冀教版语文四上《我有一个小小的书橱》教学课件

HYDROGENSULFIDESAFETYFOREMPLOYEESCORPORATESAFETYTRAINING29CFR1910.1200WELCOMEChemicalsintheWorkplace©HYDROGENSULFIDESAFETYFOREMYOURINSTRUCTORDanielHighsmithYOURINSTRUCTORDanielHighsmitBASISFORTHISCOURSEMillionsofworkersareexposedtohydrogensulfidehazards.HydrogenSulfideisverysafeundercontrolledconditions.Employeesmustunderstandthehazardsofhydrogensulfide.Eachyear,numerousaccidentsoccurwithhydrogensulfide.Safetycanbegreatlyenhancediftrainingisprovided.OSHAStandardsrequire:Hazardsbeassessed.Trainingbeconducted.Hazardsandprecautionsbeexplained.Emergencyresponsecapabilitybeestablished.BASISFORTHISCOURSEMillionsCOURSEOBJECTIVESProvideanIntroductiontotheToxicologyofHydrogenSulfide.DiscussHydrogenSulfide’sUsageinToday’sIndustry.DiscussGeneralTermsUsedinHydrogenSulfideSafety.DiscussMethodsofCompliancewithHydrogenSulfideSafety.DiscusstheRoutesofEntryIntotheHumanBody.DiscussAnyMedicalSurveillanceRequirements.DiscussPersonalProtectiveEquipmentRequirements.DiscusstheHazardsofHydrogenSulfideUpontheHumanBody.DiscussHazardRecognition&ControlSkills.COURSEOBJECTIVESProvideanIn1. ThiscourseIsdesignedtoprovideanovervieworrefresherforthespecificchemicaltopic.2. Instructornotesareprovidedwhereappropriateforcertainslides(youcanalsoaddyourownnotes).3. Reviewthe“notesmaster”forslideswherethe“notesicon”appearsatthebottomoftheslide.INSTRUCTORSNOTEINSTRUCTORSNOTECOURSECONTENTS1.BasisForTheCourse2.CourseObjectivesandRecommendedAttendees3.StudentLearningOutcomes4.CourseAttendees5.AffectedRegulations6.TrainingandRetrainingRequirements7.SynonymsAndTradeNames8.EmployeeExposureLimits9.PhysicalProperties10.HazardRatings11.HealthEffects12.BasicsOfToxicologyCOURSECONTENTS1.BasisForTCOURSECONTENTS13.FactorsInfluencingToxicAction14.ExposureTerminology15.FactorsAffectingExposure16.MethodsofCompliance17.ExposureControl18.BasicSafetyRules19.StorageRules20.ChemicalStorageSurveys21.GeneralStorageRequirements22.SpecificStorageRequirements23.QuestionandAnswerPeriod24.TipsForUsingContractors(Continued)COURSECONTENTS13.FactorsInWhyHydrogenSulfideSafetyIsImportant.TheBasicsofToxicologyasitRelatestoHydrogenSulfide.BasicSafetyPrecautionsRelatedtoHydrogenSulfideSafety.SpecificHazardsAssociatedwithHydrogenSulfideExposure.TheTrainingRequirementsAssociatedwithHydrogenSulfide.BasicStorageRequirementsastheyRelatetoSafety.TheUseofPersonalProtectiveEquipmenttoPreventExposure.STUDENTLEARNINGOUTCOMESUNDERSTANDTHEFOLLOWING:WhyHydrogenSulfideSafetyIsAnyEmployeePotentiallyExposedtoHydrogenSulfide.SafetyCommittees.DepartmentManagers.FirstLineSupervisors.AccidentInvestigationTeamMembers.COURSEATTENDEESAnyEmployeePotentiallyExpoFEDERAL-29CFR1903.1EMPLOYERSMUST:Furnishaplaceofemploymentfreeofrecognizedhazardsthatarecausingorarelikelytocausedeathorseriousphysicalharmtoemployees.EmployersmustcomplywithoccupationalsafetyandhealthstandardspromulgatedundertheWilliams-SteigerOccupationalSafetyandHealthActof1970.OSHAACTOF1970REGULATORYSTANDARDTHEGENERALDUTYCLAUSEFEDERAL-29CFR1903.1EMPLOYE

29CFR-SAFETYANDHEALTHSTANDARDS

1910-INDUSTRIALSAFETY

1200-HAZARDCOMMUNICATIONINDUSTRIALREGULATIONS29CFR-SAFETYANDHEALTHST

TRAININGREQUIREMENTSTheHazardsofHydrogenSulfide.TheUseofEquipment.WhatPPEIsNecessary.WhenPPEIsNecessary.TheLimitationsofthePPE.DecontaminationProcedures.EngineeringControlOperation.ProvideRetrainingAsRequired.CareandMaintenanceofEquipment.ClassificationofHazardousMaterials.TrainAllEmployeesPriortoJobAssignment.THEEMPLOYERMUSTPROVIDETRAINING

:TRAININGREQUIREMENTSTheHaClose-CallEvent.NewHazardorEquipment.ChangeinJobAssignment.NewHazardControlMethods.OccupationallyRelatedInjury.FailureintheSafetyProcedures.PermissibleExposureExceedance.ReasontoDoubtEmployeeProficiency.RETRAININGREQUIREMENTSREQUIREDWHENTHEREISA:Close-CallEvent.RETRAININGJOBSWITHPOSSIBLEHYDROGENSULFIDEEXPOSURES:USESOFHYDROGENSULFIDEINTHISFACILITYLETSDISCUSSSOMEOFTHEOPERATIONSATTHISFACILIITYWHEREHYDROGENSULFIDEISUSED.JOBSWITHPOSSIBLEHYDROGENSUHAZARDRATINGSANDTECHNICALDATA:TECHNICALHAZARDDATANOTE:HazardRatingsUsedinThisCourseMayDifferFromChemicalsUsedatYourFacilityBecauseofthePurityandSpecificMixtureoftheChemicalYouUse.RefertoYourMaterialSafetyDataSheetforSpecificHazardDatafortheChemicalsYouUse.TechnicalHazardDataUsedinThisCourseAreDerivedFromtheNIOSHGuideToChemicalHazards.HAZARDRATINGSANDTECHNICALDSYNONYMSANDTRADENAMES:SYNONYMSANDTRADENAMESHydrogenSulfideSewerGasSulfurettedHydrogenSYNONYMSANDTRADENAMES:SYNONEMPLOYEEEXPOSURELIMITS10ppm(c)15mg/m3NIOSH:20ppm(c)OSHA:WE’LLDISCUSSMOREABOUTEXPOSURELIMITSLATEREMPLOYEEEXPOSURELIMITS10ppmPHYSICALDESCRIPTION:PHYSICALPROPERTIESColorlessGasOdorofRottenEggsPHYSICALDESCRIPTION:PHYSICALHydrogenSulfide-(H2S)VaporDensity:1.2BoilingPoint:-77.00F.Color:ColorlessOdor:RottenEggsSolubilityinWater:0.4%RangeofFlammability:4.0-44.0%SPECIFICPROPERTIES:PHYSICALPROPERTIES(Continued)HydrogenSulfide-(H2S)SPECIRGasD-Relativedensityofgasesasreferencedtoair=1(Howmanytimesagasisheavierthanairatthesametemperature)VDGREATERthan1.0:Thevaporsareheavierthanairandlayinlowareas.VDLESSthan1.0:Thevaporsarelighterthanairandwillrise.VAPORDENSITY(RGasD):VAPORDENSITYOFHYDROGENSULFIDEIS:1.2PHYSICALPROPERTIES(Continued)RGasD-RelativedensityofgaKnowingwhetheravaporwillriseorfallinopenaircangiveyouvaluableinformationtodrawtoensuresafetyduringaleakorspillsituation.VAPORDENSITYISIMPORTANT:PHYSICALPROPERTIES(Continued)KnowingwhetheravaporwillrThepointwhenvaporpressureequalsatmosphericpressureliquidboils.Thecorrespondingtemperatureiscalledtheboilingpointofliquid.BOILINGPOINT:BOILINGPOINTOFHYDROGENSULFIDEIS:-77.00°FPHYSICALPROPERTIES(Continued)Sublimation

istheprocessbywhichasolidsubstancechangesintoagas,orvapor,withoutfirstbecomingaliquid.Thesesubstancesaresaidtosublime.ThepointwhenvaporpressurePHYSICALPROPERTIES(Continued)BOILINGPOINTISIMPORTANT:Knowingtheboilingpointletsyouknowwhenaliquidwilltransfertoavapor,orbegintodangerouslyexpandinenclosedcontainers.PHYSICALPROPERTIES(Continued)PHYSICALPROPERTIES(Continued)Theabilityofasubstancetodissolveinanotheriscalleditssolubility.Solubilitydependsonthechemicalpropertiesandtemperatureofthesubstancesoftheliquidsolution.Forgases,solubilityalsodependsonpressure.SOLUBILITY:SOLUBILITYOFHYDROGENSULFIDEIS:0.4%PHYSICALPROPERTIES(Continued)PHYSICALPROPERTIES(Continued)Gasesaresolubleinliquidssuchaswater.Webubbleairintoafishtanktoallowbreathing.Fishbreathesolubleoxygen.Carbondioxideputsthe“fizz”incarbonatedbeverages.Asodaleftopeninawarmroomwillgetflatquickly.Alloftheseobservationsaredependentuponthesolubilityofgasesinwater.SOLUBILITYOFGASESINWATER:PHYSICALPROPERTIES(Continued)PHYSICALPROPERTIES(Continued)SOLUBILITYISIMPORTANT:Knowinghowsolublealiquidisletsyouknowtowhatdegreethematerialwillmixwithotherliquidsinaspillsituation.Itcouldmeanthedifferentbetweendrainingamilliongalloncollectionpondorsimplyskimmingthesurfacetoremoveaspilledsubstance.PHYSICALPROPERTIES(Continued)FLAMMABLERANGE:PHYSICALPROPERTIES(Continued)Thenumericaldifferencebetweentheupperandlowerexplosivelimits.Inotherwordstherangethatthevaporsofaflammableliquid(whenignited)willburnwhenmixedwithambientair.FLAMMABLERANGE:PHYSICALPROPEPHYSICALPROPERTIES(Continued)UPPERFLAMMABLELIMIT(UFL)The“richer”pointatwhichamixtureofflammablevaporandairwillnolongersupportcombustionLOWERFLAMMABLELIMIT(LFL)The“leaner”pointatwhichamixtureofflammablevaporandairwillnolongersupportcombustionLFLtoUFL=THEFLAMMABLERANGEPHYSICALPROPERTIES(Continued)PERCENTAGEOFATMOSPHEREHYDROGENSULFIDEPHYSICALPROPERTIES(Continued)0%25%50%75%100%FLAMMABLERANGE-HYDROGENSULFIDE4.0-44.%4.0%44%PERCENTAGEOFATMOSPHEREHYDROGStrongOxidizersStrongNitricAcidMetalsINCOMPATIBLESANDREACTIVES:PHYSICALPROPERTIES(Continued)StrongOxidizersINCOMPATIBLESDOTName: HydrogenSulfideDOTHazard: ToxicGasDOTLabel: ToxicGas,FlammableGasDOTIDNumber: UN1053CASNumber: 7783-06-4DOTINFORMATION:PHYSICALPROPERTIES(Continued)DOTName: HydrogenSulfideDOTPHYSICALPROPERTIES(Continued)ThepHofaLiquidIstheNumericalMeasureofItsRelativeAcidityorAlkalinity.

RangeIsFrom0-14NeutralLevelExpressed7.0Above7.0LiquidIsMoreAlkalineorBasicBelow7.0LiquidIsMoreAcidicpHINFORMATION:PHYSICALPROPERTIES(Continued)PHYSICALPROPERTIES(Continued)pHINFORMATION:PHYSICALPROPERTIES(Continued)CHECKFORCOMPATIBILITYWITHEACHOTHER!PHYSICALPROPERTIES(Continued)+=????CHECKFORCOMPATIBILITYWITHECHECKFORCOMPATIBILITYWITHYOU!PHYSICALPROPERTIES(Continued)+=???CHECKFORCOMPATIBILITYWITHYHAZARDRATINGSYSTEMSTWOSYSTEMSNFPA -NATIONALFIREPROTECTIONASSOCIATIONHMIS -NATIONALPAINTANDCOATINGSASSOCIATION -HAZARDOUSMATERIALIDENTIFICATIONSYSTEMHAZARDRATINGSYSTEMSTWOSYSTE

HMIS

NFPA4SEVERE 4EXTREME3SERIOUS 3HIGH2MODERATE 2MODERATE1SLIGHT 1SLIGHT0MINIMAL 0INSIGNIFICANTFIVEHAZARDLEVELSHAZARDRATINGSYSTEMS(Continued)HMIS403FIREHAZARDREACTIVITYSPECIFICHAZARD(WATERREACTIVE)HEALTHHAZARDFIVENFPAHAZARDLEVELS-4EXTREME-3HIGH-2MODERATE-1SLIGHT-0INSIGNIFICANTHAZARDRATINGFORHYDROGENSULFIDE403FIREHAZARDREACTIVITYSPECIBurningofeyes,nose,andthroat.Dizziness.Coughing,Choking.Headache.Breathingdifficulty.COMMONSYMPTOMSOFHYDROGENSULFIDEEXPOSURE:(Continued)HEALTHEFFECTSOFHYDROGENSULFIDEEXPOSURECOMMONSYMPTOMSOFHYDROGENSUEMERGENCYACTIONSIFLEAKISDETECTED:Stayoutofleakareaandavoiddownwindareas.Notifyfellowemployeesinthearea.Callemergencyresponsepersonnel.Getto,andstayupwind.Followlocalemergencyprocedures.(Continued)HEALTHEFFECTSOFHYDROGENSULFIDEEXPOSUREEMERGENCYACTIONSIFLEAKISDEMERGENCYACTIONSIFLEAKISDETECTED:EyeContact:Irrigateimmediatelyfor15minutes,seekmedicalhelp.Ingestion/Inhalation:Gettocleanair,seekmedicalhelp.SkinContact:Washskinwithsoapandwaterforatleast15minutes.(Liquefied)Warmfrostbitewithwarmwater.Seekmedicalhelp.(Continued)HEALTHEFFECTSOFHYDROGENSULFIDEEXPOSUREEMERGENCYACTIONSIFLEAKISDLETSDISCUSSSOMEOFTHETERMSTHATWILLBEHELPFULINUNDERSTANDINGTHEAFFECTSOFHYDROGENSULFIDEONYOURBODY.BASICSOFTOXICOLOGYLETSDISCUSSSOMEOFTHETERMS“ALLTHINGSAREPOISONS,ORTHEREISNOTHINGWITHOUTPOISONOUSQUALITIES.ITISONLYTHEDOSEWHICHMAKESATHINGPOISON.”PARACELSUS(1493-1541)(Continued)BASICSOFTOXICOLOGY“ALLTHINGSAREPOISONS,ORTH

Ignitability IsFlammableorCombustible.

Reactivity CanReactWithItselforOtherMaterials.

Corrosivity CanDeteriorateAnotherSubstance.

Toxicity InItsNormalStateIsHarmfultoLivingThings.(Continued)BASICSOFTOXICOLOGYEXPOSURETERMINOLOGYHazardousMaterialAMaterialThatFallsIntoOneorMoreOftheFollowingCategories.HazardousMaterialsCanHaveOneorManyCharacteristicsThatCanAddtotheIntensityoftheToxicActionofaParticularSolid,Liquid,orGas.Ignitability IsFlammableorTheTypeofSubstance.TheAmount(Dose)Absorbed.ThePeriodofTimeOverWhichItIsAbsorbed.TheSusceptibility/SensitivityofthePersonExposed.EVERYTHINGISTOXIC;ITALLDEPENDSONTHEDOSE.HowWelltheBodyAcceptsaSubstanceDependson:(Continued)BASICSOFTOXICOLOGYTheTypeofSubstance.EVERYTHTHEPRIMARYROUTEFORHYDROGENSULFIDE(Continued)BASICSOFTOXICOLOGYINHALATIONABSORPTIONTHEPRIMARYROUTEFORHYDROGENFOURPRIMARYROUTESINTOTHEBODY(Continued)BASICSOFTOXICOLOGYINHALATIONINGESTIONABSORPTIONINJECTIONFOURPRIMARYROUTESINTOTHEBBreathingandsmokingcausesustoinhalesubstanceswhichenterthelungs.Substancesinhaledintothelungscausescarringofthelungsorarereadilyabsorbedintothebloodstream.INHALATION(Continued)BASICSOFTOXICOLOGY

INHALATIONINGESTIONABSORPTIONINJECTIONBreathingandsmokingcausesuSwallowingasubstancecausespenetrationintothebloodstreamviathestomachandsmallintestine.INGESTION(Continued)BASICSOFTOXICOLOGYINHALATION

INGESTIONABSORPTIONINJECTIONSwallowingasubstancecausesEnteringthebodythroughtheskincausessubstancestoenterthebloodstreamataslowerratethanbyinhalation.However,theresultingentryanddistributionwithinthebodyisthesame.ABSORPTION(Continued)BASICSOFTOXICOLOGYINHALATIONINGESTION

ABSORPTION

INJECTIONEnteringthebodythroughtheInjectionoccurswhensubstancesareforcedthroughthisskin.Thiscanoccurasaresultofsuchmeansascompressedgas,orbyhavingtheskinabradedbyapenetratingobject.INJECTION(Continued)BASICSOFTOXICOLOGYINHALATIONINGESTIONABSORPTION

INJECTIONInjectionoccurswhensubstanc(Continued)BASICSOFTOXICOLOGYTLV-ThresholdLimitValue:Oneofthreecategoriesofchemicalexposurelevels:TLV-TWA,TLV-STELorTLV-C.TLV-TWA:ThresholdLimitValueTime-WeightedAverage:Thetimeweightedaverageconcentrationforanormal8-hourworkdayanda40hourworkweektowhichnearlyallworkersmayberepeatedlyexposedwithoutadverseeffect.NOTE:TLVshouldbeusedasanexposureguideratherthananabsolute.Aphysicianhasthefinalword.(Continued)BASICSOFTOXICOLOG(Continued)BASICSOFTOXICOLOGYTLV-STEL:ThresholdLimitValue-ShortTermExposureLimit:A15minutetime-weightedaverageexposurethatshouldnotbeexceededatanytimeduringtheworkday.TLV-C:ThresholdLimitValue-Ceiling:Theconcentrationthatshouldnoteverbeexceeded,eveninstantaneously.(Continued)BASICSOFTOXICOLOGRATEOFENTRY.STATEOFHEALTH.AGEOFINDIVIDUAL.ROUTEOFEXPOSURE.PREVIOUSEXPOSURELEVELS.WORKPLACEENVIRONMENTALFACTORS.INDIVIDUALSUSCEPTIBILITYANDHEREDITY.FACTORSINFLUENCINGTOXICACTIONRATEOFENTRY.FACTORSINFLUEEXPOSURETERMINOLOGY

AcuteExposure:UsuallyMinutes,HoursorSeveralDays.

ChronicExposure:RegularExposureOverMonths,Years,oraLifetime.TheToxicityoftheChemicalorMaterialCombinedWiththeSusceptibilityoftheIndividual,DeterminesWhethertheExposureIsAcuteorChronic.EXPOSURETERMINOLOGYAcuteEx(Continued)EXPOSURETERMINOLOGYLatentExposure:Aninjuryordiseasethatremainsundevelopeduntilanincubationperiodhaselapsed.Theperiodoftimecouldbehours,days,monthsoryears.TheToxicityoftheChemicalorMaterialCombinedWiththeSusceptibilityoftheIndividualIsaKeyFactor.(Continued)EXPOSURETERMINOLOGFACTORSAFFECTINGEXPOSURE

TheAmountEnteringtheBody.TheLengthofTimeofExposure.TheRateofAbsorptionIntotheBlood.ThePhysicalNatureoftheChemical.TheChemicalNatureoftheChemical.TheAgeoftheIndividual.TheHealthoftheIndividual.FACTORSAFFECTINGEXPOSURETheMethodsofComplianceInclude:ImplementationofaWrittenProgram.EstablishmentofBestWorkPractices.EstablishmentofEngineeringControls.EstablishmentofAdministrativeControls.RegularEvaluationofMechanicalSafetySystems.EvaluationofEachFacilityWhereHydrogenSulfideisUsed.UseofPersonalProtectiveEquipmentAsaLastResort.On-GoingReviewoftheProgramsEffectiveness.METHODSOFCOMPLIANCEGENERALTYPESOFCONTROLS:MethodsofComplianceInclude:CONSISTSOF:ENGINEERINGCONTROLS:Designandinstallationofnewormodifiedsafetycontrolsystems.Detailedpreventativemaintenanceprogramsforonsitemaintenanceactivities.Properplacementofstoragesystemstoreducepotentialeffectsduringemergencies.(Continued)METHODSOFCOMPLIANCECONSISTSOF:ENGINEERINGCONTROADMINISTRATIVECONTROLS:AssignmentofResponsibility.SupportFromUpperManagement.On-SiteSafetyInspectionsandAudits.WrittenPolicies-EstablishmentofSiteSafetyProtocols.Training-JobSpecificTrainingPrograms.Checklists-JobSpecificSafetyChecklists.PlacementofWarningSignsandEmployeeInformation.METHODSOFCOMPLIANCE(Continued)ADMINISTRATIVECONTROLS:AssignPROTECTIVEEQUIPMENTANDCLOTHING:GENERALREQUIREMENTS:Fullbodyskinprotectionforpotentiallyexposedworkers.Properglovestopreventhandexposure.AdequateEyeandFaceProtection.Fullbodyprotectionfromextremecold.METHODSOFCOMPLIANCE(Continued)PROTECTIVEEQUIPMENTANDCLOTHVehicleSafety:AdequateProtectionAgainstAccidentalVehicleCollisions.PrePlannedTrafficRoutingforForkliftsandOtherVehicles.ControlofGas/ChemicalMaterialsinStorageAreas:PeriodicInspectionofProcessandStorageAreas.AdherencetoSafeDistanceRequirementsforCombustibleMaterials.WasteandEmptyContainerManagement:CollectionandDisposalofEmptyContainers.Storageandhandlingof“Like”ContainersforDisposal.HOUSEKEEPINGINPROCESS/STORAGEAREAS:METHODSOFCOMPLIANCE(Continued)VehicleSafety:HOUSEKEEPINGINSupervisorswillmaintainthefollowingforeachjob:EXPOSURECONTROLEXPOSUREINFORMATION:Adescriptionofeachjob.Alistoftoolsormachineryusedinthejob.Typesofmaterialsprocessed.Exposurecontrolsthatareinplace.Crewsize(ifapplicable).Employeejobresponsibilities.Safetycontrolsspecifictothejob.Operatingproceduresspecifictothejob.Maintenancepracticesspecifictothejob.SupervisorswillmaintaintheMeanstoAchieveSafetyCompliance:EXPOSUREINFORMATION:(Continued)Eachjobwherehydrogensulfideisusedwillhaveawrittendescriptionofthespecificmeansthatwillbeemployedtoachievecompliance,includingengineeringplansandstudiesusedtodeterminemethodsselectedforcontrollingsafetyofhydrogensulfide.Ensuringemployeesarefamiliarwithwrittensafetypolicies.EXPOSURECONTROLMeanstoAchieveSafetyCompliBASICSAFETYRULESTHEBIGTHREE:Oxidizers:Mustnotbeusedincontactwithoils,greasesorotherhydrocarbons.Flammables:Mustnotbeexposedtoflames,sparksorarcsincludingstaticelectricity,hotsurfacesoroxidizers.

NonFlammables:Mustnotbeallowedtodisplaceairinworkareasothatthereisinsufficienthydrogensulfideforbreathing.BASICSAFETYRULESTHEBIGTHREFILLINGOFCYLINDERS:Cylinders/containersmaynotbefilledexceptbythesupplierorwiththesupplier’sconsent.WherefillingisauthorizeditmustbeaccomplishedinstrictaccordancewithDOT,OSHAandCGAregulations.Forbulkcontainers,ensurecontractorsarefamiliarwithsite-specificsafetyrequirements.Reviewtheirproceduresthoroughly.BASICSAFETYRULES(Continued)FILLINGOFCYLINDERS:CylindersCONTENTIDENTIFICATION:Neverassumeyouknowwhatitis!Assuming(withgases)getsyoudead!Labelsmustbelegibleatalltimes.Labelsmaynotbealteredorremoved.Labelsmaynotbebypassed,ignored,orotherwisedefeated.Labelsmustbeunderstoodbyall.Nonlegible/missinglabelsmustbereported.BASICSAFETYRULES(Continued)CONTENTIDENTIFICATION:NeveraCONTENTIDENTIFICATION:Labelsandtheirmeansofattachmentmustwithstandtheirnormaloperatingenvironment.Labelsmayevokeafalsesenseofsecurity,andtheirmeaningneedstobeunderstood.Labelsmustbesecurelyattachedtocylinderssothattheycannotbeinadvertentlyoraccidentallydetachedduringuse.Eachcontainermustbeartheproperlabelforthegascontained.ContinuedBASICSAFETYRULES(Continued)CONTENTIDENTIFICATION:LabelsPAINTINGCYLINDERS/CONTAINERS:Containersmaynotbepainted.Paintingmaycovercylinderdefects.Containersshowingsignsofcorrosionmustberemovedfromserviceandreturnedtothesupplier.Neverrelysolelyonthecylindercolorforidentification.BASICSAFETYRULES(Continued)PAINTINGCYLINDERS/CONTAINERS:LEAKINGANDDEFECTIVECYLINDERS:Neverunderestimatethehazard!Notifyco-workersofthehazard.Considerevacuationofthearea.Evacuatetoopenair,up-windorside-wind.Reportthecontents,location,situation.Beginrolecalltoaccountforco-workers.Donotreturntoworkuntilall-clearisgiven.BulkContainers-followestablishedprocedures.BASICSAFETYRULES(Continued)LEAKINGANDDEFECTIVECYLINDERCYLINDERUSAGEREQUIREMENTS:Verifycontentsbeforetransportingorusing.Keepcylindercapsonuntilreadytoconnect.Keepvalvecapsonuntilreadytouse.Neveruseasadoorstop.Neverunderestimatethehazard.BulkContainers-followestablished procedures.BASICSAFETYRULES(Continued)CYLINDERUSAGEREQUIREMENTS:VeMOVEMENTOFCOMPRESSEDGASCYLINDERS:Neverhandleroughly.Neverusemagneticliftingdevices.Neverliftbyvalvesorcylindercaps.Neverroll,drag,orslidethecylinder.Alwaysuseahand-truck,forktrucketc.Cradles,ropes,chains,orslingsareprohibited fromuseunlesslugsorliftingattachments areprovidedbythemanufactureraswith bulkcontainers.BASICSAFETYRULES(Continued)MOVEMENTOFCOMPRESSEDGASCYLSTORAGEREQUIREMENTS(GENERAL):“NoSmoking”signsmustbeposted.Thenameofthegasmustbeposted.Specifichazardsmustbeposted.Containersmustbestoredupright.Gasesmustbestoredwithlikegases.Donotinterminglefullandemptycontainers.Theoldestmaterialmustbeusedfirst.Storedonlyonstablesurfaces.Somegasesmustalwaysbeshadedfromsun.BulkContainers-followestablishedprocedures.BASICSAFETYRULES(Continued)STORAGEREQUIREMENTS(GENERAL)STORAGEROOMS(GENERAL):Mustbedry.Mustnotexceed125F.Mustbewellventilated.Shouldbeprotectedfromtampering.Localfireinspectorsshouldevaluate.NFPAguidelinesshouldbereviewed.Subsurfacestorageshouldbeavoided.Shouldbeoffire-resistiveconstruction.BASICSAFETYRULES(Continued)STORAGEROOMS(GENERAL):MustbSTORAGEROOMS(GENERAL):Cylinders-Mustnotimpedeemergencyegress.-Cannotbelocatednearexits.-Cannotbelocatednearstairs.Mustbesecuredtopreventtoppling.BulkContainers-followestablishedprocedures.BASICSAFETYRULES(Continued)STORAGEROOMS(GENERAL):CylindOUTDOORSTORAGE(GENERAL):Bottomsmustbeprotectedfromcorrosion.Mustbesecuredtopreventtoppling.Mustbeshadedinextremetemperatures.Somegasesmustalwaysbeshadedfromsun.Shouldbeoffire-resistiveconstruction.Shouldbeprotectedfromtampering.Localfireinspectorsshouldevaluate.NFPAguidelinesshouldbereviewed.BulkContainers-followestablishedprocedures.BASICSAFETYRULES(Continued)OUTDOORSTORAGE(GENERAL):BottGENERALINSPECTIONCRITERIA:BASICSAFETYRULES(Continued)INSPECTFOR: POSSIBLERESULT:Dents WeakeningofcylinderwallCreviceCorrosion WeakeningofcylinderwallBulges WeakeningofcylinderwallARC/TorchBurns WeakeningofcylinderwallCuts,GougesorDigs DecreaseinwallthicknessCorrosion DecreaseinwallthicknessPitting DecreaseinwallthicknessNeckDefects LeakorcylinderexplosionValveEase-Of-Movement CorrosionleadingtoleakValveThreadServiceability LeakduringoperationGENERALINSPECTIONCRITERIA:BAPRE-OPERATIONSAFETYRULES:Ifyou’renottraineddon’ttouchit!ReadtheMaterialSafetyDataSheetbeforeuse.Ensurean“InUse”labelispresent.Ensurealllabels/warningsarereadable.Placeuprightonstabledrysurface.Ensurecylinderisrestrainedabovemidpoint.Keepheat,flame,&electricalsourcesfromgas.Useinaccordancewithestablishedprocedures.BulkContainers-followestablishedprocedures.BASICSAFETYRULES(Continued)PRE-OPERATIONSAFETYRULES:IfPOST-OPERATIONSAFETYRULES:Ifyou’renottraineddon’ttouchit!ReadtheMaterialSafetyDataSheetbeforeuse.Ensurean“Empty”labelispresent.Closevalvecompletelyandcapcylinder.Removefromoperation(establishedprocedures).Transportcylinderusingestablishedprocedures.Placein“EmptyContainer”storagearea.Ensure“Empty”labelisreadable.BulkContainers-followestablishedprocedures.BASICSAFETYRULES(Continued)POST-OPERATIONSAFETYRULES:IfSTORAGERULESREQUIREMENTSFORSTORAGEDEPENDGREATLYUPONYOURSITEREQUIREMENTS.YOURLOCALFIREINSPECTORHASTHEFINALWORDONYOURSPECIFICSTORAGENEEDS.STORAGERULESREQUIREMENTSFORSTORAGESURVEYS:OSHA,NFPA,andEPAimpactstoragerequirements.Staterequirementsmayalsoaddtocomplexity.Thelocalfireinspectorhasthefinalsay.Chemicalstoragerequirementsvaryfromsitetosite.Surveyscanmeanextensivefacilitymodifications.Allaffectedpersonnelareencouragedtoprovideinput.Storagedisciplineiscriticaltofacilitysafety.CHEMICALSTORAGESURVEYSSTORAGESURVEYS:OSHA,NFPA,anSTORAGESURVEYS:Storagefacilitiesmustasaminimumaddressthefollowing: -Containersegregation. -Intrinsicallysafelighting. -Leakcontainmentissues. -Ventilationissues. -Signageissues -Designspecifications. -Responderissues -Employeetrainingissues.CHEMICALSTORAGESURVEYSSTORAGESURVEYS:StoragefaciliSTORAGEREQUIREMENTS(GENERAL):Storedonlyonstablesurfaces.Specifichazardsmustbeposted.Containersmustbestoredupright.Properwarningsignsmustbeposted.Theoldestmaterialmustbeusedfirst.Thenameofthematerialmustbeposted.Productmustberotatedtopreservestocks.Donotinterminglefullandemptycontainers.Chemicalsmustbestoredwithlikechemicals.Somechemicalsmustalwaysbeshadedfromsun.BulkContainers-followest