初中作文审题的艺术

祈使句和感叹句

第三十讲第一页，共22页。祈使句和感叹句第三十讲第一页，共22页。1．—____foggyday!—Somethingmustbedonetosolvethehazeproblem.(2014，福州)A．HowB．WhatC．Whata2．—____braveZhangHuais!—Yes.Hehelpedhisneighbour，Mrs.Sunoutofthefire.(2014，南京(nánjīnɡ))A．WhataB．HowC．HowaD．What【名题实战(shízhàn)】CB第二页，共22页。1．—____foggyday!【名题实战(shízhà3．—Sorry，I'mlate.—____tellmethebusbrokedownagain！(2014，广州)A．NevertoB．NotC．Don'tD．No4．—I'mleavingforXisaiMountainthisafternoon.—____youhavepackedeverything.(2014，黄石(huánɡshí))A．TobesureB．BeensureC．BeingsureD．BesureCD第三页，共22页。3．—Sorry，I'mlate.CD第三页，共22页。1．中考考查感叹句主要是考查对引导词what和how的选择。2．中考考查祈使句的特征：肯定式以动词原形开头；动词原形前加don't为否定句式。祈使句是用来表示(biǎoshì)请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告等。祈使句的主语you往往省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号，读降调。【考点(kǎodiǎn)梳理】第四页，共22页。1．中考考查感叹句主要是考查对引导词what和how的选择。高频考向一祈使句的基本用法1．肯定的祈使句①句型(jùxínɡ)：动词原形＋其他成分。如：Becareful！小心！②“Do＋祈使句”表示一种强烈的感情或请求，do起强调作用。③please用在祈使句中可以表示一种客气的语气，但please用在句末时，必须用逗号与其余部分隔开。如：Closethedoor，please.请关门！第五页，共22页。高频考向一祈使句的基本用法第五页，共22页。2．否定的祈使句①通常(tōngcháng)句型：Don't＋动词原形＋其他成分。如：Don'tbelateforschoolagain！别再迟到了！②用Never开头：Never＋动词原形＋其他成分。如：Neverleavetoday'sworkfortomorrow！不要把今天的工作留到明天！第六页，共22页。2．否定的祈使句第六页，共22页。3．Let引导的祈使句以Let开头的句子也是祈使句，表示(biǎoshì)陈述和建议。其否定形式有两种：Let...not或Don't...。如：Letusnotbelate.让我们不要迟到。Don'tlettheboyplayfootballinthestreet.不要让这个男孩在街上踢足球。第七页，共22页。3．Let引导的祈使句第七页，共22页。【例1】________hard，you'llmakeprogressinEnglish.A．WorkB．ToworkC．WorkingD．Don'twork解析(jiěxī)：祈使句以动词原形开头，可用来表示劝告。句意：努力，你会在英语方面取得进步的。答案：____A第八页，共22页。【例1】________hard，you'llmake【例2】________callmeMimi！It'smycat'sname.A．NotB．Didn'tC．Doesn'tD．Don't解析：祈使句的否定(fǒudìng)形式：在动词原形前加don't。答案：____D第九页，共22页。【例2】________callmeMimi！It'【例3】—Mark，pleasedon'tplaybasketballontheroad.It'sverydangerous.—________.Iamgoinghomeatonce.A．HaveagreattimeB．Sorry，Iwon'tdothatC．I'dliketoD．OK，withpleasure解析(jiěxī)：对今后不要做某事的命令或请求表示接受时，回答要用否定式的将来时。答案：____B第十页，共22页。【例3】—Mark，pleasedon'tplayb高频考向二感叹句用来表示说话人强烈的喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子(jùzi)，叫感叹句。感叹句由what或how引导，具体用法如下表：第十一页，共22页。高频考向二感叹句第十一页，共22页。【例4】________childrenSimonandJimare！TheyhelpMrs.Licleanthehouseeveryday.A．HowniceB．HowbraveC．WhatniceD．Whatbrave解析：“children孩子们”是名词的复数。“What＋形容词＋复数名词＋主语＋谓语！”由下文“帮助Mrs.Li打扫房间”可知nice符合题意(tíyì)。答案：____C第十二页，共22页。【例4】________childrenSimona【例5】—________expensivemobilephoneitis!—Yes，butIthink________styleisquitefashionable.A．Whata；aB．How；theC．Whatan;theD．Howan；the解析：mobilephone可数名词单数(dānshù)，故用句式“What＋(a/an)＋adj.＋n.(＋主谓)！”style为特指，前加the。答案：____C第十三页，共22页。【例5】—________expensivemobi【例6】—Listen！Someoneisplayingthepiano.Wow！________beautifulmusic！Ilikeitverymuch.A．WhatB．HowaC．WhataD．How解析：这句强调的是名词，但music是不可数名词，须用“What＋形容词＋不可数名词”结构(jiégòu)。答案：____A第十四页，共22页。【例6】—Listen！Someoneisplayin【例7】LookatthephotooftheSmiths.________happytheyare!A．HowB．WhataC．WhatD．Howa解析：考查(kǎochá)感叹句。“How＋形容词＋主语＋谓语！”答案：____A第十五页，共22页。【例7】Lookatthephotoofthe【例8】________happilythechildrenareflyingkites!A．WhatB．WhataC．HowD．Howa解析：考查感叹句的“How＋副词＋主语＋谓语(wèiyǔ)”结构。答案：____C第十六页，共22页。【例8】________happilythechil一、单项选择(xuǎnzé)。1．____wakeupyoursister，Ben.Sheneedsagoodsleep.(2014，重庆)A．Don'tB．Doesn'tC．Aren'tD．Can't2．—Whataretherulesatyourschool?—Don'truninthehallwaysand____arrivelateforclass.(2014，黄冈)A．nottoB．won'tC．don'tD．noAC第十七页，共22页。一、单项选择(xuǎnzé)。AC第十七页，共22页。3．—____interestingthefilmis!—Yes.Ihaveseenittwice.(2014，滨州)A．WhatB．HowC．WhatanD．Howan4．—ThesixstudentsfromLianyunganggotthefirstprizeintheChineseCharactersDictationCompetitioninJiangsu.—____excitingnewsitis！(2014，连云港)A．WhatB．HowC．WhatanD．HowanBA第十八页，共22页。3．—____interestingthefilmi5．“____exerciseeveryday，myson.It'sgoodforyourhealth.”Dadoftensaidtohim.(2013，白银(báiyín))A．TakesB．TakingC．TakeC．Totake6．—Don'tkeepwaterrunningwhenyouwashhands.—____．(2013，泰州)A．IhopesoB．I'mafraidnotC．Sorry，Iwon'tD．It'snothingCC第十九页，共22页。5．“____exerciseeveryday，my7．—WishyougoodluckinthisEnglishexam.—____(2013，温州)A．That'sOK.B．Thankyou.C．Congratulations!D．You'rewelcome.8．—____excellentworkyouhavedone!—It'sverykindofyoutosayso.(2013，凉山)A．WhatanB．HowC．WhatBC第二十页，共22页。7．—Wishyougoodluckinthis9．—Goodbye，everyone.____．—Bye，Sally！Don'tforgettowrite.(2013，衢州)A．StayintouchB．JustwaitandseeC．SoundsgreatD．Comethisway

A第二十一页，共22页。9．—Goodbye，everyone.____．A第二十一10．Looka