小升初语法专题复习形容词副词比较级最高级（讲义）-人教PEP版英语六年级下册

小升初语法专题复习——形容词比较级、最高级I.基本形式含义：绝大多数形容词有三种形式,原级,比较级和最高级，以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。形容词的原级:形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形。例如:

poor，tall，great，glad，bad。形容词的比较级：形容词的比较级表示“更……”，用于两者之间的比较，用来说明“前者比后者更……”，比较级前面一般用much,even,alittle，alot修饰，其中even,much只能修饰比较级。

形容词比较级、最高级：一、形容词比较级、最高级的规则构成形式：构成法原级比较级最高级①一般情况，加er和eststrongstrongerstrongest②以e结尾，只加r和stnicelargenicerlargernicestlargest③辅元辅结构，双写尾字母，再加er和estbig

hotbigger

hotterbiggest

hottest④以辅音字母加y结尾，改y为i，再加er和esteasybusy

happyeasierbusier

happiereasiestbusiest

happiest⑤多音节词在前面加more和mostdifficultbeautifulcarefulinterestingmoredifficultmorebeautifulmorecarefulmoreinterestingmostdifficultmostbeautifulmostcarefulmostinteresting二、形容词比较级、最高级的不规则构成形式：原级比较级最高级good/well好的betterbestbad/ill坏的worseworstmany/much多的moremostlittle/few少的lessleastfar远的farther更远的；further更进一层的farthest/furthestold老的older更老的；elder更年长的oldest/eldest副词：构成规则与形容词基本一致（略）【易混点】以ly结尾的副词不能像形容词那样加er或est，而应在副词原形前加more或most，如：quickly→morequickly→mostquicklyslowly→moreslowly→mostslowlyII.基本用法一、形容词比较级的用法:

（1）当两个人或事物（A和B）进行比较时，我们需要用到形容词的原级或者比较级

①表达“A大于B”用“比较级+than”的结构。公式:A+be动词+形容词比较级+than+B…

Iamtallerthanyou.我比你高。MaryishappierthanJane.玛丽比珍妮幸福。（形容词和系词连用）HelivesmorehappilythanI.他过得比我幸福。（副词修饰行为动词）②表达“A和B一样”，用as…as的结构。公式:A+be动词+as+形容词原级+as…+B

Iamastallasyou.我和你一样高。③表达“A不如B”用notas/so…as的结构。公式:A+be动词的否定形式+as+形容词原级+as…+B

Iamnotastallasyou.我没有你高。

④“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。Itisgettingwarmerandwarmer．天气越来越暖和。

Heisrunningfasterandfaster．他跑得越来越快。⑤“themore…，themore…”表示“越……，就越……”，

Themore，thebetter.多多益善。

Themorecarefulyouare,thefewermistakesyouwillmake.你越细心，犯错就越少。⑥表示“两个中比较……的：the

+

比较级+

of

the

two

【注意】强调两者之间的比较，比较级前加the,如：Heisthestrongerofthetwo.他是两个人中比较高的那个。He

is

the

better

of

the

two

.

他是这两个人中比较好的。（2）注意than前后两项相比较的人或事物要一致。如：ShedoesbetterinEnglishthanMaths.相比于数学，她更擅长英语。I’mbetteratEnglishthanher.我比她更擅长英语。（3）比较级前可用much,alittle等词语来修饰，表示“……得多”，“……一点”等意思。如：JapanisalittlelargerthanGermany.日本比德国大一点儿。Hishouseismuchbiggerthanmine.他家比我家大很多。【注意】very,too,so,as......as等只能修饰原级，如：Englishissodifficult.英语是如此的难。Mybrotherisverystrong.我哥哥很强壮。Mysisterisasoldasher.我妹妹和她一样大。TomjumpsashighasJack.汤姆和杰克跳得一样高。(4)关于形容词比较级的更多用法：A.比较级前面可以加上表示具体数量差别的结构,表示具体“大多少”，“小多少”，“长 多少”，“短多少”等。

Iamtwoyearsolderthanhe.我比他大两岁。

Thisbuildingis20metershigherthanthatone.这个建筑物比那个高20米。B.在含有or的选择疑问句中，如果有两者供选择，前面的形容词要用比较级形式。“Whichis+形容词比较级，AorB?” Whoistaller,TimorTony? Whichishigher,thehospitalorthelibrary?二、最高级1．最高级用于三者或三者以上的比较，形容词的结构形式是“the＋形容词最高级＋名词＋范围”(如ofall,ofthethree,intheworld等)。如：Heisthetallestboyinhisclass.他是班上最高的男孩。副词的最高级与形容词最高级的区别在于最高级前没有定冠词the。如：

Herunsfastestofthethree.三个人中他跑得最快。Shedancesmostbeautifullyinourclass.她在我们班跳得最美。课堂练习：一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级、最高级形式。1.small22.late2.short23.nice3.tall24.large4.young25.heavy5.long26.early6.strong27.easy7.light28.busy8.low29.slowly9.high30.pretty10.slow31.funny11.fast32.dirty12.high33.beautiful13.hard34.interesting14.cheap35.expensive15.bright36.important16.dark37.different17.cool38.excited18.fat39.good/well19.big40.bad/ill20.thin41.far21.hot42.old43.many/much二、单项选择。 ()1.Tomis120cm.Jackis_______thanhim.A.tall B.taller C.heavy D.heavier()2.Jimis40kg.Tomis38kg.Tomis________thanJim.A.taller B.thinner C.heavier D.higher()3.I’m11yearsold.Mysisteris2yearsolderthanme.Sheis________. A.9 B.13 C.10 D.19()4.Iam________thanmyaunt.A.strong B.big C.shorter D.small()5.Myfatheris________thanmygrandpa.A.older B.youngerC.smaller D.bigger()6.Whichshirtdoyoulike__________,theredoneortheblueone? A.good B.well C.best D.better()7.Qingdaoismore__________thanJinan A.interesting B.beautifulC.boring D.big()8.DoyouthinkMathsis_______thananyothersubject? A.interesting B.moreinterestingC.muchinteresting D.manyinteresting()9.Theyellowshoesare________thantheblueshoes.expensive B.expensiver C.moreexpensive D.muchexpensive()10.Whocansingbetter________Rose?than B.then C./ D.much三、根据句意填入单词的正确形式。1．Mybrotheristwoyears_________(old)thanme.2.Isyoursister_________(young)thanyou?Yes,sheis.3.Whois__________(thin),youorHelen?Helenis.4.Whosepencilboxis_________(big),yoursorhers?Hersis.5．Benjumps________(high)thansomeoftheboysinhisclass.6．DoesNancysing__________(well)thanHelen?Yes,shedoes.7．Myeyesare__________(big)thanhers.8．Whichis__________(heavy),theelephantorthepig?9．Whogetsup__________(early),TimorTom?10．Dothegirlsgetup__________(early)thantheboys?No,they__________.11．Jimruns__________(slow).ButBenruns__________(slow).12.This

story

is

__________(

interesting)

than

that

one.

13.This

kind

of

food

must

be

_________

(

delicious

)than

that

one.

14.Who’s

__________(careful),Jim

or

Kate?

15.Now

China

has

joined

WTO,

so

I

think

English

is__________(useful)than

before.课堂小结：巩固练习：一、选择填空：1.Mysisterisgetting__________.A.faterandfaterB.fatterandfatterC.morefatterandfatterD.moreandmorefatter2.Theyare________tousthanbefore.A.friendB.friendlyC.morefriendlyD.friendier3.Jackisthe________boy________ourclass.A.tallest.inB.taller.inC.mosttall.ofD.moretall.of4.Itisnot_______warm_________yesterday.Putonmoreclothes.A.so.onB.so.inC.as.atD.as.as5.Janeisa________dancerandshedances__________.A.good.wellB.well.wellC.earlierthanD.laterthan6.Mymotherhadtoworklastnight.soshewenttobed________me.A.asearlierasB.asearlyasC.earlierthanD.laterthan7.BothAndyandIdriveslowly.Tomdrivesfast.SoTomdrives________ofall.A.slowerB.theslowestC.fasterD.thefastest8.Mybikeis________,buthisbikeis________.A.new,new B.new,newer C.new,newest D.newer,new9.Whichanimalsdoyoulike________,catsordogs?A.verymuch B.best C.more D.better10.Acow________biggerthanamouse.A.much B.more C.many D.a二、用所给词的适当形式填空：1.Mybrotheristwoyears__________(old)thanme.2.Tomisas___________(fat)asJim.3.Isyoursister__________(young)thanyou?Yes,sheis.4.Whois___________(thin),youorHelen?Helenis.5.Whosepencilboxis__________(big),yoursorhers?Hersis.6.Mary’shairisas____________(long)asLucy’s.7.Ben___________(jump)__________(high)thansomeoftheboysinhisclass.8.___________Nancysing__________(well)thanHelen?Yes,she___________.9.Fangfangisnotas___________(tall)astheothergirls.10.Myeyesare__________(big)than___________(she)..11.Whichis___________(heavy),theelephantorthepig?12.Whogetsup_________(early),TimorTom?13.___________thegirlsgetup___________(early)thantheboys?No,they___________.14.Jimruns___________(slow).ButBenruns___________(slow).15.Thechilddoesn’t___________(write)as___________(fast)asthestudents.三、翻译句子：1、谁比Jim年纪大？是你。________is_________thanJim？

________are2、谁比David更强壮？是GaoShan.________

_________thanDavid?

GaoShan

________.3、谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的。_________pencilis_________,______or________？________is,Ithink.4、谁的苹果更重，你的姐姐的还是你的弟弟的？

我的弟弟的。_________apples

_________

_________

,your

_________

oryour

_________

?My____________

___________.5、你和你的叔叔一样高吗？是的。_________________as_________asyouruncle?Yes,Iam.6、他和他的朋友Jim一样年轻。He_______as

__________as________

________Jim.7、她和她的双胞胎哥哥一样胖吗？不，她比他瘦。________________as_________as______twin_______?No,__________________thanhim.8.YangLing每天睡得比SuYang晚。YangLing________to

_________

_________

thanSuYangeveryday.9.我跳得和Mike一样远。I_________as

_________

asMike.10.Tom比你跑得快吗？不是的,他和我跑得一样快。

_________

Tom_________

_________

thanyou?No,he

_________

.He

_________

as

_________

as

_________

.11.多做运动，你会更强壮。

_________

moreexercise,you’ll

_________

_________soon.12.我的科学很好，但是语文不好。I

_________

_________

atScience.ButIdon’t_________wellinChinese.13.你放风筝比王兵放得高吗？不，我比他放得低。

_________

you

_________

thekite

_________

thanWangbing?No,I

_________

it_________

than

_________

.14.我喜欢游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。Ilike

_________

.Allmy

_________