，此处应是对上文内容的概括总结，根据空前的“Theyfoundthatthosemostengagedinhouseholdchoreshada21percentlowerriskofdementiaparedtothoseleastengagedinchores.(他们发现，那些做家务最多的人患痴呆症的风险比那些做家务最少的人低21%)”可知，研究发现，做家务较多的人比较少做家务的人患上痴呆的概率要低21%，G选项“Thisresultindicatedsimplechangescouldmakeadifferencetohealth(这一结果表明，简单的改变就能对健康产生影响)”中的thisresult指代的为空前的研究发现，且讲述的内容与本段内容吻合。故选G项。【19题详解】根据本段的主题句“Finishingyourchorescanincreasemotivation.(完成家务可以增加动机)”可知，本段讲述的是做琐碎的事情能增加你的动机，结合空前的“pletingevenasmalltask,likemakingyourbed,cangiveyouasenseofsatisfaction.(即使是完成一件小事，比如整理床铺，也能给你带来满足感)”可知，完成小事情能给人以满足感，C选项“Thus,youfeelmotivatedtodealwithtasksoneafteranother(因此，你会感到有动力去处理一个接一个的任务)”中的thus表明，此处内容与空前内容为因果关系，符合逻辑，且与本段的主题句吻合。故选C项。【20题详解】根据本段的主题句“Choresaregoodforchildren’smentalhealth.(做家务对孩子的心理健康有好处)”可知，本段讲述的是做家务对孩子的身心健康有好处，F选项“Doingchoreswithchildrenalsoimprovestheparentchildrelationship(和孩子一起做家务也能改善亲子关系)”讲述的是做家务能改善亲子关系，与本段的主题一致，且与空后的“Inmyowncase,Ibondwithmydaughterbygossiping(闲聊)andsingingwhilewedochorestogether.(就我自己而言，我和女儿在一起做家务时，通过闲聊和唱歌来建立联系)”讲述的作者的亲身经历内容一致。故选F项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)(改编)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ToddStabelfeldtcouldn’twaittomarryhistall,beautifulwifeKarenfouryearsago.Buthewasdeterminedthathedidn’twantherto____21____him.“Aspouse(配偶)shouldbeyourloverandyourfriend,____22____afreecaregiver,”saidStabelfeldt.Stabelfeldtisaquadriplegic(四肢瘫痪者)withnomovementbelowhisshoulders,buthedoesn’tspendtimefeeling____23____himself.Hetakeseveryopportunitytofind____24____—includinginhismarriagetoKaren.HespendsmostofhistimerunninghisITbusinessfromhishomeoffice,____25____hiswifearoundthehouse,andbuildinghischarity.Andit’sall____26____newsmarthomeandassistivetechnology.TechnologieslikeApple’s“Home”appallowStabelfeldtto____27____varioussmartaccessories(配件)inhishouse—fromdoorlockstolights.ThebestpartforStabelfeldt?Hecan____28____Apple’sintelligentdigitalassistantSiritoworkitall.Stabelfeldtcallsthistechnologyagamechanger.“Itnever____29____tomethatI’dhavetheopportunitytobemarriedandhavechildren.”Stabelfeldtcanletadeliverypersoninorout,oropenthedoorondemand.“WhenI’mcooking,Idon’thaveto_____30_____anddothosefunctions.Hecan_____31_____it,”saidKaren.“Technologyhaspletely_____32_____howToddcanoperateandwherehecanfunction.”“Newtechnologieshavegivenme_____33_____toprovethatI’ma(n)_____34_____man,”Stabelfeldtsaid.“Togetupeverydayandgotowork;Everybodyhasworth,andeverybodyshouldhavetheopportunityto_____35_____it.”21.A.carefor B.learnfrom C.talkabout D.keepupwith22.A.becauseof B.incaseof C.insteadof D.inspiteof23.A.surprisedat B.sorryfor C.afraidof D.proudof24.A.courage B.excitement C.independence D.passion25.A.assisting B.obeying C.guiding D.instructing26.A.accordingto B.alongwith C.asto D.thanksto27.A.control B.acknowledge C.improve D.hide28.A.persuade B.mand C.advise D.teach29.A.struck B.occurred C.hit D.thought30.A.prepare B.cease C.predict D.integrate31.A.accept B.introduce C.manage D.insist32.A.recorded B.described C.transformed D.determined33.A.objectives B.options C.ideas D.excuses34.A.honest B.valuable C.responsible D.lucky35.A.win B.remember C.show D.see【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.C25.A26.D27.A28.B29.D30.B31.C32.C33.B34.B35.C【解析】【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了科技的发展改变了Stabelfeldt——一位四肢瘫痪者的生活，使他有机会结婚生子，有独立生活、照顾自己的能力，成为一个有价值的人。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：但他下定决心不想让她照顾他。A.carefor照顾；B.learnfrom向……学习；C.talkabout谈论；D.keepupwith跟上。根据文章第二段“‘Aspouse(配偶)shouldbeyourloverandyourfriend,____2____afreecaregiver,’saidStabelfeldt.(Stabelfeldt说：“配偶应该是你的爱人和朋友，而不是一个免费的照顾者。”)”可知，Stabelfeldt不想让他的妻子照顾他。故选A。【22题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：配偶应该是你的爱人和朋友，而不是一个免费的照顾者。A.becauseof因为；B.incaseof以防；C.insteadof代替、而不是；D.inspiteof不管、尽管。根据前文“Buthewasdeterminedthathedidn’twantherto____1____him.(但他下定决心不想让她照顾他。)”以及本句中“Aspouse(配偶)shouldbeyourloverandyourfriend(配偶应该是你的爱人和朋友)”可知，Stabelfeldt不想让妻子照顾他，因为他认为妻子是他的爱人和朋友，而不是一个免费的照顾者。故选C。【23题详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：Stabelfeldt是一个四肢瘫痪的人，他的肩膀以下不能活动，但他没有花时间为自己感到难过。A.surprisedat对……感到惊讶；B.sorryfor为……感到抱歉、难过C.afraidof担心、害怕；D.proudof以……感到自豪。根据下文“Hespendsmostofh